By Robin Sidel And Josh Beckerman 

Visa Inc. reported quarterly earnings that topped Wall Street expectations as the company posted growth in payment volume and announced a four-for-one stock split.

The increase, which sent shares up in after-hours trading, came despite lower gasoline prices that cut into consumer spending at the pump and a strengthening U.S. dollar that took a bite out of travel into the U.S. Those trends are expected to continue through the middle of the year, company executives said.

The decision to split the company's stock is the company's first share split since it went public in 2008. The move reduces Visa's impact on the Dow Industrial Average and makes it cheaper for retail investors to buy the stock. It had been the highest-priced stock in the Dow, followed by Goldman Sachs Group Inc. and 3M Co.

In after-hours trading, the company's shares rose about 4%

For the period ended Dec. 31, Visa reported a profit of $1.57 billion, or $2.53 per Class A share, up from $1.41 billion, or $2.20 per Class A share, a year earlier.

Revenue rose to $3.38 billion from $3.16 billion.

Analysts polled by Thomson Reuters projected earnings of $2.49 a share on revenue of $3.34 billion.

"While the challenges of the macro global environment don't seem to abate, our results have remained consistent and reflect the strength and underlying resilience of our business model," the company said.

Visa rung up $1.25 billion in payment transactions in the quarter ended Dec. 31, with $794 million coming from credit and $450 million attributed to debit cards. That is up 7% from the $1.16 billion reported in the year-earlier period.

Based in Foster City, Calif., Visa is the largest U.S. payments network. Visa and competitor MasterCard Inc. don't issue cards or set interest rates, but they charge fees to financial institutions for transactions that travel over their networks.

MasterCard, based in Purchase, N.Y., is scheduled to release quarterly earnings on Friday.

Visa also reaffirmed its guidance for the fiscal year ending in September, projecting per-share earnings growth in the midteens. The company still expects low-double-digit percentage revenue growth, with two percentage points of negative foreign-currency impact.

"Overall, Visa reported a solid quarter, posting a revenue beat and reiterating the solid guidance that was provided with last quarter's earnings call despite materially higher foreign exchange headwinds," Sanjay Sakhrani, an analyst at Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, wrote in a note to investors.

Spending on credit and debit cards has been strong as consumers migrate from cash and checks to electronic payments. Credit quality, which was hurt badly during the financial crisis, now stands at historically strong levels.

Visa Chief Executive Charles Scharf said that Visa customers are saving roughly $60 a month following a 30% decline in gasoline prices since June. Consumers are putting roughly half of that into savings, and using the rest to reduce debt or spend on groceries, clothing and restaurants, he said.

The company's digital efforts have included the launch of Visa Digital Solutions, an initiative geared toward secure payments using mobile devices. Visa said in September it planned to create 2,000 full-time technology roles and open a new technology center in India. Visa and others have supported Apple Inc.'s Apple Pay service.

Write to Robin Sidel at robin.sidel@wsj.com and Josh Beckerman at josh.beckerman@wsj.com

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