Quarterly Report (10-q)

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Table of Contents

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

⌧	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2022

◻	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to Commission file number 001-38935

ATRECA, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware	27-3723255
(State or other jurisdiction of	(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)	Identification No.)

835 Industrial Road, Suite 400,

San Carlos, CA 94070

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

(650)-595-2595

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Class A Common Stock	BCEL	The Nasdaq Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer	◻	Accelerated filer	◻
Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company	☒
		Emerging growth company	☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ◻ No ☒.

As of November 10, 2022, the registrant had 32,351,950 shares of Class A common stock, $0.0001 par value per share and 6,715,441 shares of Class B common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, outstanding.

Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS


		Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Condensed Financial Statements (Unaudited)
	Condensed Balance Sheets	3
	Condensed Statements of Operations	4
	Condensed Statements of Loss and Comprehensive Loss	5
	Condensed Statements of Stockholders’ Equity	6
	Condensed Statements of Cash Flows	8
	Notes to Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements	10
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	23
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	34
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	34
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION		36
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	36
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	36
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	81
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	81
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	81
Item 5.	Other Information	81
Item 6.	Exhibits	81

Table of Contents

PART I --- FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Condensed Financial Statements

Atreca, Inc.

Condensed Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except share and per share data)


	September 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021
	(unaudited)
ASSETS
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	20,903	$	94,746
Investments		64,822		22,287
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		7,050		5,337
Total current assets		92,775		122,370
Property and equipment, net		39,670		43,015
Operating lease right-of-use assets		36,481		—
Long-term investments		—		31,042
Deposits and other		3,149		3,630
Total assets	$	172,075	$	200,057
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current Liabilities
Accounts payable	$	1,698	$	3,352
Accrued expenses		9,399		11,555
Operating lease liabilities, current portion		3,434		—
Other current liabilities		39		1,992
Total current liabilities		14,570		16,899
Deferred rent		—		28,229
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion		61,252		—
Total liabilities		75,822		45,128
Commitment and contingencies (Note 9)
Stockholders’ equity
Class A common stock, $0.0001 par value, 650,000,000 shares authorized as of both September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021; 32,351,950 and 31,043,356 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively		3		3
Class B common stock, $0.0001 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized as of both September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021; 6,715,441 shares issued and outstanding as of both September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021		1		1
Additional paid-in capital		532,409		514,794
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(581)		(102)
Accumulated deficit		(435,579)		(359,767)
Total stockholders’ equity		96,253		154,929
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	172,075	$	200,057

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed financial statements.

- 3 -

Table of Contents

Atreca, Inc.

Condensed Statements of Operations

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

(unaudited)


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021

Expenses
Research and development	$	16,045	$	18,721	$	53,062	$	56,145
General and administrative		7,247		8,796		23,930		24,648
Total expenses		23,292		27,517		76,992		80,793
Interest and other income (expense)
Other income		—		158		750		851
Interest income		233		36		430		183
Interest expense		—		(1)		—		(3)
Loss on disposal of property and equipment		—		(34)		—		(45)
Loss before income tax expense		(23,059)		(27,358)		(75,812)		(79,807)
Income tax expense		—		—		—		(1)
Net loss	$	(23,059)	$	(27,358)	$	(75,812)	$	(79,808)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(0.60)	$	(0.74)	$	(1.97)	$	(2.16)
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share, basic and diluted		38,720,575		36,918,255		38,434,327		36,884,665

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed financial statements.

- 4 -

Table of Contents

Atreca, Inc.

Condensed Statements of Loss and Comprehensive Loss

(in thousands)

(unaudited)


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021

Net loss	$	(23,059)	$	(27,358)	$	(75,812)	$	(79,808)
Other comprehensive loss:
Unrealized gain(loss) on available-for-sale debt securities		80		(22)		(479)		(64)
Comprehensive loss	$	(22,979)	$	(27,380)	$	(76,291)	$	(79,872)

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed financial statements.

- 5 -

Table of Contents

Atreca, Inc.

Condensed Statements of Stockholders' Equity

(in thousands, except share data)

(unaudited)


						Accumulated
				Additional		Other				Total
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021	Common Stock			Paid-In		Comprehensive		Accumulated		Stockholders'
	Shares	Amount		Capital		Income (Loss)		Deficit		Equity
Balances at June 30, 2021	36,894,414	$	4	$	501,474	$	16	$	(302,891)	$	198,603
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of options	—		—		—		—		—		—
Issuance of common stock under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan	70,754		—		353		—		—		353
Stock-based compensation	—		—		3,853		—		—		3,853
Unrealized loss on available-for-sale debt securities	—		—		—		(22)		—		(22)
Net loss	—		—		—		—		(27,358)		(27,358)
Balances at September 30, 2021	36,965,168	$	4	$	505,680	$	(6)	$	(330,249)	$	175,429

						Accumulated
				Additional		Other				Total
Three Months Ended September 30, 2022	Common Stock			Paid-In		Comprehensive		Accumulated		Stockholders'
	Shares	Amount		Capital		Loss		Deficit		Equity
Balances at June 30, 2022	38,591,436	$	4	$	528,380	$	(661)	$	(412,520)	$	115,203
Issuance of common stock under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan	91,565		—		145		—		—		145
Vesting of restricted stock units	384,390		—		—		—		—		—
Stock-based compensation	—		—		3,884		—		—		3,884
Unrealized gain on available-for-sale debt securities	—		—		—		80		—		80
Net loss	—		—		—		—		(23,059)		(23,059)
Balances at September 30, 2022	39,067,391	$	4	$	532,409	$	(581)	$	(435,579)	$	96,253

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed financial statements.

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Atreca, Inc.

Condensed Statements of Stockholders' Equity

(in thousands, except share data)

(unaudited)


						Accumulated
				Additional		Other				Total
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021	Common Stock			Paid-In		Comprehensive		Accumulated		Stockholders'
	Shares	Amount		Capital		Income (Loss)		Deficit		Equity
Balances at December 31, 2020	36,804,603	$	4	$	492,436	$	58	$	(250,441)	$	242,057
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of options	46,793		—		272		—		—		272
Issuance of common stock under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan	113,772		—		837		—		—		837
Stock-based compensation	—		—		12,135		—		—		12,135
Unrealized loss on available-for-sale debt securities	—		—		—		(64)		—		(64)
Net loss	—		—		—		—		(79,808)		(79,808)
Balances at September 30, 2021	36,965,168	$	4	$	505,680	$	(6)	$	(330,249)	$	175,429

						Accumulated
				Additional		Other				Total
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022	Common Stock			Paid-In		Comprehensive		Accumulated		Stockholders'
	Shares	Amount		Capital		Loss		Deficit		Equity
Balances at December 31, 2021	37,758,797	$	4	$	514,794	$	(102)	$	(359,767)	$	154,929
Issuance of common stock through "at-the-market" offering, net of underwriter discount and issuance costs	700,000		—		3,509		—		—		3,509
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of options	16,666		—		76		—		—		76
Issuance of common stock under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan	207,538		—		322		—		—		322
Vesting of restricted stock units	384,390		—		—		—		—		—
Stock-based compensation	—		—		13,708		—		—		13,708
Unrealized loss on available-for-sale debt securities	—		—		—		(479)		—		(479)
Net loss	—		—		—		—		(75,812)		(75,812)
Balances at September 30, 2022	39,067,391	$	4	$	532,409	$	(581)	$	(435,579)	$	96,253

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed financial statements.

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Atreca, Inc.

Condensed Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)

(unaudited)


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022		2021
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net loss	$	(75,812)	$	(79,808)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		4,081		3,184
Amortization of operating right-of-use asset		1,197		—
Loss on disposal of property and equipment		—		45
Stock-based compensation		13,708		12,135
Amortization of discount or premium on available-for-sale securities		90		1,311
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		(2,133)		(307)
Accounts payable		(1,671)		(358)
Accrued expenses		(2,136)		3,128
Other current liabilities		(236)		(1,111)
Deferred rent		—		16,967
Operating lease liabilities		(2,376)		—
Net cash used in operating activities		(65,288)		(44,814)
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Purchase of property and equipment		(739)		(31,453)
Purchase of investments		(60,504)		(30,529)
Proceeds from maturities of investments		48,442		157,929
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		(12,801)		95,947
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Proceeds from the issuance of common stock under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan		322		837
Proceeds from exercise of stock options		76		272
Proceeds from issuance of common shares in "at-the-market" equity offering, net of issuance costs		3,509		—
Principal payments on capital lease obligations		(4)		(36)
Net cash provided by financing activities		3,903		1,073
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		(74,186)		52,206
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period		96,204		62,441
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	$	22,018	$	114,647

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed financial statements.

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Atreca, Inc.

Condensed Statements of Cash Flows (continued)

(in thousands)

(unaudited)


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022		2021
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information
Cash paid for interest	$	—	$	3
Cash paid for income taxes	$	—	$	1
Supplemental Schedule of Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities
Purchases of property and equipment included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$	30	$	3,548

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed financial statements.

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Notes to Unaudited Interim Condensed Financial Statements

1. Business

Nature of Business

Atreca, Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated in the State of Delaware on June 11, 2010 (“inception”), and is located in San Carlos, California. The Company is a biopharmaceutical company utilizing its differentiated platform to discover and develop novel antibody-based immunotherapeutics to treat a range of solid tumor types. The Company's lead product candidate, ATRC-101, is a monoclonal antibody in clinical development with a novel mechanism of action and target derived from an antibody identified using its discovery platform. The Company operates in a single segment. Since inception, the Company has been primarily engaged in research and development, raising capital, building its management team and building its intellectual property portfolio.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and include the accounts of the Company. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Therefore, these unaudited condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and related footnotes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") on March 3, 2022.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and reported amounts of income and expenses in the condensed financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Key estimates in the condensed financial statements include estimated useful lives of property and equipment, impairment of long-lived assets, accrued expenses, valuation of deferred income tax assets, fair value of available-for-sale debt securities, incremental borrowing rate used for lease accounting and fair value of options granted under the Company's stock option plan.

Unaudited Interim Condensed Financial Statements

The accompanying condensed financial statements are unaudited. The unaudited interim condensed financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the annual financial statements and reflect, in the opinion of management, all adjustments of a normal and recurring nature that are necessary for the fair statement of the Company’s financial position as of September 30, 2022 and its results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, and statements of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021. The financial data and the other financial information contained in these notes to the condensed financial statements related to the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 are also unaudited. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2022 or for any other future annual or interim period. The balance sheet as of December 31, 2021 included herein was derived from the audited financial statements as of that date.

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Other Income

Other income is comprised of amounts earned from services performed under service agreements. The Company follows the provisions of Accounting Standards Update 2014-09 Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“Topic 606”). The guidance provides a unified model to determine how income is recognized.

In determining the appropriate amount of other income to be recognized as it fulfills its obligations under the agreements, the Company performs the following steps: (i) identifies the promised goods or services in the contract; (ii) determines whether the promised goods or services are performance obligations including whether they are distinct in the context of the contract; (iii) measures the transaction price, including the constraint on variable consideration; (iv) allocates the transaction price to the performance obligations based on estimated selling prices; and (v) recognizes other income when (or as) the Company satisfies each performance obligation.

The Company generally allocates the transaction price to distinct performance obligations at their stand-alone selling prices, determined by their estimated costs plus some margin. Performance obligations are generally delivered over time and recognized based upon observable inputs as the related research services are performed, which are recorded as research and development expenses. Amounts due under service agreements are generally billed monthly as services are delivered and do not generally result in contract liabilities or assets.

In February 2020, the Company entered into an agreement with an external partner for a research project to identify the antigenic targets of select antibodies discovered by the Company with potential utility in oncology. The nonrefundable upfront payment from this agreement was classified as a contract liability and the Company fully recognized the amount as other income over the service period of 18 months.

In March 2022, the Company entered into an agreement with a third party for the assignment of certain non-core intellectual property. The initial consideration was classified as other income and recognized upon completion of the assignment. The agreement provides for additional consideration in the event of commercial exploitation of the intellectual property. The term of the agreement extends to the date of expiration of the last to expire of any of the assigned patents. The Company recorded no receivables under service and license agreements as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. The Company recorded no contract liabilities as of both September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

Collaborations

Historically, we have entered into a number of discovery collaborations as we developed our discovery platform. These collaborations have generally focused on identifying novel antibodies in areas of significant unmet medical need.

In July 2020, the Company entered into a Collaboration and License Agreement with Xencor, Inc. (“Xencor Agreement”), to research, develop and commercialize novel CD3 bispecific antibodies as potential therapeutics in oncology. Under the Xencor Agreement, the Company and Xencor, Inc. will engage in a three-year research program in which the Company will provide antibodies against novel tumor targets through its discovery platform from which Xencor, Inc. will engineer XmAb bispecific antibodies that also bind to the CD3 receptor on T cells. Up to two joint programs are eligible to be mutually selected for further development and commercialization, with each partner sharing 50% of costs and profits. Each company has the option to lead development, regulatory and commercialization activities for one of the joint programs. In addition, the Xencor Agreement allows each partner the option to pursue up to two programs independently, with a mid-to high-single digit percent royalty payable on net sales to the other partner.

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The Company evaluated the Xencor Agreement under the provisions of ASC 606 and ASU 2018-18, Collaborative Arrangements (Topic 808) Clarifying the Interaction between Topic 808 and Topic 606. The Company concluded that Xencor, Inc. is not a customer as there are no distinct units of account that are reflective of a vendor-customer relationship or exchange of consideration for the research activities. The Company’s share of any collaboration expense is recognized as an research and development expense on the Company’s condensed statement of operations.

For the cost-sharing related to the research program, the Company will follow the presentation and disclosure guidance of ASC 808, Collaboration Agreements. The Company had a payable of $18,000 and a receivable of $25,000 under the research cost-sharing provision recorded in accrued expenses and prepaid and other current assets, respectively, on the accompanying condensed balance sheets as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

In-Licensing Arrangements – Development

In April 2022, the Company entered into an Option and License Agreement (the “Option and License Agreement”), by and between the Company and Zymeworks Inc (“Zymeworks”). The Company received a license under certain of Zymeworks’ proprietary drug conjugate patents and know-how to perform preclinical research and development of antibody drug conjugates (“ADCs”). The aggregate consideration for the research license is $5.0 million. The Company also received an option to obtain an exclusive license to research, develop, manufacture, and commercialize certain ADCs for additional license fees and royalties. Unless earlier terminated or extended, the term of the research license and the commercial option is two years from the effective date.

The Company will be required to use commercially reasonable efforts to develop and commercialize at least one licensed product and the Company will pay to Zymeworks an option exercise fee, and lump sum payments upon the achievement of certain development and regulatory milestones and commercial milestones. In addition, with respect to each licensed product, the Company will pay tiered royalties on net sales of licensed products at single-digit royalty rates.

The research license fee of $5.0 million was expensed to research and development expense in April 2022 in accordance with the Company's research and development expense policy.

Employee Retention Credit

The Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act, as amended by the further legislation, provides an employee retention credit (“ERC”) to eligible employers, which is a refundable tax credit against certain employment taxes. In calendar 2021, the ERC was equal to 70% of qualified wages paid to employees up to $10,000 of qualified wages per employee for each of the first, second and third calendar quarters of 2021. The Company has determined that its aggregate eligible refundable credit for 2021 is $2.9 million. In May 2022, the Company filed the requisite claims for the eligible 2021 ERC.

The Company classified the ERC amounts as a reduction to payroll expense. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recorded $2.4 million and $0.5 million related to the ERC within research and development expense and general and administrative expense, respectively, on the Company’s condensed statement of operations. As of September 30, 2022, the Company has a $2.9 million receivable balance from the United States government related to the CARES Act, which is recorded as other receivables in “Prepaid expenses and other current assets” on the Company’s condensed balance sheet.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

Cash and cash equivalents include all cash balances and highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less.

The Company maintained restricted cash of $1.1 million and $1.5 million as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. These amounts as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 are included in

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deposits and other in the accompanying condensed balance sheets and is comprised solely of letters of credit required pursuant to leases for Company facilities.

The Company’s reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the condensed balance sheets that sum to the total of the same amounts shown in the condensed statements of cash flows were as follows (in thousands):


	September 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Cash and cash equivalents	$	20,903	$	94,746
Restricted cash		1,115		1,458
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in the condensed statements of cash flows	$	22,018	$	96,204

Investments

The Company considers securities purchased with original maturities greater than three months to be investments. The Company’s policy is to protect the value of its investment portfolio and minimize principal risk by earning returns based on current interest rates. The Company’s intent is to convert all investments into cash to be used for operations and has classified them as available for sale. For purposes of determining realized gains and losses, the cost of debt securities sold is based on specific identification. Interest and dividends on securities classified as available-for-sale are included in interest income.

Leases

The Company determines if an arrangement is, or contains, a lease at inception. The Company measures lease liabilities based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As the Company’s leases generally do not provide an implicit discount rate, the net present value of future minimum lease payments is determined using the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. Options in the lease terms to extend or terminate the lease are not reflected in the lease liabilities unless it is reasonably certain that any such option will be exercised.

The Company measures right-of-use assets at the lease commencement date based on the corresponding lease liabilities adjusted for (i) prepayments made to the lessor at or before the commencement date, (ii) initial direct costs incurred and (iii) certain tenant incentives under the lease. The Company evaluates the recoverability of the right-of-use assets for possible impairment in accordance with the long-lived assets policy. The Company has elected not to recognize right-of-use assets or lease liabilities for leases with an initial lease term of twelve months or less.

The Company’s lease agreements do not contain residual value guarantees or covenants. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the leases. Incentives granted under the Company’s facilities lease, including rent holidays, are recognized as adjustments to lease expense on a straight-line basis over the terms of the leases.

Risks and Uncertainties

The Company is subject to a number of risks associated with companies at a similar stage, including COVID-19, dependence on key individuals, competition from similar services and larger companies, volatility of the industry, ability to obtain regulatory clearance, ability to obtain adequate financing to support growth, the ability to attract and retain additional qualified personnel to manage the anticipated growth of the Company and general economic conditions.

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Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents, investments and other receivables. Cash and cash equivalents are held at three financial institutions and were in excess of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insurable limit at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. Additionally, cash and cash equivalents and investments are maintained at brokerage firms for which amounts are insured by the Securities Investor Protection Corporation subject to legal limits. The Company has not experienced any losses on its deposits to date.

The Company does not require collateral or other security for other receivables; however, credit risk is mitigated by the Company’s ongoing evaluations of its debtors’ credit worthiness.

Research and Development Costs

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Research and development costs consist primarily of salaries and benefits, consultant fees, stock-based compensation, certain facility costs, legal costs and other costs associated with preclinical and clinical development.

A substantial portion of the Company’s ongoing research and development activities are conducted by third-party service providers in connection with preclinical and clinical development activities and contract manufacturing organizations in connection with the production of materials for clinical trials. At the end of the reporting period, the Company compares payments made to third-party service providers to the estimated progress toward completion of the research or development objectives. Such estimates are subject to change as additional information becomes available. Depending on the timing of payments to the service providers and the progress that the Company estimates has been made as a result of the service provided, the Company may record net prepaid or accrued expense relating to these costs.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company generally grants stock options to its employees for a fixed number of shares with an exercise price equal to the fair value of the underlying shares at the date of grant. The Company accounts for stock option grants using the fair value method. The fair value of options is calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. For restricted stock units, fair value is based on the closing price of the Company’s Class A common stock on the grant date. Stock-based compensation is recognized as the underlying options vest using the straight-line attribution approach, and forfeitures are recorded as they occur.

Emerging Growth Company Status

The Company is an “emerging growth company,” (“EGC”) as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act, (“JOBS Act”), and may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not EGCs. The Company may take advantage of these exemptions until it is no longer an EGC under Section 107 of the JOBS Act, which provides that an EGC can take advantage of the extended transition period afforded by the JOBS Act for the implementation of new or revised accounting standards. The Company has elected to use the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards, and as a result of this election, the Company’s condensed financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with public company Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) standards’ effective dates. The Company may take advantage of these exemptions up until the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the IPO or such earlier time that the Company is no longer an EGC.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016 02 and subsequent amendments to the initial guidance under ASU 2017-13, ASU 2018-10, ASU 2018-11, and ASU 2019-01 (collectively, “Topic 842”), which modifies the accounting by lessees for all leases with a term greater than 12 months. This standard requires lessees to recognize on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those leases. The Company adopted the

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new lease accounting standard on January 1, 2022, using the modified retrospective transition method. The Company implemented processes, and internal controls to enable the preparation of financial information. The adoption of this standard had a material impact on the Company’s condensed balance sheet, with the recognition of right-of-use assets and corresponding lease liabilities in the amounts of $37.7 million and $67.1 million respectively, and the derecognition of approximately $10.9 million of deferred rent and $19.1 million of tenant improvement incentives. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed statements of operations or cash flows. The Company provided detailed right-of-use asset and liability disclosures as required by the new standard in the notes to the Company’s condensed financial statements under Note 8 Leases. The Company adopted the transitional provisions allowed under ASU 2018-11 and as such, the condensed balance sheets and condensed statements of operations for prior periods are not comparable in the year of adoption of ASU 2016-02.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (“Topic 326”): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments and subsequent amendments to the initial guidance under ASU 2018-19, ASU 2019-04, ASU 2019-05, ASU 2020-02, and ASU 2022-02 which amends the current approach to estimate credit losses on certain financial assets, including trade and other receivables. The amendment replaces the existing incurred loss impairment model with an expected loss methodology, which will result in more timely recognition of credit losses. For available-for-sale debt securities, credit losses should be recorded through an allowance for credit losses. Topic 326 is effective for the Company as of January 1, 2023. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that adopting this guidance prospectively will have on the financial statements, and does not expect the adoption to have a material impact on the financial statements.

3. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The fair value of the Company's assets and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under FASB ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, approximates their carrying value represented in the condensed balance sheets. The Company’s financial assets and liabilities subject to fair value measurements on a recurring basis and the level of inputs used for such measurements were as follows (in thousands):


	September 30, 2022
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Money market funds	$	9,890	$	—	$	—	$	9,890
Certificates of deposit		924		—		—		924
Corporate debt securities		—		2,981		—		2,981
U.S. Treasury securities		62,916		—		—		62,916
Total	$	73,730	$	2,981	$	—	$	76,711

	December 31, 2021
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Money market funds	$	90,251	$	—	$	—	$	90,251
Certificates of deposit		1,672		—		—		1,672
Corporate debt securities		—		6,089		—		6,089
U.S. Treasury securities		45,568		—		—		45,568
Total	$	137,491	$	6,089	$	—	$	143,580

The Company utilized the market approach and Level 1 valuation inputs to value its money market funds, certificates of deposit, and U.S. government treasury securities because published fair market values were readily available. The Company measured the fair value of corporate debt securities using Level 2 valuation inputs, which are

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based on quoted prices and market observable data of similar instruments. As of both September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the remaining contractual maturity of all marketable securities was less than two years.

4. Cash, Cash Equivalents and Investments

The fair value and the amortized cost of cash, cash equivalents and available-for-sale investments by major security type consist of the following (in thousands):


			Gross		Gross		Estimated		Cash and
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized		Fair		Cash		Short-term		Long-term
September 30, 2022	Cost		Gains		Losses		Value		Equivalents		Investment		Investment
Cash, cash equivalents and money market funds	$	18,904	$	—	$	—	$	18,904	$	18,904	$	—	$	—
Available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities		63,480		—		(564)		62,916		1,999		60,917		—
Corporate debt securities		2,991		—		(10)		2,981		—		2,981		—
Certificates of deposit		931		—		(7)		924		—		924		—
Total	$	86,306	$	—	$	(581)	$	85,725	$	20,903	$	64,822	$	—


			Gross		Gross		Estimated		Cash and
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized		Fair		Cash		Short-term		Long-term
December 31, 2021	Cost		Gains		Losses		Value		Equivalents		Investment		Investment
Cash, cash equivalents and money market funds	$	94,746	$	—	$	—	$	94,746	$	94,746	$	—	$	—
Available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities		45,665		—		(97)		45,568		—		15,014		30,554
Corporate debt securities		6,093		—		(4)		6,089		—		6,089		—
Certificates of deposit		1,673		—		(1)		1,672		—		1,184		488
Total	$	148,177	$	—	$	(102)	$	148,075	$	94,746	$	22,287	$	31,042

The Company evaluated the securities for other-than-temporary impairment and considered the decline in market value for the securities to be primarily attributable to current economic and market conditions. It is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the securities, and the Company has no intention to do so prior to the recovery of the amortized cost basis. Based on this analysis, these marketable securities were not considered to be other-than-temporarily impaired as of September 30, 2022.

5. Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following (in thousands):


	September 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Vendor prepayments and deposits	$	2,016	$	2,681
Prepaid insurance		1,557		1,531
Prepaid facility maintenance fee		330		807
Other receivables		2,985		—
Interest receivables and other current assets		162		318
Total prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	7,050	$	5,337

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6. Property and Equipment, net

Property and equipment, net consists of the following (in thousands):


	September 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Laboratory equipment	$	13,573	$	13,128
Furniture and fixtures		1,929		1,897
Computer hardware and software		1,540		1,433
Leasehold improvements		37,908		37,871
		55,065		54,329
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization		(15,395)		(11,314)
Total property and equipment, net	$	39,670	$	43,015

Depreciation and amortization expense was $1.4 million for each of the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively and $4.1 million and $3.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

7. Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses consist of the following (in thousands):


	September 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Compensation and related benefits	$	3,232	$	4,866
License fees		3,000		—
Contract research fees		2,408		5,521
Professional fees		185		189
Cease Use		—		475
Other		574		504
Total accrued expenses	$	9,399	$	11,555

8. Leases

The Company leases its office facilities under non-cancellable operating lease agreements that expire at various dates through April 2033. Under the terms of the leases, the Company is responsible for certain insurance, property taxes and maintenance expenses. The office facilities lease agreements contain scheduled increases over the lease term. The Company was not party to any finance leases as of September 30, 2022.

The Company vacated its former office space in September 2021, prior to the expiration of the lease in March 2022. The remaining rent payable, deferred rent and associated prepaid rent for the former office space were expensed in full on September 30, 2021 and resulted in a charge of $1.5 million, recorded as a general and administrative operating expense in the Company’s condensed statement of operations. The associated cease-use liability was settled by March 2022 and the lease was terminated.

The Company's future lease payments as of September 30, 2022, which are presented as current portion of operating lease liabilities, and operating lease liabilities, net of current portion on the Company's condensed balance sheets (in thousands, except weighted-average data) are as follows:

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	Operating
	Leases
Periods
2022 - remainder	$	1,870
2023		7,635
2024		7,846
2025		8,064
2026		8,288
Thereafter		57,290
Total lease payments	$	90,993
Less: imputed interest		(26,307)
Present value of lease liabilities	$	64,686

Lease liabilities, current		3,434
Lease liabilities, noncurrent		61,252
Total lease liabilities	$	64,686

Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years)		10.7
Weighted-average discount rate		6.64%

Lease expense under the Company’s operating leases was $1.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and $4.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. Variable lease expense for operating leases was $0.9 million and $2.6 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. Rent expense recognized under ASC 840, inclusive of operating and maintenance costs, was $3.0 million and $10.9 million during the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively.

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities for the three months ended September 30, 2022 was $1.9 million and the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $5.6 million.

Practical Expedients

Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the condensed balance sheets. The Company recognizes the lease expense for such leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The Company has elected to account for lease (e.g., fixed payments including rent) and non-lease components (e.g., common-area maintenance costs) as a single combined lease component under ASC 842 as the lease components are the predominant elements of the combined components.

As part of the transition to ASC 842, the Company elected to use the modified retrospective transition method with the new standard being applied as of the January 1, 2022 adoption date. Additionally, the Company has elected, as of the adoption date, not to reassess whether expired or existing contracts contain leases under the new definition of a lease, not to reassess the lease classification for expired or existing leases, and not to reassess whether previously capitalized initial direct costs would qualify for capitalization under ASC 842.

9. Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation

The Company is not aware of any asserted or unasserted claims against it where it believes that an unfavorable resolution would have an adverse material impact on the operations or financial position of the Company.

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10. Reorganization and Other Charges

On June 1, 2022, the Company implemented and announced a corporate reorganization of its operations. In connection with the reorganization, the Company undertook a workforce reduction and recorded severance and employee benefits charges of $0.7 million to operating expenses in the quarter ending June 30, 2022.

As of September 30, 2022, there was no outstanding liability related to severance and employee benefit charges and does not expect to incur any material additional costs related to the reorganization.

11. Capital Stock

Class A and Class B Common Stock

On June 2, 2019, the board of directors of the Company authorized the issuance of 650,000,000 shares of Class A common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, 50,000,000 shares of Class B common stock, $0.0001 par value per share and 300,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.0001 par value per share, upon the filing of the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation in connection with the reverse stock split. Each holder of Class A common stock is entitled to one vote and each holder of Class B common stock is not entitled to vote except as may be required by law and shall not be entitled to vote on the election of directors at any time.

Sales Agreement

In August 2020, the Company entered into a sales agreement (“Sales Agreement”) with Cowen and Company, LLC (“Cowen”), pursuant to which the Company may, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth therein, issue and sell through Cowen, acting as the Company’s sales agent and/or principal, shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, having an aggregate offering price of up to $100.0 million (the “ATM Shares”). The Company has no obligations to sell any ATM Shares under the Sales Agreement. The Sales Agreement provides that Cowen will be entitled to compensation for its services in an amount equal to up to 3.0% of gross proceeds for each time we issue and sell ATM Shares under the Sales Agreement. The ATM Shares will be sold based on prevailing market prices at the time of the sale, and, as a result, prices may vary. Unless otherwise terminated earlier, the Sales Agreement continues until all shares available under the Sales Agreement have been sold. As of September 30, 2022, the Company issued and sold 1,493,361 shares of its Class A common stock. Net proceeds from the sales were $7.9 million after deducting underwriting fees of $0.3 million and issuance costs of $0.3 million.

12. Equity Incentive Plans

2019 Equity Incentive Plan

The Company’s board of directors adopted and our stockholders approved our 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2019 Plan”) on June 2, 2019, and June 7, 2019, respectively. The 2019 Plan became effective on June 19, 2019, and no further grants will be made under the Company’s 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2010 Plan”). The purpose of the 2019 Plan, through the grant of stock awards including stock options and other stock-based awards, including restricted stock units (“RSUs”), is to help the Company secure and retain the services of eligible award recipients, provide incentives for such persons to exert maximum efforts for our success and that of the Company’s affiliates, and provide a means by which the eligible recipients may benefit from increases in the value of the Company’s Class A common stock.

Stock Option Repricing

Effective June 13, 2022, the Company’s board of directors approved a one-time repricing of previously granted and outstanding vested and unvested stock options with exercise prices greater than or equal to $9.00 per share under the

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2010 Plan and the 2019 Plan held by eligible employees. As a result, the exercise price for these awards was modified to $1.845 per share, which was the closing price of the Company’s Class A common stock as reported on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on June 13, 2022. No other terms of the repriced stock options were modified, and the repriced stock options will continue to vest according to their original vesting schedules and will retain their original expiration dates. As a result of the repricing, 3,606,163 vested and unvested stock options outstanding as of June 13, 2022 with original exercise prices ranging from $9.87 to $22.10, were repriced.

The repricing resulted in incremental stock-based compensation expense of $2.5 million, of which $0.2 million was expensed during the three months ended September 30, 2022, and $1.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022. Remaining $0.8 million related to unvested stock option awards will be amortized on a straight-line basis over the weighted-average vesting period of those awards of approximately 1.2 years.

Stock Options

Stock option activity under the 2019 Plan and the 2010 Plan is as follow:


	Options Outstanding
				Weighted-
				Average	Aggregate
		Weighted-		Remaining	Intrinsic
	Number	Average		Contractual	Value
	of Shares	Exercise Price		Life (years)	(in thousands)
Balances, December 31, 2021	7,162,676	$	11.25	8.2	$	21
Granted	404,700		1.93
Exercised	(16,666)		4.56
Cancelled	(727,692)		8.69
Balances, September 30, 2022	6,823,018	$	3.79	7.5	$	8
Vested and expected to vest at September 30, 2022	6,823,018	$	3.79	7.5	$	8
Exercisable at September 30, 2022	4,252,602	$	4.32	6.8	$	8
Vested at September 30, 2022	4,252,602	$	4.32	6.8	$	8

The weighted-average exercise price, weighted-average remaining contractual life and aggregate intrinsic value as of September 30, 2022 reflect the impact of the stock option repricing discussed above. The weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 was $1.28 and $9.85, respectively. The fair value of each option is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, assuming no expected dividends and the following weighted average assumptions:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Expected life (in years)	—		6.01		5.88		5.97
Volatility	—	%	90.0	%	85.9	%	91.4	%
Risk-free interest rate	—	%	1.0	%	3.2	%	0.6	%

There were no option grants during the three months ended September 30, 2022.

Expected volatility is based on volatilities of public peer companies operating in the Company’s industry. The expected life of the options is estimated using the simplified method detailed in SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107. The simplified method calculates the expected term as the mid-point between the weighted-average time to vesting and the contractual maturity. The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. The Company has elected to account for forfeitures as they occur, rather than estimate expected forfeitures.

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Restricted Stock Units

The 2019 Plan provides for the issuance of RSUs to employees, directors and consultants. RSUs vest over a period of two years with 50% vesting on the one year anniversary of the award and the remainder vesting on the two year anniversary of the award.

The following table summarizes RSU activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2022:


		Weighted-Average
	Number	Grant Date
	of Shares	Fair Value per RSU
Unvested Balances, December 31, 2021	867,730	$	6.15
RSUs Vested	(384,390)		6.15
RSUs Cancelled	(130,720)		6.15
Unvested Balances, September 30, 2022	352,620	$	6.15

2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The Company’s board of directors adopted the 2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) on June 2, 2019, and the Company’s stockholders approved the ESPP on June 7, 2019. During the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the expense related to the ESPP was $0.2 million in both periods. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the expense related to the ESPP was $0.7 million and $0.6 million, respectively. The fair value of each ESPP is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, assuming no expected dividends and the following range of assumptions:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Expected life (in years)	0.5 - 2.0		0.5 - 2.0		0.5 - 2.0		0.5 - 2.0
Volatility	88.0 - 96.7	%	91.1 - 98.5	%	79.0 - 96.7	%	91.1 - 107.6	%
Risk-free interest rate	3.3 - 3.5	%	0.1 - 0.2	%	0.6 - 3.5	%	0.1 - 0.2	%

The Company recognized $3.9 million of stock-based compensation expense related to the 2019 Plan, 2010 Plan, and ESPP for each of the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The Company recognized $13.7 million and $12.1 million of stock-based compensation expense related to the 2019 Plan, 2010 Plan, and ESPP for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The compensation expense is allocated on a departmental basis, based on the classification of the option holder, as follows (in thousands):

BCEL