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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2022
OR
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from to
Commission file number 001-40046
Core Scientific, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
86-1243837
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
210 Barton Springs Road
Suite 300
Austin, Texas
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
78704
(Zip Code)
(512) 402-5233
Registrant's telephone number, including area code
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
Trading Symbol(s)
Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, par value $0.0001 per share
CORZ
The Nasdaq Global Select Market
Warrants, exercisable for shares of common stock
CORZW
The Nasdaq Global Select Market
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports); and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer
Accelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer
Smaller reporting company
Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes No
Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share
Shares Outstanding as of November 14, 2022
374,527,988


TABLE OF CONTENTS
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2

Part I - Financial Information
Item 1. Financial Statements
3

Core Scientific, Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except par value)
September 30,
2022
December 31,
2021
Assets (Unaudited)
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 29,546  $ 117,871 
Restricted cash 8,098  13,807 
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $5,943 and $—, respectively
2,176  1,382 
Accounts receivable from related parties 895  300 
Deposits for equipment 97,678  358,791 
Digital assets 19,663  234,298 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 55,515  30,111 
Total Current Assets 213,571  756,560 
Property, plant and equipment, net 1,156,369  597,304 
Goodwill —  1,055,760 
Intangible assets, net 1,400  8,195 
Other noncurrent assets 32,661  21,045 
Total Assets $ 1,404,001  $ 2,438,864 
Liabilities, Redeemable Preferred Stock and Stockholders’ Equity
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable $ 43,613  $ 11,617 
Accrued expenses and other 102,213  67,862 
Deferred revenue 80,268  63,417 
Deferred revenue from related parties 6,981  72,945 
Derivative warrant liabilities 5,287  — 
Finance lease liabilities, current portion 73,045  28,452 
Notes payable, current portion (includes $682,831 and $— at fair value)
977,600  75,996 
Total Current Liabilities 1,289,007  320,289 
Finance lease liabilities, net of current portion —  62,145 
Notes payable, net of current portion (includes $— and $557,007 at fair value)
—  652,213 
Other noncurrent liabilities 41,967  18,531 
Total Liabilities 1,330,974  1,053,178 
Contingently redeemable convertible preferred stock; $0.0001 par value; 2,000,000 shares authorized; — and 10,826 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively; $— and $45,164 total liquidation preference at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively
—  44,476 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)
Stockholders’ Equity:
Common stock; $0.0001 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized at both September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021; 364,710 and 271,576 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively
36  27 
Additional paid-in capital 1,739,282  1,379,581 
Accumulated deficit (1,738,903) (27,432)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) 72,612  (10,966)
Total Stockholders’ Equity 73,027  1,341,210 
Total Liabilities, Redeemable Preferred Stock and Stockholders’ Equity $ 1,404,001  $ 2,438,864 
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.
4

Core Scientific, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2022 2021 2022 2021
Revenue:
Hosting revenue from customers $ 35,731  $ 17,585  $ 94,407  $ 37,836 
Hosting revenue from related parties
9,185  2,903  22,659  13,906 
Equipment sales to customers
7,468  23,879  11,391  84,378 
Equipment sales to related parties
29,693  11,654  67,269  29,057 
Digital asset mining revenue
80,495  57,118  323,337  77,511 
Total revenue
162,572  113,139  519,063  242,688 
Cost of revenue:
Cost of hosting services 44,975  19,577  119,850  48,956 
Cost of equipment sales 27,917  24,997  63,993  82,328 
Cost of digital asset mining 116,756  10,141  279,576  13,909 
Total cost of revenue
189,648  54,715  463,419  145,193 
Gross (loss) profit
(27,076) 58,424  55,644  97,495 
Loss on legal settlement
—  (2,603) —  (2,603)
Gain from sales of digital assets
11,036  391  25,007  405 
Impairment of digital assets (7,986) (12,552) (212,184) (12,552)
Impairment of goodwill and other intangibles (268,512) —  (1,059,265) — 
Impairment of property, plant and equipment (59,259) —  (59,259) — 
Losses on exchange or disposal of property, plant and equipment —  —  (13,057) (17)
Operating expenses:
Research and development
6,192  1,586  24,305  4,231 
Sales and marketing
39  932  11,675  2,186 
General and administrative
43,346  36,358  174,380  46,975 
Total operating expenses
49,577  38,876  210,360  53,392 
Operating (loss) income
(401,374) 4,784  (1,473,474) 29,336 
Non-operating expenses, net:
Loss on debt extinguishment
—  —  —  8,016 
Interest expense, net
25,942  13,569  74,734  26,550 
Fair value adjustment on convertible notes (4,123) 8,663  186,853  8,663 
Fair value adjustment on derivative warrant liabilities (521) —  (32,985) — 
Other non-operating expenses (income), net
1,478  (4) 4,997  (2)
Total non-operating expenses, net
22,776  22,228  233,599  43,227 
Loss before income taxes
(424,150) (17,444) (1,707,073) (13,891)
Income tax expense (benefit)
10,642  (815) 4,398  (697)
Net loss
$ (434,792) $ (16,629) $ (1,711,471) $ (13,194)
Net loss per share (Note 14):
Basic
$ (1.23) $ (0.07) $ (5.38) $ (0.07)
Diluted
$ (1.23) $ (0.07) $ (5.38) $ (0.07)
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic
354,195  236,951  318,169  184,790 
Diluted
354,195  236,951  318,169  184,790 
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.
5

Core Scientific, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2022 2021 2022 2021
Net loss
$ (434,792) $ (16,629) $ (1,711,471) $ (13,194)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes:
Change in fair value attributable to instrument-specific credit risk of convertible notes measured at fair value under the fair value option, net of tax effect of $—, $—, $— and $—
47,832  (8,552) 83,578  (8,552)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes
47,832  (8,552) 83,578  (8,552)
Comprehensive loss
$ (386,960) $ (25,181) $ (1,627,893) $ (21,746)
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.


6

Core Scientific, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Contingently Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders’ Equity
(in thousands)
(Unaudited)
Contingently Redeemable
Convertible Preferred
Stock
Common Stock Additional
Paid-In Capital
Accumulated
Deficit
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Total
Stockholders’
Equity
Shares Amount Shares Amount
Balance at June 30, 2022 —  —  353,481  35  1,695,748  (1,304,111) 24,780  416,452 
Net loss —  —  —  —  —  (434,792) —  (434,792)
Other comprehensive income —  —  —  —  —  —  47,832  47,832 
Stock-based compensation —  —  —  —  29,884  —  —  29,884 
Issuance of common stock - restricted stock and restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for tax withholding obligations —  —  4,897  —  (2,349) —  —  (2,349)
Restricted stock awards cancelled upon forfeiture —  —  (2,268) —  —  —  —  — 
Issuances of common stock - equity line of credit —  —  7,315  13,039  —  —  13,040 
Issuances of common stock - financing transaction fees —  —  1,285  —  2,960  —  —  2,960 
Balance at September 30, 2022 —  —  364,710  36  1,739,282  (1,738,903) 72,612  73,027 
Balance at December 31, 2021 10,826  44,476  271,576  27  1,379,581  (27,432) (10,966) 1,341,210 
Net loss —  —  —  —  —  (1,711,471) —  (1,711,471)
Other comprehensive income —  —  —  —  —  —  83,578  83,578 
Stock-based compensation —  —  —  —  165,949  —  —  165,949 
Issuance of common stock - employee stock options —  —  1,321  —  3,846  —  —  3,846 
Issuance of common stock - restricted stock and restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for tax withholding obligations —  —  39,099  (31,630) —  —  (31,626)
Restricted stock awards cancelled upon forfeiture —  —  (2,268) —  —  —  —  — 
Issuance of common stock - exercise of convertible notes —  —  197  —  1,574  —  —  1,574 
Issuance of common stock - exercise of warrants —  —  3,001  —  —  —  —  — 
Issuances of common stock - equity line of credit —  —  7,315  13,039  —  —  13,040 
Conversion of contingently redeemable preferred stock to common stock (10,826) (44,476) 10,826  44,475  —  —  44,476 
Issuances of common stock - Merger with XPDI —  —  30,778  163,456  —  —  163,459 
Issuances of common stock - financing transaction fees —  —  1,285  —  2,960  —  —  2,960 
Issuances of common stock - vendor settlement —  —  1,580  —  12,674  —  —  12,674 
Costs attributable to issuance of common stock and equity instruments - Merger with XPDI —  —  —  —  (16,642) —  —  (16,642)
Balance at September 30, 2022 —  —  364,710  36  1,739,282  (1,738,903) 72,612  73,027 
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.
7

Core Scientific, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Contingently Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders’ Equity
(in thousands)
(Unaudited)

  Contingently Redeemable
Convertible Preferred
Stock
Common Stock Additional
Paid-In Capital
Accumulated
Deficit
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Total
Stockholders’
Equity
  Shares Amount Shares Amount
Balance at June 30, 2021 10,826  44,476  157,826  16  167,172  (71,309) —  95,879 
Net loss —  —  —  —  —  (16,629) —  (16,629)
Other comprehensive loss —  —  —  —  —  —  (8,552) (8,552)
Stock-based compensation —  —  (40) —  28,288  —  —  28,288 
Issuances of common stock - business combination —  —  115,508  1,189,906  —  —  1,189,907 
Balance at September 30, 2021
10,826  44,476  273,334  17  1,385,366  (87,938) (8,552) 1,288,893 
Balance at December 31, 2020
6,766  $ 44,476  98,607  $ $ 163,967  $ (74,744) $ —  $ 89,224 
Retroactive application of the recapitalization 4,060  —  59,179  15  (15) —  —  — 
Balance at December 31, 2020, as adjusted 10,826  44,476  157,786  16  163,952  (74,744) —  89,224 
Net loss —  —  —  —  —  (13,194) —  (13,194)
Other comprehensive loss —  —  —  —  —  —  (8,552) (8,552)
Stock-based compensation —  —  —  —  31,012  —  —  31,012 
Issuances of common stock - business combination —  —  115,508  1,189,906  —  —  1,189,907 
Issuances of common stock - warrants and options —  —  40  —  496  —  —  496 
Balance at September 30, 2021
10,826  44,476  273,334  17  1,385,366  (87,938) (8,552) 1,288,893 
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.
8

Core Scientific, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)
(Unaudited)
Nine Months Ended September 30,
2022 2021
Cash flows from Operating Activities:
Net loss
$ (1,711,471) $ (13,194)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization 156,544  12,886 
Amortization of operating lease right-of-use assets 424  — 
Stock-based compensation 166,548  31,012 
Digital asset mining revenue (323,337) (77,511)
Deferred income taxes 3,434  3,604 
Loss on legal settlement
—  2,603 
Gain on sale of intangible assets (5,904) — 
Loss on debt extinguishment
—  8,016 
Fair value adjustment on derivative warrant liabilities (32,985) — 
Fair value adjustment on convertible notes 210,968  15,937 
Fair value adjustment on other liabilities 9,498  — 
Equity line of credit expenses 1,431  — 
Amortization of debt discount and debt issuance costs 6,172  1,024 
Losses on exchange or disposal of property, plant and equipment
13,057  17 
Impairment of digital assets 212,184  12,552 
Impairment of goodwill, other intangibles and property, plant and equipment 1,118,524  — 
Provision for doubtful accounts 5,943  — 
Changes in working capital components:
Accounts receivable, net (6,737) (6,641)
Accounts receivable from related parties (595) 55 
Digital assets 325,787  27,316 
Deposits for equipment for sales to customers (66,932) (414,771)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 53,832  970 
Accounts payable 2,954  (35,132)
Accrued expenses and other (241) 17,945 
Deferred revenue 22,251  36,226 
Deferred revenue from related parties (65,954) 218,304 
Other noncurrent assets and liabilities, net (6,194) (7,692)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 89,201  (166,474)
Cash flows from Investing Activities:
Purchases of property, plant and equipment (243,755) (116,074)
Cash acquired in acquisition —  704 
Deposits for self-mining equipment (217,677) — 
Proceeds from sale of intangibles 10,850  — 
Other (719) (154)
Net cash used in investing activities (451,301) (115,524)
Cash flows from Financing Activities:
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of transaction costs 210,534  496 
Proceeds from debt, net of issuance costs 216,182  475,301 
Repurchase of common shares to pay employee withholding taxes (31,627) — 
Principal repayments of finance leases (28,070) — 
Principal payments on debt (98,953) (42,513)
Net cash provided by financing activities 268,066  433,284 
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (94,034) 151,286 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash—beginning of period 131,678  8,721 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash—end of period $ 37,644  $ 160,007 
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.
9

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
1. ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
MineCo Holdings, Inc. was incorporated on December 13, 2017 in the State of Delaware and changed its name to Core Scientific, Inc. (“Legacy Core Scientific”) pursuant to an amendment to its Certificate of Incorporation dated June 12, 2018. On August 17, 2020 Legacy Core Scientific engaged in a holdco restructuring to facilitate a borrowing arrangement by Legacy Core Scientific pursuant to which Legacy Core Scientific was merged with and into a wholly owned subsidiary of Core Scientific Holding Co. and became a wholly owned subsidiary of Core Scientific Holding Co. and the stockholders of Legacy Core Scientific became the stockholders of Core Scientific Holding Co. Following the approval at the special meeting of the stockholders of XPDI held on January 19, 2022, on January 19, 2022, Core Scientific Holding Co. merged with Power & Digital Infrastructure Acquisition Corp., a Delaware corporation (“XPDI”), and XPDI Merger Sub Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of XPDI (“Merger Sub”), consummated the transactions contemplated under the merger agreement. In connection with the closing of the merger, XPDI changed its name from Power & Digital Infrastructure Acquisition Corp. to Core Scientific, Inc. (“Core Scientific” or the “Company”). The Company, headquartered in Austin, Texas, is an infrastructure, technology and services company that conducts, or plans to conduct, the following business activities:
Owning and operating computer equipment used to process transactions conducted on one or more blockchain networks in exchange for digital currency assets and transaction processing fees awarded in digital currency assets, commonly referred to as mining;
Owning and operating datacenter facilities in the U.S. to provide colocation and hosting services for distributed ledger technology, also commonly known as blockchain;
Developing blockchain-based platforms and applications, including infrastructure management, security technologies, mining optimization, and recordkeeping;
Merger Agreement
In 2021, XPDI entered into that certain Agreement and Plan of Reorganization and Merger, dated as of July 20, 2021, as amended on October 1, 2021, and as further amended on December 29, 2021, by and among Core Scientific Holding Co., XPDI Merger Sub and XPDI (the “Merger Agreement”). XPDI’s stockholders approved the transactions (collectively, the “Merger”) contemplated by the Merger Agreement at a special meeting of stockholders held on January 19, 2022 (the “Special Meeting”).
Pursuant to the terms of (a) the Merger Agreement and (b) that certain Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of October 1, 2021, as amended on January 14, 2022, by and among XPDI, Core Scientific Holding Co., XPDI Merger Sub 3, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and wholly owned subsidiary of XPDI (“Merger Sub 3”), and Blockcap, Inc., a Nevada corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of Core Scientific (“Blockcap”), the Merger was effected by (i) the merger of Merger Sub with and into Core Scientific (the “First Merger”), which occurred on January 19, 2022 (the “Closing Date”), with Core Scientific surviving the First Merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of XPDI, (ii) the merger of Core Scientific with and into XPDI (the “Second Merger”), which occurred on January 20, 2022, with XPDI surviving the Second Merger, and (iii) following the closing of the Second Merger on January 20, 2022, the merger of Blockcap with and into Merger Sub 3 (the “Third Merger”), with Merger Sub 3 surviving the Third Merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of XPDI under the name “Core Scientific Acquired Mining LLC.” Immediately prior to the effective time of the First Merger (such effective time of the First Merger, the “Effective Time”), XPDI filed a Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Post-Combination Charter”) with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware pursuant to which XPDI changed its name from “Power & Digital Infrastructure Acquisition Corp.” to “Core Scientific, Inc.” (hereinafter referred to as the “Company” or “New Core”) and redesignated its Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“XPDI Class A Common Stock”), and Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“XPDI Class B Common Stock”), as common stock, par value $0.0001, of the Company (“New Core Common Stock”). The Exchange Ratio (as defined in the Merger Agreement) was 1.6001528688 of a share of New Core Common Stock per fully-diluted share of Core Scientific Common Stock.
In connection with the Special Meeting and the Merger, holders of 12.3 million of the 34.5 million then-outstanding shares of Class A common stock of XPDI exercised their right to redeem their shares for cash at a redemption price of approximately $10.00 per share, for an aggregate redemption amount of $123.5 million.
10

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

The Merger provided gross proceeds of approximately $221.6 million from the XPDI trust account, resulting in approximately $195.0 million in net cash proceeds to Core Scientific, after the payment of transaction expenses, which is presented within proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of transaction costs on the consolidated statements of cash flows. Following the Merger, former Core Scientific stockholders owned 90.7%, former XPDI public stockholders owned 6.7% and XPDI’s sponsor owned 2.6% of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock, respectively, of the Company, excluding the impact of unvested restricted stock units and options. The proceeds from the Merger were used to fund mining equipment purchases and infrastructure build-out.
The Merger is accounted for as a reverse recapitalization with the Company being the accounting acquirer. A reverse recapitalization does not result in a new basis of accounting. Accordingly, the reverse recapitalization was treated as the equivalent of Core Scientific Holding Co. issuing stock for the net assets of XPDI, accompanied by a recapitalization. The net assets of XPDI are stated at historical costs, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. The Company identified $18.6 million of direct and incremental transaction costs, which consist of legal, accounting, and other professional services directly related to the Merger, of which $10.7 million were recorded in other noncurrent assets on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2021 and the remaining $7.9 million were recognized in the nine months ended September 30, 2022. These transaction costs have been allocated to all instruments assumed or issued in the merger on a relative fair value basis as of the date of the merger. Transaction costs of $16.6 million have been allocated to equity-classified instruments and recognized as an adjustment to additional paid-in capital within total stockholders’ equity. The cash outflows related to these costs have been netted against the proceeds from the issuance of common stock upon the Merger with XPDI within financing activities on the Company’s consolidated statement of cash flows. Transaction costs of $2.0 million have been allocated to liability-classified instruments that are measured at fair value through earnings and have been recognized as a charge within general and administrative expenses in the nine months ended September 30, 2022.
Immediately prior to the Effective Time, each share of Series A convertible preferred stock, par value $0.00001, of Core Scientific automatically converted into one share of Core Scientific common stock, par value $0.00001 per share (“Core Scientific Common Stock”), and each share of Series B convertible preferred stock, par value $0.00001, of Core Scientific automatically converted into one share of Core Scientific Common Stock.
In addition, immediately prior to the Effective Time, each share of XPDI Class B Common Stock automatically converted into one share of New Core Common Stock. 1.7 million shares (“SPAC Vesting Shares”) are subject to vesting conditions, and will vest i) upon the date on which New Core Common Stock’s volume-weighted average price is greater than $12.50 per share for any 20 trading days within any 30 consecutive trading day period within five years of the Closing Date or ii) upon any Company Sale that is consummated within five years of the Closing Date that results in the holders of the Company’s common stock receiving a Company Sale Price equal to or in excess of $12.50 per share. A Company Sale means any change in control of the Company, or a sale of substantially all of the Company’s assets that results in a change in control. Company Sale Price means the price per share paid to holders of common stock in a Company Sale.
As a result of the Merger, all of XPDI’s Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock automatically converted into shares of New Core Common Stock on a one-for-one basis. XPDI’s 8.6 million public warrants issued in its initial public offering (the “Public Warrants”) and 6.3 million warrants issued in connection with private placement at the time of XPDI’s initial public offering (the “Private Placement Warrants”) became warrants for New Core Common Stock.
All share-based compensation awards were converted into comparable equity awards that are settled or exercisable for shares of New Core Common Stock. As a result, each stock option and warrant was converted into an option or warrant to purchase shares New Core Common Stock based on an exchange ratio of 1.6001528688. Each award of the Company’s restricted stock units (“RSUs”) was converted into RSUs of New Core based on an exchange ratio of 1.6001528688.
Each convertible note is convertible into New Core Common Stock in accordance with the terms of such convertible promissory note; provided, however, that with respect to outstanding convertible promissory notes for which Core Scientific received a duly executed exercise of conversion in accordance with such convertible promissory note, exercising the right of such holder to convert such convertible promissory note subject to and conditioned upon the occurrence of the Effective Time, the outstanding principal amount and accrued interest as of the Effective Time with respect to such convertible promissory note was converted into shares of New Core Common Stock, equal to the product (rounded down to the nearest whole number) of (i) the number of shares of Core Scientific Common Stock issuable upon the conversion of such convertible promissory note in accordance with such convertible promissory note immediately prior to the Effective Time and (ii) the Exchange Ratio.
11

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The accompanying consolidated financial statements reflect the application of certain significant accounting policies as described below and elsewhere in these notes to the consolidated financial statements.
Basis of Presentation
We have prepared the accompanying consolidated financial statements pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) for interim financial reporting. These consolidated financial statements are unaudited and, in our opinion, include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments and accruals necessary for a fair presentation of our consolidated cash flows, operating results, and balance sheets for the periods presented. Operating results for the periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for 2022. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) have been omitted in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included as an exhibit to the amendment to the Current Report on Form 8-K/A, which was filed with the SEC on March 31, 2022.

Going Concern

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis. For the three months ended September 30, 2022, the Company generated a net loss of $434.8 million and used cash in operating activities of $52.1 million. The Company had unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of $29.5 million as of September 30, 2022 compared to $128.5 million as of June 30, 2022. The decrease in cash and cash equivalents for the three months ended September 30, 2022 primarily reflected $52.1 million of cash used in operating activities (including $15.5 million of interest payments on debt), $5.7 million of cash used in investing activities (including $5.2 million of purchases of property, plant and equipment) and $45.1 million of cash used in financing activities (including $49.5 million of principal payments on debt). The Company has historically generated cash primarily from the issuance of common stock and debt, through sales of digital currency assets received as digital asset mining revenue and from operations through contracts with customers.

During the three months ended September 30, 2022, the average price of bitcoin declined to $21,324 compared to $32,502 for the three months ended June 30, 2022, which reduced digital asset mining revenue to $80.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to $109.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022. At the same time the Company’s power costs in its Mining Segment increased to $47.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to $32.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, reflecting increases in both power usage and power rates. These factors contributed to the Company’s gross loss of $27.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to a gross profit of $12.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022. Additionally, during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 the Company had $217.7 million of deposits paid for blockchain computing equipment and $243.8 million paid for purchases of property, plant and equipment used towards construction projects which has contributed to the Company’s significant indebtedness, including notes payable with a carrying value of $977.6 million as of September 30, 2022 and finance lease liabilities with a carrying value of $73.0 million as of September 30, 2022. In addition, as discussed in Note 10, in July 2022, one of the Company’s largest customers filed for voluntary relief under chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code. As a result of these and other factors, the Company will require additional liquidity to continue its operations through November 2023. However, the ability to raise funds through financing and capital market transactions is subject to many risks and uncertainties and current market conditions have reduced the availability of these capital and liquidity sources. The Company anticipates that existing cash resources will be depleted by the end of 2022 or sooner. Given the uncertainty regarding the Company’s financial condition, substantial doubt exists about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern through November 2023.

Management has been actively taking steps to decrease operating costs, eliminate and delay construction expenses, reduce and delay capital expenditures and increase hosting revenues. In addition, in October 2022 the Company determined not to make certain payments with respect to several of its debt facilities, equipment financing facilities and leases and other financings, including its two bridge promissory notes. As a result, the creditors under these debt facilities may exercise remedies following any applicable grace periods, including electing to accelerate the principal amount of such debt, suing the Company for nonpayment, increasing interest rates to default rates, or taking action with respect to collateral, where applicable. The Company does not believe that it was in default under any of its debt agreements as of September 30, 2022.

12

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

In light of the foregoing, the Company is in the process of exploring a number of potential strategic alternatives with respect to the Company’s capital structure, including hiring strategic advisers, raising additional capital or restructuring its existing capital structure. Specifically, the Company has engaged Weil, Gotshal & Manges LLP, as legal advisers, and PJT Partners LP, as financial advisers, to assist the Company in analyzing and evaluating potential strategic alternatives and initiatives to improve liquidity. The Company and its advisers have begun to engage in discussions with certain of its creditors regarding these initiatives. The Company expects these activities will continue and intensify. Among possible alternatives, the Company may explore liability management transactions, including exchanging its existing debt for equity or additional debt, which transactions may be dilutive to holders of the Company’s common stock. These discussions may not result in any agreement on commercially acceptable terms or at all. Furthermore, the Company may seek alternative sources of equity or debt financing, evaluate potential asset sales, and potentially could seek relief under the applicable bankruptcy or insolvency laws.

The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to the carrying amounts and classification of assets, liabilities, and reported expenses that may be necessary if the Company were unable to continue as a going concern.
Use of Estimates
The consolidated assets, liabilities and results of operations prior to the reverse recapitalization are those of Core Scientific Holding Co. The outstanding shares and corresponding capital amounts, and losses per share, prior to the reverse recapitalization, have been retroactively adjusted in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 805, Business Combinations.
The preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period. Some of the more significant estimates include assumptions used to estimate its ability to continue as a going concern, the valuation of the Company’s common shares and the determination of the grant date fair value of stock-based compensation awards for periods prior to the Merger, the valuation of goodwill, intangibles and property, plant and equipment, the fair value of convertible debt, acquisition purchase price accounting, and income taxes. These estimates are based on information available as of the date of the financial statements; therefore, actual results could differ from management’s estimates.
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash
Cash and cash equivalents include all cash balances and highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less from the date of acquisition. As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, cash equivalents included $2.1 million and $100.0 million of highly liquid money market funds, respectively, which are classified as Level 1 within the fair value hierarchy. Restricted cash consists of cash held in escrow to pay for construction and development activities.
The following table provides a reconciliation of the amount of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheets to the total of the same amount shown in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (in thousands):
September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Cash and cash equivalents
$ 29,546  $ 117,871 
Restricted cash
8,098  13,807 
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
$ 37,644  $ 131,678 
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net
Property, plant and equipment includes land, buildings and improvements for datacenter facilities and leasehold improvements for the Company’s corporate headquarters. Property and equipment consists of computer, mining, network, electrical and other equipment, including right-of-use assets under finance leases. Property, plant and equipment, net is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Leasehold improvements are capitalized at cost and amortized over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or the lease term. Property, plant and equipment, net included construction in progress of $161.5 million and $42.6 million as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

Subsequent to January 1, 2022, future obligations related to finance leases are presented as Finance lease liabilities, current portion and Finance lease liabilities, net of current portion in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. Finance lease right-of-use
13

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

assets are included within Property and equipment, net on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Depreciation expense, including amortization of right-of-use assets held under finance leases, is primarily included in cost of revenue in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.
Prior to January 1, 2022, future obligations related to capital leases accounted for under ASC 840, Leases, are presented as Finance lease liabilities, current portion and Finance lease liabilities, net of current portion on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. Capital lease assets for those periods are included within Property and equipment, net on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amortization of capital lease assets for periods prior to January 1, 2022 is primarily included in cost of revenue in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.
Self-mining computer equipment that is subsequently contracted for sale to customers is valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with any write-down recognized as cost of equipment sales in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Long-Lived Asset Impairments
The Company tests long-lived asset groups for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances have occurred that may affect the recoverability or the estimated useful lives of long-lived assets. Long-lived assets include property, plant and equipment and intangible assets subject to amortization. A long-lived asset may be impaired when the estimated future undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the asset. If that comparison indicates that the asset’s carrying value may not be recoverable, the impairment is measured based on the difference between the carrying amount and the estimated fair value of the asset. This evaluation is performed at the lowest level for which separately identifiable cash flows exist, which for the Company is the hosting and mining gross margins it earns at each of its data center facility sites. Long-lived assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or estimated fair value less costs to sell.
During the three months ended September 30, 2022, the Company’s operating performance and liquidity continued to be severely impacted by the prolonged decrease in the price of bitcoin, the increase in electricity costs, the increase in the global bitcoin network hash rate and an increase in additional operating costs related to these factors. Additionally, primary and secondary market prices for ASIC miners of the type used by the Company in its business operations have decreased significantly from previous levels, including those acquired earlier in 2022.
Accordingly, the Company evaluated whether the estimated future undiscounted cash flows from the operation of its data center facilities would recover the carrying value of the property, plant and equipment located at the sites and used in site operations, including the Company’s deployed mining equipment. Based on this evaluation, the Company determined that the carrying value of the property, plant and equipment at the Cedarvale, TX facility site may no longer be fully recoverable by the cash flows of the site. The Company measured the amount of impairment at the Cedarvale, TX facility site as the difference between the carrying amount of the site asset group of $119.8 million and the estimated fair value of the site asset group of $60.5 million, resulting in an impairment of the facility site’s property, plant and equipment of $59.3 million for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022.
The Company’s analysis involved the use of a combination and corroboration of cost and market approaches. The cost approach has been used to estimate the fair value of buildings, improvements, electrical equipment and other tangible assets used in combination with other assets. Significant assumptions used in the cost approach include reproduction and replacement costs, useful service live, and orderly liquidation values. The cost approach utilizes useful service life and other estimates developed by the Company to determine fair value, which are unobservable Level 3 inputs. The market approach has been used to estimate the fair value of the Company’s ASIC miners, network equipment, and real estate, and to corroborate certain estimates using the cost approach. Valuations using the market approach are derived from manufacturer and secondary market pricing sources and, when available, comparable secondary market transactions. Significant judgment in using the market approach includes the selection of comparable assets based on ASIC model efficiency and hash rate, a selection of and modifications to transactions according to comparable use, size, geography and other traits, and the use of broker indications of relative market price metrics. The market approach utilizes comparable use, relative efficiency and other estimates developed by the Company to determine fair value, which are unobservable Level 3 inputs. Unobservable Level 3 inputs are used to measure fair value to the extent that relevant observable inputs are not available. The Company developed its estimates using the best information available at the time. Changes in management’s estimates or any of its other assumptions used in its analysis could result in a different conclusion. Continued elevated power costs, continued increases in the bitcoin network hash rate and a continuing depression or further decrease of bitcoin’s value in the market could result in further impairment of the Company’s property, plant and equipment.
Subsequent to September 30, 2022, the Company relocated its approximately 7,600 self-miners from Cedarvale, TX to other of the Company’s data center facilities. There were no hosting customer miners at Cedarvale, TX as of September 30, 2022.
14

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Derivative Warrant Liabilities

The Company does not use derivative instruments to hedge exposures to cash flow, market, or foreign currency risks. The Company evaluates all of its financial instruments, including issued stock purchase warrants, to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives. The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments should be classified as liabilities or as equity, is re-assessed at the end of each reporting period.
The Public Warrants and the Private Placement Warrants are recognized as derivative liabilities. Accordingly, the Company recognizes the warrant instruments as liabilities at fair value and adjusts the instruments to fair value at each reporting period. The liabilities are subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date until exercised, and any change in fair value is recognized in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations and presented as fair value adjustment on derivative warrant liabilities. The initial and subsequent estimated fair value of both the Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants was based on the listed price in an active market for the Public Warrants.
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
Simplifying Income Taxes

In December 2019, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, which simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing the exceptions to the incremental approach for intra-period tax allocation in certain situations, the requirement to recognize a deferred tax liability for a change in the status of a foreign investment, and the general methodology for computing income taxes in an interim period when year-to date loss exceeds the anticipated loss for the year. The amendments also simplify the accounting for income taxes with regard to franchise tax, the evaluation of step up in the tax basis goodwill in certain business combinations, allocating current and deferred tax expense to legal entities that are not subject to tax and enacted change in tax laws or rates. The standard was applied on a prospective basis beginning January 1, 2022 and the adoption of this standard did not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Leases
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases-(Topic 842). Under this new guidance, lessees are required to recognize for all leases (with the exception of short-term leases): 1) a lease liability equal to the lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis and 2) a right-of-use asset which will represent the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term (“ROU asset”). The Company adopted Topic 842 effective for the Company’s annual and interim reporting periods beginning January 1, 2022. The adoption of Topic 842 required the Company to recognize non-current assets and liabilities for right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities on its Consolidated Balance Sheet, but it did not have a material effect on the Company’s results of operations or cash flows. Topic 842 also requires additional footnote disclosures to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
A modified retrospective transition approach is required, applying the new standard to all leases existing at the date of initial application. The Company adopted the new standard on January 1, 2022 and used the effective date as the date of initial application. Consequently, financial information has not been updated, and the disclosures required under the new standard will not be provided for dates and periods before January 1, 2022.
The new standard provides a number of optional practical expedients in transition. The Company has elected the ‘package of practical expedients’, which permits the Company not to reassess prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification and initial direct costs under the new standard. The Company has not elected the use-of-hindsight or the practical expedient pertaining to land easements; the latter not being applicable to the Company.
The new standard also provides practical expedients for the Company’s ongoing accounting. The Company has elected the short-term lease recognition exemption for all leases that qualify. This means, for those leases that qualify, the Company does not recognize ROU assets or lease liabilities, and this includes not recognizing ROU assets or lease liabilities for existing short-term leases of those assets in transition. The Company has not elected to apply the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components for the Company’s leases as of the transition date of January 1, 2022 but may apply the practical expedient prospectively to certain asset classes.

15

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

The cumulative effect of initially applying the new lease standard on January 1, 2022 is as follows (in thousands):

January 1, 2022
Beginning Balance Cumulative Effect Adjustment Beginning Balance, As Adjusted
Assets
Prepaid expenses and other current assets $ 30,111  $ (453) $ 29,658 
Other noncurrent assets $ 21,045  $ 1,814  $ 22,859 
Liabilities
Accrued expenses and other $ 67,862  $ 188  $ 68,050 
Other noncurrent liabilities $ 18,531  $ 1,173  $ 19,704 
The most significant judgments and impacts upon adoption of the standard include the following:
We recognized right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities for operating leases that have not previously been recorded. The lease liability for operating leases is based on the net present value of future minimum lease payments. The right-of-use asset for operating leases is based on the lease liability adjusted for the reclassification of certain balance sheet amounts such as prepaid rent. Deferred and prepaid rent are no longer presented separately but are included in the balance of operating lease right-of-use assets.
In determining the discount rate used to measure the right-of-use asset and lease liability, rates implicit in the leases were not readily available and therefore we used an estimate of our incremental borrowing rate. Our incremental borrowing rate was based on an estimated secured rate with reference to recent borrowings of similar collateral and tenure.
Certain line items in the Consolidated Balance Sheets have been renamed to align with the new terminology presented in the new lease standard; “Capital lease obligations, current portion” and “Capital lease obligations, net of current portion” are now presented as “Finance lease liabilities, current portion” and “Finance lease liabilities, net of current portion” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, respectively.
Upon adoption on January 1, 2022, Operating lease right-of-use assets of $6.7 million were recorded in Other noncurrent assets, which included $0.5 million related to prepaid rent that was reclassified from Prepaid expenses and other current assets and $4.8 million related to prepaid rent and other that had already previously been presented as Other noncurrent assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. In addition, upon adoption on January 1, 2022, the current portion of operating lease liabilities of $0.2 million were recorded in Accrued expenses and other and the noncurrent portion of operating lease liabilities of $1.2 million were recorded within Other noncurrent liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Accounting Standards not yet adopted
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which will require an entity to measure credit losses for certain financial instruments and financial assets, including trade receivables. Under this update, on initial recognition and at each reporting period, an entity will be required to recognize an allowance that reflects the entity’s current estimate of credit losses expected to be incurred over the life of the financial instrument. This update will be effective for the Company with the annual reporting period beginning January 1, 2023, including interim periods within that reporting period. Should the company lose its status as an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 and its status as a “smaller reporting company” as defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, prior to this adoption date, the standard would be applicable in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impacts the adoption of this standard will have on the consolidated financial statements.
There are no other new accounting pronouncements that are expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
16

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

3. ACQUISITIONS, DISPOSITIONS AND RESTRUCTURING
Blockcap Acquisition
On July 30, 2021, the Company acquired 100% of the equity interest in Blockcap, one of its largest hosting customers. Blockcap is a blockchain technology company with industrial scale digital asset mining operations. Blockcap’s primary historical business was the mining of digital asset coins and tokens, primarily Bitcoin and, to a lesser extent, Siacoin and Ethereum. While Blockcap did sell or exchange the digital assets it mined to fund its growth strategies or for general corporate purposes from time to time, it generally retained its digital assets as investments in anticipation of continued adoption of digital assets as a “store of value” and a more accessible and efficient medium of exchange than traditional fiat currencies. In addition to mining, holding and exchanging digital assets, Blockcap also evaluated and completed investments in related technologies and ancillary businesses, including Radar Relay, Inc. (“RADAR”), an early stage company focused on technology enhancement and development in the digital asset industry that it acquired on July 1, 2021. The acquisition of Blockcap significantly expanded the Company’s self-mining operations and increased the number of miners it owns.
Consideration consisted of the issuance of 113.9 million shares of the Company’s common stock, approximately 6.8 million shares of the Company’s restricted stock and approximately 7.3 million options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock. The acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting, whereby the net assets acquired and the liabilities assumed were recorded at fair value. The Company and Blockcap had preexisting relationships which were settled on the acquisition date. Using the estimated purchase price for the transaction, the Company has allocated the purchase price to identifiable assets and liabilities based upon fair value estimates. The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net identifiable assets acquired was allocated to goodwill.
In a business combination, the initial allocation of the purchase price is considered preliminary and therefore subject to change until the end of the measurement period (not to exceed one year from the acquisition date). During the three months ended June 30, 2022, we determined that a measurement period adjustment to the accounting for the Blockcap acquisition was necessary based upon obtaining updated information about property, plant and equipment, net acquired, resulting in an increase in fair value of property, plant and equipment, net of $0.7 million, a decrease in goodwill of $1.0 million and additional depreciation expense of $0.3 million recognized in the three months ended June 30, 2022. The measurement period for the Blockcap acquisition closed during the three months ended June 30, 2022.
The following table summarizes the fair values for each major class of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date. The Company retained the services of certified valuation specialists to assist with assigning estimated values to certain acquired assets and assumed liabilities. Amounts initially disclosed for the estimated values of certain acquired assets and liabilities assumed were adjusted through September 30, 2022 based on information arising after the initial preliminary valuation.




17

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Purchase Price Allocation
Consideration: (in thousands)
113.9 million common shares valued at $10.11 per share1,2
$ 1,151,985 
Fair value of replaced Blockcap share-based payments attributable to pre-combination service3
21,768 
Settlement of Blockcap debt4
25,607 
Settlement of preexisting contracts5
(60,522)
Total Consideration $ 1,138,838 
Fair value of assets acquired, and liabilities assumed:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 704 
Digital assets-Bitcoin 73,304 
Digital assets-Ethereum 365 
Digital assets-Bitcoin cash
Digital assets-Siacoin 554 
Digital assets-Other 3,329 
Other current assets 633 
Intangible assets, net 2,925 
Property, plant and equipment, net 98,965 
Other noncurrent assets 1,293 
Total assets acquired $ 182,080 
Accounts payable 492 
Accrued expenses and other 22,647 
Deferred revenue 414 
Other current liabilities 7,204 
Deferred tax liability 9,003 
Total liabilities assumed $ 39,760 
Total identifiable net assets $ 142,320 
Goodwill on acquisition $ 996,518 
1 113.9 million common shares represent the equivalent Core Scientific common shares issued to Blockcap shareholders as consideration for the purchase.
2 The price per share of our common shares was estimated to be $10.11. As the Core Scientific common shares were not listed on a public marketplace, the calculation of the fair value of the common shares was subject to a greater degree of estimation. Given the absence of a public market, an estimate of the fair value of the common shares was required at the time of the Blockcap acquisition. Objective and subjective factors were considered in determining the estimated fair value and because there was no active trading of the Core Scientific equity shares on an established securities market, an independent valuation specialist was engaged. The valuation was determined by weighting the outcomes of scenarios estimating share value based on both public company valuations and private company valuations. Both a market approach and common stock equivalency model were used to determine a range of outcomes, which were weighted based on probability to determine the result.
3 Reflects the estimated fair value of replaced Blockcap share-based payments allocated to purchase price based on the proportion of service related to the pre-combination period
4 Reflects the fair value of loans issued by the Company in July 2021 that were effectively used to settle debt that had previously been held by Blockcap. Refer to Note 6 for further discussion of the debt issuance.
5 Blockcap had preexisting hosting and equipment contracts with the Company that were effectively settled by the Company’s acquisition of Blockcap. As a result, the consideration transferred to Blockcap has been adjusted by the deferred revenue balances that were settled at the time of acquisition.

For a reconciliation of the carrying amount of goodwill at the beginning and end of the reporting period see Note 4.



18

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Intangible Assets and Liabilities
Goodwill with an assigned value of $1.00 billion represents the excess of the consideration transferred over the estimated fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the Blockcap acquisition. The goodwill recognized includes the assembled workforce of Blockcap and intangible assets that do not qualify for separate recognition. None of the goodwill resulting from the acquisition is deductible for income tax purposes. All of the goodwill acquired was allocated to the Mining segment. Management believes the acquisition of Blockcap strengthens its presence in the digital asset mining market due to the scale of its operations. These factors are the basis for the excess purchase price paid over the value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, resulting in goodwill.
Other intangible assets acquired in the Blockcap acquisition consisted of $2.8 million of developed technology intangibles and $0.1 million of customer relationships with a weighted average useful life of 3 years.
Restructuring Activities
During the second quarter of 2022 market conditions led management to evaluate its operations and refocus its efforts and resources on the core activities of its hosting and mining segments. Management initiated a plan to exit certain activities, technologies and ancillary businesses, and to reduce portions of the Company’s workforce including those acquired through Blockcap’s acquisition of RADAR. Management completed the restructuring plan in October 2022 and all expected costs of the restructuring plan have been recognized as of September 30, 2022.
At June 30, 2022 Core had accrued and expensed estimated cash restructuring charges of $1.4 million relating to this restructuring plan. Cash severance and related payments under the Company’s ongoing severance policy of $0.9 million were paid as compensation for the three months ended September 30, 2022. At September 30, 2022 the remaining estimated cash restructuring charges were reduced by $0.1 million for an ending balance of $0.4 million to be paid in October 2022. In addition to the cash restructuring charges, $1.0 million of stock based compensation was paid in severance during the three months ended September 30, 2022. Total cash and stock based restructuring charges of $0.9 million and $2.3 million were recognized in general and administrative expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively.
As a result of exiting Blockchain Technologies during the second quarter of 2022, $2.0 million of intangible assets will cease to be used. Additionally, in the third quarter of 2022, the Company determined that $2.5 million of software intangible assets that were previously acquired from Stax Digital LLC would no longer be used as a result of current and planned software upgrades. Consequently, the Company recorded an impairment of other intangible assets of $2.5 million and $4.5 million for three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, which is presented within impairment of goodwill and other intangibles on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. Goodwill associated with these activities was included in the goodwill impairment charge of $266.0 million and $1.05 billion for three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, of which $207.8 million and $996.5 million was related to the Mining reporting unit for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, and $58.2 million was related to the Equipment Sales and Hosting reporting unit for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022.
Sale of Intangible Assets
In March 2022, the Company reclassified $2.2 million of intangible assets that were previously acquired from Atrio Inc. and RStor, Inc. to be held for sale as a result of the expected sale of the software and related patents. The intangible assets were sold in June 2022 for proceeds of $10.9 million, resulting in a gain on sale of intangible assets of $5.9 million. The resulting gain is reflected within other non-operating expenses, net in the Statement of Operations.
19

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

4. GOODWILL
The following table provides the reconciliation of the carrying amount of goodwill by segment at the beginning and end of the reporting period (in thousands):
Equipment Sales and Hosting Segment Mining Segment Total Goodwill
Balance as of December 31, 2021 $ 58,241  $ 997,519  $ 1,055,760 
Subsequent measurement period adjustment —  (1,000) (1,000)
Impairment of goodwill (58,241) (996,519) (1,054,760)
Balance as of September 30, 2022 $ —  $ —  $ — 

As of September 30, 2022, after impairment, the Company had no remaining goodwill. At December 31, 2021, the carrying amount of goodwill was $1.06 billion. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022 there was a measurement period adjustment reducing goodwill by $1.0 million and accumulated impairment losses of $1.05 billion. There were no goodwill adjustments or impairment losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2021.
The Company does not amortize goodwill, but tests it for impairment annually as of October 31, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of goodwill may not be recoverable. The Company has the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair values of the reporting units are less than their carrying amounts as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test. If management determines that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than the reporting unit’s carrying amount, or management chooses not to perform a qualitative assessment, then the quantitative goodwill impairment test will be performed. The quantitative test compares the fair value of the reporting unit with the reporting unit’s carrying amount. If the carrying amount exceeds its fair value, the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value is recognized as an impairment loss, and the resulting measurement of goodwill becomes its new cost basis. The Company’s reporting units are the same as its reportable and operating segments.

The Company identified goodwill impairment triggering events as of June 30, 2022 and additional triggering events as of September 30, 2022. These events included declines in the market price of bitcoin, the market price of the Company’s stock and the Company’s market capitalization. As a result, the Company performed the quantitative test to compare the fair value to the carrying amount for each reporting unit at June 30, 2022. Sustained and further deterioration in market prices and in the Company’s financial position resulted in additional quantitative testing at September 30, 2022. The Company concluded that the carrying value of the Mining reporting unit exceeded its fair value and, as such, recorded a $788.7 million and a $207.8 million impairment of goodwill in its Mining reporting unit for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and September 30, 2022, respectively. At June 30, 2022, the Company concluded that the fair value of the Equipment Sales and Hosting reporting unit exceeded its carrying amount, with an excess of fair value over carrying amount of approximately 136% of the carrying amount, and as such, did not record an impairment in its Equipment Sales and Hosting reporting unit at June 30, 2022. At September 30, 2022, the Company concluded the carrying amount of the Equipment Sales and Hosting reporting unit exceeded its fair value and, as such, recorded a $58.2 million impairment of goodwill in its Equipment Sales and Hosting reporting unit for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. These impairments are presented within impairment of goodwill and other intangibles on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company’s analysis as of September 30, 2022 involved the use of a market approach. Valuations using the market approach are derived from metrics of market transactions. Significant judgments and assumptions used in the market approach includes the selection of comparable businesses based on the characteristics of each reporting unit, the consideration and application of relevant relative metrics and a reconciliation to the Company’s market capitalization to the fair value measured. Sustained depressed bitcoin market value, increased power costs, decreased liquidity, and increased cost of financing, along with other factors have contributed to significant and sustained deterioration in the Company’s market capitalization. The Company concluded that the fair value of its reporting units would no longer support the remaining acquired goodwill carrying values. The Company developed its estimates using the best information available at the time. Changes in management’s estimates or any of its other assumptions used in its analysis could result in a different conclusion.
20

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

5. DERIVATIVE WARRANT LIABILITIES
As of September 30, 2022, the Company had 14.9 million warrants outstanding including: (a) 8.6 million Public Warrants and (b) 6.3 million Private Placement Warrants issued to XPDI Sponsor LLC (“Sponsor”) and certain institutional investors (“Anchor Investors”).
Each Public Warrant and Private Placement Warrant became exercisable 30 days following the Closing Date of the XPDI Merger and may be exercised for one share of common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share. The Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants expire January 19, 2027, which is five years after the Closing Date.
Redemption of Public Warrants when the price per share of common stock equals or exceeds $18.00
Once the warrants become exercisable, the Company may redeem the outstanding Public Warrants:
in whole and not in part;
at a price of $0.01 per warrant;
upon a minimum of 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption to each warrant holder; and
if, and only if, the last reported sale price of common stock for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the Company sends the notice of redemption to the warrant holders equals or exceeds $18.00 per share (as adjusted).
The Company will not redeem the warrants as described above unless a registration statement under the Securities Act covering the issuance of the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants is then effective and a current prospectus relating to those shares of common stock is available throughout the 30-day redemption period. If and when the warrants become redeemable by the Company, the Company may exercise its redemption right even if it is unable to register or qualify the underlying securities for sale under all applicable state securities laws.
Redemption of Public Warrants when the price per share of common stock equals or exceeds $10.00
Once the warrants become exercisable, the Company may redeem the outstanding Public Warrants:
in whole and not in part;
at $0.10 per warrant upon a minimum of 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption provided that holders will be able to exercise their warrants on a cashless basis prior to redemption and receive that number of shares determined by reference to an agreed table based on the redemption date and the “fair market value” (as defined below) of common stock;
if, and only if, the last reported sales price of the Company’s common stock for any twenty (20) trading days within the thirty (30) trading-day period ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which notice of the redemption is given (the “Reference Value”) equals or exceeds $10.00 per share (as adjusted for adjustments to the number of shares issuable upon exercise or the exercise price of a warrant); and
if the Reference Value is less than $18.00 per share (as adjusted for adjustments to the number of shares issuable upon exercise or the exercise price of a warrant), the Private Placement Warrants must also concurrently be called for redemption on the same terms as the outstanding Public Warrants, as described above.
The “fair market value” of common stock shall mean the volume-weighted average price of common stock during the 10 trading days immediately following the date on which the notice of redemption is sent to the holders of warrants. In no event will the warrants be exercisable in connection with this redemption feature for more than 0.361 shares of Class A common stock per warrant (subject to adjustment).
Redemption of Private Placement Warrants
The terms of redemption of Private Placement Warrants are identical in all respects to those for the Public Warrants except that, so long as they are held by the Sponsor, Anchor Investors or their permitted transferees they will not be redeemable, except as described above in Redemption of Public Warrants when the price per share of common stock equals or exceeds $10.00. If the Private Placement Warrants are held by someone other than the Sponsor, the Anchor Investors or their respective permitted transferees, the Private Placement Warrants will be redeemable by the Company and exercisable by such holders on the same basis as the Public Warrants.
21

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Registration
If the Company fails to maintain a registration statement for the underlying common shares at any time, the holders of the Private Placement Warrants and Public Warrants may exercise such warrants on a cashless basis by exchanging the warrants for that number of shares of common stock equal to the lesser of (A) the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of shares of common stock underlying the Warrants, multiplied by the excess of the “Fair Market Value” (as defined below) less the Warrant Price by (y) the Fair Market Value and (B) the product of the number of Warrants surrendered and 0.361, subject to adjustment. “Fair Market Value” shall mean the volume-weighted average price of the shares of common stock as reported during the ten (10) trading day period ending on the trading day prior to the date that notice of exercise is received.
Classification
Both the Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants are classified as a liability on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet because their settlement amount is subject to change based on the existence of an effective registration statement for the underlying shares and the holder of the warrant (for Private Placement Warrants only). As of September 30, 2022, the liability balance was $5.3 million. For the three months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recorded a mark to market gain of $0.3 million and $0.2 million within the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recorded a mark to market gain of $19.1 million and $13.9 million within the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants, respectively. Refer to Note 8 for further information about the fair value measurement of the warrants.
22

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

6. NOTES PAYABLE
Notes payable as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 consist of the following (in thousands):
September 30
2022
December 31
2021
Kentucky note $ 657  $ 1,032 
Genesis loan —  552 
NYDIG loan 38,781  67,435 
Stockholder loan 10,000  10,000 
Trinity loan 24,067  19,641 
Bremer loan 19,232  15,066 
Blockfi loan 53,913  60,000 
Anchor Labs loan 26,500  — 
Mass Mutual Barings loans 63,845  — 
B. Riley Bridge Notes 52,125  — 
Liberty loan 7,401  — 
Secured Convertible Notes1
230,931  220,871 
Other Convertible Notes2
313,381  301,226 
Other 1,866  663 
Total 842,699  696,486 
Unamortized discount and debt issuance costs (3,618) (3,187)
Fair value adjustment on convertible notes 138,519  34,910 
Total notes payable, net $ 977,600  $ 728,209 
1 Secured Convertible Notes (includes principal balance at issuance and PIK interest) which considers the minimum payoff at maturity of two times the face value of the note plus accrued interest. The minimum payoff at maturity related to the principal balance was $461.9 million on September 30, 2022. The minimum payoff at maturity related to the principal balance was $441.7 million on December 31, 2021.
2 Other Convertible Notes which considers the minimum payoff at maturity of one times the face value of the note plus accrued interest.
Balance Sheet Classification
In October 2022 the Company determined not to make certain payments with respect to several of its debt facilities, equipment financing facilities and leases and other financings, including its two bridge promissory notes. As a result, the creditors under these debt facilities may exercise remedies following any applicable grace periods, including electing to accelerate the principal amount of such debt, suing the Company for nonpayment, increasing interest rates to default rates, or taking action with respect to collateral, where applicable. The Company does not believe that it was in default under any of its debt agreements as of September 30, 2022. In the event of a default, the Company may become subject to certain additional provisions in its debt agreements such as higher default interest rates. As a result of these factors, the Company has determined that it is probable that its notes payable will become due within one year and has therefore classified all of its notes payable as current liabilities as of September 30, 2022.

Kentucky NoteIn December 2018, the Company entered into a five-year secured promissory note agreement for $2.4 million in connection with the acquisition of property in Kentucky for datacenter development (“Kentucky note”). The note bears interest at a rate per annum of 5% and the Company is required to make monthly payments of principal and interest. Interest expense on the note has been recognized based on an effective interest rate of 5%. The loan is secured by the underlying property purchased.
Genesis Loan—In July 2020, the Company entered into a credit facility with Genesis Global Capital, LLC that provides capacity of up to $13.0 million to finance the Company’s acquisition of blockchain computing equipment (“Genesis loan”). The Company borrowed $5.3 million in three installments and the borrowing capacity of the facility was reduced via an amendment in September 2020 to equal the actual amounts borrowed. The loans under the credit facility are secured by the blockchain computing equipment and the Company is required to comply with an approved mining strategy and other restrictions on use of the collateral. Loans under the credit facility have terms of 20 months, bear interest at a rate per annum of 16% plus a fixed risk premium, and require monthly payments. Interest expense on the loans has been recognized based on an effective interest rate of 28%, which includes the amortization of a debt discount. The loan is secured by blockchain computing equipment financed by the loans. The loan was paid off in April 2022.
23

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

NYDIG Loan—In October 2020, the Company entered into a master equipment finance agreement with NYDIG and received a loan of $0.8 million to finance the Company’s acquisition of blockchain computing equipment. In March 2021, the Company received $3.8 million of additional loans under the master equipment finance agreement with NYDIG to finance the Company’s acquisition of blockchain computing equipment. The loans bear an interest rate of 15% and have a term of 24 months from issuance. Interest expense on the loans has been recognized based on an effective interest rate of 16%. The loans are secured by the blockchain computing equipment financed by the loans.
In May 2021, the Company received $13.4 million of additional loans under the master equipment finance agreement with NYDIG to finance the Company’s acquisition of blockchain computing equipment that bear an interest rate of 14.25% and have a term of 24 months from issuance. Interest expense on the loans issued in May 2021 has been recognized based on an effective interest rate of 17%.
In July 2021, the Company received blockchain computing equipment from NYDIG (which had been concurrently acquired by NYDIG from Blockcap in exchange for settlement of Blockcap’s debt with NYDIG) in exchange for $26.1 million of additional loans under the master equipment finance agreement with NYDIG that bear an interest rate of 14.25% and have a term of 24 months from issuance. Interest expense on the loans issued in July 2021 has been recognized based on an effective interest rate of 16%.
In November 2021, the Company received blockchain computing equipment from NYDIG in exchange for $33.4 million of additional loans under the master equipment finance agreement with NYDIG that bear an interest rate of 11% and have a term of 24 months from issuance. Interest expense on the loans issued in November 2021 has been recognized based on an effective interest rate of 11%.
Stockholder Loan—In January 2021, the Company borrowed $10.0 million from a stockholder for the purchase of blockchain computing equipment. The loan bears interest at 10% per annum over a two-year term. The loan was issued with a warrant to purchase 0.2 million shares of common stock at an exercise price of $4.21 per share. The warrant has a two-year term. The Company allocated proceeds of $9.5 million to the notes and $0.5 million to the warrants on a relative fair value basis. Interest expense on the loan has been recognized based on an effective interest rate of 20%. The loan is secured by the blockchain computing equipment financed by the loan.
Trinity Loan—In August 2021, the Company entered into a $30.0 million master equipment finance facility agreement with Trinity Capital Inc. (“Trinity”) to finance the Company’s acquisition of blockchain computing equipment and received a loan of $1.0 million at close. The loan has a term of 36 months from issuance. Interest expense on the loan has been recognized based on an effective interest rate of 11.0%. In November and December 2021, the Company borrowed $14.0 million and $5.0 million, respectively. The remaining balance of $10.0 million was drawn in February 2022. The loan is secured by the blockchain computing equipment financed by the loan.
Bremer Loan—In October 2021, the Company entered into a lending agreement with Bremer Bank, National Association to borrow up to $16.2 million in two tranches through May 22, 2022 for the purchase of blockchain mining equipment and for improvements to data center and infrastructure. In December 2021, the Company entered into an additional term loan to borrow up to $9.6 million. The Company borrowed $15.2 million in October through December 2021. The Company borrowed an additional $4.8 million in January through March 2022. In April 2022, the Company borrowed an additional $0.7 million from Bremer to finance the construction of our North Dakota facility. The loans bear interest at 5.5% annually and are due at the earlier of the date of sale of the underlying mining equipment or 60 months from issuance. Interest expense on the loans has been recognized based on an effective interest rate of 5.6%. The loans require the Company to maintain the following financial covenants: (1) a minimum debt service coverage ratio (defined in the agreement as EBITDA divided by scheduled principal and interest payments) of not less than 1.2:1, measured annually beginning December 31, 2022; and (2) a fixed charge coverage ratio (defined in the agreement as EBITDA minus net distributions divided by scheduled principal and interest payments) of 1:1, measured annually beginning December 31, 2022. The loans are secured by a first priority security interest in certain of the assets financed by the loans.
24

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Additionally, an interest buydown agreement was made between Grand Forks Growth Fund and the Bank of North Dakota acting on behalf of the PACE Program for the purpose of a buydown on the interest for certain of the Company’s loans financed through Bremer Bank. The total amount of interest buydown over the term of the loan is $0.8 million. In order to receive the interest buydown incentive, the Company must (a) continue operation in the jurisdiction for a minimum of five years from the benefit date, (b) employ 13 new full-time employees within two years of receiving the incentive and continue to keep them employed for the duration of the agreement and (c) continue to make debt payments and no event of default should occur. If the Company discontinues operation in the jurisdiction within the next five years, it is obligated to repay the incentive back to the Bank of North Dakota. If after two years, the Company does not employ 13 new full-time employees, the interest buydown will be prorated to reflect any partial fulfillment and the Company, at a minimum, is required to pay back the value of the incentive to the Bank of North Dakota. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, there was no interest buydown.

Blockfi Loan—In December 2021, the Company entered into two lending agreements with Blockfi Lending, LLC to borrow up to $110.0 million for the purchase of blockchain mining equipment. The first agreement consists of $10.0 million and bears interest at 9.7% with a term of 24 months from issuance. Interest expense on the loans issued in December 2021 has been recognized based on an effective interest rate of 10.1%. The second agreement consists of $100.0 million and bears interest at 13.1% with a term of 24 months from issuance. The Company borrowed the first tranche totaling $60.0 million across the two loans in December 2021 and borrowed the second tranche of $20.0 million in January 2022. The remaining $30.0 million expired unused in March 2022. Interest expense on the loans issued in December 2021 has been recognized based on an effective interest rate of 13.1%. The loans are secured by a first priority security interest in certain of the assets financed by the loans.

Anchor Labs Loan—In March 2022, the Company entered into a $20.0 million equipment loan and security agreement with Anchorage Lending CA, LLC. (“Anchor Labs”) to finance the Company’s purchase of blockchain computing equipment. The Company borrowed $20.0 million in March 2022. The loan has a term of 24 months from issuance. Interest expense on the loan has been recognized based on an effective interest rate of 12.5%. In May 2022, the Company entered into a $11.7 million equipment loan and security agreement with Anchor Labs to finance the Company’s purchase of blockchain computing equipment. The Company borrowed $11.7 million in May 2022. The loan has a term of 24 months from issuance. Interest expense on the loan has been recognized based on an effective interest rate of 12.5%. The loans are secured by a first priority security interest in certain of the assets financed by the loans.

Mass Mutual Barings Loans—In March 2022, the Company entered into a $100.0 million equipment loan and security agreement with Barings BDC, Inc., Barings Capital Investment Corporation and Barings Private Credit Corp. (“Mass Mutual Barings”) to finance the Company’s purchase of blockchain computing equipment. The Company borrowed the first tranche of $30.0 million in March 2022 and borrowed the second tranche of $39.6 million in April 2022. On June 30, 2022 the remaining $30.4 million funding commitment expired unused. The loans under the agreement have a term of 36 months from issuance. Interest expense on the loans have been recognized based on an effective interest rate of 9.8%. The loans are secured by certain blockchain computing equipment.
In August 2022, the Company amended the Mass Mutual Barings loans to defer principal payments for a period of six months beginning with payments due in August 2022. The amendments result in no change to the term of the loans and the remaining principal will amortize over the remaining life of the loans beginning in February 2023. The amendments also require an additional amount of blockchain computing equipment to be provided as collateral. Interest expense on the amended loans has been recognized based on an effective interest rate of 13.0%. In August 2022, the Company issued 0.3 million shares of Common Stock to Mass Mutual Barings as an amendment fee.
25

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

B. Riley Bridge Notes—In April 2022, the Company entered into a $60.0 million bridge promissory note with B. Riley Commercial Capital, LLC and a $15.0 million bridge promissory note with an affiliate of B. Riley Commercial Capital, LLC (the “Bridge Notes”) maturing in December 2022. Interest expense on the Bridge Notes has been recognized based on an effective interest rate of 7.0%.

In August 2022, the Company amended the Bridge Notes to, among other things, extend the maturity date to June 2023 (the “Amended Bridge Notes”). Under the terms of the modified agreement, $37.5 million of principal payments previously due in the second half of 2022 are now due in the first half of 2023. The Amended Bridge Notes require the proceeds of (i) any equity issuances (other than issuances consummated for purposes of making tax payments in connection with the vesting of restricted stock and restricted stock units and equity line of credit under the Equity Line of Credit discussed in Note 12 (“ELOC”) sales), (ii) any secured debt incurred on or after April 7, 2022 (other than purchase money debt) in excess of $500 million and (iii) any ELOC sales in an amount equal to 25% of the net cash proceeds received from any such ELOC sale, in each case, to be applied by us to repay the outstanding principal amount of the Amended Bridge Notes. On August 1, 2022, the Company issued a total of 0.4 million shares of Common Stock to B. Riley Securities, Inc., an affiliate of B. Riley Commercial Capital, in satisfaction of an advisory fee for providing advisory services to the Company in connection with entering into the Amended Bridge Notes.
Liberty Loan—In April 2022, the Company entered into an $11.0 million equipment finance agreement with Liberty Commercial Finance LLC (“Liberty”) to finance the Company’s purchase of blockchain computing equipment. The Company borrowed $11.0 million in April 2022. The loan has a term of 24 months from issuance. Interest expense on the loan has been recognized based on an effective interest rate of 10.6%. The loans are secured by a first priority security interest in the equipment purchased.
Convertible Notes—In April 2021, the Company entered into a secured convertible note purchase agreement and issued $215.0 million of secured convertible notes to new and existing lenders (the “Secured Convertible Notes”). In addition, in August 2021 the Company entered into a convertible note purchase agreement and issued $299.8 million of convertible notes in August through November 2021 under substantially the same terms and conditions as the original April 2021 notes except that the August through November 2021 notes have a minimum payoff based on the face value plus accrued interest rather than two times the outstanding face amount plus accrued interest. In addition, the August through November 2021 notes were unsecured until an IPO or SPAC merger and then became secured by a lien on the same collateral securing the Secured Convertible Notes in January 2022 upon the closing of the Merger Agreement with XPDI (together with the Secured Convertible Notes, the “Convertible Notes”). In addition, the Company also issued $31.0 million from issuance through September 30, 2022 as payment-in-kind interest on convertible notes outstanding at the end of the period. The Convertible Notes have a maturity date of April 2025 and bear interest at a rate of 10% per annum, of which 4% is payable in cash and 6% is payable in kind. Upon the closing of the Merger Agreement with XPDI in January 2022, the Convertible Notes became convertible into common shares at the option of the holder at a conversion price equal to $8.00 per share. The proceeds from the Convertible Notes were used, in part, to repay $30.0 million of senior secured loans to Silverpeak Credit Partners LP. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, $1.6 million of Convertible Notes were exercised resulting in 0.2 million shares issued to the holders of the Convertible Notes that were exercised.
As discussed in Note 8, the Company has elected to measure its Convertible Notes at fair value and accordingly recognized $13.1 million of debt issuance costs as incurred at the time of issuance within interest expense, net in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive loss. The Convertible Notes had a fair value of $682.8 million compared to a principal amount of $544.3 million at September 30, 2022. The Company presents changes in fair value of the Convertible Notes during the period as follows: (1) the 10% contractual rate of interest on the convertible notes (consisting of 4% cash interest and 6% PIK interest) is presented as interest expense, net on the Consolidated Statements of Operations; (2) changes in fair value attributable to the Company’s own credit risk are presented within Accumulated other comprehensive loss on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and as a component of Other comprehensive income (loss) on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss; and (3) other fair value changes are presented within Non-operating expenses, net on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The fair value of the Company’s convertible notes as of December 31, 2021 included the effect of a negotiation discount, which is a calibration adjustment that reflects the illiquidity of the instruments and the Company's negotiating position. Since the transaction was an orderly transaction, the Company deemed that the fair value equaled the transaction price at initial recognition. However, the closing of the merger of XPDI (which represents the occurrence of a qualified financing event as defined by the terms of the notes) in January 2022 resulted in the elimination of the negotiation discount along with other changes in fair value resulted in a significant increase in the fair value of the convertible notes (excluding interest expense and instrument-specific credit risk) for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.
26

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

The following summarizes the fair value adjustments and debt issuance costs recognized on the convertible notes (in thousands):
Financial statement line item Three Months Ended
September 30, 2022
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2022
Cash interest payments Interest expense, net $ 5,488  $ 16,070 
Payment-in-kind (PIK) interest Interest expense, net 8,232  24,115 
Instrument-specific credit risk Other comprehensive income, net of income taxes (47,832) (83,578)
Other fair value adjustments Fair value adjustment on convertible notes (4,123) 186,853 
Total fair value adjustments $ (38,235) $ 143,460 
Financial statement line item Three Months Ended
September 30, 2021
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2021
Cash interest payments Interest expense, net $ 3,130  $ 4,850 
Payment-in-kind (PIK) interest Interest expense, net 4,694  7,274 
Instrument-specific credit risk Other comprehensive loss, net of income taxes 8,552  8,552 
Other fair value adjustments Fair value adjustment on convertible notes 8,663  8,663 
Total fair value adjustments $ 25,039  $ 29,339 
Debt issuance costs Interest expense, net $ 5,083  $ 10,664 
The principal amount of the Convertible Notes as of September 30, 2022 reflects the proceeds received plus any PIK interest added to the principal balance of the notes. Upon the closing of the Merger Agreement with XPDI in January 2022, the conversion price for the Convertible Notes became fixed at 80% of the financing price ($8.00 per share of common stock) and the holders now have the right to convert at any time until maturity. At maturity, any Secured Convertible Notes not converted will be owed two times the original face value plus accrued interest; any other Convertible Notes (other than the Secured Convertible Notes) not converted will be owed the original face value plus accrued interest. In addition, at any time (both before and after the merger with XPDI), the Company has the right to prepay the Secured Convertible Notes at the minimum payoff of two times the outstanding face value plus accrued interest and for other Convertible Notes the outstanding face value plus accrued interest. All of the Convertible Notes, totaling $544.3 million as of September 30, 2022, are scheduled to mature on April 19, 2025, which includes $230.9 million for the face value of the Secured Convertible Notes which have payoff at maturity of two times the face value of the note plus accrued interest. The total amount that would be owed on the Secured Convertible Notes outstanding as of September 30, 2022 if held to maturity was $461.9 million. The total amount that would be owed on the Convertible Notes if prepaid as of September 30, 2022 was $789.0 million. See Note 8 for further information on fair value measurement of the Convertible Notes.
27

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

7. REVENUE
The Company primarily generates revenue from hosting services, sales of computer equipment and digital asset mining activities. The Company generally recognizes revenue when the promised service is performed, or control of the promised equipment is transferred to customers. Revenue excludes any amounts collected on behalf of third parties, including sales and indirect taxes.
Deferred Revenue
The Company records contract liabilities in deferred revenue on the Consolidated Balance Sheets when cash payments are received in advance of performance and recognizes them as revenue when the performance obligations are satisfied. The Company’s deferred revenue balance as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 was $87.2 million and $136.4 million, respectively, all from advance payments received during the periods then ended.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recognized $30.9 million and $79.6 million of revenue, respectively, that was included in the deferred revenue balance as of the beginning of the year, primarily due to the deployment of equipment for related parties for which advanced payments had been received prior to January 1, 2022. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recognized $5.2 million and $44.2 million of revenue, respectively, that was included in the deferred revenue balance as of the beginning of the year, primarily due to deployment of customer equipment for which advance payments had been received from customers prior to January 1, 2021. Advanced payments received for hosting services are typically recognized as revenue within six months after miner deployment. Advanced payments received for equipment sales are generally recognized as revenue within one year.
Performance Obligations
The Company’s performance obligations primarily relate to hosting services and equipment sales. The Company has performance obligations associated with commitments in customer hosting contracts for future services and commitments to acquire and deploy customer equipment that have not yet been recognized in the financial statements. For contracts with original terms that exceed one year (typically ranging from 18 to 48 months), those commitments not yet recognized as of September 30, 2022 and 2021 were $440.7 million and $718.8 million, respectively.
28

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

8. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
The Company measures certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring or non-recurring basis in certain circumstances. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. To increase the comparability of fair value measures, the following hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation methodologies used to measure fair value:
Level 1 — Valuations based on quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in active markets.
Level 2 — Valuations based on observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.
Level 3 — Valuations based on unobservable inputs reflecting the Company’s own assumptions, consistent with reasonably available assumptions made by other market participants. These valuations require significant judgment.
The Company uses observable market data when determining fair value whenever possible and relies on unobservable inputs only when observable market data is not available.
Recurring fair value measurements
The Public Warrants and the Private Placement Warrants are recognized as derivative liabilities in accordance with ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging. Accordingly, the Company recognizes the warrant instruments as liabilities at fair value and adjusts the instruments to fair value at each reporting period. The liabilities are subject to remeasurement at each balance sheet date until exercised, and any change in fair value is recognized in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. The initial and subsequent fair value estimates of the Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants are based on the listed price in an active market for such warrants.
The Company has elected to measure its Convertible Notes at fair value on a recurring basis because the Company believes it better reflects the underlying economics of the Convertible Notes, which contain multiple embedded derivative features. The fair value of the Company’s convertible notes payable is determined using a market approach based on observable market prices for similar securities when available.
Prior to the three months ended June 30, 2022, when observable market data was not available, the Company used an as-converted value plus risk put option model that included certain unobservable inputs that were significant to the fair value measurement such as probability of a financing event occurring (e.g., a SPAC merger or qualified financing), expected term, volatility and the negotiation discount. The fair value of the Secured Convertible Notes considered the minimum payoff at maturity of two times the face value of the note plus accrued interest, as well as the opportunity for appreciation if the value of the Company's stock increased 60% or more relative to the pricing at the financing event (since the conversion price is set at 80% of the stock price at the financing event, a stock price appreciation of 60% would match the minimum payoff of two times the face value plus accrued interest). The fair value of the other Convertible Notes considered the minimum payoff at maturity of one times the face value of the note plus accrued interest, as well as the opportunity for appreciation if the value of the Company's stock were to fall no more than 20% relative to the pricing at the financing event (since the conversion price is set at 80% of the stock price at the financing event, a stock price decline of 20% would match the minimum payoff of one times the face value plus accrued interest). Upon the closing of the Merger Agreement with XPDI in January 2022, the conversion price for the Convertible Notes became fixed at 80% of the financing price ($8.00 per share of common stock) and the holders now have the right to convert at any time until maturity.
Due to the occurrence of the SPAC merger and the subsequent significant decline in the Company’s stock price below the conversion price, the fair value of the Company’s convertible notes beginning with the three months ended June 30, 2022 was determined using a discounted cash flow model that considers the principal and interest payments, including the minimum payoff at maturity of two times the face value of the note plus accrued interest for the Secured Convertible Notes and the value of the call option that includes certain unobservable inputs that may be significant to the fair value measurement such as expected term and volatility of the call option.
The following presents the levels of the fair value hierarchy for the Company's derivative warrant liabilities and the Convertible Notes by issuance date measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (in thousands):
29

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

September 30, 2022
Fair value hierarchy
Principal Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Fair value
Derivative warrant liabilities:
Public Warrants $ —  $ 3,062  $ —  $ —  $ 3,062 
Private Placement Warrants —  —  2,225  —  2,225 
Total derivative warrant liabilities —  3,062  2,225  —  5,287 
Convertible notes:
April 19, 20211
$ 95,595  $ —  $ —  $ 162,797  $ 162,797 
April 21, 20211
5,370  —  —  9,146  9,146 
April 23, 20211
48,334  —  —  82,313  82,313 
April 26, 20211
81,632  —  —  139,017  139,017 
August 20, 20212
52,902  —  —  46,306  46,306 
September 10, 20212
15,792  —  —  14,248  14,248 
September 23, 20212
78,989  —  —  71,269  71,269 
September 24, 20212
62,749  —  —  56,616  56,616 
September 27, 20212
2,064  —  —  1,863  1,863 
October 1, 20212
90,615  —  —  81,758  81,758 
November 10, 20212
10,270  —  —  9,266  9,266 
Accrued PIK interest1,2,3
—  —  —  8,232  8,232 
Total convertible notes 544,312  —  —  682,831  682,831 
Total liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis $ 544,312  $ 3,062  $ 2,225  $ 682,831  $ 688,118 

December 31, 2021
Fair value hierarchy
Principal Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Fair value
Convertible notes:
April 19, 20211
$ 91,430  $ —  $ —  $ 101,078  $ 101,078 
April 21, 20211
5,137  —  —  5,674  5,674 
April 23, 20211
46,229  —  —  51,062  51,062 
April 26, 20211
78,075  —  —  86,165  86,165 
August 20, 20212
50,597  —  —  50,941  50,941 
September 10, 20212
16,110  —  —  16,472  16,472 
September 23, 20212
76,051  —  —  77,559  77,559 
September 24, 20212
60,016  —  —  61,179  61,179 
September 27, 20212
1,974  —  —  2,012  2,012 
October 1, 20212
86,655  —  —  87,150  87,150 
November 10, 20212
9,823  —  —  9,819  9,819 
Accrued PIK interest1,2,4
—  —  —  7,896  7,896 
Total convertible notes $ 522,097  $ —  $ —  $ 557,007  $ 557,007 

30

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

1 Secured Convertible Notes (includes principal balance at issuance and PIK interest) which considers the minimum payoff at maturity of two times the face value of the note plus accrued interest.
2 Other Convertible Notes (other than the Secured Convertible notes) which considers the minimum payoff at maturity of one times the face value of the note plus accrued interest.
3 Represents PIK interest accrued as of September 30, 2022 which will be recorded as additional principal for each respective convertible note on October 1, 2022.
4 Represents PIK interest accrued as of December 31, 2021 which will be recorded as additional principal for each respective convertible note on January 1, 2022.
Level 3 Recurring Fair Value Measurements
The following presents a rollforward of the activity for the Convertible Notes measured at fair value on a recurring basis using level 3 inputs as of September 30, 2022 (in thousands):
Convertible Notes
(Level 3)
Balance at December 31, 2021 $ 557,007 
Issuances (including PIK principal recorded) 7,896 
Settlements (including interest payments, PIK principal recorded and conversions) (13,123)
Unrealized losses 371,951 
Balance at March 31, 2022 923,731 
Issuances (including PIK principal recorded) 7,851 
Settlements (including interest payments, PIK principal recorded and conversions) (14,772)
Unrealized gains (190,256)
Balance at June 30, 2022 726,554 
Issuances (including PIK principal recorded) 8,031 
Settlements (including interest payments, PIK principal recorded and conversions) (13,519)
Unrealized gains (38,235)
Balance at September 30, 2022 $ 682,831 
Securities are transferred from level 2 to level 3 when observable market prices for similar securities are no longer available and unobservable inputs become significant to the fair value measurement. All transfers into and out of level 3 are assumed to occur at the beginning of the quarterly reporting period in which they occur. As of September 30, 2022, level 3 financial instruments included all the Convertible Notes as the effect of unobservable inputs are significant to the fair value measurement. There were no transfers of securities into or out of level 3 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021.

The following presents significant Level 3 unobservable inputs used to measure the fair value of certain convertible notes as of September 30, 2022 (dollars in thousands):
Fair value Unobservable Input Low High
Weighted Average1
Convertible Notes $ 682,831  Expected term (years) 2.55 2.55 2.55
Volatility 69.5  % 69.5  % 69.5  %
1 Weighted average based on the fair value of convertible notes.
Expected term is an input into the call option model that measures the length of time the instrument is expected to be outstanding before it is exercised or terminated. An increase in expected term, in isolation, would generally result in an increase in the fair value measurement of the convertible notes.
31

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Volatility is an input into the call option model that measures the variability in possible returns for the convertible notes based on how much the price of underlying shares change in value over time. An increase in volatility, in isolation, would generally result in an increase in the fair value measurement of the convertible notes.
The increase or decrease in the fair value of the convertible notes resulting from changes to the expected term or volatility assumptions are not interrelated.
The Company presents separately in other comprehensive income (loss) the portion of the total change in the fair value of the convertible notes that resulted from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk on the convertible notes. The amount of change in the fair value attributable to instrument-specific credit risk is determined by comparing the amount of the total change in fair value to the amount of change in fair value that would have occurred if the Company’s credit risk had not changed during the period as reflected in the discount rates applied to the debt and risk put option.
Nonrecurring fair value measurements
The Company’s non-financial assets, including digital assets, property, plant and equipment, goodwill and intangible assets are measured at estimated fair value on a nonrecurring basis. These assets are adjusted to fair value only when an impairment is recognized, or the underlying asset is held for sale. Refer to the discussion of digital assets below for more information regarding fair value considerations when measuring the impairment of digital assets held.

Digital assets

The Company classifies digital assets primarily as level 1. The Company’s digital assets are accounted for as intangible assets with indefinite useful lives. The Company initially recognizes digital assets that are received as digital asset mining revenue based on the fair value of the digital assets. Digital assets that are purchased in an exchange of one digital asset for another digital asset are recognized at the fair value of the asset surrendered or at the fair value of the asset received if more readily apparent. Impairment exists when the carrying amount exceeds its fair value, which is measured using the quoted price of the digital asset at the time its fair value is being measured, which is measured once a day at 00:00 Coordinated Universal Time (“UTC”). To the extent that an impairment loss is recognized, the loss establishes the new cost basis of the digital asset. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recognized impairment of digital assets of $8.0 million and $212.2 million, respectively. During both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recognized impairment of digital assets of $12.6 million. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recognized net gains of $11.0 million and $25.0 million, respectively, from sales of digital assets. For both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recognized net gains of $0.4 million from sales of digital assets. Digital assets are available for use, if needed, for current operations and are classified as current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, the details of which are presented below (in thousands).
September 30
2022
December 31
2021
Bitcoin (BTC) $ 19,619  $ 224,843 
Ethereum (ETH) 22  4,665 
Polygon (MATIC) —  1,085 
Siacoin (SC) —  803 
Dai (DAI) —  1,353 
Other 22  1,549 
Total digital assets $ 19,663  $ 234,298 
The Company does not have any off-balance sheet holdings of digital assets.

Property, plant and equipment

On March 10, 2022, the Company entered into an agreement to sell mining equipment on order with a 3rd party supplier to a hosting customer in exchange for the Company receiving ownership of the customer’s mining equipment that had been hosted by the Company on its premises (the “Installed Miners”). The primary purpose of the exchange was to allow for the mutual termination of the hosting agreements in a manner that avoids the logistical costs and loss of revenue from downtime associated with relocating and installing the mining equipment. The exchange began during the three months ended June 30, 2022 and was completed in July 2022 as ordered mining equipment was received and exchanged for the Installed Miners. The agreement also includes the termination of the hosting agreement between the Company and the customer as ownership of the Installed Miners is transferred to the Company.
32

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements


The Company recognized losses of $13.1 million on the exchanges during the nine months ended September 30, 2022, which are presented within losses on exchange or disposal of property, plant and equipment on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The amount of the losses was measured as the difference between the fair value of the installed miners and the carrying value of the deposits for mining equipment to be exchanged. The fair value of the installed miners is classified as a Level 2 fair value measurement and was determined as of contract inception (March 10, 2022) using a cost approach. The replacement cost of the installed miners was estimated through a review of vendor equipment pricing of similar equipment. Physical deterioration was also considered and estimated based on an age/life analysis indicative of a market participant’s anticipated economic useful life for the assets.
During the three months ended September 30, 2022, the Company’s operating performance and liquidity continued to be severely impacted by the prolonged decrease in the price of bitcoin, the increase in electricity costs, the increase in the global bitcoin network hash rate and an increase in additional operating costs related to these factors. Additionally, primary and secondary market prices for ASIC miners of the type used by the Company in its business operations have decreased significantly from previous levels, including those acquired earlier in 2022. Accordingly, the Company evaluated whether the estimated future undiscounted cash flows from the operation of its data center facilities would recover the carrying value of the property, plant and equipment located at the sites and used in site operations, including the Company’s deployed mining equipment. Based on this evaluation, the Company determined that the carrying value of the property, plant and equipment at the Cedarvale, TX facility site may no longer be fully recoverable by the cash flows of the site. The Company measured the amount of impairment at the Cedarvale, TX facility site as the difference between the carrying amount of the site asset group of $119.8 million and the estimated fair value of the site asset group of $60.5 million, resulting in an impairment of the facility site’s property, plant and equipment of $59.3 million for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. Refer to the discussion of long-lived asset impairments in Note 2 for additional information regarding the inputs and methodology used to estimate the fair value.

Goodwill and other intangible assets

On June 30, 2022 and September 30, 2022, the Company evaluated its reporting units for impairment and recorded an impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets of $266.0 million and $1.05 billion for three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, of which $207.8 million and $996.5 million was related to the Mining reporting unit for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, and $58.2 million was related to the Equipment Sales and Hosting reporting unit for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. Refer to Note 4 for additional information regarding the inputs and methodology used to estimate the fair value.
Fair value of financial instruments
The Company’s financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, net, accounts payable, notes payable and certain accrued expenses and other liabilities. The carrying amount of these financial instruments, other than notes payable discussed below, approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments.
The fair value of the Company’s notes payable (excluding the Convertible Notes carried at fair value described above), which are carried at amortized cost, was determined based on a discounted cash flow approach using market interest rates of instruments with similar terms and maturities and an estimate for our standalone credit risk. We classified the other notes payable as Level 3 financial instruments due to the considerable judgment required to develop assumptions of the Company’s standalone credit risk and the significance of those assumptions to the fair value measurement. The estimated fair value of the Company’s other notes payable, including both the current and noncurrent portion, was $293.7 million at September 30, 2022 and $184.7 million at December 31, 2021. The carrying values of the notes payable, including both the current and noncurrent portion, was $294.8 million and $171.2 million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

33

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

9. LEASES
The Company has entered into non-cancellable operating and finance leases for office, data facilities, computer and networking equipment, electrical infrastructure and office equipment, with original lease periods expiring through 2033. In addition, certain leases contain bargain renewal options extending through 2051. The Company recognizes lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term, which includes any bargain renewal options. The Company recognizes rent expense on a straight-line basis over the lease period. In addition to minimum rent, certain leases require payment of real estate taxes, insurance, common area maintenance charges, and other executory costs. Differences between rent expense and rent paid are recognized as adjustments to operating lease right-of-use assets on the unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets. For certain leases the Company receives lease incentives, such as tenant improvement allowances, and records those as adjustments to operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities on the unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets and amortizes the lease incentives on a straight-line basis over the lease term as an adjustment to rent expense.
The components of operating and finance leases are presented on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets as follows (in thousands):
Financial statement line item September 30, 2022
Assets:
Operating lease right-of-use assets Other noncurrent assets $ 20,926 
Finance lease right-of-use assets Property, plant and equipment, net $ 88,042 
Liabilities:
Operating lease liabilities,
   current portion
Accrued expenses and other $ 849 
Operating lease liabilities, net
   of current portion
Other noncurrent liabilities $ 14,594 
Finance lease liabilities, current portion Finance lease liabilities, current portion $ 73,045 
Finance lease liabilities, net of
   current portion
Finance lease liabilities, net of current portion $ — 
The components of lease expense were as follows (in thousands):
Financial statement line item Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Operating lease expense General and administrative expenses $ 589  $ 898 
Short-term lease expense General and administrative expenses 195  671 
Finance lease expense:
Amortization of right-of-use assets Cost of revenue 9,040  27,563 
Interest on lease liabilities Interest expense, net 2,278  6,617 
Total finance lease expense 11,318  34,180 
Total lease expense $ 12,102  $ 35,749 
In determining the discount rate used to measure the right-of-use asset and lease liability, we use rates implicit in the lease, or if not readily available, we use our incremental borrowing rate. Our incremental borrowing rate is based on an estimated secured rate with reference to recent borrowings of similar collateral and tenure when available. Determining our incremental borrowing rate, especially if there are insufficient observable borrowings near the time of lease commencement, may require significant judgment.
34

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Information relating to the lease term and discount rate is as follows:
September 30, 2022
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term (Years)
Operating leases 10.7
Finance leases 2.3
Weighted Average Discount Rate
Operating leases 6.5  %
Finance leases 12.7  %

The following table summarizes the Company’s supplemental cash flow information (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Lease Payments
Operating lease payments $ 272  $ 474 
Finance lease payments $ 6,760  $ 34,287 
Supplemental Noncash Information
Operating lease right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations1    
$ 14,195  $ 21,574 
Finance lease right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations     $ —  $ 10,557 
Increase in finance lease right-of-use assets as a result of lease modification $ 693  $ 693 
1 Includes operating lease right-of-use assets of $6.7 million that were recorded upon adoption of Topic 842 on January 1, 2022. Refer to Note 2 for further information.

The Company’s minimum payments under noncancelable operating and finance leases having initial terms and bargain renewal periods in excess of one year are as follows at September 30, 2022, and thereafter (in thousands):
Operating leases Finance leases
Remaining 2022 $ 332  $ 5,533 
2023 2,082  38,518 
2024 1,810  36,497 
2025 1,866  4,509 
2026 1,924 
2027 1,985  — 
Thereafter 12,037  — 
Total lease payments 22,036  85,060 
Less: imputed interest 6,593  12,015 
Total $ 15,443  $ 73,045 
Operating leases
In September 2021, the Company entered into operating lease agreements with Minnkota Power Cooperative to develop a hosting facility in Grand Forks, North Dakota as well as enter into a power supply purchase agreement to purchase 100 megawatts of power supply once construction of the hosting facility is complete. As a result of the agreements being entered into contemporaneously and in contemplation of one another, the agreements are considered to be a single unit of account and consideration has been allocated between lease and non-lease components based on relative standalone selling price with approximately $5.3 million allocated to the lease components and $2.6 million allocated to the non-lease components. Substantially all of the payments for the intended leases would be for a five-year to thirty-year term (comprising an initial five-year term with five five-year bargain renewal options to renew) with purchase options exercisable at any time for approximately $5.6 million less any rent paid to date and subject to certain other adjustments.
35

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

In addition to the above, in December 2021, the Company entered into an agreement to lease office space for its new corporate headquarters that commenced in July of 2022. The lease includes base rent of approximately $14.0 million to be paid over a period of 130 months.
Finance leases
In December 2021, the Company entered into finance lease agreements with Liberty Commercial Finance LLC totaling $40.9 million for the purchase of bitcoin mining equipment, with a weighted average term of 3.2 years. The leases bear interest at a weighted average rate per annum of 12.6% and the Company is required to make monthly payments of principal and interest. Interest expense on the lease has been recognized based on a weighted average effective interest rate of 12.6%.
In December 2021, the Company entered into finance lease agreements with MassMutual Asset Finance LLC totaling $50.0 million for the purchase of bitcoin mining equipment, with a weighted average term of 3.2 years. The leases bear interest at a rate per annum of 10% and the Company is required to make monthly payments of principal and interest. Interest expense on the leases has been recognized based on an effective interest rate of 10%.
In August 2022, the Company amended the finance lease agreements with MassMutual Asset Finance LLC to defer lease payments for a period of six months beginning with payments due in August 2022. The amendments result in no change to the term of the finance leases and the remaining principal will amortize over the remaining life of the leases beginning in February 2023. The amendments also requires an additional amount blockchain computing equipment to be provided as collateral. The leases under the amended agreements bear interest at a rate of 13.0% per annum. Interest expense on the amended leases has been recognized based on an effective interest rate of 12.5%. As a result of the lease modification, the lease liabilities decreased by $7.7 million with a corresponding decrease to finance lease right-of assets of $7.7 million.
Balance Sheet Classification
As discussed in Note 6, in October 2022 the Company determined not to make certain payments with respect to several of its debt facilities, equipment financing facilities and leases and other financings, including its two bridge promissory notes. As a result, the creditors under these debt facilities may exercise remedies following any applicable grace periods, including electing to accelerate the principal amount of such debt, suing the Company for nonpayment, increasing interest rates to default rates, or taking action with respect to collateral, where applicable. The Company does not believe it was in default under any of its finance lease agreements as of September 30, 2022. In the event of a default, the Company may become subject to certain additional provisions in its finance lease agreements such as higher default interest rates. As a result of these factors, the Company has determined that it is probable that its finance lease liabilities will become due within one year and has therefore classified all of its finance lease liabilities as current liabilities as of September 30, 2022.

36

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

10. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Legal Proceedings—The Company is subject to legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. The Company accrues losses for a legal proceeding when it is probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. However, the uncertainties inherent in legal proceedings make it difficult to reasonably estimate the costs and effects of resolving these matters. Accordingly, actual costs incurred may differ materially from amounts accrued and could materially adversely affect the Company’s business, cash flows, results of operations, financial condition and prospects. Unless otherwise indicated, the Company is unable to estimate reasonably possible losses in excess of any amounts accrued.
In July 2022, one of the Company’s largest customers, Celsius Mining LLC (“Celsius”), along with its parent company and certain affiliates, filed for voluntary relief under chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in the Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York. On September 28, 2022, Celsius filed a motion in the chapter 11 case alleging that the Company is violating the automatic stay with respect to the Master Services Agreement between Celsius and the Company (the “Celsius Agreement”). Celsius is also using its Chapter 11 proceeding to withhold payment of certain charges billed to Celsius pursuant to the Celsius Agreement. The Company strongly disagrees with the allegations made in the Celsius motion and the interpretation of the Celsius Agreement espoused therein and is vigorously defending its interests, including seeking resolution from the bankruptcy court and payment of any outstanding amounts owed under the Celsius Agreement (subject to applicable bankruptcy law in the Celsius chapter 11 case). The parties have agreed to stay the proceedings, including the evidentiary hearing scheduled for November 18, 2022. There can be no guarantee that the bankruptcy court will rule in the Company’s favor in a timely manner or that Celsius will honor the terms of the Celsius Agreement. An adverse ruling by the bankruptcy court that provides Celsius the benefits of the Company’s hosting services without Celsius fully paying the costs of such services would have a material effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. As of September 30, 2022, the Company had accrued $5.2 million as an allowance against amounts due from Celsius.
In November 2022, Sphere 3D Corp. filed a demand for arbitration with JAMS alleging the existence and breach of a contract for hosting services. The arbitration demand alleges that the Company has failed to provide contracted for services and to return approximately $35 million in prepayments made by Sphere 3D for such services. The Company denies the allegations contained in Sphere 3D’s arbitration demand and intends to vigorously defend its interests.
In November 2022, McCarthy Building Companies, Inc. filed a complaint against the Company in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, alleging breach of contract for failing to pay when due certain payments allegedly owing under a contract for construction entered into between the parties.
In November 2022, plaintiff Mei Peng filed a putative class action in the United States District Court, Western District of Texas, Austin Division, asserting that the Company violated the Securities Exchange Act by failing to disclose to investors, among other things, that the Company was vulnerable to litigation, that certain clients had breached their agreements, and that this impacted the Company's profitability and ability to continue as a going concern. The Company denies the allegations contained in the complaint and intends to vigorously defend its interests.
As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, there were no other material loss contingency accruals.
Leases—See Note 9 for further information.
Purchase obligations—As of September 30, 2022, the Company had outstanding agreements to purchase blockchain mining equipment totaling approximately $49.9 million before considering variable price adjustments, substantially all of which are expected to be settled within one year.
Loss on legal settlement—The Company recognized a loss of $2.6 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 related to a settlement with a former customer.
37

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

11. CONTINGENTLY REDEEMABLE CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK
The Company is authorized to issue 2.00 billion shares of preferred stock, $0.0001 as of September 30, 2022. Prior to the Merger with XPDI, the Company was authorized to issue 50.0 million shares of preferred stock, $0.0001 par value. As of December 31, 2021, 10.8 million shares of preferred stock were issued and outstanding.
Upon the closing of the merger with XPDI on January 19, 2022, each share of Series A and Series B Preferred Stock automatically converted into one share of Core Scientific common stock and each outstanding share of common stock issued as a result of the conversion of Series A and Series B Preferred Stock in connection with the Merger was cancelled and extinguished and converted into the right to receive a number of shares of New Core Common Stock equal to the Exchange Ratio of 1.6001528688. All of the Company’s shares of contingently redeemable convertible preferred stock were converted into 10.8 million shares of the Company’s common stock during the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

38

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

12. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Authorized Capital—As of September 30, 2022, the Company was authorized to issue 10.00 billion shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value. The holders of the Company’s common stock are entitled to one vote per share.
In January 2021, in connection with the stockholder loan described in Note 6, the Company issued a warrant to the stockholder to purchase up to 0.2 million shares of common stock at an exercise price of $4.21 per share. The warrant is set to expire in January 2023 and is exercisable and unexercised as of September 30, 2022.
As a result of the Merger, all of XPDI’s Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock automatically converted into 30.8 million shares of New Core Common Stock on a one-for-one basis. XPDI’s 8.6 million public warrants issued in its initial public offering (the “Public Warrants”) and 6.3 million warrants issued in connection with private placement at the time of XPDI’s initial public offering (the “Private Placement Warrants”) became warrants for New Core Common Stock.
Following the Merger with XPDI, each share of common stock or warrant was converted to shares of New Core Common Stock or a warrant to purchase shares of New Core Common Stock based on an exchange ratio of 1.6001528688.
Equity Line of Credit

In July 2022, the Company entered into a common stock purchase agreement (the “Equity Line of Credit”) and a Registration Rights Agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”) with B. Riley. Pursuant to the Equity Line of Credit, subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in the Equity Line of Credit, the Company will have the right to sell to B. Riley, up to $100.0 million of shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Common Stock”), subject to certain limitations and conditions set forth in the Equity Line of Credit, from time to time during the term of the Equity Line of Credit. Sales of Common Stock pursuant to the Equity Line of Credit, and the timing of any sales, are solely at the Company’s option, and the Company is under no obligation to sell any securities to B. Riley under the Equity Line of Credit.
The per share purchase price that B. Riley is required to pay for shares of the Company’s Common Stock in a Purchase effected by the Company pursuant to the Equity Line of Credit, if any, will be determined by reference to the volume weighted average price (“VWAP”) of the Common Stock, calculated in accordance with the Equity Line of Credit, for the period (the “Purchase Valuation Period”) beginning at the official open (or “commencement”) of the regular trading session on Nasdaq on the applicable Purchase Date (as defined in the Equity Line of Credit) for such Purchase, and ending at the earliest to occur of (i) 3:59 p.m., New York City time, on such Purchase Date or such earlier time publicly announced by the trading market as the official close of the regular trading session on such Purchase Date, (ii) such time that the total aggregate number (or volume) of shares of Common Stock traded on Nasdaq during such Purchase Valuation Period (calculated in accordance with the Equity Line of Credit) reaches the applicable share volume maximum amount for such Purchase (the “Purchase Share Volume Maximum”), calculated by dividing (a) the applicable Purchase Share Amount for such Purchase, by (b) 0.20, and (iii) such time that the trading price of a share of Common Stock on Nasdaq during such Purchase Valuation Period (calculated in accordance with the Equity Line of Credit) falls below the applicable minimum price threshold for such Purchase specified by the Company in the Purchase Notice for such Purchase, or if the Company does not specify a minimum price threshold in such Purchase Notice, a price equal to 75.0% of the closing sale price of the Common Stock on the trading day immediately prior to the applicable Purchase Date for such Purchase (the “Minimum Price Threshold”), less a fixed 3.0% discount to the VWAP for such Purchase Valuation Period.
The net proceeds to the Company from sales that the Company elects to make to B. Riley under the Equity Line of Credit, if any, will depend on the frequency and prices at which the Company sells shares of the Company’s Common Stock to B. Riley. The Company expects that any proceeds received by the Company from such sales to B. Riley will be used for general corporate purposes.
There are no restrictions on future financings, rights of first refusal, participation rights, penalties or liquidated damages in the Equity Line of Credit or Registration Rights Agreement, other than a prohibition (with certain limited exceptions) on entering into specified “Variable Rate Transactions” (as such term is defined in the Equity Line of Credit) during the term of the Equity Line of Credit. Such transactions include, among others, the issuance of convertible securities with a conversion or exercise price that is based upon or varies with the trading price of the Company’s Common Stock after the date of issuance, or the Company’s effecting or entering into an agreement to effect an “equity line of credit” or other substantially similar continuous offering with a third party, in which the Company may offer, issue or sell Common Stock or any securities exercisable, exchangeable or convertible into Common Stock at a future determined price.
Under the applicable Nasdaq rules, in no event may the Company issue to B. Riley under the Equity Line of Credit more than 70.3 million shares of Common Stock, which number of shares is equal to approximately 19.99% of the shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the execution of the Equity Line of Credit (the “Exchange Cap”), unless (i) the Company obtains
39

Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

stockholder approval to issue shares of Common Stock in excess of the Exchange Cap in accordance with applicable Nasdaq rules, or (ii) the average price per share paid by B. Riley for all of the shares of Common Stock that the Company directs B. Riley to purchase from the Company pursuant to the Equity Line of Credit, if any, equals or exceeds $1.75 per share (representing the lower of the official closing price of the Company’s Common Stock on Nasdaq on the trading day immediately preceding the date of the Equity Line of Credit and the average official closing price of the Company’s Common Stock on Nasdaq for the five consecutive trading days ending on the trading day immediately preceding the date of the Equity Line of Credit, as adjusted pursuant to applicable Nasdaq rules). Moreover, the Company may not issue or sell any shares of Common Stock to B. Riley under the Equity Line of Credit which, when aggregated with all other shares of Common Stock then beneficially owned by B. Riley and its affiliates (as calculated pursuant to Section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and Rule 13d-3 thereunder), would result in B. Riley beneficially owning more than 4.99% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock.
The Equity Line of Credit will automatically terminate on the earliest to occur of (i) the first day of the month next following the 24-month anniversary of the Commencement Date (as such term is defined in the Equity Line of Credit), (ii) the date on which B. Riley shall have purchased from the Company under the Equity Line of Credit shares of Common Stock for an aggregate gross purchase price of $100.0 million, (iii) the date on which the Common Stock shall have failed to be listed or quoted on Nasdaq or another U.S. national securities exchange identified as an “eligible market” in the Equity Line of Credit, (iv) the 30th trading day after the date on which the Company commences a voluntary proceeding or any third party commences a bankruptcy proceeding against the Company that is not discharged or dismissed prior to such trading day, and (v) the date on which a bankruptcy custodian is appointed for all or substantially all of the Company’s property or the Company makes a general assignment for the benefit of creditors.
The Company has the right to terminate the Equity Line of Credit at any time after Commencement, at no cost or penalty, upon five (5) trading days’ prior written notice to B. Riley. B. Riley has the right to terminate the Equity Line of Credit upon five (5) trading days’ prior written notice to the Company upon the occurrence of certain events set forth in the Equity Line of Credit. The Company and B. Riley may also agree to terminate the Equity Line of Credit by mutual written consent, provided that no termination of the Equity Line of Credit will be effective until the fifth trading day immediately following the settlement date related to any pending purchase that has not been fully settled in accordance with the Equity Line of Credit. Neither the Company nor B. Riley may assign or transfer their respective rights and obligations under the Equity Line of Credit or the Registration Rights Agreement.
As consideration for B. Riley’s commitment to purchase shares of Common Stock at the Company’s direction upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Equity Line of Credit, upon execution of the Equity Line of Credit in July 2022, the Company issued 0.6 million shares to B. Riley with a fair value of $1.1 million at issuance which was recorded within other non-operating expenses, net on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations and presented as equity line of credit expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. In addition, the Company reimbursed $0.1 million of reasonable legal fees and disbursements of B. Riley’s legal counsel in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Equity Line of Credit and the Registration Rights Agreement.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company issued 7.3 million shares under the Equity Line of Credit for a total sales price to B. Riley of $12.8 million, consisting of (a) cash proceeds received of $11.7 million and (b) $1.1 million of proceeds due from B. Riley as of September 30, 2022 that was recorded within prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The total sales price of $12.8 million for issuances during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 is net of $0.3 million for the fixed 3.0% discount to the VWAP described above which was recorded within other non-operating expenses, net on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations and presented as equity line of credit expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. As of September 30, 2022, 63.0 million shares of Common Stock were available to be issued under the Equity Line of Credit.

As discussed in Note 6, 25% of the net cash proceeds received for shares issued under the Equity Line of Credit is required to be applied by the Company to repay the outstanding principal amount of the Amended Bridge Notes. As of September 30, 2022, the Company owed $2.9 million on the Amended Bridge Notes related to proceeds received under the Equity Line of Credit.

Warrant Exercises

In March 2020, the Company issued warrants to the Company’s president and chief executive officer and a member of the board of directors to purchase up to 6.4 million shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $0.84 per share (as amended). In March 2022, a warrant holder exercised their warrant to purchase 3.2 million shares in a cashless exercise resulting in 2.9 million net shares issued to the warrant holder after withholding 0.3 million shares for the exercise price.

In March 2020, the Company issued warrants to service providers in exchange for services provided related to the issuance of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. The warrants were for an aggregate of 0.2 million shares at an exercise price of $4.27 per share.
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Core Scientific, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

In February 2022, 0.2 million of the warrants were exercised in a cashless exercise resulting in 0.1 million net shares issued to the warrant holders.

Convertible Note Exercises

As discussed in Note 6, the Company issued $514.8 million of Convertible Notes in 2021 along with issuing an additional $31.0 million from issuance through September 30, 2022 as payment-in-kind interest on convertible notes outstanding. The Convertible Notes became convertible into common shares at the option of the holder at a conversion price equal to $8.00 per share upon the closing of the Merger Agreement with XPDI in January 2022. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, $1.6 million of Convertible Notes were exercised resulting in 0.2 million shares issued to the holders of the Convertible Notes that were exercised.

SPAC Vesting Shares

1.7 million common shares are subject to vesting requirements, as described further in Note 1. These contingently issuable shares do not require future service in order to vest and do not result in stock-based compensation expense. The SPAC Vesting Shares are accounted for as an equity contract, and meet the criteria for equity classification. The Company has recorded the SPAC Vesting Shares within additional paid-in capital on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2022.
Vendor Settlement

In March 2022, the Company issued 1.6 million shares of the Company’s common stock related to a vendor liability that had been assumed by the Company in July 2021 as part of the Blockcap acquisition. In addition, the vendor liability requires settlement in cash based on the difference between the weighted average of the closing price of the Company’s common stock for each day there was a closing price during the thirty consecutive days immediately prior to the expiration of the lockup period (defined in the agreement as 180 days from the date from the closing of the XPDI merger) and the $21.3 million contractual amount of the liability. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 we recorded $0.1 million and $9.5 million, respectively, within Other non-operating expenses, net on the Consolidated Statements of Operations related to changes in the fair value of the vendor liability. As of September 30, 2022, the fair value of the liability of $18.1 million was recorded within Accrued expenses and other on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Equity Incentive Plans
The Company has outstanding awards under the 2018 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2018 Plan”). No new awards can be made under the 2018 Plan subsequent to the XPDI Merger, as described below. Awards that were granted under the 2018 Plan included incentive stock options (must meet all statutory requirements), non-qualified stock options and restricted stock units. Awards granted under the 2018 Plan were subject to a minimum vesting period of at least one year commencing from the date of grant. Additionally, options granted under the plan must expire within ten years of the grant date and were required to be granted with exercise prices of no less than the fair value of the common stock on the grant date, as determined by the Company’s board of directors.

In July 2021, the Company acquired Blockcap. Under the terms of the Blockcap merger agreement, (i) each stock option granted, whether vested or unvested, and each award of restricted stock under the Blockcap, Inc. Equity Incentive Plan (the “Legacy Blockcap Plan”) was assumed by the Company. In addition, the Radar Relay, Inc. Amended and Restated 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (the “RADAR Plan”) provides for the grant of stock options, restricted stock awards, and other awards to eligible employees, non-employee directors and consultants. On June 4, 2021, prior to its acquisition by the Company, Blockcap entered into an agreement and plan of merger with RADAR for all the issued and outstanding equity interests of RADAR, which merger closed on July 1, 2021 (the “Blockcap/RADAR Merger”). The RADAR Plan was assumed by us upon the closing of the Blockcap/RADAR Merger and the Blockcap acquisition. No new awards may be made under the Legacy Blockcap Plan and the RADAR Plan (the “Blockcap Plans”) subsequent to the closing of the Blockcap acquisition.

At the Special Meeting in connection with the XPDI Merger, the stockholders of XPDI approved the Core Scientific, Inc. 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2021 Plan”). Awards granted under the 2021 Plan may be incentive stock options (must meet all statutory requirements), non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock and stock units, performance awards and other cash-based or stock-based awards. Awards granted under the 2021 Plan are subject to a minimum vesting period of at least one year commencing from the date of grant. Additionally, options granted under the plan must expire within ten years of the grant date and must be granted with exercise prices of no less than the fair value of the common stock on the grant date, as determined by the