UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 20-F
☐REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
OR
☒ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2024
OR
☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ____________ to __________
OR
☐SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Date of event requiring this shell company report ………………………………
Commission file number: 000-55193
Silver North Resources Ltd.
(Formerly Alianza Minerals Ltd.)
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
British Columbia, Canada
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
Suite 410-325 Howe Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6C 1Z7
(Address of principal executive offices)
Winnie Wong, Chief Financial Officer
410-325 Howe Street. Vancouver, BC V6C 1Z7, Canada
Phone: 604-687-3520 Ext 236 Email: wwong@pacificopportunity.com
(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class
| Trading Symbol(s)
| Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
|
None
| N/A
| None
|
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Shares, no par value
(Title of Class)
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act: None
Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the Company’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report. 47,713,494 Common Shares
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
Yes ¨ No x
If this report is an annual or a transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Yes ¨ No x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 12 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past ninety days.
Yes x No ¨
Check whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer ¨
| Accelerated filer ¨
|
Non-accelerated filer x
| Smaller Reporting Company x
|
Emerging Growth Company ☒
|
|
If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards† provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐
Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:
U.S. GAAP ¨
| International Financial Reporting Standards as issued
by the International Accounting Standards Board x
| Other ¨
|
Indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow: Item 17 ¨ Item 18 x
If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No x N/A ¨
Under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the "JOBS Act"), Silver North is classified as an "Emerging Growth Company". Under the JOBS Act, Emerging Growth Companies are exempt from certain requirements, including the requirement to provide an auditor attestation of internal control over financial reporting under Sarbanes-Oxley Act Section 404(b), and the requirement to adopt certain new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards would apply to private companies. The Company will remain an Emerging Growth Company for up to five years after the anniversary of the first sale of equity securities pursuant to an effective registration statement, although it will lose that status earlier if revenues exceed US$1.235 billion, or if the Company issues more than US$1 billion in non-convertible debt in a three year period, or if the market value of the common stock held by non-affiliates exceeds US$700 million.
Page 2 of 124
Index to Exhibits on Page 83
2
Silver North Resources Ltd.
Form 20-F Annual Report
Table of Contents
3
METRIC EQUIVALENTS
For ease of reference, the following factors for converting metric measurements into imperial equivalents are provided:
To Convert from Metric
| To Imperial
| Multiply by
|
|
|
|
Hectares
| Acres
| 2.471
|
Meters
| Feet (ft.)
| 3.281
|
Kilometers (km)
| Miles
| 0.621
|
Tonnes
| Tons (2000 pounds)
| 1.102
|
Grams/tonne
| Ounces (troy/ton)
| 0.029
|
INTRODUCTION
Silver North Resources Ltd. (“Silver North” or the “Company”) was incorporated in Alberta under the Business Corporations Act (Alberta) on October 21, 2005 under the name Tarsis Capital Corporation. The Company was originally classified as a Capital Pool Corporation ("CPC") and completed is qualifying transaction on July 16, 2007. On April 25, 2008, Tarsis continued into British Columbia under the Business Corporations Act (British Columbia) and changed its name to Tarsis Resources Ltd. on June 17, 2009. On April 29, 2015, the Company acquired all the issued and outstanding common shares of Estrella Gold Corporation by way of a court-approved plan of arrangement. Upon completion of the acquisition, the Company effected a share consolidation of ten old shares for each new share and changed its name to Alianza Minerals Ltd. On August 14, 2023, the Company completed a share consolidation of five old shares for one new share and changed its name to Silver North Resources Ltd.
BUSINESS OF SILVER NORTH RESOURCES LTD.
Silver North is a mineral company engaged in the acquisition and exploration of mineral properties.
There are no known proven reserves of minerals on Silver North’s properties. All of the Company's properties are currently at the exploration stage. The Company does not have any commercially producing mines or sites, nor is the Company in the process of developing any commercial mines or sites. The Company has not reported any revenue from operations since incorporation. As such, Silver North is defined as an “exploration-stage company”.
FINANCIAL AND OTHER INFORMATION
In this Annual Report, unless otherwise specified, all dollar amounts are expressed in Canadian Dollars (“CDN$” or “$”). The Government of Canada permits a floating exchange rate to determine the value of the Canadian Dollar against the U.S. Dollar (US$).
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain statements in this document constitute “forward-looking statements”. Some, but not all, forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “plan,” “estimate,” “expect,” and “intend,” statements that an action or event “may,” “might,” “could,” “should,” or “will” be taken or occur, or other similar expressions. Although the Company has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from expected results, such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause the actual results, performance or achievements
4
of the Registrant, or other future events, to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements.
Such factors include, among others, the following risks: the risks associated with outstanding litigation, if any, risks associated with project development; the need for additional financing; operational risks associated with mining and mineral processing; fluctuations in metal prices; title matters; uncertainties and risks related to carrying on business in foreign countries; environmental liability claims and insurance; reliance on key personnel; the potential for conflicts of interest among certain officers, directors or promoters of the Registrant with certain other projects; the absence of dividends; currency fluctuations; competition; dilution; the volatility of the Registrant’s common share price and volume; and tax consequences to U.S. Shareholders. We are obligated to keep our information current and revise any forward-looking statements because of new information, future events or otherwise.
PART I
Item 1. Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisors
Not Applicable
Item 2. Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable
Not Applicable
Item 3. Key Information
As used within this Annual Report, the terms “Silver North”, “the Company”, “Issuer” and “Registrant” refer collectively to Silver North Resources Ltd., its predecessors, subsidiaries and affiliates.
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The selected financial data of the Company for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022 were derived from the consolidated financial statements of the Company which have been audited by DeVisser Gray, Independent Registered Chartered Professional Accountants, as indicated in its auditors’ report which is included elsewhere in this Annual Report. The data for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 were derived from the consolidated financial statements of the Company which have been audited by DeVisser Gray, although the consolidated financial statements and auditors’ reports are not included in this Annual Report.
The selected financial data should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and other financial information included elsewhere in the Annual Report.
The Company has not declared any dividends on its common shares since incorporation and does not anticipate that it will do so in the foreseeable future. The present policy of the Company is to retain future earnings, if any, for use in its operations and the expansion of its business.
Table No. 1 is derived from the financial statements of the Company, which have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Share and per share amounts have been adjusted for the 1 for 5 share consolidation effective August 14, 2023.
Table No. 1
5
Selected Financial Data
(CDN$ in 000, except per share data)
| Year
Ended
9/30/24
| Year
Ended
9/30/23
| Year
Ended
9/30/22
| Year
Ended
9/30/21
| Year
Ended
9/30/20
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue
| $0
| $0
| $0
| $0
| $0
|
Interest and Other Income
| $9
| $29
| $0
| $0
| $2
|
Net Loss
| ($2,031)
| ($795)
| ($2,052)
| ($939)
| ($1,056)
|
Total Comprehensive Loss
| ($2,031)
| ($818)
| ($2,023)
| ($960)
| ($1,054)
|
Basic and Diluted Loss Per Share
| ($0.05)
| ($0.02)
| ($0.07)
| ($0.03)
| ($0.05)
|
Dividends Per Share
| $0
| $0
| $0
| $0
| $0
|
Weighted Avg. Shares (000)
| 40,645
| 31,838
| 30,524
| 27,854
| 19,270
|
Working Capital (deficit)
| ($361)
| ($684)
| ($171)
| $146
| ($66)
|
Mineral Properties
| $6,873
| $6,882
| $7,026
| $7,708
| $4,326
|
Long-Term Debt
| $0
| $0
| $0
| $0
| $0
|
Shareholder’s Equity
| $6,588
| $6,279
| $6,990
| $7,918
| $4,301
|
Total Assets
| $7,802
| $7,163
| $8,094
| $8,380
| $4,848
|
In this Annual Report, unless otherwise specified, all dollar amounts are expressed in Canadian Dollars (CDN$).
Table No. 2 sets forth the rate of exchange for the Canadian Dollar at the end of the five most recent years ended December 31st, the average rates for the period, and the range of high and low rates for the period. Table No. 2 also sets forth the rate of exchange for the Canadian Dollar at the end of the six most recent months, and the range of high and low rates for these periods.
For purposes of this table, the rate of exchange means the noon buying rate in New York City for cable transfers in foreign currencies as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. The table sets forth the number of Canadian dollars required under that formula to buy one U.S. Dollar. The average rate means the average of the exchange rates on the last day of each month during the period.
Table No. 2
Canadian Dollar/U.S. Dollar
Period
| Average
| High
| Low
| Close
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended 12/31/24
| $ 1.37
| $ 1.44
| $ 1.33
| $ 1.44
|
Year Ended 12/31/23
| 1.35
| 1.39
| 1.31
| 1.32
|
Year Ended 12/31/22
| 1.30
| 1.39
| 1.24
| 1.35
|
Year Ended 12/31/21
| 1.26
| 1.29
| 1.20
| 1.28
|
Year Ended 12/31/20
| 1.34
| 1.45
| 1.27
| 1.28
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended 12/31/24
| $ 1.41
| $ 1.44
| $ 1.35
| $ 1.44
|
Three Months Ended 9/30/24
| 1.36
| 1.39
| 1.35
| 1.35
|
Three Months Ended 6/30/24
| 1.37
| 1.38
| 1.35
| 1.37
|
Three Months Ended 3/31/24
| 1.35
| 1.36
| 1.33
| 1.35
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended 12/31/23
| $ 1.36
| $ 1.39
| $ 1.32
| $ 1.32
|
Three Months Ended 9/30/23
| 1.34
| 1.37
| 1.31
| 1.35
|
Three Months Ended 6/30/23
| 1.35
| 1.36
| 1.31
| 1.32
|
Three Months Ended 3/31/23
| 1.35
| 1.38
| 1.33
| 1.35
|
|
|
|
|
|
6
Three Months Ended 12/31/22
| $ 1.35
| $ 1.39
| $ 1.33
| $ 1.35
|
Three Months Ended 9/30/22
| 1.32
| 1.38
| 1.27
| 1.38
|
Three Months Ended 6/30/22
| 1.28
| 1.31
| 1.25
| 1.29
|
Three Months Ended 3/31/22
| 1.26
| 1.30
| 1.24
| 1.25
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 2023
|
| $ 1.44
| $ 1.40
| $ 1.44
|
November 2023
|
| 1.41
| 1.39
| 1.40
|
October 2023
|
| 1.39
| 1.35
| 1.39
|
September 2023
|
| 1.36
| 1.35
| 1.35
|
August 2023
|
| 1.38
| 1.35
| 1.35
|
July 2023
|
| 1.39
| 1.36
| 1.38
|
The exchange rate was $1.44 on December 31, 2024.
Statement of Capitalization and Indebtedness
Not applicable
Risk Factors
An investment in the Common Shares of the Company must be considered speculative due to the nature of the Company’s business and the present stage of exploration and development of its non-producing mineral properties. In particular, the following risk factors apply:
Risks Associated with Mineral Exploration
The Company is engaged in the mineral exploration business, which is highly speculative and has certain inherent risks which could have a negative effect on the Company.
Mineral exploration is a speculative business, characterized by a number of significant risks including, among other things, unprofitable efforts resulting not only from the failure to discover mineral deposits but from finding mineral deposits which, though present, are insufficient in quantity and quality to return a profit from production. The marketability of minerals acquired or discovered by the Company may be affected by numerous factors which are beyond the control of the Company and which cannot be accurately predicted, such as market fluctuations, the proximity and capacity of milling facilities, mineral markets and processing equipment, and such other factors as government regulations, including regulations relating to royalties, allowable production, importing and exporting of minerals, and environment protection, the combination of which factors may result in the Company not receiving an adequate return on investment capital.
All of the Company's mineral properties are at the exploration stage and all of the Company's exploration expenditures may be lost.
The Company is at the exploration stage on all of its properties and substantial additional work and expenditures will be required in order to determine if any economic deposits occur on the Company’s properties. Mineral Exploration is highly risky, and most exploration properties do not contain any economic deposits of minerals. If a property is determined to not contain any economic reserves of minerals, the entire amount spent on exploration will be lost.
7
The mineral industry is highly competitive.
The Company will be required to compete in the future directly with other corporations that may have greater resources. Such corporations could outbid the Company for potential projects or produce minerals at lower costs which would have a negative effect on the Company’s operations.
Commodity prices may not support corporate profit.
The resource industry in general is intensely competitive and there is no assurance that, even if commercial quantities of minerals are discovered and developed, a profitable market will exist for the sale of same. Factors beyond the control of the Company may affect the marketability of any minerals discovered. The prices of natural resources are volatile over short periods of time and is affected by numerous factors beyond the control of the Company, including international economic and political trends, expectations of inflation, currency exchange fluctuations, interest rates and global or regional consumption patterns, speculative activities and increased production. If the Company is unable to economically produce minerals from its projects, it would have a negative effect on the Company’s financial condition or require the Company to cease operations altogether.
The Company's mineral exploration activities are subject to substantial government regulatory requirements.
Exploration operations are affected by various government regulations relating to resource operations, including the acquisition of land, pollution control and environmental protection, waste disposal and toxic substances, and safety. Changes in these regulations or in their application are beyond the control of the Company and may adversely affect its operations, business and results of operations. The requirements to comply with these regulations may result in increased costs, as well as delays in obtaining the permits required to conduct operations. Failure to comply with the conditions set out in any permit or failure to comply with the applicable statutes and regulations may result in orders to cease or curtail operations or to install additional equipment. The Company may be required to compensate those suffering loss or damage by reason of its operating or exploration activities.
On the Federal, Provincial/Territorial and State level, the Company must comply with exploration permitting requirements which require sound operating and reclamation plans to be approved by the applicable government body prior to the start of exploration. Depending upon the type and extent of the exploration activities, the Company may be required to post reclamation bonds and/or assurances that the affected areas will be reclaimed. If the reclamation requires funds in addition to those already allocated, the Company could be forced to pay for the extra work and it could have a significant negative effect upon the Company’s financial position and operations.
The Company’s title to its properties may be disputed by third parties which could result in the loss of title to its properties.
The Company has only done a preliminary title survey of its exploration properties in accordance with industry standards. These procedures do not guarantee the Company’s title and therefore, in accordance with the laws of the jurisdictions in which these properties are situated, their existence and area could be in doubt. Unregistered agreements or transfers, or native land claims, may affect title. If title is disputed, the Company will have to defend its ownership through the courts, which would likely be an expensive and protracted process and have a negative effect on the Company’s operations and financial condition. In the event of an adverse judgment, the Company would lose its property rights.
Risks Relating to the Financing of the Company
The Company’s auditors have Expressed a “Going Concern” Opinion.
The Company’s auditor has included a “going concern” opinion in its auditors’ report to the Company's consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2024. The qualification was included
8
as a result of the Company's need to obtain additional financing through the issuance of common shares or obtaining joint venture or property sale agreements for one or more properties. If the Company is unable to meet its obligations, it will not be able to fulfill its business plan and be forced to reduce certain operations or cease operations altogether.
The Company will require additional financing which could result in substantial dilution to existing shareholders.
The Company, while engaged in the business of mineral exploration, is dependent on additional financing for planned exploration programs as outlined herein. Management anticipates being able to raise the necessary funds by means of equity financing. The ongoing exploration of the Company’s properties is dependent upon the Company’s ability to obtain financing through the joint venture of projects, debt financing, equity financing or other means. Such sources of financing may not be available on acceptable terms, if at all. Failure to obtain such financing may result in delay or indefinite postponement of exploration work on the Company’s exploration properties, as well as the possible loss of its interest in such properties. Any transaction involving the issuance of previously authorized but unissued shares of common or preferred stock, or securities convertible into common stock, could result in dilution, possibly substantial, to present and prospective holders of common stock. These financings may be on terms less favorable to the Company than those obtained previously.
The Company has a history of net losses and no operational cash flow to sustain operations and does not expect to begin receiving operating revenue in the foreseeable future.
None of the Company’s properties have advanced to the commercial production stage and the Company has no history of earnings or cash flow from operations. The Company has paid no dividends on its shares since incorporation and does not anticipate doing so in the foreseeable future. The Company has negative cash flow and a working capital deficit. Historically, the only source of funds available to the company has been through the sale of its common shares. Any future additional equity financing would cause dilution to current stockholders. If the Company does not have sufficient capital for its operations, management would be forced to reduce or discontinue its activities which would likely have a negative effect on the stock price.
Risks Relating to an Investment in the Securities of the Company
The market for the Company’s common stock has been subject to volume and price volatility which could have a negative effect on a shareholder’s ability to buy or sell the Company’s shares.
The market for the common shares of the Company may be highly volatile for reasons both related to the performance of the Company or events pertaining to the industry (e.g. mineral price fluctuation/high production costs/accidents) as well as factors unrelated to the Company or its industry. In particular, market demand for products incorporating resource commodities fluctuate from one business cycle to the next. The Company’s common shares can be expected to be subject to volatility in both price and volume arising from market expectations, announcements and press releases regarding the Company’s business, and changes in estimates and evaluations by securities analysts or other events or factors.
In recent years the securities markets in the United States and Canada have experienced a high level of price and volume volatility, and the market price of securities of many companies, particularly small-capitalization companies such as the Company, have experienced wide fluctuations that have not necessarily been related to the operations, performances, underlying asset values, or prospects of such companies. For these reasons, the price of the Company’s common shares can also be expected to be subject to volatility resulting from purely market forces over which the Company will have no control. Further, despite the existence of a market for trading the Company’s common shares in Canada, stockholders of the Company may be unable to sell significant quantities of common shares in the public trading markets without a significant reduction in the price of the stock.
9
The company has a dependence upon key management employees, the loss or absence of which could have a negative effect on the Company’s operations.
The Company strongly depends on the business and technical expertise of its management and key personnel, including President and Chief Executive Officer Jason Weber, Chief Financial Officer Winnie Wong, and Director Mark Brown. There is little possibility that this dependence will decrease in the near term. As the Company’s operations expand, additional general management resources will be required. The Company may not be able to attract and retain additional qualified personnel and this would have a negative effect on the Company’s operations.
Certain officers and directors may have conflicts of interest.
Certain of the directors and officers of the Company are also directors and/or officers and/or shareholders of other natural resource companies. While the Company is engaged in the business of acquiring and exploring mineral properties, such associations may give rise to conflicts of interest from time to time. The Directors of the Company are required by law to act honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of the Company and to disclose any interest that they may have in any project or opportunity of the Company. If a conflict of interest arises at a meeting of the board of directors, any director in a conflict must disclose his interest and abstain from voting on such matter. In determining whether or not the Company will participate in any project or opportunity, the directors will primarily consider the degree of risk to which the Company may be exposed and its financial position at the time.
The effects of a global pandemic, including the COVID-19 outbreak, may have a negative effect on the Company’s operations and financial condition
The World Health Organization declared the novel coronavirus COVID-19 as a pandemic in March 2020. This declaration has led to numerous emergency measures being instituted in many countries, including the United States, Canada and Peru. These measures include government and business closures, stay-at-home orders, and limitations placed on work and travel. The continued outbreak of COVID-19, or any other pandemic, could materially and adversely impact the Company’s operations including mineral exploration, its joint-ventures, receipt of necessary government approvals, and regulatory compliance. It may also have a negative effect on the equity and debt markets, which may make raising additional capital more difficult or not available. The full extent of such impacts is outside the Company’s control and may have a significant negative effect on the Company’s operations and financial condition.
The Company could be deemed a passive foreign investment company which could have negative consequences for U.S. investors.
The Company could be classified as a Passive Foreign Investment Company (“PFIC”) under the United States tax code. If the Company is declared a PFIC, then owners of the Company’s Common Stock who are U.S. taxpayers generally will be required to treat any so-called "excess distribution" received on its common shares, or any gain realized upon a disposition of common shares, as ordinary income and to pay an interest charge on a portion of such distribution or gain, unless the taxpayer makes a qualified electing fund ("QEF") election or a mark-to-market election with respect to the Company’s shares. A U.S. taxpayer who makes a QEF election generally must report on a current basis its share of the Company’s net capital gain and ordinary earnings for any year in which the Company is classified as a PFIC, whether or not the Company distributes any amounts to its shareholders.
U.S. investors may not be able to enforce their civil liabilities against the company or its directors, controlling persons and officers.
It may be difficult to bring and enforce suits against the Company. The Company is a corporation incorporated in Canada under the laws of British Columbia. All of the Company’s directors and officers are residents of nations other than the United States, and all of the Company’s assets and its subsidiaries are located outside of
10
the United States. Consequently, it may be difficult for United States investors to effect service of process in the United States upon those directors or officers who are not residents of the United States, or to realize in the United States upon judgments of United States courts predicated upon civil liabilities under United States securities laws. United States citizens may be required to petition Canadian Courts to enforce civil judgments obtained in the United States. There is substantial doubt whether an original action could be brought successfully in Canada against any of such persons or the Company predicated solely upon such civil liabilities under the U.S. Securities Act.
Broker-Dealers may be discouraged from effecting transactions in our common shares because they are considered "Penny Stocks" and are subject to the Penny Stock Rules.
Rules 15g-1 through 15g-9 promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, impose sales practice and disclosure requirements on FINRA broker-dealers who make a market in "a penny stock". A penny stock generally includes any equity security that has a market price of less than $5.00 per share that is not registered on certain national securities exchanges or quoted on the NASDAQ system. The additional sales practice and disclosure requirements imposed upon broker-dealers may discourage broker-dealers from effecting transactions in our shares, which could severely limit the market liquidity of the shares and impede the sale of our shares in the secondary market.
Under the penny stock regulations, a broker-dealer selling penny stock to anyone other than an established customer or "accredited investor" (generally, an individual with net worth in excess of US$1,000,000 or an annual income exceeding US$200,000 in each of the last two years, or US$300,000 together with his or her spouse) must make a special suitability determination for the purchaser and must receive the purchaser's written consent to the transaction prior to sale, unless the broker-dealer or the transaction is otherwise exempt.
In addition, the penny stock regulations require the broker-dealer to deliver, prior to any transaction involving a penny stock, a disclosure schedule prepared by the US Securities and Exchange Commission relating to the penny stock market, unless the broker-dealer or the transaction is otherwise exempt. A broker-dealer is also required to disclose commissions payable to the broker-dealer and the registered representative and current quotations for the securities. Finally, a broker-dealer is required to send monthly statements disclosing recent price information with respect to the penny stock held in a customer's account and information with respect to the limited market in penny stocks.
As a “Foreign Private Issuer”, the company is exempt from the Section 14 Proxy Rules and Section 16 of the 1934 Securities Act.
The submission of proxy and annual meeting of shareholder information (prepared to Canadian standards) on Form 6-K may result is shareholders having less complete and timely data. The exemption from Section 16 rules regarding sales of common shares by insiders may result in shareholders having less data.
Item 4. Information on the Company
DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
Introduction
Silver North's executive office is located at:
325 Howe Street, Suite 410, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6C 1Z7
Telephone: (604) 687-3520
Facsimile: (888) 889-4874
E-Mail: info@silvernorthres.com
Website: www.silvernorthres.com
11
The Contact person in Vancouver is Jason Weber, President and CEO.
The Company currently leases its corporate office space in Vancouver from Pacific Opportunity Capital Ltd., a related party, under a month to month, verbal agreement.
The Company’s fiscal year ends September 30th.
The Company's common shares trade on the TSX Venture Exchange under the symbol "SNAG".
The authorized share capital of the Company consists of an unlimited number common shares and unlimited number of preferred shares, issuable in series. As of January 27, 2025, there were 47,713,494 common shares and no preferred shares issued and outstanding, after accounting for a 1 for 5 common share consolidation effective August 14, 2023.
Corporate Background
The Company was originally incorporated under the Business Corporations Act (Alberta) under the name "Tarsis Capital Corp." on October 21, 2005. The Company continued into British Columbia under the Business Corporations Act (British Columbia) on April 25, 2008 and changed its name to "Tarsis Resources Ltd." on June 17, 2009. On April 29, 2015, the Company acquired all the issued and outstanding common shares of Estrella Gold Corporation by way of a court-approved plan of arrangement. Upon completion of the acquisition, the Company effected a common share consolidation of ten old shares for each new share and changed its name to “Alianza Minerals Ltd.”.
On August 14, 2023, the Company effected a common share consolidation of five old shares for one new share and changed its name to “Silver North Resources Ltd.”.
The Company has the following subsidiaries:
Name of Subsidiaries
| % of
ownership
|
Jurisdiction
|
Principal Activity
|
Alianza Holdings Ltd.
| 100%
| Canada
| Holding Company
|
Canadian Shield Explorations (Int’l) Ltd.
| 100%
| Canada
| Holding Company
|
Estrella Gold Peru S.A.C.
| 100%
| Peru
| Exploration Company
|
Estrella Gold DR, S.R.L. (1)
| 100%
| Dominican Republic
| Holding Company
|
Tarsis Resources US Inc.
| 100%
| Nevada, USA
| Holding Company
|
Yanac Minera Peru S.A.C.
| 100%
| Peru
| Exploration Company
|
(1) Estrella Gold DR, S.R.L is in the process of being wound up.
Currently, the Company conducts mineral exploration in Canada and has an interest in a leased mineral exploration property in the United States. The Company also retains royalty interests on properties in Mexico and Peru.
History and Development of the Business
The Company was originally incorporated as a Capital Pool Company (“CPC”) under the policies of the TSX Venture Exchange and began trading on the TSX Venture Exchange on March 1, 2006 under the symbol "TCC".
On April 27, 2007, the Company entered into a Letter of Intent with Almaden Minerals Ltd. and its subsidiary Minera Gavilan SA de CV to acquire certain mineral property interests held by Almaden and Gavilan located in
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the Yukon Territory and Mexico. These interests included 6 mineral properties (MOR, Cabin Lake, Caribou Creek, Meister River, Tim/Wolf, and Goz Creek) in the Yukon Territory and 1 property (Erika) located in Mexico. Consideration for the acquisition was the issuance of 350,000 common shares of the Company at a price of $4.00 per share (adjusted for the 1 for 10 common share consolidation effective April 29, 2015) and a net smelter return royalty of 2% on all mineral products discovered on the properties. A formal acquisition agreement was dated July 16, 2007, and represented the Company’s Qualifying Transaction under TSX Venture Exchange Policy 2.4. TSX approval was received on July 30, 2007.
In September 2007, the Company announced it had entered into an option agreement with ACME Resources where ACME could earn a 60% interest in the Tim property from the Company by issuing 1,000,000 common shares of ACME to the Company and completing $3,000,000 in exploration expenditures before September 10, 2011. This agreement and ACME's exploration spending triggered the bonus share clause in the acquisition agreement of the Tim property from Almaden. Therefore, an additional 50,000 common shares of the Company were issued to Almaden in Fiscal 2008. In November 2010, ACME withdrew from the option agreement and returned the Tim property to the Company. During the option period ACME increased the size of the property, by staking, to approximately 6,000 hectares and 288 claims.
In April 2015, the Company acquired all the issued and outstanding shares of Estrella Gold Corporation. Under the terms of the Plan of Arrangement, each Estrella shareholder received one common share of the Company for each Estrella common share. Estrella and the Company had officers and directors in common, and the acquisition was non-arms length. Estrella also operated as a mineral project generator with a focus on Peru, and their property interests included the advanced exploration properties Yanac and Pucarana. In connection with the Plan of Arrangement with Estrella Gold Corporation, the Company effected a 1 for 10 common share consolidation and changed its name to Alianza Minerals Ltd. effective April 29, 2015.
In May 2015, the Company and the other property owners agreed to sell the Pucarana property in Peru to Compania de Minas Buenaventura S.A.A. (“Buenaventura”) in exchange for a 3% Net Smelter Royalty. The property is adjacent to Buenaventura’s operating Orcopampo Gold Mine in Arequipa, Peru. The Company had a 36% interest in the property and received a net 1.08% NSR.
In February 2016, the Company sold its Yago, Mezquites and San Pedro properties in Mexico to Almadex Minerals Limited for a 1% NSR capped at $1,000,000.
During fiscal 2018, the Company acquired two new properties in Canada known as Haldane and KRL. The Company can acquire a 100% interest in Haldane in the Yukon in exchange for staged payments of cash and stock, subject to a 2% NSR. The Company can earn a 100% interest in KRL in British Columbia in exchange for staged payments of cash and stock and $2.25 million in exploration expenditures over 5 years, subject to a 1% NSR. During the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, the Company dropped the KRL property and wrote off $336,975 of capitalized exploration and evaluation costs.
In January 2020, Coeur Mining Inc. signed an option agreement on the Company’s Tim Property in the Yukon. Under the agreement, Coeur can earn an 80% interest in the property by funding $3.55 million in exploration over five years and paying Alianza $575,000 in cash payments over eight years. The 2020 exploration program on Tim was planned to consist of detailed mapping, soil geochemical surveys, and reopening old trenches for sampling. However, since the required permits for the exploration program were not received until late in 2020, the program was deferred.
In February 2022, the Company issued a Technical Report on the Haldane Property prepared by Equity Exploration Consultants Ltd.
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During the year ended September 30, 2023, the Company sold its BP property in Nevada to Almadex for consideration of the repayment of the property fees the Company paid in fiscal 2023. The Company also dropped its East Walker property in Nevada. In Peru, the Company sold its project data associated with its former La Estrella project to Highland Silver Corp. for payment of $15,000 and the issuance of 75,000 common shares of Highlander to the Company.
On August 14, 2023, the Company changed its name to Silver North Resources to reflect its new focus on silver exploration and the metal’s pivotal role in sustainable technologies.
In May 2024, the Company optioned the GDR Silver Project in southern Yukon. To earn a 100% interest, subject to a 2.4% NSR, the Company must make staged cash payments of $102,000 and staged shares issuances of 1,560,000 common shares over four years. The Project consists of 3 properties located near the Company’s Tim project which are prospective for Carbonate Replacement Deposits.
During the year ended September 30, 2024, the Company transferred its interest in its three Colorado exploration properties back to the original vendors and has no further interest in those properties. Dropping these properties allows the Company to focus its efforts and capital on its core silver exploration properties.
Business Overview
The Company is a silver focused exploration company, with its primary focus on its Haldane and Tim silver properties in the Yukon Territory, Canada. The Company also has interests in other mineral exploration projects located in the Yukon Territory and a leased property in Nevada, USA. The Company also retains Net Smelter Royalties on a property in Peru and several properties in Mexico. The Company and all of its properties are at the exploration stage. There is no assurance that a commercially viable resource deposit is present on any of the Company’s properties, and additional exploration is required before it is determined if any property is economically and legally viable.
Operations are not seasonal as the Company can conduct certain exploration activities on its properties year-round. To date, the Company’s revenue has been limited to property option payments from optionees of certain of its mineral properties, interest on its cash balances, and sale of marketable securities and therefore it is not currently dependent upon market prices for its operations, nor is it dependent upon any patents, licenses or manufacturing processes. The Company’s operations are dependent upon exploration rights and claims as well as the terms of option and/or joint venture agreements on those properties. Please see the individual property descriptions below for the details of each of the Company’s current exploration projects.
The following information is an overview of the government requirements which apply to mineral exploration in the jurisdictions of each of the Company’s property locations.
In Canada, mining law is a provincial or territorial matter. Maintaining a mineral property requires annual assessment work or cash in lieu of work. Prior to starting a work program, an application describing the program is submitted to the government authorities and this is then distributed for comment to various departments for review, such as fisheries or forestry that may discern impact from the proposed work. The government has an obligation to consult with First Nation groups in the area that may have a land claim over the mineral claims, but this consultation is often delegated to the Company to handle. A memorandum of understanding may have to be negotiated with the First Nation before the government will issue a permit to work. If there is to be any environmental impact, an appropriate reclamation amount is determined, and a bond is posted by the Company for this amount before the permit is issued.
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In the United States, federal mining laws govern mining claims on federal land, including land administered by the Bureau of Land Management (“BLM”). A payment of US$140 per claim is payable to the BLM by September 1 of each year per twenty acre mining claim. This is filed in advance for the upcoming assessment year. Prior to any exploration activity, an Exploration Plan is submitted to the BLM that outlines the work program and describes any proposed land disturbance. Reclamation plans are also submitted and an appropriate bond to ensure such reclamation is done may have to be provided before the permit is issued.
Mineral Properties
The Company currently has interests in mineral exploration properties in the Yukon Territory, Canada, and in the United States Nevada, USA. All of the Company's properties are currently at the exploration stage. The Company also has royalty interests on properties in Mexico and Peru.
Canadian Properties
Yukon Properties
Haldane Property
The Haldane property is a 8,579 hectare silver/lead/zinc exploration project located 25 kilometers west of Keno City, in the western portion of the Keno Hill Silver District in the Yukon. The Company has a 100% interest in the property, subject to a 2% NSR on a portion of the claims.
The project is at the exploration stage and currently does not contain proven mineral reserves.
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How Acquired
The Company has two separate acquisition agreements on the Haldane Property.
Under the first agreement dated March 2, 2018, the Company agreed to purchase a 100% interest in 388 claims totaling 7,665 hectares from Equity Exploration Consultants Ltd. (“Equity”) by issuing shares and cash payments to Equity under the following schedule:
·Issue to Equity 2,000,000 (400,000 post-consolidation) shares upon receipt of TSX-V approval (shares issued);
·making two staged cash payments of $50,000 each to Equity by June 30, 2018 (paid) and June 30, 2019 (paid);
·making a final $100,000 payment in cash or by issuing the number of shares of equivalent value at Silver North’s election, on June 30, 2019 ($25,000 cash paid and $75,000 of shares issued); and
·by making the following bonus share payments to Equity:
oissuing Equity 50,000 post-consolidation shares of Silver North upon the public disclosure of a Measured Mineral Resource (as such term is defined in National Instrument 43-101 - Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects) of 5 million oz silver-equivalent at 500 g/t silver-equivalent;
oissuing Equity 100,000 post-consolidation shares of Silver North upon the decision to commence construction of a mine or processing plant on any part of the Haldane Property.
The Company also agreed to assume all obligations with respect to an underlying 2% NSR on these claims, and grant Equity the right to manage all exploration at Haldane through 2023.
Under the second acquisition agreement dated April 12, 2018, the agreed to purchase a 100% interest in 44 claims totaling 914 hectares contiguous to the claims in the first acquisition agreement from the estate of Yukon prospector John Peter Ross (the “Estate”) by issuing shares and making cash payments under the following schedule:
·issue 100,000 (20,000 post-consolidation) shares to the Estate upon receipt of TSX-Venture approval (shares issued);
·make cash payment of $10,000 to the Estate by June 30, 2018 (paid);
·make cash payment of $20,000 (paid) and issue 125,000 (25,000 post-consolidation) shares (issued) to the Estate by April 12, 2019;
·make cash payment of $20,000 (paid) and issue 125,000 (25,000 post-consolidation) shares (issued) to the Estate by April 12, 2020;
·make cash payment of $25,000 (paid) and issue 150,000 (30,000 post-consolidation) shares (issued) to the Estate by April 12, 2021; and
·make bonus share payments to the Estate as follows:
oissue 50,000 post-consolidation shares to the Estate upon the public disclosure of a Measured Mineral Resource (as such term is defined in National Instrument 43-101- Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects) of 5 million oz silver-equivalent at 500g/t silver-equivalent;
o100,000 post-consolidation shares to be issued upon the decision to commence construction of a mine or processing plant.
Location and Access
The property consists of 432 contiguous quartz mineral claims for a total of 8,579 hectares located 25 kilometers west of Keno City along the Silver Trail highway between Mayo and Keno City. The property is within 5
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kilometers of the highway, and primary access is via a four-wheel drive road. The location is within the historic Keno Hill mining district, which has produced silver for over 100 years.
Hydro-electric power is generated at Mayo Lake, 15 km south of the property, and a power line follows Highway 11 to the Keno Hill mining district, passing a few kilometers east of the property. Mayo, with a population of approximately 500 people, is the local supply center and a local airport with scheduled air service from Whitehorse. Travel time to Whitehorse by road is approximately 4 1/2 hours via Yukon Highways 11 and 2.
Regional and Property Geology
The Keno Hill District began producing silver in 1913, and historic production ranks as one the highest-grade silver districts in the world. The Yukon government Minfile (2003) production statistics for the period of 1913-1989 indicate that 4.87 million tonnes were mined at an average grade of 1,389 grams/tonne (g/t) silver, 5.62% lead and 3.14% zinc with total production of over 200 million ounces of silver through 1989. Over 65 deposits and prospects have been identified in the district.
Mineralization at the Haldane Property consists of structurally-controlled, silver-bearing veins of galena, sphalerite, tetrahedrite and pyrargyrite, with gangue of manganiferous siderite and quartz in veins hosted within Keno Hill quartzite in proximity to the Robert Service Thrust which is similar to many of the other identified silver deposits in the district.
The north-trending Mt. Haldane Vein System (MHVS) is the main target area on the property, where initial exploration dates back to 1918. Early workers hand sorted ore from underground workings at the Middlecoff Zone on the south side of Bighorn Creek in 1918-19, recovering a reported 24.7 tonnes of ore averaging 3,102 g/t silver and 59% lead. Later work at the Johnson Zone on the north side of Big Horn creek recovered 2.1 tonnes of ore averaging 4,602 g/t silver and 57.9% lead in 1927.
Exploration History
Very little work was done in the area from the late 1920’s until the 1960s when two companies worked what are now the Haldane claims. One held the ground covering the MHVS on the western half of the property, rehabilitating the old workings and discovering additional mineralization through minor soil sampling and extensive bulldozer trench work. An optionor completed 701 m overburden drilling in 44 holes, one surface drill hole for 61.6 m, 487 m of underground drifting, mostly around the Johnson Zone, and 518 m of underground drilling around the Middlecoff Zone. The eastern half of the property was mapped, prospected and sampled during the same period by another owner, identifying silver-lead-zinc showings. Sporadic work continued on the property in the late 1970s and early 2000s looking for tin-tungsten and intrusion-related gold mineralization, respectively.
The most recent work on the property prior to the Company’s acquisition was completed by the Equity Exploration Consultants Inc (the property vendor) in 2010 and 2011 on behalf of an optionor. Work included upgrading the road access to the property, mapping, prospecting, soil geochemical sampling and 1800 meters of diamond drilling in two phases. This drilling extended the mineralization associated with the historic Johnson and Middlecoff zones, intersecting wide, strong structures. However, the extremely broken and strongly oxidized nature of the mineralized zones resulted in poor recoveries and limited remnant sulphide minerals potentially affecting the reliability of the assay results. Management believes that with an appropriate drill budget, larger diameter coring and testing lower parts of the system where the oxidation does not run as deep will lead to better recoveries and silver-lead-zinc concentrations in assays.
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In December 2018, the Company received a Class 3 Mining Land Use approval which allows for multiple phases of exploration. The permit is valid until November 25, 2028, subject to the standard restrictions and conditions contained in the Yukon Quartz Mining Act and the Quartz Mining Land Use Regulations.
After acquiring its interest in the property, the Company engaged Equity to conduct a 2018 exploration program. The program included mapping, prospecting and soil sampling peripheral to known mineralization at the MHVS, covering areas of the property that had not been explored in detail since at least the 1960’s. Mapping and prospecting located alteration and mineralization associated with several historical geochemical anomalies in the North Star Creek drainage, including galena-siderite mineralization, an assemblage that is typical in the faults/veins of the Keno Hill Mining district, two kilometers east of the MHVS at the Strebchuk Showing.
Trenching near the Johnson Adit (a component of MHVS) exposed a 15-metre wide fault zone in a lengthened historic trench. Black gouge and breccia with local concentrations of iron oxides and traces of galena were sampled. A second trench on the Ross Ag-Pb-Zn soil anomaly, two kilometers south of the MHVS, did not reach bedrock but did contain abundant quartzite and phyllitic quartzite float, rock units known to host larger vein structures in the Keno Hill District. Soil samples were taken at 5 m intervals along the 65-metre length of the trench and select rock samples of the float material were collected as well.
A total of 1,195 soil samples and 55 rock samples were collected predominantly in areas that had no previous or recent sampling, testing possible mineralized faults and lineaments outside of the relatively well-known Mt Haldane Vein System.
The Bighorn Anomaly is a new target based on anomalous soil geochemistry located approximately 2.8 kilometers west of the Mt Haldane Vein System. The anomaly stretches approximately 750 meters north-south by 150-250 meters east-west in a previously unknown area for mineralization. The anomaly contains lead (Pb) in soil which is the highest result outside of the Mt Haldane Vein System, supported by greater than 98th percentile Ag results. No significant mapping or prospecting has been done in the area to date. The orientation of the anomaly is consistent with the northerly trend of most of the mineralized structures on the Haldane property. The anomaly straddles the main access road on the property in an area of poor bedrock exposure.
The Ross lead-zinc-silver soil anomaly was extended to 600 m in length, doubling the known strike length with anomalous results open to north. Soil results also suggest a second, parallel, mineralized zone 100 to 150 meters east. A lack of outcrop in this area hindered evaluation of the Ross Anomaly on surface. A single 65 meter long, east-west oriented trench excavated near the south end of the anomaly failed to reach bedrock due to 4 meter thick overburden. Nonetheless, soil samples at 5 m intervals along the trench returned highly anomalous results, possibly reflecting proximity to buried mineralization. Results for lead potentially indicate a bedrock source of mineralization at depth. The Ross Anomaly is situated 1.8 kilometers south on strike from the Mt Haldane Vein System and the presence of multiple mineralized structures suggests it could be the extension of the vein system. This would give the Mt Haldane Vein System a strike length of at least 3.5 kilometers.
On the north side of the property, soil sampling delineated a narrow, 1000 meter long Pb-Ag-Sn-Zn anomaly where sampling in mid-1960’s had detected scattered anomalous Pb-Zn results. The North Star anomaly is continuous from the north side of the grid before disappearing to the south where it meets glacial and fluvial material near North Star Creek. The extent of the anomaly is dominated by large quartzite boulder float with minimal outcrop and mapping detected minor alteration and mineralization along the anomaly. However, mineralization would likely be recessive and buried by the boulders. Significantly, the anomaly trends towards the Strebchuk Pb-Ag Showing, 700 meters further south, where galena-siderite mineralization occurs in a fracture zone in quartzite.
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During fiscal 2019, the Company completed a two phase exploration program on Haldane. Phase I consisted of additional soil geochemistry, mapping and trenching targeting the newly identified Bighorn and Ross anomalies and the Mt Haldane Vein System (MHVS). Trenching was completed at the Bighorn and MHVS areas with four trenches totaling 213 meters excavated. Mineralized faults mapped at the Bighorn target were strongly weathered at surface but returned anomalous lead and silver values. Continuous chip samples in trench BH02 returned 0.25% lead and 9.6 g/t silver over 10.9 meters, which included fault and heavily fractured and oxidized host rocks. Similar anomalous results were returned in trench BH01, 60 meters south. Soil geochemical results collected 300 meters south of BH01 on strike returned 63 g/t silver and greater than 1% lead, suggesting higher grade mineralization may be present.
The Phase II program consisted of four drill holes on targets identified by Phase I. The first two holes tested the Ross and Bighorn soil geochemical anomalies, neither of which had been previously tested by drilling.
At Bighorn, drill hole HLD19-51 cut a west to east cross section near the center of the 900 by 150 meter, north-south trending lead-silver-tin soil anomaly. Four significant north trending steep vein-structures were intersected, including a structure cut from 150 to 159 meters, and including 2.35 meters averaging 125 g/t silver and 4.4% lead from 154.15 meters depth within a wider 6.60 meter intersection that returned 50.1 g/t silver and 1.85% lead from 151.7 meters.
Results from Drill Hole HLD19-15 in the Bighorn Zone are contained in the following table:
From (m)
| To (m)
| Core Interval (m)
| Au (g/t)
| Ag (g/t)
| Pb (%)
| Zn (%)
| Core Recovery (%)
|
151.70
| 158.30
| 6.60
| 0.004
| 50.1
| 1.85
| 0.14
| 85
|
154.15
| 156.50
| 2.35
| 0.004
| 125.7
| 4.39
| 0.09
| 84
|
48.00
| 53.65
| 5.65
| 0.003
| 2.1
| 0.15
| 0.01
| 69
|
133.30
| 135.50
| 2.20
| 0.013
| 5.6
| 0.66
| 0.05
| 97
|
196.95
| 198.00
| 1.05
| 0.004
| 48.2
| 2.08
| 2.73
| 45
|
251.00
| 253.60
| 2.60
| 0.007
| 3.2
| 0.07
| 1.01
| 86
|
Mineralization consists of siderite-quartz-galena-sphalerite veins and/or breccia fillings, typical mineralogy for the vein-fault zones in the Keno Hill district. Locally, poor core recovery within these faults may have negatively impacted the results, such as in the interval from 196.95 to 198.00 m where despite recovering only 45% of the core from the interval, it assayed 48.2 g/t Ag, 2.08% Pb and 2.73% Zn.
At the Ross Target, the drill hole tested the Ross Anomaly, a 300 meter by 100-meter lead-zinc-silver soil anomaly, approximately 3 kilometers along trend from the Middlecoff Zone on the Mt Haldane Vein System. Drill hole HLD19-14 was drilled east at -50° for 225 m to cut under the soil anomaly looking for the lower Keno Hill contact and a potential structure related to the soil geochemical anomaly. The hole passed below the anomaly
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completely within schist and phyllite of the Sourdough Member. The hole contained evidence of mineralization in the schist/phyllite, including manganese and iron oxides in veinlets and shears at 69-71 m, and <0.1% galena-sphalerite disseminated along foliation at 87.4 to 94.0 meters but no significant assays were returned. The hole intersected quartzite below 180 m suggesting the initial target may exist deeper on the section.
The final two holes were drilled in the Middlecoff Zone of the Mt Haldane Vein System. Hole HLD19-16 totaled 187 meters and was drilled -60° at 085°. Hole HLD19-17 totaled 200 meters and was drilled -70° at 090°. Both holes targeted the Middlecoff Zone along strike from a high-grade silver-bearing vein which returned an average of 775 g/t Ag in a series of 17 historic chip samples averaging 1.0 meter wide over 13.7 meters of strike. Hole HLD19-16 targeted this zone along a shallow plunge and intersected significant mineralization in the Middlecoff Zone from 110.30 to 125.00 meters downhole, crossing at least three mineralized vein-faults; from 110.30 to 112.76 meters, from 115.46 to 117.70 meters, and from 120.55 to 122.57 meters.
The zones consist of strongly oxidized, fractured and broken core with fault gouge and little remnant sulphide. Between these structures, the core is altered and mineralized with galena present in veins where preserved. Of note is the uppermost intersection within the Middlecoff zone which included a 0.35 meter section of 996 g/t silver and 1.486 g/t gold. This mineralization was marked by elevated gold-copper-antimony-arsenic values in contrast to the other intersections downhole which are lower in these elements. Further downhole, two additional mineralized structures were also intersected from 133.00 to 133.40 meters and 153.55 to 156.00 meters in Footwall Veins.
Results from Drill Holes HLD19-16 and HLD19-17 in the Middlecoff Zone are contained in the following table:
Elevated accessory elements in the mineralized zone include zinc, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, indium, gold and tin. The CRM is hosted within a steep southeasterly dipping structural zone and is dominantly comprised of manganiferous carbonate and porous dark brown limonite. Hand trenching did not expose the hangingwall contact of the mineralized zone due to slough and extensive downslope cover. Historical soil geochemical response defines three distinct linear northwest trending silver-lead anomalies, each of which is continuously defined for a strike length of roughly 2,000 meters. All historical trenching was conducted along the trace of the central geochemical anomaly but the soil sample coverage was not completed over the mineralized zone encountered in trench T-3 or northwest along strike.
Sawn samples were approximately 4 centimeters in width, resulting in relatively large samples per interval, which the Company believes improves the reliability of the sampling. Samples were delivered to ALS Minerals in Whitehorse, Yukon for sample preparation and all analyses were completed in North Vancouver. Rock samples were weighed, dried, crushed and split being pulverized to 8% passing 75 microns. Silver and 50 other elements were analyzed using ICPMS techniques.
Coeur is funding exploration at Tim. A 2020 exploration program was planned to target high-grade silver-lead-zinc Carbonate Replacement Mineralization (“CRM”) similar to that occurring at Coeur’s producing Silvertip Mine located 12 kilometers south of the Tim property. The required Class I permit was not received until late in 2020. Therefore, the program was deferred and commenced in May 2021.
The 2021 exploration program at Tim targeted high-grade silver-lead-zinc Carbonate Replacement Mineralization (“CRM”), similar to that found at Coeur’s Silvertip operation. The program consisted of a SkyTEM airborne geophysical survey followed up by groundwork The SkyTEM airborne geophysical survey collected magnetic and resistivity data over the concessions to help identify and delineate structural features on the property and identified several conductors that appear to correlate with oxidized silver-bearing mineralization
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encountered in historic trenching programs by previous operators. Re-opening of the historic trenches in 2021 exposed oxidized material thought to be related to carbonate replacement mineralization, similar in nature to silver-bearing mineralization seen elsewhere in the region. Analytical results from trench samples are pending. In total, 1,298 soil samples, 38 rock chip and grab samples from the historic trenches, and 4 rock grab samples from regional reconnaissance were collected during the program.
Current and Anticipated Exploration
Coeur is the operator for exploration at Tim under the agreement. In preparation for drilling, a five-year Class 3 Land Use Permit was issued in June 2023. Due to the delays in receiving the permit, Coeur was unable to conduct their planned drill program in calendar 2023.
In July 2024, Coeur commenced the 2024 drilling program under the direction of Coeur’s exploration team based at Silvertip. 2,200 meters of drilling was planned to test the potential for CRD-style mineralization along almost 2,000 meters of strike length of prospective stratigraphy. Drilling targeted both structurally-hosted “chimney” style mineralization and stratigraphically controlled “manto” mineralization, including recent surface sampling to verify historical sampling 468.1 g/t silver, 21.1% lead, and 0.3% zinc over 4.0 meters from one re-opened trench and 265.0 g/t silver, 6.7% lead and 0.9% zinc over 8.8 meters from another trench, located approximately 200 meters along strike.
On August 19, 2024, the Company provided an update on exploration. All four holes drilled to date intersected the strongly oxidized Wolf structure and/or parallel splays of it. The Wolf Fault is noted to emplace overlying Kechika phyllite and argillites in fault contact with the underlying prospective Rosella Limestone Formation. At depth, parallel structures to the Wolf Fault are seen within the argillites of the Boya Formation that underlie the Rosella limestones. Geological and structural features that had been observed in the drilling to date consist of diagnostic features that are commonly associated with significant CRD mineralization and have been observed at the Silvertip deposits. Such characteristics include fugitive calcite veining that fluoresces in UV light (displaying the classic “barbeque” pink and orange fluorescence) and re-crystallization of the host limestones. These features suggest that the Wolf Fault target at Tim could be part of a productive CRD system.
Wolf Fault
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The 2024 drilling program at the Tim Property was completed in September and the drill was demobilized from site. A total of 2,252 meters were drilled in six holes in the program. Coeur indicated it would also be undertaking two additional detailed airborne geophysical surveys over the entire project consisting of magnetics and radiometrics surveys and a Mobile MT survey that has the potential to detect conductive features at much greater depths than the recent SkyTEM airborne survey of the property. These elements represented an expansion of the planned 2024 exploration program.
Analytical results from the 6 holes drilled by Coeur are expected around late February. After interpretation of the 2024 drill results, in conjunction with the data collected from airborne magnetics, radiometrics and mobile MT surveys, Coeur will prioritize targets for drilling. It is expected that Coeur will test these targets in 2025.
During the year ended September 30, 2024, Coeur was invoiced $9,750 (received) for reimbursements related to the Tim property.
GDR Project
In May 2024, the Company completed an option agreement with three prospectors who hold the GDR Project in southern Yukon. The GDR Project consists of three claim groups known as Veronica, MR, and MFW totaling 150 claims in the Silvertip-Midway District in the vicinity of Silver North’s Tim Silver Property. The GDR Project claims cover geology prospective for Carbonate Replacement Deposits (“CRD”) similar to that being explored at Tim and at Coeur’s nearby Silvertip Mine Project.
The Company can earn a 100% interest in the GDR property under the following terms:
Date/Period
| Cash
| Shares
|
On the Closing Date (5 business days following TSX Venture Exchange’s approval) **
| $6,000 (paid)
| 180,000 (issued)
|
On or before 1st anniversary of the Closing Date
| $6,000
| 180,000
|
On or before 2nd anniversary of the Closing Date
| $20,000
| 240,000
|
On or before 3rd anniversary of the Closing Date
| $30,000
| 240,000
|
On or before 4th anniversary of the Closing Date
| $40,000
| 720,000
|
** Closing Date is defined as May 29, 2024.
On exercise of the option, the GDR property will be subject to a Net Smelter Return (NSR) royalty of 2.4%, 0.9% of which can be purchased for $2,000,000 by the Company until 6 months after the start of production.
The three claim groups comprising the GDR Project are road and trail accessible with excellent potential for high-grade Ag-Zn-Pb CRD mineralization similar to the nearby Silvertip mine project owned by Coeur. The project claims have Ag-Pb-Zn showings and multi-element soil geochemical anomalies underlain by Paleozoic limestone, in a similar geological setting to CRD mineralization at Silvertip.
32
Veronica is located 11 km by road north of Silvertip and within 2km of Silver North’s Tim project. MR and MFW are located a further 10km and 17km north, and north of the Alaska Highway.
At Veronica a multi-element soil anomaly of silver, lead and zinc has been defined over an area 450 by 450 m and is open to the east. This new anomaly has not been trenched, drilled or explained by prospecting and presents a compelling target for exploration follow up. Limestone and quartzite outcrop in the area. Further south on the Veronica property and along the Yukon border, high silver, lead and zinc values in soils are associated with quartz veins cutting Paleozoic shales and have not been explained.
The MFW property covers a discontinuous 1500 m-long silver-lead-zinc soil anomaly that remains unexplained. Confirmation sampling within the anomaly was conducted in 2016. The anomalous elements are suggestive of a potential CRD style mineralized source. Nearby outcrops consist of limestone and quartzite.
The MR property covers a number of historic trenches excavated to explore a series of carbonate-hosted, zinc-oxide prospects. A vein structure was discovered in 2016 and chip sampled in 2018 with lead, silver and zinc values. Soil sampling to the southeast of this structure has defined an anomaly over 300 by 500m of silver values with associated anomalous Pb and Zn concentrations. The anomaly remains unexplored and unexplained. No exploration work was completed on any of the three projects in 2024.
33
The Veronica claim group partially lies within the Area of Interest surrounding the Tim Property, and as such, the Company is obligated to offer the Veronica for inclusion within the Tim Option agreement between Silver North and Coeur. If Coeur agrees to include the Veronica claims, it will reimburse one half of Silver North’s acquisition costs.
White River Property
The White River Property is located in the western portion of the Yukon Territory. Currently, the property consists of 308 mineral claims (approximately 6,400 hectares). The Company has a 100% interest in the property.
The project is at the exploration stage and currently does not contain proven mineral reserves.
White River Property Location Map
How Acquired
During fiscal 2010, the Company acquired the White River property through staking. Additional claims were staked in the first quarter of fiscal 2011.
Location and Access
The property is located in the west-central Yukon 11 kilometers north of the settlement of Koidem and approximately 400 kilometers northwest of Whitehorse, Yukon. A grass airstrip is located 15 kilometers southwest of the property at White River Lodge, which is adjacent to the paved Alaska Highway, which can be seen from the property. Travel within the property is primarily by helicopter. There is no infrastructure on the property, and no outside source of power.
34
Regional Geology
The property lies at the western end of the Nisling Mountain Range within the Tintina Gold Province. The property lies at the western end of the Nisling Range, within the Tintina Gold Province, a 200-km-wide, 1,200-km-long arc which extends from northern British Columbia through the Yukon west to southwest Alaska.
Property Geology
The property covers an area of hydrothermal alteration and mineralization indicative of both intrusion related copper-gold and epithermal gold-silver mineralizing environment. Quartz and carbonate veining are present, primarily in east-west linear zones. Siliceous metasediments are present, along with mafic volcanics. A number of felsic dykes intrude these rocks. Abundant outcrop occurs on the property, particularly within a northwesterly facing moderately sloping cirque.
Exploration History
Prior to the Company's staking of the property, there is no known exploration history. During 2009, the Yukon Geological Survey and Geological Survey of Canada completed an airborne magnetic and radiometric survey over a wide area, which included the White River Property. The Company used this survey, along with a Government regional stream sediment database, to stake the initial 48 claims.
Subsequent to the initial claim staking, the Company commissioned a soil geochemical survey, as well as performing additional prospecting and reconnaissance work. Assays were received for 47 select prospecting samples collected from the main zone of mineralization on the property, which is roughly 350 by 600 meters. These samples returned gold, silver and copper values. As a result of this work, the Company staked an additional 120 claims, which increased the size of the property to 168 claims.
Detailed prospecting identified a east-trending gold zone ("HG zone") defined by strongly anomalous gold-in-soil response over an 800-meter strike length. An additional 140 claims were staked to cover prospective geology north and east of the original claim block. A new target zone, known as the "Cool Zone", was identified through follow-up prospecting of anomalous copper-in-soil geochemical anomalies defined in the 2010 soil sampling. The Cool Zone is located approximately 500 meters north of the HG Zone, and samples returned gold, silver and copper values.
During 2011, the Company conducted prospecting, mapping, two phases of soil sampling and hand trenching, along with a preliminary induced polarization (IP) survey. Highlights from this work included the discovery of 1.0 meters grading 82.2 g/t gold from trench TR-HG11-02, as well as strongly anomalous gold values from nine of eleven trenches excavated. The Company also added 27 claims to the property to cover anomalous soil samples on the eastern side of the property, approximately 8 kilometers from the HG zone.
Soil samples were weighed, dried and sieved to minus 180 microns. Fire assay procedures were followed by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Assays for the program were conducted by ALS Minerals. Sample preparation was conducted at ALS Whitehorse and final analysis at ALS Minerals North Vancouver, B.C.
In April 2012, the Company signed an option agreement with Driven Capital Corp. Under the option agreement, Driven could earn a 60% interest in the White River Property by making cash payments to the Company of $400,000, issuing 2,000,000 Driven common shares to the Company, and completing $4,250,000 in exploration expenditures on the property.
35
Driven funded the 2012 exploration program on the property, which included 1,327 meters of diamond drilling in seven holes to partially test structurally associated gold-copper-silver mineralization in localized portions of the HG, MB and Cool zones. All drill holes encountered multiple, well-developed shear zones from 1 to 40 meters in drill thickness and mineralized by combinations of quartz-feldspar veining, pyrite-arsenopyrite-chalcopyrite veining and breccias, carbonate ± sulphide veining and breccia, limonitic fracture networks and gossans, present in complex, multiple cross-cutting relationships. About half of the shear zones intercepted by drilling can be correlated with trench exposures and surface lineaments, while the other half are blind with no surface geologic or geochemical indications. The presence of these blind zones is very encouraging and suggests that the degree of structural preparation and hydrothermal fluid flow is greater than initially thought.
Each drill hole encountered poor core recovery to total loss of core due to the high degree of fracturing, strong surface oxidation/weathering and presence of clay-rich gouge. The poor core recovery occurred in intervals of 1.0 to 3.0 meters in drill thickness within one or more shear zones in each drill hole. Since these intervals of missing geologic and assay data occur within some of the mineralized shear zones, drilling was not completely successful in testing the near surface mineralized zones. Moderately elevated gold values were identified in six of the seven holes. Elevated gold intervals are coincident with strongly anomalous arsenic and bismuth. All assays were carried out by ALS Canada Ltd. with sample preparation in Whitehorse and analysis in North Vancouver, B.C. Gold and silver were analyzed by 30 g fire assay with gravimetric finish; thirty-five element ICP analysis with four-acid digestion was also conducted.
Elsewhere on the property, two select prospecting samples which were not previously sampled were collected from the spoil pile of a trench which was excavated at the MS2 Showing in 2011, approximately 500 meters south of the HG Zone. The two samples returned 18.90 and 3.25 g/t gold and both samples have strongly anomalous accessory arsenic, bismuth and tellurium. The MS2 Showing is an alpine plateau coincident with a well-defined IP chargeability anomaly and remains untested by diamond drilling.
In February 2013, Driver returned the project to the Company after expending approximately $833,000 on exploration. The 2012 diamond drill program was localized within a very small portion of the White River West gold-copper-arsenic geochemical anomaly and has not sufficiently explained the extensive soil geochemical surface expression of the White River mineralizing system. Additional areas of arsenic-copper±gold soil geochemical response previously outlined require further exploration.
Current and Anticipated Exploration
The Company is currently seeking a joint-venture partner for the White River property.
Goz Creek Property
The Goz Creek Property is located in the east-central portion of the Yukon Territory. Currently, the property consists of 90 mineral claims (approximately 1,800 hectares). The Company has a 100% interest in the property, subject to a 2% Net Smelter Return Royalty (“NSR”).
The project is at the exploration stage and currently does not contain proven mineral reserves.
36
Location and Access
The property is located east-central Yukon, 180 kilometers northeast of Mayo. Access to the property is by helicopter. There is no infrastructure on the property, and no nearby power supply. Several rivers cross the property and provide a consistent water supply.
Regional and Property Geology
The property covers an area of Lower Cambrian carbonate rocks that host stratabound replacement zinc mineralization of the Mississippi Valley Type. Mineralization is dominated by low iron sphalerite occuring in a stratabound and discordant zones within a locally extensive dolostone unit. The highest grades in the Main Zone is hosted within silica breccia believed to be associated with moderately to steeply dipping north north-easterly trending faults. Trace to moderate amounts of finely disseminated pyrite are observed in some drill core and coarse-grained galena bearing outcrops are visible at various locations on the property peripheral to the Main Zone.
Exploration History
Initial discovery on the property occurred in 1973. Exploration conducted in 1974 and 1975 included geochemical soil sampling, mapping and prospecting, and 55 diamond drill holes. This drilling program outlined a zinc resource in the Main Zone. A significant portion of the drill core from the 1974 and 1975 drilling is stored on the property.
In 2008, the Company completed a 7 hole diamond drill program totaling 722 meters to test down-dip and along strike from the historic resource at the main zone. Significant results from this program include:
Hole
|
From
|
To
| Interval
(m)
| Zn
(%)
| Ag
(g/t)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GZ-08-56
| No significant mineralization observed - no samples collected
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GZ-08-57
| 15.57
| 40.16
| 24.59
| 5.73
| 2.25
|
including
| 22.67
| 40.16
| 17.49
| 6.67
| 2.99
|
including
| 33.22
| 33.51
| 0.29
| 41.25
| 45.00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GZ-08-58
| 35.51
| 76.19
| 40.68
| 13.55
| 29.88
|
including
| 48.28
| 76.19
| 27.91
| 17.19
| 39.67
|
37
including
| 72.68
| 76.19
| 3.51
| 32.89
| 43.48
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 93.80
| 108.49
| 14.69
| 8.56
| 6.76
|
including
| 93.80
| 98.90
| 5.10
| 21.93
| 14.19
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GZ-08-59
| 68.1
| 78.1
| 10.00
| 1.89
| 0.62
|
including
| 68.1
| 70.1
| 2.00
| 3.03
| 1.52
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GZ-08-60
| 24.13
| 49.44
| 25.31
| 7.00
| 5.10
|
including
| 26.13
| 30.88
| 4.75
| 14.00
| 11.45
|
including
| 46.48
| 49.44
| 2.96
| 20.21
| 17.35
|
including
| 48.74
| 49.44
| 0.70
| 62.05
| 45.10
|
GZ-08-61
| 25.54
| 53.04
| 27.50
| 12.83
| 10.91
|
including
| 28.74
| 38.03
| 9.29
| 19.48
| 14.47
|
including
| 37.01
| 38.03
| 1.02
| 43.20
| 7.06
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GZ-08-62
| 61.11
| 98.78
| 37.67
| 6.98
| 3.06
|
including
| 77.68
| 98.78
| 21.10
| 10.32
| 4.88
|
including
| 96.02
| 96.55
| 0.53
| 32.74
| 15.80
|
The Company also conducted gravity surveys over the Main Zone and the Walt Ridge prospect, and identified numerous mineralized showings elsewhere on the property.
Assays for the program were conducted by ALS Minerals. Sample preparation was conducted at ALS Whitehorse and final analysis at ALS Minerals North Vancouver, B.C. Rock samples and drill core were weighed, dried, crushed and split being pulverized to 8% passing 75 microns. Fire assay procedures were followed by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Reference standards were sourced from CDN Resource Laboratories Ltd.
Current and Anticipated Exploration
The Company is currently seeking a joint-venture partner for the Goz Creek property.
MOR Property
The MOR Property is located in the southern Yukon Territory. Currently, the property consists of 290 mineral claims (approximately 6,000 hectares). The Company has a 100% interest in the property, subject to a 2% Net Smelter Return Royalty (“NSR”).
The project is at the exploration stage and currently does not contain proven mineral reserves.
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How Acquired
The Company acquired a 100% interest in the property in July 2007 through its agreement with Almaden Minerals Ltd. the Company acquired 100% interest in 7 properties, including MOR, in exchange for 350,000 (70,000 post-consolidation) common shares of the Company at a price of $4.00 ($20.00 post-consolidation) per share and a net smelter return royalty of 2% on all mineral products discovered on the properties. After the completion of the acquisition of the 52 Almaden claims, the Company increased the size of the property by staking additional claims in fiscal 2007 and 2008.
Location and Access
The property is located south-central Yukon in the Watson Lake Mining District, 180 kilometers west of Watson Lake and 35 kilometers east of Teslin, Yukon. Access is via the paved Alaska Highway, which lies 1.5 kilometers south of the property. Access throughout the property is primarily by helicopter. There is no infrastructure on the property. The nearest power supply is approximately 35 kilometers away in the community of Teslin.
The property lies at an elevation of approximately 2700 to 4300 feet in mixed forest and sub-alpine terrain. Summers are moderate, and winters are cold, with moderate precipitation that averages several feet of snowfall each year.
Some of the property is situated on Category B Settlement Lands of the Teslin Tlingit Council ("TTC"), Yukon First Nations, which holds a fee simple surface title pursuant to its 1993 Final Agreement with the governments of Canada and the Yukon. Although the Company owns 100% of the mineral rights, permission from the TTC is required for entry to the lands to conduct exploration.
Regional Geology
The region lies within the Canadian Corillera in the Omineca Belt, a zone of uplifted metamorphic and intrusive rocks. In the property area, the belt has several deformed Paleozoic assemblages, which include a portion of the Tanana Terrane lying between the Teslin Fault to the west and the Cassiar terrane to the east. This Devono-Mississippian stratigraphy is known as the Big Salmon Complex. This Complex is similar to other units which host known volcanogenic massive sulphide ("VMS") deposits elsewhere in the Yukon.
39
Property Geology
The property is underlain by a thick sequence of green quartz-chlorite and chlorite schists, which are mafic to intermediate volcanic tuffs and minor flows. The mafic rocks are interbedded with quartz chlorite schist and intermediate tuff, which contain various amounts of parallel quartz and feldspar. The rocks are strongly deformed.
Mineralization is Kuroko style volcanic hosted massive sulphide ("VHMS") mineralization. Exploration has identified a number of heavily disseminated, semi-massive and massive sulphide horizons.
Exploration History
The initial claims were staked in 1997 to cover a small zone of base and precious metal values in soil and subcrop. Work conducted by Almaden including hand pitting and trenching, as well as prospecting and reconnaissance on and around the original claims. Geochemical surveys and sampling were performed, and additional claims were added. In 2004, a two-phase exploration program was completed, which included a 4.5 line-km Induced Polarization (IP) survey, and two drill locations were selected to test for mineralization at depth. A total of 185.3 meters was drilled, and both holes encountered several (0.35 to 4.9 meters) intervals of significant gold, silver, copper and zinc mineralization.
After acquisition of the property in July 2007, the Company completed a Versatile Time Domain Electromagnetic (VTEM) airborne geophysical survey which identified a number of conductors on the property. Several of the conductors were coincident with soil geochemical anomalies and the location of previous drilling.
Four diamond drill holes totaling 685 meters was completed within a 300 meter portion of a 2,500 meter long soil geochemical anomaly during 2007 All holes intersected massive to semi-massive sulphide mineralization with significant copper, zinc, silver and gold values, including 5.46 meters of 1.20% copper, 2.85% zinc, 1.356 g/t gold and 55.8 g/t silver from drill hole MOR 07-03 and 7.80 meters of 1.18% copper, 1.52% zinc, 1.256 g/t gold and 52.2 g/t silver from drill hole MOR 07-02.
An additional 172 claims were staked in 2007 to cover a series of anomalies outlined during the VTEM survey. During 2008, additional prospecting to follow up on geophysical anomalies was completed. This work resulted in the discovery of several new mineralized outcrops, including the Mag, SD, and Bean zones.
An eight hole drill program totaling 1,703 meters was completed in 2008. Three holes tested the original Discovery Horizon at 100 meter step-outs to the east, Each of the holes encountered the target horizon but contained decreasing sulphide and metal content. Two holes tested the down-dip extension of the thickest sulphide accumulations encountered by prior drilling. Neither of the holes encountered significant mineralization. One hole was drilled to test a near surface IP conductor. A narrow sulphide band near the top of the hole associated with the lower lens of the Discovery Horizon was cut, but did not encounter significant mineralization near the IP conductor. The remaining two holes were completed in the SD zone approximately 2 kilometers south of the Discovery Horizon. Both holes encountered narrow massive sulphide intervals.
In 2009, the Company performed a property-wide program of lithogeochemical sampling, as well as additional gravity surveys and prospecting. In September 2009, the Highway claims were acquired from Strategic Metals and added to the MOR property. These claims cover a similar stratigraphy adjacent to the MOR claims block that is also prospective for VHMS mineralization. In 2007, Strategic completed VTEM surveys over the Highway claims that identified a strong linear EM anomaly.
In 2010, the Company collected soil geochemical samples over the newly acquired Highway claims which returned weakly anomalous copper and zinc values over a portion of the claims. A two hole diamond drill
40
program totaling 443.83 meters was completed at the east end of the Discovery Zone. This drilling was designed to test the IP and gravity anomaly defined in 2009. Drilling intercepted massive, semi-massive and heavily disseminated sulphides. Highlights from the program are:
Hole
|
From
|
To
| Interval
(m)
| Cu
(%)
| Au
(g/t)
| Ag
(g/t)
| Zn
(%)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
MOR 10-01
| 85.10
| 92.90
| 7.80
| 0.71
| 0.41
| 19.3
| 0.80
|
including
| 92.25
| 92.90
| 0.65
| 1.43
| 1.13
| 49.1
| 1.98
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
MOR 10-02
| No Significant Assays
|
Assays for the program were conducted by ALS Minerals. Sample preparation was conducted at ALS Whitehorse and final analysis at ALS Minerals North Vancouver, B.C. Rock samples and drill core were weighed, dried, crushed and split being pulverized to 8% passing 75 microns. For gold assays, fire assay procedures were followed by atomic absorption spectroscopy. For silver and trace element assays, a 51 element “ultra trace” method is utilized using aqua regia acid and analyzed using inductively coupled plasma and mass spectroscopy.
The drilling successfully intersected an extension to the Discovery Horizon, which has now been tested and is apparently continuous over 600 meters of strike length.
Current and Anticipated Exploration
The Company believes it has satisfactorily explained the geochemical anomaly identified through prior augur soil sampling and that significant potential exists for the discovery of additional VHMS mineralization on the property, particularly in the Discovery Zone.
The Company is currently seeking a joint-venture partner for the Mor property.
British Columbia Property
KRL Property
The KRL property was a 781 hectare gold exploration project located within the Golden Triangle of northwest British Columbia. The Company could acquire a 100% interest in the property, subject to a 1% NSR.
During the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, the Company dropped the KRL property and wrote off $336,975 of capitalized exploration and evaluation costs.
United States Properties
Colorado Properties
Twin Canyon Property
The Twin Canyon Property was a 450 hectare (1,100 acre) gold exploration project located in La Plata and Montezuma Counties in Southwest Colorado, approximately 20 kilometers from the town of Mancos.
41
How Acquired
Under an agreement dated June 17, 2020, the Company acquired a lease on the property under the following terms:
·Make cash payments of US$26,000 ($34,681) to Myron Goldstein and US$32,000 ($42,685) to Jon Thorson (paid) and issue 250,000 (50,000 post-consolidation) common shares to Myron Goldstein and 250,000 (50,000 post-consolidation) common shares to Jon Thorson (shares issued);
·Issue 500,000 (100,000 post-consolidation) common shares five business days following the date the Company stakes any mineral claims adjacent to the property (shares issued);
·Issue 100,000 post-consolidation common shares five business days following the date the Company enters into a joint-venture, option or similar agreement with a third party in respect to the property; and
·Issue 100,000 post-consolidation common shares five business days following the date the Company commences a drill program in respect to the property.
The Company has also assumed the commitments under the original lease to the property owner from Mr. Goldstein and Mr. Thorson, which includes annual lease payments of US$15,000 for ten years.
In June 2024, the Company transferred the Twin Canyon claims back to Goldstein and Thorson and relinquished any other commitments to this property. During the year ended September 30, 2024, the Company wrote off $710,523 of capitalized exploration and evaluation costs.
Klondike Property
The Klondike Property was a 843 hectare (2,083 acre) copper exploration project located in San Miguel County in Southwest Colorado, approximately 25 kilometers south of Naturita, Colorado.
How Acquired
The Company originally staked the property for a 100% interest. In June 2021, the Company and Cloudbreak Discovery PLC entered into the Strategic Alliance Agreement. Projects accepted into the Strategic Alliance will be held 50/50 but funding of the initial acquisition and any preliminary work programs will be funded 40% by the introducing partner and 60% by the other party. The initial term of the Alliance Agreement was two years and may be extended for an additional two years. The Company and Cloudbreak agreed to accept the Klondike property as part of the Strategic Alliance.
In December 2021, the Strategic Alliance optioned the property to Volt Lithium Corp. (formerly Allied Copper Corp.), a public company traded on the TSX Venture Exchange. Under the option agreement, Volt would:
·Incur an aggregate of CAD $4,750,000 in exploration expenditures on the property, with at least CAD $500,000 to be spent prior to the first anniversary of the closing date.
·Volt will issue 7,000,000 common shares and make an aggregate of CAD $400,000 in cash payments to the Alliance over a three-year period.
·Upon completion of these option agreement obligations, the Alliance will transfer 100% interest in the Klondike Property to Volt. Volt will also issue 3,000,000 warrants exercisable for a three-year term at a price equal to the 10-day VWAP of Volt’s common shares at the time of the issuance.
·The Alliance will retain a 2% net smelter royalty which is subject to a buy down provision where Volt may, at its discretion, repurchase half of the royalty for CAD $1,500,000 within 30 days of commercial production.
42
In February 2023, Volt issued notice to the Strategic Alliance that it was terminating the option agreement.
In June 2023, the Company and Cloudbreak did not mutually agree to extend the Strategic Alliance, and the agreement was terminated.
In August 2024, the Company dropped the Klondike property and relinquished any other commitments to the property. During the year ended September 30, 2024, the Company wrote off $8,922 of capitalized exploration and evaluation costs.
Stateline Property
The Stateline Property was a 148 hectare (365 acre) copper exploration project located in San Miguel County, Colorado and San Juan County, Utah, approximately 40 kilometers southwest of Naturita, Colorado.
How Acquired
The property was acquired by the Strategic Alliance on a 50/50 basis between the Company and Cloudbreak from local prospectors in November 2021 for a US$20,000 cash payment and a further US$40,000 in the form of either cash and/or shares.
In February 2022, the property was optioned to Volt Lithium Corp. who could earn a 100% interest in the property under the following terms.
·Volt would spend an aggregate of CAD $3,750,000 in exploration expenditures on the property over a three-year period, with at least CAD $500,000 being spent prior to the first anniversary of the closing date;
·Volt would issue 4,250,000 common shares over a three-year period of which 500,000 were due on closing; and
·Make an aggregate of CAD $315,000 in cash payments to the Alliance ($90,000 received, of which $45,000 was paid to the Company);
·The Alliance would retain a 2% net smelter royalty which is not subject to a buy down provision.
All payments by Volt would be split between the Company and Cloudbreak on a 50/50 basis.
In June 2023, the Company and Cloudbreak did not mutually agree to extend the Strategic Alliance, and the agreement was terminated. Volt terminated the option agreement on the Stateline project in August 2023. In August 2024, the Company dropped the Stateline property and relinquished any other commitments to the property. During the year ended September 30, 2024, the Company wrote off $2,067 of capitalized exploration and evaluation costs.
Nevada Properties
Ashby
The Ashby property is located in Mineral County, near Hawthorne, Nevada. The property currently consists of 3 claims totaling approximately 62 acres, as the Company dropped 13 claims of 269 acres in fiscal 2015.
The property covers mesothermal gold-bearing quartz veins within the Jurassic Dunlap Formation. Historic production of 9,000 ounces is reported from the 1930’s and several hundred ounces per year during the 1980’s and 1990’s. Vein widths range from 15 centimeters to 1.8 meters and gold grades are reported from sub-gram to multi-ounce intervals. The property has had very limited modern exploration.
43
The property is subject to a 2% NSR payable to NER and a 1% NSR to Sandstorm. In August 2017, the Company announced it has leased the property to Nevada Canyon Gold Corp. Under the agreement, Nevada Canyon paid the Company US$1,000 upon signing and will make annual payments of US$2,000. Nevada Canyon will also grant the Company a 2% NSR. Nevada Canyon will be responsible for all claim fees and certain reclamation work to be undertaken on the property. The initial term of the lease is 10 years and can be extended for an additional 20 years.
During the year ended September 30, 2024, Nevada Canyon reimbursed the Company $2,700 (2023 - $3,438) which includes US$nil (2023 - US$543) for the 2024 annual property claim fee and US$2,000 (2023 – US$2,000) for the 2024 annual payment. Nevada Canyon paid for the 2024 annual property claim fee directly.
BP Property
In May 2013, the Company commenced exploration on the BP property. The BP property consists of 142 claims of approximately 3,180 acres. It is road accessible via Nevada State highways 278 or 228, approximately 60 kilometers south of Carlin, Nevada. A network of trails on the property provides access to all areas of interest. There is no infrastructure on the property, and powerlines follow Highway 278, approximately 10 kilometers from the property.
During the year ended September 30, 2023, the Company sold the BP property to Almadex with Almadex reimbursing the Company for the property fees it paid in fiscal 2023. The Company wrote-off $307,548 in capitalized exploration costs.
East Walker Property
The East Walker Property is located in Lyon County, west of Hawthorne, Nevada. The property consists of 12 claims totaling approximately 269 acres. The Company had a 100% interest in the property, subject to a 1% NSR payable to Sandstorm on all the claims and a 2% NSR on some claims payable to Nevada Eagle Resources LLC (“NER”), the original owner of the property.
During the year ended September 30, 2023, the Company dropped the East Walker Property and wrote-off $31,395 of capitalized exploration costs.
Horsethief
The Horsethief property is located in Lincoln County, northeast of Pioche, Nevada. The property consisted of 63 claims totaling 1,411 acres, as the Company dropped 66 claims of 1,478 acres in fiscal 2015 and staked 33 new claims in fiscal 2017, and staked 26 new claims in fiscal 2019. The Company had a 100% interest in the property, subject to a 1% NSR payable to Sandstorm on all the claims acquired from Sandstorm and a 2% NSR on some claims acquired from Sandstorm payable to Nevada Eagle Resources LLC (“NER”).
During the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, the Company dropped the Horsethief property and wrote off $146,089 of capitalized exploration and evaluation costs.
Bellview
The Bellview property is located in White Pine County, southeast of Carlin, Nevada. The property consisted of 44 claims totaling approximately 986 acres, as the Company dropped 44 claims of 985 acres in fiscal 2015 and 10 claims of 224 acres in fiscal 2016. All the 44 claims had a 2% NSR to Fronteer Development Group Inc. (“Fronteer”) and a 1% NSR to Sandstorm.
During the year ended September 30, 2022, the Company dropped the Bellview property and wrote off $110,687 of capitalized exploration and evaluation costs.
44
Peruvian Properties
Yanac Property
The Yanac Property is an approximate 1,572 hectares copper-molybdenum exploration project located in the Ica Department of Southern Peru. The Company had a 100% interest in the property, subject to a 0.5% NSR.
During the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, the Company dropped Yanac and wrote off $444,295 of capitalized exploration and evaluation costs.
Pucarana
The Company previously owned a 36% interest in Pucarana S.A.C. (“Pucarana”), an exploration company in Peru which owned the Pucarana Gold project in the Orcopampa Silver-Gold District. The Company acquired its interest in through the acquisition of Alianza Holdings in April 2015. In May 2015, the Company and the other owners of Pucarana signed an Assignment Agreement with Buenaventura whereby Pucarana assigned the rights to the Pucarana property to Buenaventura in exchange for a 3% NSR. The Company received a 1.08% NSR as its portion of the ownership of Pucarana.
To date, no royalties have been received from Buenaventura. The Company continues to hold its 1.08% NSR.
Mexico Properties
In February 2016, the Company sold its entire interest in the three remaining Mexico properties to Almadex Minerals. The consideration for the sale of the 100% interest in the Yago, Mezquites and San Pedro properties was a 1% NSR which is capped at $1,000,000. The Company had written down its interest in each of the properties to $Nil prior to the sale.
Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects
Overview
The Company's financial statements are stated in Canadian Dollars (CDN$) and are prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS).
The value of the U.S. Dollar in relationship to the Canadian Dollar was $1.35 on September 30, 2024.
The Company since inception has primarily financed its activities through the issuance of equity. The Company anticipates having to raise additional funds by equity issuance in the next several years, as all of the Company’s properties are at the exploration stage. The timing of such offerings is dependent upon the success of the Company’s exploration programs as well as the general economic climate.
Results of Operations
Year Ended September 30, 2024 vs. Year Ended September 30, 2023
During the year ended September 30, 2024, the Company completed a drill program at Haldane, and partner Coeur conducted a drill program on the Tim property. The Company also entered an option agreement to acquire a 100% interest in the GDR property in the Yukon. All of the Company’s property interests in Colorado were dropped and the capitalized acquisition and exploration expenditures were written-off.
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The comprehensive loss for the year ended September 30, 2024 was ($2,031,383), or ($0.05) per share, compared to a loss of ($817,618), or ($0.02) per share, for the year ended September 30, 2023.
In the year ended September 20, 2024, expenses totaled $1,396,837, which was an increase of $769,780 compared to expenses of $627,057 for the year ended September 30, 2023. Significant changes occurred in share-based payments, which was $336,735 compared to $nil as the Company issued 2,310,000 stock options during the current year; Investor relations and shareholder information, which rose to $602,716 from $144,501; Accounting and legal fees, which fell slightly to $158,770 from $169,483; Office expenses increased to $25,624 from $20,271; Property investigation expenses declined to $2,238 from $23,667, and Travel, which rose to $17,394 from $9,751; Transfer agent, listing and filing fees increased to $55,980 from $47,151; and Wages, benefits and consulting fees fell to $179,333 from $194,233.
Other items include the write-down of exploration and evaluation assets of ($717,378) compared to ($338,943) in 2023, as the Company dropped and wrote-off its Colorado exploration properties in 2024, and the BP and East Walker projects in Nevada in 2023. Flow-through share premium recovery was $54,503 compared to $4,221 in 2023. Fair value gain on marketable securities was $7,500 compared to $76,985, and gain on the sale of marketable securities was $8,625 compared to a loss of ($30,052) in 2023. Interest income was $9,289 compared to $2,376, as more interest was earned on the higher cash balances present in 2024. Proceeds received in excess of exploration and evaluation costs was $3,986 compared to $133,008. Other income was $nil compared to $27,000, as the Company received common shares of Highlander for the sale of La Estrella property data in 2023. Write-down of VAT receivables was $nil compared to ($42,706) in the prior year. Foreign exchange loss was ($1,101) compared to a gain of $128 in 2023.
Other comprehensive loss included a gain on exchange difference arising on the translation of foreign subsidiary of $30 compared to a loss of ($22,578) in the prior year.
Year Ended September 30, 2023 vs. Year Ended September 30, 2022
During the year ended September 30, 2023, exploration continued at Haldane, and the exploration permit was received for the Tim property which will permit partner Coeur to conduct drilling in 2024.
The comprehensive loss for the year ended September 30, 2023 was ($817,618), or ($0.02) per share, compared to a loss of ($2,022,583), or ($0.07) per share, for the year ended September 30, 2022.
In the year ended September 20, 2023, expenses totaled $627,057, which was a decrease of $711,263 compared to expenses of $1,338,320 for the year ended September 30, 2022.
Significant changes occurred in share-based payments, which was $nil compared to $365,000 in fiscal 2022 as no stock options were issued in fiscal 2023; Investor relations and shareholder information, which declined to $144,501 from $465,385; Accounting and legal fees, which fell to $169,483 from $201,577; Travel, which was $9,751 compared to $27,195; Property investigation expenses, which declined to $23,667 from $33,696; Transfer agent, listing and filing fees increased to $47,151 from $37,123; Wages, benefits and consulting fees rose to $194,233 from $174,219; and office expenses rose slightly to $20,271 from $15,823.
Other items include the write-down of exploration and evaluation assets of ($338,943) compared to ($1,038,046) in 2022, as the Company dropped and wrote-off the BP and East Walker projects in Nevada. Write-down of VAT receivables was ($42,706) compared to $nil in the prior year. Proceeds received in excess of exploration and evaluation asset costs declined to $133,008 from $341,966. Loss on sale/transfer of marketable securities was a loss of ($30,052) compared to ($416) in 2022; Fair value gain on marketable securities was $76,985 compared to a loss of ($84,485). Flow-through share recovery fell to $4,221 from $28,828. Interest income was
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$2,376 compared to $1,997. Other income was $27,000 was is the value of cash and shares received from Highlander for the sale of the project data on the La Estrella property. Foreign exchange gain was $128 compared to $36,486 in 2022.
Other comprehensive loss included a loss on exchange difference arising on the translation of foreign subsidiary of ($22,578) compared to a gain of $29,407 in the prior year.
Year Ended September 30, 2022 vs. Year Ended September 30, 2021
During the year ended September 30, 2022, a drill program was completed on the Klondike property in Colorado. At Haldane, additional exploration was conducted in preparation of a new drill program.
The comprehensive loss for the year ended September 30, 2022 was ($2,022,583), or ($0.07) per share, compared to a loss of ($959,818), or ($0.03) per share, for the year ended September 30, 2021.
In the year ended September 20, 2022, expenses totaled $1,338,320, which was an increase of $81,420 compared to expenses of $1,256,900 for the year ended September 30, 2021.
Significant changes occurred in share-based payments, which increased to $365,300 from $202,304 as the Company issued additional stock options in the current year; Travel, which rose to $27,195 from $3,054; Investor relations and shareholder information declined to $465,385 from $517,551; Property investigation expenses fell to $33,696 from $53,953; Transfer agent, listing and filing fees declined to $37,123 from $47,721; and wages, benefits and consulting fees declined to $174,219 from $193,848.
Other items include the write-down of exploration and evaluation assets of ($1,038,046) compared to ($8,469) in 2022, as the Company dropped and wrote-off the Yanac, KRL, Horsethief and Bellview properties. Fair-value loss on marketable securities was ($84,485) which was the change in valuation on shares received from option partners, and loss on transfer of marketable securities was ($416). Flow-through share premium recovery was $28,828 compared to $349,676 in 2022. Proceeds received in excess of exploration and evaluation assets costs was $341,966. Interest income was $1,997 compared to $1,187 in 2022, and foreign exchange gain was $36,486 compared to a loss of ($24,618) in 2022.
Other comprehensive loss included a gain on exchange difference arising on the translation of foreign subsidiary of $29,407 compared to a loss of ($20,694) in the prior year.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of September 30, 2024, the Company had a working capital deficit of ($361,496), including cash of $709,647, compared to a working capital deficit of ($683,657), including cash of $135,203, at September 30, 2023.
Management estimates that the SG&A expenses will be approximately $600,000 in fiscal 2025. As of December 31, 2024, the Company had $91,124 of unspent Flow-through exploration funds which it expects to use for exploration on the Haldane project in fiscal 2025. The Company anticipates raising additional funds through the sale of common shares and flow-through common shares to fund its exploration programs in fiscal 2025, but the final amount to be expended on property exploration will depend on market conditions and the Company’s ability to raise additional funds.If the Company is unable to raise additional funds through private placements of equity, or option certain of its properties, it will likely result in a severe reduction in the Company’s exploration and operational budgets and may result in management relinquishing certain mineral claims and severely reducing its operations.
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The Company has financed its operations through the issuance of common shares. The following sales and issuances of common stock have been completed in the last 5 fiscal years. The number of common shares issued and the price per share have been adjusted for the 1 for 5 common share consolidation effective August 14, 2023.
Table No. 3
Common Share Issuances
Fiscal
Period
|
Type of Share Issuance
| Number of Common Shares Issued
|
Price
|
Gross Proceeds
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal 2020
| Acquisition of Mineral Property
| 25,000
| $ 0.45
| $ 11,250
|
| Acquisition of Mineral Property
| 100,000
| 0.425
| 42,500
|
| Acquisition of Mineral Properties
| 140,000
| 0.65
| 91,000
|
| Private Placement
| 4,400,000
| 0.25
| 1,100,000
|
| Exercise of Options
| 50,000
| 0.50
| 25,000
|
| Exercise of Warrants
| 606,000
| 0.50
| 303,000
|
| Exercise of Finder’s Warrants
| 240,605
| 0.25
| 60,151
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal 2021
| Acquisition of Mineral Property
| 30,000
| 0.55
| $ 16,500
|
| Acquisition of Mineral Property
| 40,000
| 0.325
| 13,000
|
| Private Placement
| 1,534,074
| 0.675
| 1,035,500
|
| Private Placement – Flow-through
| 2,776,226
| 0.675
| 2,151,575
|
| Private Placement – Flow-through
| 2,102,067
| 0.60
| 1,261,240
|
| Exercise of Warrants
| 1,248,000
| 0.50
| 624,000
|
| Exercise of Finder’s Warrants
| 11,220
| 0.25
| 2,805
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal 2022
| Private Placement
| 2,000,000
| 0.375
| $ 750,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal 2023
| Exercise of Warrants
| 87,860
| $ 0.25
| $ 21,965
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal 2024
| Private Placement
| 5,000,000
| $ 0.20
| $ 1,000,000
|
| Private Placement
| 6,500,000
| 0.10
| 650,000
|
| Private Placement
| 2,500,000
| 0.225
| 562,500
|
| Private Placement
| 1,655,500
| 0.16
| 264,880
|
Year Ended September 30, 2024
As of the end of the fiscal year ended September 30, 2024, the Company had a working capital deficit of ($361,496) compared to a working capital deficit of ($683,657) at September 30, 2023. During the fiscal year ended September 30, 2024, Operating Activities used cash of ($1,300,229), including the net loss of ($2,031,413).
Items not affecting cash include the write-down of exploration and evaluation assets of $717,378, Share-based payments, which is related to the issuance of stock options, of $336,735, fair value gain on marketable securities of $(7,500), flow-through share premium recovery of ($54,503), gain on sale/transfer of marketable securities of ($8,625), and proceeds received in excess of exploration and evaluation asset costs of ($1,286).
Changes in non-cash working capital items include an increase in receivables of ($21,287); an increase in prepaid expenses which used cash of ($41,175); a decrease in accounts payable and accrued liabilities of ($114,574); and a decrease in amounts due to related parties of ($73,979).
Cash flows from Investing Activities used cash of ($343,205). Amounts expended on exploration and evaluation assets, net of recoveries, used cash of ($369,274). Proceeds from the sale of marketable securities provided cash of $20,625, and deposits provided cash of $5,444. Cash flows from Financing Activities provided cash of
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$2,219,820. Proceeds from issuance of common shares provided cash of $2,392,380 and share issue costs used cash of ($172,560).
As of September 30, 2024, cash totaled $709,647 compared to cash of $135,203 as of September 30, 2023, which is increase of $574,444.
During the year, the Company issued 15,835,500 common shares:
·In October and December 2023, issued 5,000,000 common shares pursuant to a non-brokered private placement in two tranches. The company issued both flow-through and non-flow through share units. 2,700,000 non-flow through units were issued at a price of $0.20 per unit for gross proceeds of $540,000 and 2,300,000 flow-through units were issued at price of $0.20 per share for gross proceeds of $460,000. Each unit consisted of common share and one-half of a share purchase warrant, with a full warrant entitling the holder to purchase one additional non-flow through common share for a 36 month period at a price of $0.30. The Company also paid $24,640 in cash finder’s fees and issued 123,200 finder’s warrants, each of which is exercisable into one common share at a price of $0.20 for a period of 36 months. The Company incurred additional share issue costs of $61,205 in connection with this financing.
·In April 2024, issued 6,500,000 common shares pursuant to a non-brokered private placement of common stock units at a price of $0.10 per unit for gross proceeds of $650,000. Each unit consisted of one common share and one common share purchase warrant. Each warrant entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share for a 36-month period at a price of $0.20. The Company paid $28,210 in cash finder’s fees and incurred share issue costs of $45,102.
·Issued at total of 4,155,500 common shares in a non-brokered private placement in three tranches:
oIn June 2024, the Company completed the first tranche by issuing 2,500,000 charity flow-through units at a price of $0.225 per unit for gross proceeds of $562,500. Each charity flow-through unit consisted of one common share and one common share purchase warrant, with each warrant entitling the holder to purchase one additional non-flow through common share for a 48 month period at a price of $0.35 per share.
oIn June 2024, the Company completed the second tranche by issuing 1,099,250 non-flow-through units at a price of $0.16 per unit for gross proceeds of $175,880. Each non-flow through unit consists of one common share and one common share purchase warrant, with each warrant entitling the holder to purchase one additional non-flow through common share for a 48 month period at a price of $0.35 per share.
oIn July 2024, the Company completed the third tranche by issuing 556,250 non-flow through units at a price of $0.16 per unit for gross proceeds of $89,000. Each non-flow through unit consists of one common share and one common share purchase warrant, with each warrant entitling the holder to purchase one additional non-flow through common share for a 48 month period at a price of $0.35 per share.
The Company paid $20,230 in cash finder’s fees, incurred $87,172 in share issue costs, and issued the following finder’s warrants exercisable into one common share at a price of $0.16 for a period of 12 months: 105,000 finder’s warrants until June 21, 2025, 10,500 finder’s warrants until June 28, 2025 and 10,937 finder’s warrants until July 18, 2025.
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·In June 2024, Issued 180,000 common shares at a deemed price of $0.22 per share for a total consideration of $39,600 for the option on the GDR property.
Year Ended September 30, 2023
As of the end of the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023, the Company had a working capital deficit of ($683,657) compared to a working capital deficit of ($171,465) at September 30, 2022. During the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023, Operating Activities used cash of ($369,853), including the net loss of ($795,040).
Items not affecting cash include the write-down of exploration and evaluation assets of $338,943, fair value gain on marketable securities of $(76,985), flow-through share premium recovery of ($4,221), loss on transfer of marketable securities of $30,052, proceeds received in excess of exploration and evaluation asset costs of ($133,008), and write-down of VAT receivables of $42,706.
Changes in non-cash working capital items include a decline in receivables of $66,875; increase in VAT receivables of ($198); a decrease in prepaid expenses of $72,156; an increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $147,863; an increase in amounts due to related parties of $203,085; and a decrease of funds held for optionee of ($234,081).
Cash flows from Investing Activities used cash of ($224,292). Amounts expended on exploration and evaluation assets, net of recoveries, used cash of ($452,748). Proceeds from the sale of marketable securities provided cash of $216,232, and deposits provided cash of $12,224. Cash flows from Financing Activities provided cash of $106,965. Share subscriptions received provided cash of $85,000 and proceeds from exercise of warrants was $21,965.
As of September 30, 2023, cash totaled $135,203 and $Nil restricted cash, compared to cash of $403,093 and restricted cash of $234,081 as of September 30, 2022, which is a decrease of $501,971.
During the year, the Company issued 87,860 common shares pursuant to the exercise of warrants for proceeds of $21,965.
Year Ended September 30, 2022
At the end of the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, the Company had a working capital deficit of ($171,465) compared to working capital of $145,516 as of September 30, 2021. During the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, Operating Activities used cash of ($435,882), including the net loss of ($2,051,990).
Items not affecting cash include the write-down of exploration and evaluation assets of $1,038,046, fair value loss on marketable securities of $84,485, flow-through share premium recovery of ($28,828), loss on transfer of marketable securities of $416, proceeds received in excess of exploration and evaluation asset costs of ($341,966), and share-based payments of $365,300.
Changes in non-cash working capital items include a decline in receivables of $17,502; a decline in amounts due from alliance partner of $126,047; increase in VAT receivables of ($753); an increase in prepaid expenses of ($60,669); an increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $11,604; an increase in amounts due to related parties of $170,843; and an increase of funds held for optionee of $234,081.
Cash flows from Investing Activities used cash of ($49,243), with ($61,584) used for deposits, and the balance of $12,341 is the amount expended on exploration and evaluation assets, net of recoveries. Cash flows from
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Financing Activities provided cash of $729,630, which included proceeds from the issuance of common shares of $750,000 and share issue costs of ($20,370). The effect of exchange rate changes on cash was ($20,007).
Cash totaled $403,093 and restricted cash of $234,081 as of September 30, 2022 compared to cash of $412,676 and restricted cash of $Nil as of September 30, 2021, an increase of $224,498.
During the year, the Company issued a total of 2,000,000 common shares through a non-brokered private placement of common stock units at a price of $0.375 per unit for gross proceeds of $750,000. Each unit consisted of one common share and one-half of a common share purchase warrant. Each full warrant entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share at a price of $0.625 until May 19, 2025. The Company had share issuance costs of $20,370 in connection with the financing.
Research and Development
The Company conducts no Research and Development activities, nor is it dependent upon any patents or licenses.
Trend Information
The Company knows of no trends, uncertainties, demands, commitments or events that are reasonably likely to have a material effect on the Company’s operations or financial condition.
Critical Accounting Estimates
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Actual outcomes could differ from these estimates. The consolidated financial statements include estimates which, by their nature, are uncertain. The impacts of such estimates are pervasive throughout the consolidated financial statements, and may require accounting adjustments based on future occurrences. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised and the revision affects both current and future periods.
Significant assumptions about the future and other sources of estimation uncertainty that management has made at the consolidated statement of financial position date, that could result in a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the event that actual results differ from assumptions made, relate to, but are not limited to, the following:
The following are critical judgments that management has made in the process of applying accounting policies and that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the consolidated financial statements:
·the determination that the Company will continue as a going concern for the next year;
·the determination that there have been no events or changes in circumstances that indicate the carrying amount of exploration and evaluation assets may not be recoverable;
·the determination that there are no restoration, rehabilitation and environmental costs to be accrued; and
·the determination that the functional currency of the parent is the Canadian dollar, the functional currency of its subsidiaries in Peru is the Peruvian nuevo sole and the functional currency of its subsidiaries in the USA is the US dollar.
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Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees
Table No. 4 lists as of January 31, 2025 the names of the Directors of the Company. The Directors have served in their respective capacities since their election and/or appointment and will serve until the next Annual General Meeting or until a successor is duly elected, unless the office is vacated in accordance with the Articles/By-Laws of the Company. All the Directors are residents and citizens of Canada. Each director was elected at the Annual General Meeting held on March 27, 2024.
Table No. 4
Directors
Name
| Age
| Date First Elected/Appointed
|
Marc G. Blythe (1)
| 54
| July 23, 2007
|
Craig Lindsay (1)
| 59
| November 3, 2008
|
Mark T. Brown (1)
| 56
| February 28, 2014
|
Jason Weber
| 54
| March 10, 2014
|
|
|
| (1) Member of Audit Committee.
|
Members of the audit committee meet periodically to approve and discuss the annual financial statements and each quarterly report before filing and mailing. The committee operates under a written charter as included in the Company's Management Information Circular dated February 16, 2024. Details of the charter are contained in Item 6, “Board Practices” below.
Table No. 5 lists, as of January 31, 2025, the names of the Executive Officers of the Company. The Executive Officers serve at the pleasure of the Board of Directors. All Executive Officers are citizens of Canada.
Table No. 5
Executive Officers
Name
| Position
| Age
| Date of Appointment
|
Jason Weber
| President and CEO
| 54
| April 29, 2015
|
Winnie Wong
| Chief Financial Officer and
Corporate Secretary
|
50
|
April 29, 2015
|
Rob Duncan
| Vice-President Exploration
| 50
| August 1, 2020
|
Jason S. Weber, P.Geo., has over 20 years of experience in the minerals exploration industry. He holds a Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) degree in Geological Sciences from the University of British Columbia and is a registered Professional Geoscientist with the Association for Professional Engineers and Geoscientists of BC (APEGBC). He was President of Estrella from May 2014 until its acquisition by the Company in April 2015 and was named President and CEO of the Company upon completion of the acquisition. He served as President and CEO of Kiska Metals Corporation, a mineral exploration company traded on the TSX Venture Exchange, from 2009 until 2013. He was President and CEO of Rimfire Minerals Corporation, a junior project generator company, from 2007 to 2009 when Rimfire merged with Geoinformatics to create Kiska. He initially joined Rimfire in 1999 as Manager of Corporate Communications. Prior to Rimfire, Mr. Weber was engaged by Equity Engineering as a project geologist working on projects in Canada and Central America and has also worked on gold and copper projects in British Columbia and Australia. Mr. Weber is a past Chair of Mining For Miracles, the BC Mining industry’s charity for BC Children’s Hospital. He is past Chair of Mineral Exploration Roundup, one of the world’s largest annual exploration conferences and was a Director of the Association for Mineral Exploration British Columbia (AMEBC). He currently serves as President, CEO and a Director of Acme Gold
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Company, a mineral exploration company traded on the Canadian Securities Exchange. Mr. Weber devotes approximately 75% of his time to the Company.
Marc G. Blythe, P.Eng, MBA, received a Bachelor of Mining Engineering degree from the Western Australian School of Mines and an MBA from La Trobe University in Melbourne. Since 2009, he has been Vice-President, Strategic Development, of Rockhaven Resources Ltd. From 2006 to 2011, he was Vice President, Mining of Almaden Minerals. From 2004 to 2006, he was a Corporate Senior Mining Engineer for Placer Dome, where he completed internal and external mine evaluations, including advising on potential acquisitions and implementation of mining technology. Prior to joining Placer Dome, he held senior mining and planning positions for several companies in Australia, including Auriongold, which was acquired by Placer Dome, and WMC Resources, and holds a Western Australian First Class Mine Manager's Certificate of Competency. He was a former Vice-President of Corporate Development of Nevsun Resources Ltd., a mining company formerly traded on the TSX and NYSE MKT. He currently serves as the President, CEO and a Director of Au Gold Corp., a mineral exploration company traded on the TSX Venture Exchange. He also serves as a Director of Banyan Gold Corp., a mineral exploration company traded on the TSX Venture Exchange. Mr. Blythe was appointed CEO, President and a Director of the Company in July 2007 and served as CEO and President until the completion of the acquisition of Estrella in April 2015. Mr. Blythe devotes approximately 10% of his time to the Company.
Mark T. Brown has been a Chartered Accountant since 1993 and is President of Pacific Opportunity Capital Ltd., a private company which provides small and medium sized companies with financial, equity and management solutions. Mr. Brown received a Bachelor of Commerce Degree from the University of British Columbia in 1990 and is a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of British Columbia. He has been a Chartered Accountant since 1993 and serves as President of Pacific Opportunity Capital Ltd., a private company which provides small and medium sized companies with financial, equity and management solutions, from 1997 to the present. From 1990 to 1994, he worked with PricewaterhouseCoopers before becoming controller of Miramar Mining Corporation. In 1996, he became controller of Eldorado Gold Corporation where his duties included debt and equity financings, international acquisitions, corporate reporting and system implementation. He is one of the founders of Rare Element Resources Ltd., a resource exploration company traded on the NYSE MKT and TSX Exchanges. He also is a former and current officer and director of other public companies. His current officer and directorships include: a Director of Avrupa Minerals Ltd., a mineral exploration company traded on the TSX Venture Exchange; a Director of Au Gold Corp., a mineral exploration company traded on the TSX Venture Exchange; Chief Financial Officer and a Director of Copper Fox Metals Inc., a mineral exploration company traded on the TSX Venture Exchange; a Director of East West Petroleum Corp., an oil and gas company traded on the TSX Venture Exchange; Chief Financial Officer of EGR Exploration, a gold exploration company traded on the TSX Venture Exchange; Chief Financial Officer of Fjordland Exploration Inc., a mineral exploration company traded on the TSX Venture Exchange; a Director of Green Bridge Metals, a mineral exploration company traded on the Canadian Securities Exchange; a Director of Mineral and Financial Investments Limited, an investment company traded on the London Stock Exchange; and a Director of MTB Metals, a mineral exploration company traded on the TSX Venture Exchange; and Mr. Brown devotes approximately 10% of his time to Company affairs.
Craig Lindsay, CFA, has over 20 of experience in corporate finance, investment banking and business development in North America and Asia. He obtained a Bachelor of Commerce degree from University of British Columbia and a Masters of Business Administration from Dalhousie University. He is the past President of the Hong Kong Canada Business Association - Vancouver Section and the past Chairman of the Family Services of Greater Vancouver. He currently serves as Managing Director of Arbutus Grove Capital Corp., a private company offering corporate finance and merchant banking services; a director of Excellon Resources Inc., a mineral production company traded on the Toronto Stock Exchange; a director of VR Resources Ltd., a mineral exploration company traded on the TSX Venture Exchange; a director of Electric Royalties Ltd., a mineral
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royalty portfolio company traded on the TSX Venture Exchange; and a Director of ReVolve Renewable Power Corp., a renewable energy company traded on the TSX Venture Exchange. He formerly served as founder and president of Magnum Uranium Corp. until its merger with Energy Fuels Inc. in 2009 and was a Vice President in the Corporate Finance and Investment Banking Group at PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP. Mr. Lindsay spends approximately 5% of his time on the affairs of the Company.
Winnie Wong received a Bachelor of Commerce Degree (Honours) from Queen’s University in 1996 and is a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of British Columbia. Since July 1, 2001, she has been Vice President of Pacific Opportunity Capital Ltd. Her role is to manage the financial administration team and to assist Pacific Opportunity Capital Ltd.’s management group on corporate finance projects. From July 1 to December 31, 2000, Ms. Wong was the controller of Pivotal Corporation, a company providing software, services and support to a variety of businesses. Between 1996 and 1999, Ms. Wong worked with Deloitte & Touche, Chartered Accountants. Ms. Wong acts as the CFO and/or Corporate Secretary for other publicly listed companies including Avrupa Minerals (since July 2010), Au Gold Corp. (since December 2020) and MTB Metals, (since December 2017). Ms. Wong spends approximately 30% of her time on the affairs of the Company.
Rob Duncan has over 30 years of experience in mineral exploration with a wide range of companies, from major producers such as Rio Tinto and Inmet Mining to junior explorers. He has held senior management positions at several junior explorers exploring throughout the North American Cordillera, Canadian Shield and Eastern Europe on a wide variety of deposit types including orogenic gold, porphyry copper (gold), VMS, intrusion related gold, and epithermal gold-silver systems. He also has over ten years of management experience specifically with prospect generator companies, having held the position of Exploration Manager at Rimfire Minerals and VP Exploration and Project Development at Evrim Resources. He previously served as Chief Operating Officer of Kutcho Copper Corp., a mineral exploration company traded on the TSX Venture Exchange, and as COO of QX Metals Corp. (now Gold Bull Resources), a mineral exploration company traded on the TSX Venture Exchange. He currently serves as a Director of Acme Gold Company, a mineral exploration company traded on the Canadian Securities Exchange. Mr. Duncan received his BSc in Geology and his M.Sc. in Geological Sciences from University of British Columbia. Mr. Duncan spends approximately 90% of his time on the affairs of the Company.
Mark Brown, a director of the Company, was formerly a director of Ascent Industries Corp. (“Ascent”), a company listed on the Canadian Securities Exchange. Mr. Brown resigned as a director of Ascent on February 13, 2019. On Friday, March 1, 2019, the Supreme Court of British Columbia issued an order granting Ascent’s application for creditor protection under the Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act (Canada) (“CCAA”) to address near term liquidity issues. On April 5, 2019, Ascent sold its Canadian Assets, repaid all liabilities, and has excess cash on hand such that it expects to be discharged from the CCAA process.
Mark Brown, a director of the Company, was formerly a director of Sutter Gold Mining Inc. (“SGM”). On May 6, 2019, SGM received a cease trade order issued by the British Columbia Securities Commission for failure to file audited financial statements and Management’s Discussion & Analysis for the year ended December 31, 2018. SGM’s listing on the TSX Venture Exchange remains suspended until SGM meets TSX Venture Exchange’s requirements and upon the revocation of the cease trade order. On May 17, 2019, pursuant to an order of the Supreme Court of British Columbia, a receiver was appointed for SGM in order to sell all the assets of SGM and repay lenders. On May 21, 2019, Mr. Brown resigned as a director of SGM.
Except for the two incidents listed above, no Director and/or Executive Officer has been the subject of any order, judgment, or decree of any governmental agency or administrator or of any court or competent jurisdiction, revoking or suspending for cause any license, permit or other authority of such person or of any corporation of which he or she is a Director and/or Executive Officer, to engage in the securities business or in the sale of a particular security or temporarily or permanently restraining or enjoining any such person or any corporation of
54
which he or she is an officer or director from engaging in or continuing any conduct, practice, or employment in connection with the purchase or sale of securities, or convicting such person of any felony or misdemeanor involving a security or any aspect of the securities business or of theft or of any felony.
There are no arrangements or understandings between any two or more Directors or Executive Officers, pursuant to which he or she was selected as a Director or Executive Officer. No members of the Board of Directors are related.
COMPENSATION
The Company has no arrangements pursuant to which directors receive cash compensation from the Company for their services in their capacity as directors, or for committee participation. A Director may serve in another capacity with the Company, including as an Officer or Consultant, and receive cash compensation independent of their service as a Director. Directors are included in the Company’s Stock Option Plan and may be granted options under the Plan. There are no director’s service contracts providing for benefits upon termination of employment.
To assist the Company in compensating, attracting, retaining and motivating personnel, the Company grants incentive stock options under a formal Stock Option Plan which was first approved by shareholders at the Annual General and Special Meeting of shareholders held on December 21, 2005, and subsequently re-approved by shareholders at every Annual Meeting of shareholders thereafter. The current Stock Option Plan was confirmed by shareholders at the most recent meeting held on March 27, 2024.
Table No. 6 sets forth the compensation paid to the Company’s executive officers and members of its administrative body during the last three fiscal years. Option/share totals have been adjusted for the 1 for 5 share consolidation effective August 14, 2023.
Table No. 6
Summary Compensation Table
All Figures in Canadian Dollars unless otherwise noted
Name
| Fiscal
Year
|
Salary
| Options
Granted
| Value of
Options Granted
| Other
Compensation
| Total
Compensation
|
Jason Weber,
President, CEO and Director
| 2024
2023
2022
| $ 162,000
162,000
162,000
| 350,000
Nil
200,000
| $ 53,851
Nil
59,000
| $ Nil
Nil
Nil
| $ 215,851
162,000
221,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Winnie Wong,
Chief Financial Officer
| 2024
2023
2022
| N/A
N/A
N/A
| 200,000
Nil
100,000
| $ 30,772
Nil
29,500
| $ Nil
Nil
Nil
| $ 30,772
Nil
29,500
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rob Duncan,
Vice-President, Exploration
| 2024
2023
2022
| $ 126,724
150,000
150,000
| 300,000
Nil
150,000
| $ 46,158
Nil
44,250
| $ Nil
Nil
Nil
| $ 172,882
150,000
194,250
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Marc G. Blythe
Director
| 2024
2023
2022
| $ Nil
Nil
Nil
| 200,000
Nil
100,000
| $ 30,772
Nil
29,600
| $ Nil
Nil
Nil
| $ 30,772
Nil
29,500
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mark T. Brown,
Director (1)
| 2024
2023
2022
| N/A
N/A
N/A
| 300,000
Nil
150,000
| $ 46,158
Nil
44,250
| $ 224,507
158,000
201,500
| $ 270,665
158,000
245,750
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
55
Craig Lindsay,
Director
| 2024
2023
2022
| N/A
N/A
N/A
| 200,000
Nil
100,000
| $ 30,772
Nil
29,500
| $ Nil
Nil
Nil
| $ 30,772
Nil
29,500
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sven Gollan,
Former Director (2)
| 2024
2023
2022
| N/A
N/A
N/A
| Nil
Nil
100,000
| $ Nil
NIl
23,100
| $ Nil
Nil
Nil
| $ Nil
Nil
23,500
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
John Wilson,
Former Director
| 2023
2022
| N/A
N/A
| Nil
50,000
| $ Nil
14,750
| $ Nil
Nil
| $ Nil
14,750
|
(1)
|
| "Other Compensation" for Mark T. Brown is for management and accounting fees and share issue costs paid to Pacific Opportunity Capital, a private consulting firm for which Mr. Brown is President and a director and Ms. Winnie Wong is Vice President.
|
(2)
|
| Mr. Gollan did not stand for re-election to the Board of Directors at the 2024 Annual and General Meeting of Shareholders held on March 27, 2024.
|
No funds were set aside or accrued by the Company during fiscal 2024 to provide pension, retirement or similar benefits for Directors or Executive Officers.
TERMINATION AND CHANGE OF CONTROL BENEFITS
Jason Weber, President and CEO: In the case of a change of control resulting in involuntarily termination of Mr. Weber without cause or in the event of a termination of Mr. Weber for Good Reason, Mr. Weber is entitled to 18 months’ base salary and 18 months’ continued benefits coverage.
Rob Duncan, Vice-President Exploration: In the case of the Company being substantially sold or had a change of control, Mr. Duncan is entitled to 1-year pay.
Board Practices
The Board of Directors’ mandate is to manage or supervise the management of the business and affairs of the Company and to act with a view to the best interests of the Company. The Company’s corporate governance practices are the responsibility of the Board.
Management has been delegated the responsibility for meeting defined corporate objectives, implementing approved strategic and operating plans, carrying out the Company's business in the ordinary course, evaluating business opportunities, recruiting staff and complying with applicable regulatory requirements. The Board facilitates its independent supervision over management by reviewing and approving long-term strategic, business and capital plans, material contracts and business transactions, all debt and equity financing transactions. Through its Audit Committee, the Board examines the effectiveness of the Company's internal control processes. The Board reviews and sets executive compensation and recommends incentive stock options.
The Board facilitates its exercise of independent supervision over management by ensuring that a majority of its members are independent of the Company. Directors are considered to be independent if they have no direct or indirect material relationship with the Company. A "material relationship" is a relationship which could, in the view of the Company's Board, be reasonably expected to interfere with the exercise of a director's independent judgment.
Currently, two of the three members of the Audit Committee are considered to be independent.
The Board considers its size each year when it considers the number of directors to recommend to the shareholders for elections at the annual meeting of shareholders, taking into account the number required to carry
56
out the Board's duties effectively and to maintain a diversity of views and experience. The Board does not have a nominating committee, and these functions are currently performed by the Board as a whole. However, if there is a change in the number of directors required by the Company, this policy will be reviewed. When new directors are appointed, they receive orientation on the Company's business, current projects and the industry. Board meetings may also include presentations by the Company's management and employees to give the directors additional insight into the Company's business.
The Board has found that the fiduciary duties placed on individual directors by the Company's governing corporate legislation and the common law and the restrictions placed by applicable corporate legislation on an individual directors' participation in decisions of the Board in which the director has an interest have been sufficient to ensure that the Board operates independently of management and in the best interests of the Company.
Audit Committee
The Company's Audit Committee operates under a written charter which is reviewed by the Board of Directors on an annual basis. A copy of the current Audit Committee Charter was included in the Company’s Management Information Circular dated February 16, 2024.
The Audit Committee’s primary functions are to assist the Board of Directors (the "Board") in fulfilling its financial oversight responsibilities with respect to financial reporting and disclosure requirements; ensure that an effective risk management and financial control framework has been implemented by management of the Company; and be responsible for external and internal audit processes.
Composition
The Audit Committee shall be composed of a minimum of three members of the Board of Directors, a majority of whom are independent. All members of the Audit Committee shall be financially literate. Financial literacy is the ability to read and understand a balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement that present a breadth and level of complexity comparable to the Corporation’s financial statements.
Members shall serve one-year terms and may serve consecutive terms, which are encouraged to ensure continuity of experience. The Chairperson shall be appointed by the Board of Directors for a one-year term, and may serve any number of consecutive terms.
Responsibilities
The Audit Committee will review and report to the board of directors of the Company the financial statements and MD&A (management discussion and analysis); the auditor’s report, if any; and review the Company’s annual and interim earnings press releases before the Company publicly discloses the information. The Committee will also ensure that adequate procedures are in place for the review of the Company’s public disclosure of financial information and periodically assess the adequacy of the procedures.
The Committee will recommend to the Board of Directors the external auditor and the compensation of the external auditor and pre-approve all non-audit services to be provided to the Company by the auditor. It will oversee the work of the external auditor, including the resolution of any disagreements between management and the auditor regarding financial reporting. The Committee will monitor, evaluate and report to the Board of Directors on the integrity of the financial reporting process and the system of internal controls that management and the Board have established.
Procedures for the receipt, retention and treatment of complaints received by the Company regarding accounting, internal controls or auditing matters will be established by the Committee, including the confidential and anonymous submission by employees.
57
The Committee has the authority to engage independent counsel and other advisors as it deems necessary to carry out its duties and the committee will set the compensation for such advisors. The committee has the authority to communicate directly with and to meet with the external auditors and the internal auditor, without management involvement. This extends to requiring the external auditor to report directly to the committee.
Reporting Obligations
The Committee will report to the Board of Directors on the proceedings of each Committee meeting and on the Committee’s recommendations at the next regularly scheduled Directors’ meeting. The Committee met in person once in fiscal 2024, with other meetings conducted electronically.
The current Audit Committee members are Marc G. Blythe, Craig Lindsay, and Mark Brown. Mr. Blythe and Mr. Lindsay are considered to be “independent”.
Staffing
The Company currently has one employee and 2 executive officers. Administrative functions are performed under an agreement with Pacific Opportunity Capital. Mineral Exploration, including geological services and field work, are performed by management and contactors on an as needed basis.
Share Ownership
The Registrant is a publicly owned Canadian corporation, the shares of which are owned by U.S. residents, Canadian residents and other foreign residents. The Registrant is not controlled by another corporation as described below.
Table No. 7 lists, as of January 31. 2025, Directors and Executive Officers who beneficially own the Registrant's voting securities and the amount of the Registrant's voting securities owned by the Directors and Executive Officers as a group.
Table No. 7
Shareholdings of Executive Officers and Directors
Title
of
Class
|
Name of Beneficial Owner
| Amount and Nature
of Beneficial
Ownership
| Percent
of
Class
|
|
|
|
|
Common
| Marc G. Blythe (1)
| 489,597
| 1.02%
|
Common
| Mark T. Brown (2)
| 7,355,648
| 15.11%
|
Common
| Craig Lindsay (3)
| 539,000
| 1.12%
|
Common
| Jason Weber (4)
| 1,155,916
| 2.37%
|
Common
| Winnie Wong (5)
| 420,180
| 0.87%
|
Common
| Rob Duncan (6)
| 1,343,272
| 2.77%
|
|
|
|
|
| Total Officers and Directors
| 11,303,613
| 21.85%
|
| (1)
| Of these shares, 69,597 are common shares and 420,000 represent share purchase options.
|
| (2)
| Of these shares, 2,604,000 are common shares and 610,000 are share purchase options owned personally. 3,761,145 are common shares and 347,903 are stock purchase warrants owned by Pacific Opportunity Capital, a private company controlled by Mark T. Brown. 32,600 are common shares owned by Spartacus Management, a private company controlled by Mark T. Brown.
|
| (3)
| Of these shares, 27,000 are common shares and 92,000 are share purchase warrants held in the name of Arbutus Grove Capital, a private company owned by Craig Lindsay. 420,000 are share purchase options held by Mr. Lindsay directly.
|
58
| (4)
| Of these shares, 420,916 are common shares, 735,000 represent share purchase options and 237,000 represent stock purchase warrants.
|
| (5)
| Of these shares, 180 are common shares and 420,000 represent share purchase options.
|
| (6)
| Of these shares, 594,522 are common shares, 610,000 represent share purchase options, and 138,750 are stock purchase warrants.
|
Based upon 47,713,494 shares outstanding as of January 31, 2025, share purchase warrants and stock options held by each beneficial holder exercisable within sixty days as detailed in Table No. 11, “Stock Options Outstanding” below.
Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions
The Registrant is a publicly owned Canadian corporation, the shares of which are owned by U.S. residents, Canadian residents and other foreign residents. The Registrant is not controlled by another corporation as described below. The Company's common shares are issued in registered form and the following information is taken from the records of Computershare Investor Services, 510 Burrard Street, 2nd Floor Vancouver, British Columbia V6C 3B9.
On December 31, 2024, the shareholders' list for the Company's common shares showed 47,713,494 common shares issued and outstanding. There are 12 registered holders, including depositories, holding 47,096,643 common shares in Canada. 4 registered holders, including depositories, hold 466,851 common shares in the United States, and 1 registered holder, including depositories, holding 150,000 common shares in other countries.
The Company is aware of two persons/companies who beneficially own 5% or more of the Registrant's voting securities. Table No. 8 lists as of January 31, 2025, persons and/or companies holding 5% or more beneficial interest in the Company’s outstanding common stock.
Table No. 8
5% or Greater Shareholders
Title
of
Class
|
Name of Beneficial Owner
| Amount and Nature
of Beneficial
Ownership
| Percent
of
Class
|
Common
| Mark T. Brown (1)
| 7,355,648
| 15.11%
|
Common
| Fruchtexpress Grabher GmbH & Co KG (2)
| 3,200,000
| 6.71%
|
|
|
|
|
| (1)
| Of these shares, 2,604,000 are common shares and 610,000 are share purchase options owned personally. 3,761,145 are common shares and 347,903 are stock purchase warrants owned by Pacific Opportunity Capital, a private company controlled by Mark T. Brown. 32,600 are common shares owned by Spartacus Management, a private company controlled by Mark T. Brown.
|
| (2)
| All of these shares are beneficially owned by Hubert Grabher.
|
Based upon 47,713,494 shares outstanding as of January 31, 2025, share purchase warrants and stock options held by each beneficial holder exercisable within sixty days as detailed in Table No. 11, “Stock Options Outstanding” below.
No shareholders of the Company have different voting rights from any other shareholder.
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
During Fiscal 2024 ended September 30, 2024, the Company paid Pacific Opportunity Capital, a private company controlled by Mark T. Brown, a director of the Company, $224,507 (Fiscal 2023 - $158,000; Fiscal 2022 - $201,500) for management, accounting, and shareholder communication services.
59
Item 8. Financial Information
The financial statements as required under ITEM #18 are attached hereto and found immediately following the text of this Annual Report. The auditors’ report of DeVisser Gray LLP, Chartered Professional Accountants, is included herein immediately preceding the financial statements and schedules.
Current Legal Proceedings
The Company knows of no material, active or pending, legal proceedings against them; nor is the Company involved as a plaintiff in any other material proceeding or pending litigation. The Company knows of no other active or pending proceedings against anyone that might materially adversely affect an interest of the Company.
Dividends
The Company has not declared any dividends on its common shares since inceptions and does not anticipate that it will do so in the foreseeable future. The present policy of the Company is to retain future earnings, if any, for use in its operations and the expansion of its business.
Item 9. Offer and Listing of Securities
As of September 30, 2024, the end of the Company's most recent fiscal year, the authorized capital of the Company consisted of an unlimited number of Common Shares without par value and an unlimited number of Preferred Shares without par value. After adjusting for the 1 for 5 share consolidation effective August 14, 2023, there were 47,713,494 Common Shares and no Preferred Shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and as of January 31, 2025.
NATURE OF TRADING MARKET
The Company's common shares trade on the TSX Venture Exchange in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada under the stock symbol “SNAG”. The Company previously traded under the name Alianza Minerals Ltd. and the symbol “ANZ” until the completion of a 1 for 5 share consolidation and name change effective August 14, 2023. The current CUSIP number is 016095101. The Company's common shares are not registered to trade in the United States in the form of American Depository Receipts (ADR's) or similar certificates.
Table No. 9 lists the volume of trading and high, low and closing sale prices on the TSX Venture Exchange for the Company's common shares for:
·each of the last six months ending December 31, 2024;
·each of the last twelve fiscal quarters ending the three months ended December 31, 2024; and
·each of the last five fiscal years ending September 30, 2024.
All historical share prices have been adjusted for the 1 for 5 share consolidation effective August 14, 2023.
60
Table No. 9
TSX Venture Exchange
Common Shares Trading Activity
| - Sales-
|
| Canadian Dollars
|
Period
| High
| Low
| Close
|
|
|
|
|
December 2024
| $ 0.10
| $ 0.065
| $ 0.10
|
November 2024
| 0.10
| 0.075
| 0.085
|
October 2024
| 0.15
| 0.09
| 0.105
|
September 2024
| 0.13
| 0.10
| 0.11
|
August 2024
| 0.15
| 0.10
| 0.12
|
July 2024
| 0.16
| 0.13
| 0.13
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended December 31, 2024
| $ 0.15
| $ 0.065
| $ 0.10
|
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
| 0.16
| 0.10
| 0.11
|
Three Months Ended June 30, 2024
| 0.24
| 0.105
| 0.16
|
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
| 0.165
| 0.08
| 0.115
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended December 31, 2023
| $ 0.25
| $ 0.125
| $ 0.14
|
Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
| 0.275
| 0.10
| 0.21
|
Three Months Ended June 30, 2023
| 0.175
| 0.10
| 0.125
|
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
| 0.225
| 0.10
| 0.125
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended December 31, 2022
| $ 0.20
| $ 0.10
| $ 0.20
|
Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
| 0.30
| 0.20
| 0.20
|
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
| 0.40
| 0.20
| 0.25
|
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
| 0.45
| 0.30
| 0.35
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2024
| $ 0.24
| $ 0.065
| $ 0.10
|
Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2023
| 0.275
| 0.10
| 0.14
|
Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2022
| 0.45
| 0.10
| 0.20
|
Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2021
| 1.25
| 0.35
| 0.40
|
Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2020
| 1.00
| 0.15
| 1.00
|
61
Table No. 10 lists, as of January 31, 2025, share purchase warrants outstanding, the exercise price, and the expiration date of the share purchase warrants.
Table No. 10
Share Purchase Warrants Outstanding
Number of Share Purchase
Warrants Outstanding
|
Exercise Price/Share
|
Expiration Date
|
|
|
|
87,860
| 0.50
| March 15, 2025
|
1,000,000
| 0.625
| May 19, 2025
|
1,250,000
| 0.30
| October 19, 2026
|
100,000
| 0.30
| December 28, 2026
|
6,500,000
| 0.20
| April 11, 2027
|
2,500,000
| 0.35
| June 21, 2028
|
1,099,250
| 0.35
| June 28, 2028
|
556,250
| 0.35
| July 18, 2028
|
|
|
|
Total 13,093,360
|
|
|
Table No. 10a lists, as of January 31, 2025, finder’s warrants outstanding, the exercise price, and the expiration date of the share purchase warrants.
Table No. 10a
Finder’s Share Purchase Warrants Outstanding
Number of Finder’s Warrants
Outstanding
|
Exercise Price/share
|
Expiration Date
|
|
|
|
105,000
| $ 0.16
| June 21, 2025
|
10,500
| 0.16
| June 28, 2025
|
10,937
| 0.16
| July 18, 2025
|
79,450
| 0.20
| October 19, 2026
|
43,750
| 0.20
| December 28, 2026
|
|
|
|
Total 249,637
|
|
|
American Depository Receipts. Not applicable.
Other Securities to be Registered. Not applicable
The TSX Venture Exchange
The Company's common stock is currently listed and trading on the TSX Venture Exchange (“TSX-V”).
The TSX-V was created through the acquisition of the Canadian Venture Exchange by the Toronto Stock Exchange. The Canadian Venture Exchange was a result of the merger between the Vancouver Stock Exchange and the Alberta Stock Exchange which took place on November 29, 1999. On August 1, 2001, the Toronto Stock Exchange completed its purchase of the Canadian Venture Exchange from its member firms and renamed the Exchange the TSX Venture Exchange. The TSX-V currently operates as a complementary but independent exchange from its parent.
62
The initial roster of the TSX-V was made up of venture companies previously listed on the Vancouver Stock Exchange or the Alberta Stock Exchange and later incorporated junior listings from the Toronto, Montreal and Winnipeg Stock Exchanges. The TSX-V is a venture market as compared to the TSX Exchange which is Canada’s senior market and the Montreal Exchange which is Canada’s market for derivatives products.
The TSX-V is a self-regulating organization owned and operated by the TMX Group. It is governed by representatives of its member firms and the public.
The TMX Group acts as a business link between TSX Venture Exchange members, listed companies and investors. TSX-V policies and procedures are designed to accommodate companies still in their formative stages and recognize those that are more established. Listings are predominately small and medium sized companies.
Regulation of the TSX Venture Exchange, its member firms and its listed companies is the responsibility of Investment Industry Regulatory Organization of Canada ("IIROC"). IIROC is a not-for-profit, independent Canadian self-regulatory organization that, among other things, oversees trading in exchanges and marketplaces.
IIROC administers, oversees and enforces the Universal Market Integrity Rules (“UMIR”). To ensure compliance with UMIR, IIROC monitors real-time trading operations and market-related activities of marketplaces and participants, and also enforces compliance with UMIR by investigating alleged rule violations and administering any settlements and hearings that may arise in respect of such violations.
Investors in Canada are protected by the Canadian Investor Protection Fund (“CIPF”). The CIPF is a private trust fund established to protect customers in the event of the insolvency of a member of any of the following Self-Regulatory Organizations: the TSX Venture Exchange, the Montreal Exchange, the TSX, the Toronto Futures Exchange and the IIROC.
Item 10. Additional Information
Share Capital
The Company has financed its operations through the issuance of common shares through private placements, the exercise of warrants issued in the private placements, and the exercise of stock options. The changes in the Company’s share capital during the last 3 fiscal years are as follows:
During fiscal 2024, the Company issued 15,835,500 common shares:
·In October and December 2023, the Company issued 5,000,000 common shares pursuant to a non-brokered private placement in two tranches. The company issued both flow-through and non-flow through share units. 2,700,000 non-flow through units were issued at a price of $0.20 per unit for gross proceeds of $540,000 and 2,300,000 flow-through units were issued at a price of $0.20 per share for gross proceeds of $460,000. Each unit consisted of common share and one-half of a share purchase warrant, with a full warrant entitling the holder to purchase one additional non-flow through common share for a 36 month period at a price of $0.30. The Company also paid $24,640 in cash finder’s fees and issued 123,200 finder’s warrants, each of which is exercisable into one common share at a price of $0.20 for a period of 36 months. The Company incurred additional share issue costs of $61,205 in connection with this financing.
·In April 2024, the Company issued 6,500,000 common shares pursuant to a non-brokered private placement of common stock units at a price of $0.10 per unit for gross proceeds of $650,000. Each unit
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consisted of one common share and one common share purchase warrant. Each warrant entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share for a 36-month period at a price of $0.20. The Company paid $28,210 in cash finder’s fees and incurred share issue costs of $45,102.
·In June and July 2024, the Company issued at total of 4,155,500 common shares in a non-brokered private placement in three tranches:
oIn June 2024, the Company completed the first tranche by issuing 2,500,000 charity flow-through units at a price of $0.225 per unit for gross proceeds of $562,500. Each charity flow-through unit consisted of one common share and one common share purchase warrant, with each warrant entitling the holder to purchase one additional non-flow through common share for a 48 month period at a price of $0.35 per share.
oIn June 2024, the Company completed the second tranche by issuing 1,099,250 non-flow-through units at a price of $0.16 per unit for gross proceeds of $175,880. Each non-flow through unit consists of one common share and one common share purchase warrant, with each warrant entitling the holder to purchase one additional non-flow through common share for a 48 month period at a price of $0.35 per share.
oIn July 2024, the Company completed the third tranche by issuing 556,250 non-flow through units at a price of $0.16 per unit for gross proceeds of $89,000. Each non-flow through unit consists of one common share and one common share purchase warrant, with each warrant entitling the holder to purchase one additional non-flow through common share for a 48 month period at a price of $0.35 per share.
The Company paid $20,230 in cash finder’s fees, incurred $87,172 in share issue costs, and issued the following finder’s warrants exercisable into one common share at a price of $0.16 for a period of 12 months: 105,000 finder’s warrants until June 21, 2025, 10,500 finder’s warrants until June 28, 2025 and 10,937 finder’s warrants until July 18, 2025.
·In June 2024, Issued 180,000 common shares at a deemed price of $0.22 per share for a total consideration of $39,600 for the option on the GDR property.
During fiscal 2023 ended September 30, 2023, the Company issued a total of 87,860 common shares. All the shares were issued pursuant to the exercise of warrants for proceeds of $21,965.
During fiscal 2022 ended September 30, 2022, the Company issued a total of 2,000,000 common shares.
·Issued 2,000,000 common shares through a non-brokered private placement of common stock units at a price of $0.375 per unit for gross proceeds of $750,000. Each unit consisted of one common share and one-half of a common share purchase warrant. Each full warrant entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share at a price of $0.625 until May 19, 2025.
Shares Issued for Assets Other Than Cash
During Fiscal 2024, the Company issued 180,000 common shares valued at $0.22 per share for total consideration of $39,600 for the option on the GDR property.
During Fiscal 2023 and 2022, no common shares were issued for assets other than cash.
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FLOW THROUGH SHARES
Canadian tax legislation allows for investment tax credits, at a rate of 15%, applicable to certain mining exploration expenses in Canada pursuant to a Flow-through share issuance agreement. Common shares of exploration companies which are issued under the program are known as “Flow-Through” shares as the Company making the qualified expenditures flow-through such tax credits received to the purchasers of these specific common shares. A Flow-through share investor could apply this tax credit to reduce his or her Canadian Federal income tax payable. In order to apply for the credits, the flow-through shareholder must be resident in Canada and subject to Canada Federal Income Tax for the taxation year in which the credit is being claimed.
A sub-category of the Flow-through shares are Charity Flow-Through Shares. Under this program, Charity Flow-through Shares are sold by the qualifying exploration company to Canadian taxpayers who retain the flow-through tax incentives but donate the now non-flow through common shares to a registered Canadian charity in exchange for the tax deduction for the value of the shares. The charity may then resell the donated common shares to new buyers, including those located outside Canada, and keep the sales proceeds.
The mining exploration expenses that qualify for the investment tax credit under the Flow-through program must be incurred in the scope of mining exploration activities conducted from or above the ground surface in order to determine the existence or location of mineral materials. These minerals include the deposit of common metals or the deposit of minerals for which the Minister of Natural Resources has stated that the principal mineral extract is an industrial mineral contained in a non-stratified deposit. The mining exploration activities that qualify include expenses incurred in order to determine the existence, location, extent, or quality of a mineral resource in Canada, including the prospector costs, the geological, geophysical or geochemical study costs, the costs of steelhead or diamond drilling, by hammering or other methods, and the costs of digging trenches. It is not intended for expenses related to existing mines.
During the fiscal year ended September 30, 2024, the Company issued 2,300,000 flow-through common shares at a price of $0.20 per share for gross proceeds of $460,000, and issued 2,500,000 charity flow-through units at a price of $0.225 per unit for gross proceeds of $562,500.
Shares Held By Company
-No Disclosure Necessary-
Stock Options
Stock Options to purchase securities from Registrant can be granted to Directors and Employees of the Company on terms and conditions acceptable to the regulatory authorities in Canada, notably the TSX Venture Exchange.
The Company has a Rolling Stock Option Plan (the "Plan") which is required to be approved by shareholders annually. The Plan was first approved at the Annual General and Special Meeting of Shareholders held on December 31, 2005 and re-approved at each of the Annual and Special meetings held thereafter. There have been no changes to the Stock Option Plan since it was adopted by the Directors and approved in 2005. The Plan was re-approved at the Company's most recent Annual General Meeting held on March 27, 2024.
Under the Plan, stock options may be issued to qualified Officers, Directors, Employees and Consultants. The number of common shares reserved for issuance under the Plan is 10% of the currently issued common shares of the Company. The Board shall not grant options to any one person in any 12 month period which will, when exercised, exceed 5% of the issued and outstanding shares of the Company or to any one consultant or to those persons employed by the Company who perform investor relations services which will, when exercised, exceed 2% of the issued and outstanding shares of the Company. Upon expiry of an option, or in the event an option is
65
otherwise terminated for any reason, the number of shares in respect of the expired or terminated option shall again be available for the purposes of the Plan. If the option holder ceases to be a director of the Company or ceases to be employed by the Company, other than by reason of death, or ceases to be a consultant of the Company as the case may be, then the option granted shall expire no later than the 90th day following the date that the option holder ceases to be a director, ceases to be employed by the Company or ceases to be a consultant of the Company, subject to the terms and conditions set out in the Plan.
The exercise price of the option under the Plan may not be less than the closing price of the common shares on the TSX Venture Exchange on the day immediately preceding the date of grant, less the applicable discount allowed by the policies on the TSX Venture Exchange. An option granted under the Plan must be exercised within a period of five years from granting. Within this five year period, the Company's Board of Directors may determine the limitation period during which an option may be exercised and whether a particular grant will have a minimum vesting period. Any agreement to decrease the option price of options previously granted to insiders will require the approval of "disinterested shareholders", which is defined as approval by a majority of the votes cast at the Meeting other than votes attaching to shares of the Company beneficially owned by insiders of the Company to whom options may be granted under the Plan, and associates of such persons.
A complete copy of the Company’s Stock Option Plan as approved by shareholders was included as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 20-F Registration Statement.
The names and titles of the Directors/Executive Officers of the Registrant to whom outstanding stock options have been granted and the numbers of common shares subject to such options are set forth in Table No. 11 as of January 31, 2025, as well as the number of options granted to Directors and all employees as a group.
Table No. 11
Stock Options Outstanding
Name
|
Number of
Options
Granted
| Number of
Options
Currently
Vested
|
CDN$
Exercise
Price
|
Expiration
Date
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jason Weber,
President and CEO
| 60,000
200,000
350,000
125,000
| 60,000
200,000
350,000
125,000
| $ 0.70
0.50
0.15
0.10
| October 15, 2025
January 18, 2027
April 24, 2029
January 30, 2030
|
|
|
|
|
|
Winnie Wong,
Chief Financial Officer
| 40,000
100,000
200,000
80,000
| 40,000
100,000
200,000
80,000
| $ 0.70
0.50
0.15
0/10
| October 15, 2025
January 18, 2027
April 24, 2029
January 30, 2030
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rob Duncan,
Vice-President, Exploration
| 60,000
150,000
300,000
100,000
| 60,000
150,000 300,000
100,000
| $ 0.70
0.50
0.15
0.10
| October 15, 2025
January 18, 2027
April 24, 2029
January 30, 2030
|
|
|
|
|
|
Marc Blythe
Director
| 40,000
100,000
200,000
80,000
| 40,000
100,000
200,00
80,000
| $ 0.70
0.50
0.15
0.10
| October 15, 2025
January 18, 2027
April 24, 2029
January 30, 2030
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Mark T. Brown,
Director
| 60,000
150,000
300,000
100,000
| 60,000
150,000
300,000
100,000
| $ 0.70
0.50
0.15
0.10
| October 15, 2025
January 18, 2027
April 24, 2029
January 30, 2030
|
|
|
|
|
|
Craig Lindsay,
Director
| 40,000
100,000
200,000
80,000
| 40,000
100,000
200,000
80,000
| $ 0.70
0.50
0.15
0.10
| October 15, 2025
January 18, 2027
April 24, 2029
January 30, 2030
|
|
|
|
|
|
Employees/Consultants/
Former Directors
| 101,000
360,000
310,000
450,000
40,000
| 101,000
360,000
310,000
450,000
40,000
| $ 0.75
0.50
0.15
0.15
0.10
| October 15, 2025
January 18, 2027
April 24, 2029
July 2, 2029
January 30, 2030
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Officers and Directors
| 3,215,000
| 3,215,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Employees/
Consultants/Former Directors
| 1,261,000
| 1,261,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Officers/Directors/
Employees and Consultants
| 4,476,000
| 4,476,000
|
|
|
Bonus Pool
In fiscal 2016, the Company issued 400,000 common shares to the Company’s largest shareholder, Pacific Opportunity Capital Ltd., to settle $300,000 of at a deemed price of $0.75 per share. Pacific Opportunity has set aside 100,000 of those shares as a Bonus Pool to be granted to management based on the successful completion of certain milestones relating to the Company’s joint venture business model. In October 2020, 20,000 of such shares were granted to management.
Resolutions/Authorization/Approvals
-No Disclosure Necessary-
Memorandum and Articles of Association
The Company was originally incorporated on October 21, 2005 under the provisions of the Business Corporations Act (Alberta) under the name “Tarsis Capital Corp.”. The Company's articles were restated on December 20, 2005 in order to remove the restrictions on transfer of shares. The Company was continued into British Columbia under the Business Corporations Act (B.C.) (the "Act") on June 2, 2008, and changed its name to "Tarsis Resources Ltd." on June 17, 2009. On April 29, 2015, the Company changed its name to “Alianza Minerals Ltd.”. On August 14, 2023, the Company changed its name to “Silver North Resources Ltd.”.
There are no restrictions on the business the company may carry on in the Articles of Incorporation.
Under the Company’s articles and bylaws any director or senior officer who holds any office or possesses any property, right or interest that could result, directly or indirectly, in the creation of a duty or interest that materially conflicts which that individual's duty or interest as a director or senior officer, must disclose the nature and extent of the conflict as required by the Act. Such director or senior officer that has a disclosable interest in a contract or transaction shall be liable to account to the Company for any profits that accrue to the director or senior officer
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under or as a result of the contract or transaction unless disclosure is made thereof and the contract or transaction is approved in accordance with the provisions of the Act. A director is not allowed to vote on any transaction or contract with the Company in which he has a disclosable interest unless all directors have a disclosable interest in that transaction or contract, in which case all of those directors may vote on such resolution.
Part 14 of the Company’s bylaws address the duties of the directors, while Part 8 discusses the Borrowing Powers. The Company may, if authorized by the directors, may:
a)borrow money in the manner and amount, on the security, from the sources and on the terms and conditions that the directors think fit;
b)issue bonds, debentures, and other debt obligations either outright or as security for any liability or obligation of the Company or any other person;
c)guarantee the repayment of money by any other person or the performance of any obligation of any other person;
d)mortgage, charge, whether by way of specific or floating charge, grant a security interest in, or give other security on, the whole or any part of the undertaking, property and assets of the Company, both present and future.
Any bonds, debentures or other debt obligations of the Company may be issued at a discount, premium or otherwise, and with any special privileges as to redemption, surrender, drawings, allotment of or conversion into or exchange for shares or other securities, attending and voting at general meetings of the Company, appointment of directors and otherwise, and may, by their terms, be assignable free from any equities between the Company and the person to whom they were issued or any subsequent holder thereof, all as the directors may determine.
There are no age limit requirements pertaining to the retirement or non-retirement of directors and a director need not be a shareholder of the Company. At each annual general meeting of the Company, all the directors shall retire and the shareholders shall elect a Board of Directors consisting of the number of directors for the time being set pursuant the Company's Articles. A retiring director shall be eligible for re-election.
The remuneration of the directors may from time to time be determined by the directors or, if the directors shall so decide, by the shareholders. Such remuneration may be in addition to any salary or other remuneration paid to any officer or employee of the Company as such who is also a director. Directors shall be paid such reasonable travelling, hotel and other expenses as they incur in and about the business of the Company and if any director shall perform any professional or other services for the Company that in the opinion of the directors are outside the ordinary duties of a director or shall otherwise be specially occupied in or about the Company's business, he may be paid a remuneration to be fixed by the Board or, at the option of such director, by the Company in general meeting, and such remuneration may be either in addition to or in substitution for any other remuneration that he may be entitled to receive.
Subject to the Act, a director may hold any office or place of profit with the Company, other than the office of auditor with the Company, in conjunction with his office of director for such period and such terms as the directors may determine. No director or intended director shall be disqualified by his office from contracting with the Company. Subject to compliance with the Act, a director or his firm may act in a professional capacity for the Company, other than as auditor, and he or his firm shall be entitled to remuneration for professional services as if he were not a director.
Part 19 deals with indemnification and payment of expenses of directors and officers. Subject to the provisions of the Act, the directors shall cause the Company to indemnify and pay all eligible penalties and expenses of an
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eligible party and, where appropriate, the heirs and personal or other legal representatives of an eligible party in accordance with the provisions of the Act. Each director, alternate director and officer is deemed to have contracted with the Company on the terms of the indemnity contained in Article 19.1. The failure of a director, alternate director, or officer of the Company to comply with the provisions of the Act or these Articles shall not invalidate any indemnity to which he is entitled under this Part. The directors may cause the Company to purchase and maintain insurance for the benefit of eligible parties.
Part 9 deals with the Meeting of Shareholders. A notice convening a meeting specifying the place, day and hour of the meeting and, in the case of special business, the nature of that business shall be given to each shareholder entitled to attend the meeting, to each director, and to the auditor of the Company and to such other persons as are entitled by law to receive such notice. Notice shall be given as provided in the Act or in such other manner, if any, as may be prescribed by ordinary resolution. Shareholders may vote in person or by proxy.
The majority required for the passage of a special resolution or a special separate resolution shall be 2/3 of the votes cast on the resolution.
The rights, preferences and restrictions attaching to each class of the Company’s shares are as follows:
The authorized share structure of the Company consists of an unlimited number of common shares without par value and an unlimited number of Preferred Shares without par value. Common shares are non-assessable. Holders of common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters to be acted upon by the shareholders. Directors may from time to time declare and authorize payment of such dividends, if any, as they deem advisable and need not give notice of such declaration to any shareholder. Dividends are subject to the rights, if any, of shareholders holding shares with special rights as to dividends. No dividend shall be paid otherwise than out of funds and/or assets properly available for the payment of dividends and a declaration by the directors as the amount of such funds or assets available for dividends shall be conclusive.
The Company may by resolution of its directors make any changes to the authorized share structure as may be permitted under Section 54 of the Act, or in its name as may be permitted under Section 263 of the Act, and may by resolution of its directors make or authorize the making of any alterations to these Articles and the notice of articles as may be required by such changes. The Company may by ordinary resolution create or vary special rights and restrictions as provided in Section 58 of the Act. No alteration, as provided in Article 6.2, will be valid as to any part of the issued shares of any class unless the holders of all the issued shares of that class consent to the alteration in writing or consent by special separate resolution. The Company may alter its Articles by resolution of its directors and, if required by such alteration, may by resolution of its directors alter the Notice of Articles.
Subject to the provisions of the Act, the Company or the Directors on behalf of the Company, may pay a reasonable commission or allow a reasonable discount to any person in consideration of his purchasing or agreeing to purchase, whether absolutely or conditionally, any shares, debentures, share rights, warrants or debenture stock in the Company, or procuring or agreeing to procure purchasers, whether absolutely or conditionally, for any such shares, debentures, share rights, warrants or debenture stock. The Company may also pay such brokerage as may be lawful.
An annual general meeting shall be held once every calendar year at such time (not being more than 15 months after the annual reference date for the preceding calendar year) and place as may be determined by the Directors. The Directors may, as they see fit, convene an extraordinary general meeting. An extraordinary general meeting, if requisitioned in accordance with the Act, shall be convened by the Directors or, if not convened by the Directors, may be convened by the requisitionists as provided in the Act.
There are no limitations upon the rights to own securities.
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There are no provisions that would have the effect of delaying, deferring, or preventing a change in control of the Company.
There is no special ownership threshold above which an ownership position must be disclosed.
A copy of the Company’s Articles has been filed as an exhibit to the Company’s 20-F Registration Statement.
Material Contracts
1.Under an agreement dated July 16, 2007 between the Company, Almaden Minerals Ltd., and Minera Gavilan, S.A. de C.V., the Company agreed to acquire a 100% interest in a group of 6 properties (MOR, Cabin Lake, Caribou Creek, Meister River, Tim and Goz Creek) located in Yukon, Canada, and Minera Gavilan, the holder of the Erika Property in Mexico. Consideration for the acquisition was 350,000 common shares of the Company at a price of $4.00 per share, plus acquisition costs of $115,945. The Company also granted Almaden a 2% NSR on all mineral products discovered on the Mineral Properties. Further, the Company agreed to issue an additional 50,000 common shares if the Company enters an agreement with an arms-length third party (the "Optionee") wherein the optinee can earn an interest in any of the properties acquired from Almaden (except the MOR Property) by expending a minimum of $500,000 on exploration to earn its interest; and if optionee has incurred exploration expenditures of $200,000 prior to July 16, 2009; and there is a further commitment to expend a minimum of $100,000 on a work program on the property. A copy of this agreement has been filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 20-F Registration Statement.
2.Under an agreement dated May 30, 2008 between, the Company, Almaden Minerals Ltd., and Republic Resources Ltd., the Company agreed to acquire a 100% interest in the Prospector Mountain property in the Yukon from Almaden and Republic for the issuance of 10,000 common shares of the Company and the cash payment of $30,000. Almaden will also retain a 2% NSR over any minerals produced from the property. The Company may purchase 1/2 of the NSR at any time after production commences for fair value as determined by an independent valuator. The Company also agreed to issue Almaden an additional 50,000 common shares upon receipt of a positive bankable feasibility study for the property. A copy of this agreement has been filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 20-F Registration Statement.
3.Under a sale and purchase agreement between the Company and Almaden Minerals Ltd. dated June 10, 2013, the Company agreed to acquire seven mineral exploration properties from Almaden in exchange for 400,000 common shares of the Company. A copy of this agreement has been filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 20-F Registration Statement.
4.Under a Financial and Administrative Services agreement between the Company and Pacific Opportunity Capital Ltd. dated July 25, 2007, Pacific Opportunity Capital agrees to provide administrative and financial services to the Company. A copy of this agreement has been filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 20-F Registration Statement.
5.Under an executive employment contract effective January 1, 2013 between the Company and Marc Blythe, Mr. Blythe agreed to serve as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company. Mr. Blythe’s annual base salary will be $175,000 with an indefinite term unless terminated in accordance with the provisions of the agreement. A copy of this agreement has been filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 20-F Registration Statement.
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6.Arrangement Agreement between the Company and Estrella Gold Corporation for the acquisition of Estrella by the Company dated February 6, 2015. A copy of this agreement has been filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 6-K filed March 2, 2015.
7.Amendment to the Arrangement Agreement between the Company and Estrella Gold Corporation dated March 12, 2015. A copy of this agreement has been filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 6-K filed May 21, 2015.
EXCHANGE CONTROLS AND OTHER LIMITATIONS AFFECTING SECURITY HOLDERS
Canada has no system of exchange controls. There are no Canadian restrictions on the repatriation of capital or earnings of a Canadian public company to non-resident investors. There are no laws in Canada or exchange restrictions affecting the remittance of dividends, profits, interest, royalties and other payments to non-resident holders of the Company's securities, except as discussed in ITEM 10 “Taxation" below.
Restrictions on Share Ownership by Non-Canadians: There are no limitations under the laws of Canada or in the organizing documents of Silver North on the right of foreigners to hold or vote securities of Silver North, except that the Investment Canada Act may require review and approval by the Minister of Industry (Canada) of certain acquisitions of "control" of the Company by a "non-Canadian". The threshold for acquisitions of control is generally defined as being one-third or more of the voting shares of the Company. "Non-Canadian" generally means an individual who is not a Canadian citizen, or a corporation, partnership, trust or joint venture that is ultimately controlled by non-Canadians.
TAXATION
The following summary of the material Canadian federal income tax consequences are stated in general terms and are not intended to be advice to any particular shareholder. Each prospective investor is urged to consult his or her own tax advisor regarding the tax consequences of his or her purchase, ownership and disposition of shares of Common Stock. The tax consequences to any particular holder of common stock will vary according to the status of that holder as an individual, trust, corporation or member of a partnership, the jurisdiction in which that holder is subject to taxation, the place where that holder is resident and, generally, according to that holder’s particular circumstances.
This summary is applicable only to holders who are resident in the United States, have never been resident in Canada, deal at arm’s length with the Company, hold their common stock as capital property and who will not use or hold the common stock in carrying on business in Canada. Special rules, which are not discussed in this summary, may apply to a United States holder that is an issuer that carries on business in Canada and elsewhere.
This summary is based upon the provisions of the Income Tax Act of Canada and the regulations thereunder (collectively, the "Tax Act" or “ITA”) and the Canada-United States Tax Convention (the “Tax Convention”) as at the date of the Annual Report and the current administrative practices of Canada Customs and Revenue Agency. This summary does not take into account provincial income tax consequences.
Management urges each holder to consult his own tax advisor with respect to the income tax consequences applicable to him in his own particular circumstances.
CANADIAN INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES
Disposition of Common Stock
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The summary below is restricted to the case of a holder (a “Holder”) of one or more common shares (“Common Shares”) who for the purposes of the Tax Act is a non-resident of Canada, holds his Common Shares as capital property and deals at arm’s length with the Company.
Dividends
A Holder will be subject to Canadian withholding tax (“Part XIII Tax”) equal to 25%, or such lower rates as may be available under an applicable tax treaty, of the gross amount of any dividend paid or deemed to be paid on his Common Shares. Under the Tax Convention, the rate of Part XIII Tax applicable to a dividend on Common Shares paid to a Holder who is a resident of the United States is, if the Holder is a company that beneficially owns at least 10% of the voting stock of the Company, 5% and, in any other case, 15% of the gross amount of the dividend. The Company will be required to withhold the applicable amount of Part XIII Tax from each dividend so paid and remit the withheld amount directly to the Receiver General for Canada for the account of the Holder.
Disposition of Common Shares
A Holder who disposes of Common Shares, including by deemed disposition on death, will not be subject to Canadian tax on any capital gain thereby realized unless the common Share constituted “taxable Canadian property” as defined by the Tax Act. Generally, a common share of a public corporation will not constitute taxable Canadian property of a Holder unless he held the common share as capital property used by him carrying on a business in Canada, or he or persons with whom he did not deal at arm’s length alone or together held or held options to acquire, at any time within the 60 months preceding the disposition, 25% or more of the issued shares of any class of the capital stock of the Company.
A Holder who is a resident of the United States and realizes a capital gain on disposition of Common Shares that was taxable Canadian property will nevertheless, by virtue of the Treaty, generally be exempt from Canadian tax thereon unless (a) more than 50% of the value of the Common Shares is derived from, or from an interest in, Canadian real estate, including Canadian mineral resources properties, (b) the Common Shares formed part of the business property of a permanent establishment that the Holder has or had in Canada within the 12 months preceding disposition, or (c) the Holder (i) was a resident of Canada at any time within the ten years immediately preceding the disposition, and for a total of 120 months during any period of 20 consecutive years, preceding the disposition, and (ii) owned the Common Shares when he ceased to be resident in Canada.
A Holder who is subject to Canadian tax in respect of a capital gain realized on disposition of Common Shares must include one half of the capital gain (“taxable capital gain”) in computing his taxable income earned in Canada. The Holder may, subject to certain limitations, deduct one half of any capital loss (“allowable capital loss”) arising on disposition of taxable Canadian property from taxable capital gains realized in the year of disposition in respect to taxable Canadian property and, to the extent not so deductible, from such taxable capital gains of any of the three preceding years or any subsequent year.
UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES
The following is a discussion of material United States Federal income tax consequences, under the law, generally applicable to a U.S. Holder (as defined below) of common shares of the Company. This discussion does not cover any state, local or foreign tax consequences.
The following discussion is based upon the sections of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“the Code”), Treasury Regulations, published Internal Revenue Service (“IRS) rulings, published administrative positions of the IRS and court decisions that are currently applicable, any or all of which could be materially and adversely changed, possible on a retroactive basis, at any time. In addition, the discussion does not consider the potential effects, both adverse and beneficial, or recently proposed legislation which, if enacted, could be applied, possibly on a retroactive
72
basis, at any time. The discussion is for general information only and it is not intended to be, nor should it be construed to be, legal or tax advice to any holder or prospective holder of common shares of the Company. Each holder and prospective holder of common shares of the Company is advised to consult their own tax advisors about the federal, state, local, and foreign tax consequences of purchasing, owning and disposing of common shares of the Company applicable to their own particular circumstances.
U.S. Holders
As used herein, a (“U.S. Holder”) includes a holder of common shares of the Company who is a citizen or resident of the United States, a corporation created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or of any political subdivision thereof, an estate whose income is taxable in the United States irrespective of source or a trust subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States and control of a United States fiduciary as described in Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code. This summary does not address the tax consequences to, and U.S. Holder does not include, persons subject to special provisions of Federal income tax law, such as tax-exempt organizations, qualified retirement plans, financial institutions, insurance companies, real estate investment trusts, regulated investment companies, broker-dealers, non-resident alien individuals, persons or entities that have a “functional currency” other than the U.S. dollar, shareholders who hold common shares as part of a straddle, hedging or conversion transaction, and shareholders who acquired their common shares through the exercise of employee stock options or otherwise as compensation for services.
This summary is limited to U.S. Holders who own common shares as capital assets. This summary does not address the consequences to a person or entity holding an interest in a shareholder or the consequences to a person of the ownership, exercise or disposition of any options, warrants or other rights to acquire common shares.
Distribution on Common Shares of the Company
U.S. Holders receiving dividend distributions (including constructive dividends) with respect to common shares of the Company are required to include in gross income for United States Federal income tax purposes the gross amount of such distributions equal to the U.S. dollar value of such distributions on the date of receipt (based on the exchange rate on such date), to the extent that the Company has current or accumulated earnings and profits, without reduction for any Canadian income tax withheld from such distributions. Such Canadian tax withheld may be credited, subject to certain limitations, against the U.S. Holder’s United States Federal Income tax liability or, alternatively, individuals may be deducted in computing the U.S. Holder’s United States Federal taxable income by those individuals who itemize deductions. (See more detailed discussion at “Foreign Tax Credit” below). To the extent that distributions exceed current or accumulated earnings and profits of the Company, they will be treated first as a return of capital up to the U.S. Holder’s adjusted basis in the common shares and thereafter as gain from the sale or exchange of the common shares. Dividend income will be taxed at marginal tax rates applicable to ordinary income while preferential tax rates for long-term capital gains are applicable to a U.S. Holder which is an individual, estate or trust. There are currently no preferential tax rates for long-term capital gains for a U.S. Holder which is a corporation.
In the case of foreign currency received as a dividend that is not converted by the recipient into U.S. dollars on the date of receipt, a U.S. Holder will have a tax basis in the foreign currency equal to its U.S. dollar value on the date of receipt. Generally, any gain or loss recognized upon a subsequent sale of other disposition of the foreign currency, including the exchange for U.S. dollars, will be ordinary income or loss.
Dividends paid on the common shares of the Company will not generally be eligible for the dividends received deduction provided to corporations receiving dividends from certain United States corporations. A U.S. Holder which is a corporation may, under certain circumstances, be entitled to a 70% deduction of the United States source portion of dividends received from the Company (unless the Company qualifies as a “foreign personal holding
73
company” or a “passive foreign investment company”, as defined below) if such U.S. Holder owns shares representing at least 10% of the voting power and value of the Company. The availability of this deduction is subject to several complex limitations which are beyond the scope of this discussion.
Under current Treasury Regulations, dividends paid on the Company’s common shares, if any, generally will not be subject to information reporting and generally will not be subject to U.S. backup withholding tax. However, dividends and the proceeds from a sale of the Company’s common shares paid in the U.S. through a U.S. or U.S. related paying agent (including a broker) will be subject to U.S. information reporting requirements and may also be subject to the 31% U.S. backup withholding tax, unless the paying agent is furnished with a duly completed and signed Form W-9. Any amounts withheld under the U.S. backup withholding tax rules will be allowed as a refund or a credit against the U.S. Holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the required information is furnished to the IRS.
Foreign Tax Credit
For individuals whose entire income from sources outside the United States consists of qualified passive income, the total amount of creditable foreign taxes paid or accrued during the taxable year does not exceed $300 ($600 in the case of a joint return) and an election is made under section 904(j), the limitation on credit does not apply.
A U.S. Holder who pays (or has withheld from distributions) Canadian income tax with respect to the ownership of common shares of the Company may be entitled, at the option of the U.S. Holder, to either a deduction or a tax credit for such foreign tax paid or withheld. Generally, it will be more advantageous to claim a credit because a credit reduces United States Federal income taxes on a dollar-for-dollar basis, while a deduction merely reduces the taxpayer’s income subject to tax.
This election is made on a year-by-year basis and applies to all foreign income taxes (or taxes in lieu of income tax) paid by (or withheld from) the U.S. Holder during the year. There are significant and complex limitations which apply to the credit, among which is the general limitation that the credit cannot exceed the proportionate share of the U.S. Holder’s United States income tax liability that the U.S. Holder’s foreign source income bears to his/her or its worldwide taxable income in the determination of the application of this limitation. The various items of income and deduction must be classified into foreign and domestic sources. Complex rules govern this classification process. In addition, this limitation is calculated separately with respect to specific classes of income such as “passive income”, “high withholding tax interest”, “financial services income”, “shipping income”, and certain other classifications of income. Dividends distributed by the Company will generally constitute “passive income” or, in the case of certain U.S. Holders, “financial services income” for these purposes. The availability of the foreign tax credit and the application of the limitations on the credit are fact specific and management urges holders and prospective holders of common shares of the Company to consult their own tax advisors regarding their individual circumstances.
Disposition of Common Shares of the Company
A U.S. Holder will recognize gain or loss upon the sale of common shares of the Company equal to the difference, if any, between (I) the amount of cash plus the fair market value of any property received, and (ii) the shareholder’s tax basis in the common shares of the Company. Preferential tax rates apply to long-term capital gains of U.S. Holders, which are individuals, estates or trusts. This gain or loss will be capital gain or loss if the common shares are capital assets in the hands of the U.S. Holder, which will be a short-term or long-term capital gain or loss depending upon the holding period of the U.S. Holder. Gains and losses are netted and combined according to special rules in arriving at the overall capital gain or loss for a particular tax year. Deductions for net capital losses are subject to significant limitations. For U.S. Holders, which are not corporations, any unused portion of such net capital loss may be carried over to be used in later tax years until such net capital loss is thereby exhausted, but individuals may not carry back capital losses. For U.S. Holders, which are corporations (other than corporations
74
subject to Subchapter S of the Code), an unused net capital loss may be carried back three years from the loss year and carried forward five years from the loss year to be offset against capital gains until such net capital loss is thereby exhausted.
Other Considerations
In the following circumstances, the above sections of the discussion may not describe the United States Federal income tax consequences resulting from the holding and disposition of common shares of the Company.
Foreign Personal Holding Company
If at any time during a taxable year more than 50% of the total combined voting power or the total value of the Company’s outstanding shares is owned, actually or constructively, by five or fewer individuals who are citizens or residents of the United States and 60% (50% after the first tax year) or more of the Company’s gross income for such year was derived from certain passive sources (e.g. from interest income received from its subsidiaries), the Company would be treated as a “foreign personal holding company.” In that event, U.S. Holders that hold common shares of the Company would be required to include in gross income for such year their allocable portions of such passive income to the extent the Company does not actually distribute such income.
The Company does not believe that it currently has the status of a “foreign personal holding company”. However, there can be no assurance that the Company will not be considered a foreign personal holding company for the current or any future taxable year.
Foreign Investment Company
If 50% or more of the combined voting power or total value of the Company’s outstanding shares are held, actually or constructively, by citizens or residents of the United States, United States domestic partnerships or corporations, or estates or trusts other than foreign estates or trusts (as defined by the Code Section 7701(a)(31), and the Company is found to be engaged primarily in the business of investing, reinvesting, or trading in securities, commodities, or any interest therein, it is possible that the Company might be treated as a “foreign investment company” as defined in Section 1246 of the Code, causing all or part of any gain realized by a U.S. Holder selling or exchanging common shares of the Company to be treated as ordinary income rather than capital gains.
Passive Foreign Investment Company
As a foreign corporation with U.S. Holders, the Company could potentially be treated as a passive foreign investment company (“PFIC”), as defined in Section 1297 of the Code, depending upon the percentage of the Company’s income which is passive, or the percentage of the Company’s assets which is held for the purpose of producing passive income. Passive income is considered to be income resulting from certain sources, including dividends, interest, royalties, rents, and annuities.
The rule governing PFICs can have significant tax effects on U.S. shareholders of foreign corporations who are subject to U.S. Federal income taxation under alternative methods at the election of each such U.S. shareholder. As a PFIC, each U.S. shareholder’s income or gain, with respect to a disposition or deemed disposition of the PFIC’s shares or a distribution payable on such shares will generally be subject to tax at the highest marginal rates applicable to ordinary income and certain interest charges, unless the U.S. shareholder has timely made a “qualified electing fund” election or a “mark-to-market” election for those shares.
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A U.S. shareholder who elects to treat the PFIC as a Qualified Electing Fund ("QEF"), as defined in the Code, (an "Electing U.S. Holder") will be required to currently include in his income, for any taxable year in which the corporation qualifies as a PFIC, his pro-rata share of the corporation's (i) "net capital gain" (the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss), which will be taxed as long-term capital gain to the Electing U.S. Holder, and (ii) "ordinary earnings" (the excess of earnings and profits over net capital gain), which will be taxed as ordinary income to the Electing U.S. Holder, in each case, for the U.S. Holder's taxable year in which (or with which) the corporation’s taxable year ends, regardless of whether such amounts are actually distributed. A QEF election also allows the Electing U.S. Holder to generally treat any gain realized on the disposition of his common shares (or deemed to be realized on the pledge of his common shares) as capital gain; treat his share of the corporation's net capital gain, if any, as long-term capital gain instead of ordinary income, and either avoid interest charges resulting from PFIC status altogether, or make an annual election, subject to certain limitations, to defer payment of current taxes on his share of the corporation's annual realized net capital gain and ordinary earnings.
The procedure a U.S. Holder must comply with in making a timely QEF election will depend on whether the year of the election is the first year in the U.S. Holder's holding period in which the corporation is a PFIC. If the U.S. shareholder makes a QEF election in such first year, then the U.S. shareholder may make the QEF election by simply filing the appropriate documents at the time the U.S. Holder files a tax return for such first year. If, however, the corporation qualified as a PFIC in a prior year during the U.S. shareholder’s holding period, then the U.S. shareholder may make a retroactive QEF election, provided he has preserved his right to do so under the protective statement regime or he obtains IRS permission.
If a U.S. shareholder has not made a QEF Election at any time (a "Non-electing U.S. Holder"), then special taxation rules under Section 1291 of the Code will apply to gains realized on the disposition (or deemed to be realized by reason of a pledge) of his common shares, and certain "excess distributions" by the corporation. An excess distribution is a current year distribution received by the U.S. shareholder on PFIC stock to the extent that the distribution exceeds its ratable portion of 125% of the average amount received by the U.S. shareholder during the preceding three years.
A Non-electing U.S. shareholder generally would be required to pro-rate all gains realized on the disposition of his common shares and all excess distributions over the entire holding period for the common shares. All gains or excess distributions allocated to prior years of the U.S. shareholder (other than years prior to the first taxable year of the corporation during such U.S. Holder's holding period and beginning after January 1, 1987 for which it was a PFIC) would be taxed at the highest marginal tax rate for each such prior year applicable to ordinary income. The Non-electing U.S. shareholder also would be liable for interest on the foregoing tax liability for each such prior year calculated as if such liability had been due with respect to each such prior year. A Non-electing non-corporate U.S. shareholder must treat this interest charge as "personal interest" which is wholly non-deductible. The balance of the gain or the excess distribution will be treated as ordinary income in the year of the disposition or distribution, and no interest charge will be incurred with respect to such balance.
Under the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA) as included in the Hiring Incentives to Restore Employment Act of 2010, the prior 3-year statute of limitations on omissions of undisclosed foreign financial assets has been extended to 6-years and includes annual reports to be filed by a PFIC and the QEF election.
If a corporation is a PFIC for any taxable year during which a Non-electing U.S. shareholder holds common shares, then the corporation will continue to be treated as a PFIC with respect to such common shares, even if it is no longer by definition a PFIC. A Non-electing U.S. shareholder may terminate this deemed PFIC status by electing to recognize a gain, which will be taxed under the rules for Non-Electing U.S. Holders, as if such common shares had been sold on the last day of the last taxable year for which it was a PFIC. If the corporation
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no longer qualifies as a PFIC in a subsequent year, then normal Code rules and not the PFIC rules will apply with respect to a U.S. shareholder who has made a QEF election.
In certain circumstances, a U.S. Holder of stock in a PFIC can make a “qualified electing fund election” to mitigate some of the adverse tax consequences of holding stock in a PFIC by including in income its share of the corporation’s income on a current basis. However, we do not currently intend to prepare or provide the information that would enable you to make a qualified electing fund election. Management urges US persons to consult with their own tax advisors with regards to the impact of these rules.
The Company does not expect to be considered a PFIC.
Controlled Foreign Corporation
A Controlled Foreign Corporation (CFC) is a foreign corporation more than 50% of whose stock by vote or value is, on any day in the corporation’s tax year, owned (directly or indirectly) by U.S. Shareholders. If more than 50% of the voting power of all classes of stock entitled to vote is owned, actually or constructively, by citizens or residents of the United States, United States domestic partnerships and corporations or estates or trusts other than foreign estates or trusts, each of whom own actually or constructively 10% or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company could be treated as a “controlled foreign corporation” under Subpart F of the Code. This classification would affect many complex results, one of which is the inclusion of certain income of a CFC, which is subject to current U.S. tax. The United States generally taxes United States Shareholders of a CFC currently on their pro rata shares of the Subpart F income of the CFC. Such United States Shareholders are generally treated as having received a current distribution out of the CFC’s Subpart F income and are also subject to current U.S. tax on their pro rata shares of the CFC’s earnings invested in U.S. property. The foreign tax credit described above may reduce the U.S. tax on these amounts.
In addition, under Section 1248 of the Code, gain from the sale or exchange of shares by a U.S. Holder of common shares of the Corporation which is or was a United States Shareholder at any time during the five-year period ending with the sale or exchange is treated as ordinary income to the extent of earnings and profits of the Company (accumulated in corporate tax years beginning after 1962, but only while the shares were held and while the Company was “controlled”) attributable to the shares sold or exchanged. If a foreign corporation is both a PFIC and a CFC, the foreign corporation generally will not be treated as a PFIC with respect to the United States Shareholders of the CFC. This rule generally will be effective for taxable years of United States Shareholders beginning after 1997 and for taxable years of foreign corporations ending with or within such taxable years of United States Shareholders. The PFIC provisions continue to apply in the case of PFIC that is also a CFC with respect to the U.S. Holders that are less than 10% shareholders. Because of the complexity of Subpart F, a more detailed review of these rules is outside of the scope of this discussion.
The amount of any backup withholding will not constitute additional tax and will be allowed as a credit against the U.S. Holder’s federal income tax liability.
Filing of Information Returns. Under a number of circumstances, United States Investor acquiring shares of the Company may be required to file an information return with the Internal Revenue Service Center where they are required to file their tax returns with a duplicate copy to the Internal Revenue Service Center, Philadelphia, PA 19255. In particular, any United States Investor who becomes the owner, directly or indirectly, of 10% or more of the shares of the Company will be required to file such a return. Other filing requirements may apply, and management urges United States Investors to consult their own tax advisors concerning these requirements.
Statement by Experts
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The Company’s auditor for its financial statements for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2024 is DeVisser Gray LLP, Registered Chartered Professional Accountants. Their auditors’ report is included with the related financial statements.
Documents on Display
All documents incorporated in this 20-F Annual Report may be viewed at the Company’s Executive Office located at 410 – 325 Howe Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Item 11. Disclosures about Market Risk
The Company competes with other resource companies for exploration properties and possible joint venture agreements. There is a risk that this competition could increase the difficulty of concluding a negotiation on terms that the Company considers acceptable.
The Company may from time to time own available-for-sale marketable securities of other companies in the mineral resource sector. The price of these securities may be affected by many factors, including the pricing and demand of commodities, and the activities and success of the invested company. Management mitigates the risk by monitoring the trading value of the securities on a regular basis.
The Company has mineral exploration properties located in the United States which makes its operations subject to foreign currency risk. Significant changes in the currency exchange rates between the Canadian dollar relative to the US dollar could have an effect on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition. The Company has not hedged its exposure to currency fluctuations.
Item 12. Description of Other Securities
Not Applicable
Part II
Item 13. Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies
Not Applicable
Item 14. Modifications of Rights of Securities Holders and Use of Proceeds
Not Applicable
Item 15. Controls and Procedures
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures to provide reasonable assurance that material information related to the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to senior management, including Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and the Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), by others within those entities on a timely basis so that appropriate decisions can be made regarding public disclosure.
We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Principal Executive Officer and our Principal Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) under the Securities and
78
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of September 30, 2023. The Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2023, were effective to give reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and (ii) accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Office and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
The Company’s management is responsible for designing, establishing and maintaining a system of internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f)) to provide reasonable assurance that the financial information prepared by the Company for external purposes is reliable and has been recorded, processed and reported in an accurate and timely manner in accordance with IFRS. The Board of Directors is responsible for ensuring that management fulfills its responsibilities. The Audit Committee fulfills its role of ensuring the integrity of the reported information through its review of the interim and annual financial statements. Management reviewed the results of their assessment with the Company’s Audit Committee.
Because of its inherent limitations, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect all possible misstatements or frauds. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate.
To evaluate the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, Management has used the Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013), which is a suitable, recognized control framework established by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Management has assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting and concluded that such internal control over financial reporting is effective as of September 30, 2024.
Limitations on the Effectiveness of Controls
The Company's management, including the CEO and CFO, does not expect that our Disclosure Controls or our Internal Controls will prevent all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the control. The design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, control may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.
Attestation Report of the Registered Accounting Firm.
This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Company’s registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by the Company’s registered public accounting firm pursuant to the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permit the Company to provide only management’s report in this Form 20-F Annual Report.
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Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
Item 16. Reserved
Item 16A. Audit Committee Financial Expert
The Company does not have an “audit committee financial expert” serving on its audit committee. The Company’s Audit Committee consists of three directors, two of which are considered to be independent directors, all of whom are both financially literate and very knowledgeable about the Company’s affairs. Because the Company’s structure and operations are straightforward, the Company does not find it necessary at the current time to nominate a member as its financial expert.
Item 16B. Code of Ethics
The Company not adopted a formal written Code of Business Conduct and Ethics. The current limited size of the Company’s operations, and the small number of officers and consultants, allow the Board of Directors to monitor on an ongoing basis the activities of management and to ensure that the highest standard of ethical conduct is maintained. As the Company grows in size and scope, the Board anticipates that it will formulate and implement a formal Code of Business Conduct and Ethics.
Item 16C. Principal Accountant Fees and Services
The Audit Committee is directly responsible for the appointment, compensation and oversight of auditors; the audit committee has in place procedures for receiving complaints and concerns about accounting and auditing matters; and has the authority and the funding to engage independent counsel and other outside advisors.
In accordance with the requirements of the US Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and rules issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Company’s Audit Committee Charter includes a procedure for the review and pre-approval of any services performed by the Company's auditor, including audit services, audit related services, tax services and other services. The procedure requires that all proposed engagements of the auditor for audit and permitted non-audit services are submitted to the finance and audit committee for approval prior to the beginning of any such services.
Fees, including reimbursements for expenses, for professional services rendered by DeVisser Gray LLP for fiscal 2024 and 2023 ended September 30th are included in the following table.
Table No. 13
Principal Account Fees and Services
|
|
Type of Service
| Fiscal Year
2024
| Fiscal Year
2023
|
|
|
|
Audit Fees
| $ 31,900
| $ 20,500
|
Audit Related Fees
| Nil
| Nil
|
Tax Fees
| Nil
| Nil
|
All Other Fees
| Nil
| Nil
|
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Item 16D. Exemptions from Listing Standards for Audit Committees
Not Applicable
Item 16E. Purchase of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers
Not Applicable
Item 16F. Change in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant
Not Applicable
Item 16G. Corporate Governance
Not Applicable
Item 16H. Mine Safety Disclosure
Not Applicable
Item 16I. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections
--- No Disclosure Necessary ---
Item 16J. Insider Trading Policies
The Company has not adopted insider trading policies and procedures governing the purchase or sale of the Company’s stock by directors, management or employees. The Board of Directors believes that providing insiders and employees with guidance and education of the governing securities regulations, particularly those of the British Columbia Securities Commission and the TSX Venture Exchange, is sufficient to promote compliance with applicable insider trading laws.
Item 16K. Cybersecurity
Risk Management and Strategy
The Company currently manages our cybersecurity risk through our IT consultants in a variety of practices that are applicable to all users of our information technology and information assets, including our employees, vendors and contractors. The Company uses a combination of technology and monitoring to promote security awareness and prevent security incidents, including network and passwords protocols, rotation of security measures and third-party firewalls and antivirus protections.
We have not experienced any material cybersecurity incidents or identified any material cybersecurity threats that have affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect us, our business strategy, results of operations or financial condition.
Governance
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The Board of Directors is responsible for overseeing risks related to cybersecurity. The Company's senior management of the President and Chief Financial Officer are responsible for assessing and managing risks and incidents relating to cybersecurity threats. They report any material findings and recommendations, if any, to the Board of Directors.
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Part III
Item 17. Financial Statements
Not applicable
Item 18. Financial Statements
The Company's financial statements are stated in Canadian Dollars (CDN$) and are prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards.
The financial statements as required under ITEM #18 are attached hereto and found immediately following the text of this Annual Report. The auditors’ report of DeVisser Gray LLP, Chartered Professional Accountants, is included herein immediately preceding the financial statements.
Item 19. Exhibits
(A1) The financial statements thereto as required under ITEM #18 are attached hereto and found immediately following the text of this Annual Report. The auditors’ report of DeVisser Gray LLP, Chartered Professional Accountants, for the audited financial statements is included herein immediately preceding the audited financial statements.
Audited Financial Statements
Independent Auditors’ Report of DeVisser Gray LLP, dated January 27, 2025.
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position at September 30, 2024 and 2023.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the years ended September 30, 2024, September 30, 2023, and September 30, 2022.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended September 30, 2024, September 30, 2023, and September 30, 2022.
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders' Equity for the years ended September 30, 2024, September 30, 2023, and September 30, 2022.
Notes to Financial Statements
(B) Index to Exhibits:
Certificate of Incorporation, Certificates of Name Change, Articles of Incorporation, Articles of Amalgamation and By-Laws:
Certificate of Incorporation Amendment dated December 20, 2005 *
Articles and Bylaws (Alberta) *
Certificate of Continuance (British Columbia) dated June 2, 2008 *
Notice of Articles dated December 2, 2008 *
Certificate of Name Change dated June 17, 2009 *
Articles and Bylaws effective June 17, 2009 *
Notice of Articles dated June 23, 2010 *
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Certificate of Change of Name dated August 14, 2023
Instruments defining the rights of holders of the securities being registered
***See Exhibit Number 1***
Voting Trust Agreements - N/A
Material Contracts
Agreement between the Company, Almaden Minerals and Minera Gavilan, S.A. de C.V. for the acquisition of the MOR, Cabin Lake, Caribou Creek, Meister River, Tim, Goz Creek and Erika properties dated July 16, 2007. *
Agreement between the Company, Almaden Minerals Ltd and Republic Resources Ltd. for the acquisition of the Prospector Mountain property dated May 30, 2008. *
Sale and purchase agreement between the Company and Almaden Minerals Ltd. dated June 10, 2013. *
Financial and administrative services agreement between the Company and Pacific Opportunity Capital Ltd. dated July 25, 2007. *
Executive employment contact effective January 1, 2013 between the Company and Marc Blythe. *
Arrangement Agreement between the Company and Estrella Gold Corporation for the acquisition of Estrella by the Company dated February 6, 2015. **
Amendment to the Arrangement Agreement between the Company and Estrella Gold Corporation dated March 12, 2015. ***
List of Foreign Patents - N/A
Calculation of earnings per share - N/A
Explanation of calculation of ratios - N/A
List of Subsidiaries
Statement pursuant to the instructions to Item 8.A.4, regarding the financial statements filed in registration statements for initial public offerings of securities – N/A
Other Documents
Consent of Davidson & Company LLP, Chartered Professional Accountants, dated July 23, 2014. *
Copy of Stock Option Plan *
Copy of Management Information Circular for the Annual General Meeting of Shareholders dated January 24, 2014. *
Form of Proxy for the Annual General Meeting of Shareholders held on February 28, 2014. *
Notification of Change of Fiscal Year End dated May 19, 2011. *
12.1Certification of CEO Pursuant to Securities Exchange Act, Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
12.2Certification of CFO Pursuant to Securities Exchange Act, Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
13.1Certification of CEO Pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
13.2Certification of CFO Pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
* Previously filed as exhibits to the Company’s Form 20-F Registration Statement
** Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 6-K filed March 2, 2015.
*** Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 6-K filed May 21, 2015.
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SILVER NORTH RESOURCES LTD.
(formerly known as Alianza Minerals Ltd.)
Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended September 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022
325 Howe Street, Suite 410, Vancouver B.C. V6C 1Z7, Canada, TSXV: SNAG; Tel: 604-687-3520
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SILVER NORTH RESOURCES LTD.
(Formerly Alianza Minerals Ltd.)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024, 2023 AND 2022
(Presented in Canadian Dollars)
5.EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION ASSETS – continued
(a)Haldane
On March 2, 2018, the Haldane property was purchased from Equity Exploration Consultants Ltd. (“Equity”), and is located in Yukon Territory, Canada. Equity has a 2% NSR royalty on the Haldane property and is entitled to receiving bonus share payments from the Company:
oissue 50,000 post-Consolidation shares to Equity upon the public disclosure of a Measured Mineral Resource (as such term is defined in National Instrument 43-101- Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects) of 5 million oz silver-equivalent at 500g/t silver-equivalent; and
oissue 100,000 post-Consolidation shares upon the decision to commence construction of a mine or processing plant.
On April 12, 2018, the Company purchased the Nur, Clarkston and Fara claims which are contiguous to and grouped with the Haldane property from the estate of Yukon prospector John Peter Ross (the “Estate”). The Estate is entitled to receiving bonus share payments from the Company:
oissue 50,000 post-Consolidation shares to the Estate upon the public disclosure of a Measured Mineral Resource (as such term is defined in National Instrument 43-101- Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects) of 5 million oz silver-equivalent at 500g/t silver-equivalent; and
oissue 100,000 post-Consolidation shares upon the decision to commence construction of a mine or processing plant.
As of September 30, 2024, the Company had spent $5,686,215 (September 30, 2023 - $5,048,921) on advancing this property, including the acquisition costs.
106
SILVER NORTH RESOURCES LTD.
(Formerly Alianza Minerals Ltd.)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024, 2023 AND 2022
(Presented in Canadian Dollars)
5.EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION ASSETS – continued
(b)Tim
On January 24, 2020, subsequently amended on December 5, 2023, the Company entered into an option agreement with a subsidiary of Coeur Mining Inc. (“Coeur”) for Coeur to acquire the Company’s wholly-owned Tim property located in southern Yukon.
Coeur can earn an initial 51% interest in the Tim property by completing item numbers 1 to 7 per the table below:
| Date/Period
| Expenditures
| Option Payment
|
1
| On the Effective Date
| None
| $10,000 (received)
|
2
| On or before 1st anniversary of the Class 1 Notification Date
| $50,000 (completed)
| $15,000 (received)
|
3
| On or before 2nd anniversary of the Class 1 Notification Date
| -
| $25,000 (received)
|
4
| By December 31, 2023
| -
| $50,000 (received)
|
5
| By December 31, 2024
| $700,000
| $75,000 (subsequently received)
|
6
| By December 31, 2025
| $1,100,000
| $100,000
|
7
| By December 31, 2026
| $1,353,073
| $100,000
|
8
| By December 31, 2027
| -
| $100,000
|
9
| On or before the 8th anniversary of the Class 1 Notification Date
| -
| $100,000
|
(*) Class 1 Notification Date is December 16, 2020.
As further consideration for the agreed upon amendments, Coeur agreed to make a one-time payment of $50,000 to the Company on or before December 31, 2023 (received).
After earning an initial 51% interest in the property, to increase its interest to 80%, Coeur must finance a feasibility study and notify the Company of its intention to develop a commercial mine on the property on or before the eighth anniversary from the date of notification of the Class 1 exploration permit, as well as completing item numbers 8 and 9 per the table above.
During the year ended September 30, 2024, Coeur was invoiced $9,750 (2023 - $nil) (received) for reimbursements related to the Tim property.
107
SILVER NORTH RESOURCES LTD.
(Formerly Alianza Minerals Ltd.)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024, 2023 AND 2022
(Presented in Canadian Dollars)
5.EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION ASSETS – continued
(c)Others
i.Ashby (Nevada)
On January 27, 2015, the Company signed a binding agreement to acquire the Ashby gold property from Sandstorm Gold Ltd. (“Sandstorm”) for 3,750 Company common shares valued at $7,500 and granted Sandstorm a right of first refusal on any future metal streaming agreements.
On August 2, 2017, the Company signed an exploration lease agreement to lease the Ashby property to Nevada Canyon Gold Corp. (“Nevada Canyon”). Under the terms of the agreement, Nevada Canyon made a US$1,000 payment on signing, will make annual payments of US$2,000 and will grant a 2% Net Smelter Royalty (“NSR”) on future production from the Lazy 1-3 claims comprising the Ashby property. Nevada Canyon will also be responsible for all claim fees and certain reclamation work to be undertaken on the property. The initial term of the lease is 10 years and can be extended for an additional 20 years.
A 2% NSR is payable to Nevada Eagle Resources LLC (“NER”) and a 1% NSR is payable to Sandstorm on production from the property.
During the year ended September 30, 2024, Nevada Canyon reimbursed the Company $2,700 (2023 - $3,438) which includes US$nil (2023 - US$543) for the 2024 annual property claim fee and US$2,000 (2023 – US$2,000) for the 2024 annual payment. Nevada Canyon paid for the 2024 annual property claim fee directly.
ii. GDR (Yukon)
On May 9, 2024, the Company entered into an option agreement to earn a 100% interest in the GDR property in southern Yukon under the following terms:
Date/Period
| Cash
| Shares
|
On the Closing Date (5 business days following TSX Venture Exchange’s approval) **
| $6,000 (paid)
| 180,000 (issued)
|
On or before 1st anniversary of the Closing Date
| $6,000
| 180,000
|
On or before 2nd anniversary of the Closing Date
| $20,000
| 240,000
|
On or before 3rd anniversary of the Closing Date
| $30,000
| 240,000
|
On or before 4th anniversary of the Closing Date
| $40,000
| 720,000
|
** Closing Date is defined as May 29, 2024.
On exercise of the option, the GDR property will be subject to a Net Smelter Return (NSR) royalty of 2.4%, 0.9% of which can be purchased for $2,000,000 by the Company until 6 months after the start of production.
As of September 30, 2024, the Company had spent $48,959 (September 30, 2023 - $nil) on advancing this property, including the acquisition costs.
108
SILVER NORTH RESOURCES LTD.
(Formerly Alianza Minerals Ltd.)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024, 2023 AND 2022
(Presented in Canadian Dollars)
5.EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION ASSETS – continued
(c)Others – continued
iii.White River, Goz Creek and MOR (Yukon)
In 2010, the Company acquired the White River property through staking. The White River property is located in the Yukon Territory, northwest of Whitehorse.
On July 23, 2007, the Company purchased from Almaden certain properties in the Yukon and Almaden assigned the 2% NSR royalty on future production from these mineral claims to Almadex:
·Goz Creek – located 180 kilometers north east of Mayo, Yukon.
·MOR – located 35 kilometers east of Teslin, Yukon and is 1.5 kilometers north of the paved Alaska Highway.
As of September 30, 2024, the Company had spent $1,138,009 (September 30, 2023 - 1,129,142) on advancing these properties, net of recoveries.
iv.Mexico
The Company holds a 1% NSR, capped at $1,000,000, on certain Mexican properties.
v.Peru
The Company holds a 1.08% Net Smelter Royalty on the Pucarana project located in central Peru.
(d)Dropped / disposed properties
i.BP (Nevada)
On June 10, 2013, the Company purchased from Almaden Minerals Ltd. (“Almaden”) the BP property in Nevada, USA for 8,000 Company common shares valued at $22,000. A 2% NSR is payable to Almadex Minerals Limited (“Almadex”) on future production on the property after Almaden transferred the NSR right to Almadex.
In 2017, the Company acquired new ground by staking additional BLM Iode mining claims at the BP property.
During the year ended September 30, 2023, the Company sold the BP property to Almadex with Almadex reimbursing the Company the property fees paid in fiscal 2023. The Company wrote off the remaining $307,548 of capitalized exploration and evaluation costs.
109
SILVER NORTH RESOURCES LTD.
(Formerly Alianza Minerals Ltd.)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024, 2023 AND 2022
(Presented in Canadian Dollars)
5.EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION ASSETS – continued
(d)Dropped / disposed properties – continued
ii.East Walker (Nevada)
On January 27, 2015, the Company acquired the East Walker property from Sandstorm for 3,750 Company common shares valued at $7,500. The East Walker property is located in Lyon County, west of Hawthorne. A 2% NSR is payable to NER from production from some claims on the property and a 1% NSR is payable to Sandstorm from all the claims on the property.
During the year ended September 30, 2023, the Company dropped the East Walker property and wrote off $31,395 of capitalized exploration and evaluation costs.
iii.La Estrella (Peru)
On March 23, 2023, the Company sold its project data associated with the La Estrella project in Peru to Highlander in consideration for the payment of $15,000 (received) and the issuance of 75,000 common shares of Highlander (received and valued at $12,000) (Note 4). Given that the property was already written off, the Company recorded the amount as other income.
iv.Twin Canyon (Colorado)
On June 17, 2020, the Company acquired a lease of the Twin Canyon gold property in southwest Colorado from Myron Goldstein and Jon Thorson (“Goldstein and Thorson”). Goldstein and Thorson are entitled to receiving further share payments from the Company under the following terms:
·100,000 post-Consolidation shares on the date that is five business days following the date that the Company enters into a joint venture, option or similar agreement with a third party in respect of the property; and
·100,000 post-Consolidation shares on the date that is five business days following the date that the Company, directly or indirectly, commence a drill program in respect of the property.
The Company agreed to assume the terms of Goldstein and Thorson’s commitments under the lease, namely the annual lease payments of US$15,000 for ten years, with the right to extend the lease for two additional terms of ten years each. The original property owner has a 1.5% NSR on the property, two-thirds (1%) of which is purchasable at any time for US$1,000,000. If annual NSR payments exceed US$20,000 in a given year, the Company will not have to make the annual US$15,000 lease payment for that year.
In June 2024, the Company transferred the Twin Canyon claims back to Goldstein and Thorson and relinquished any other commitments to this property. During the year ended September 30, 2024, the Company wrote off $710,523 of capitalized exploration and evaluation costs.
110
SILVER NORTH RESOURCES LTD.
(Formerly Alianza Minerals Ltd.)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024, 2023 AND 2022
(Presented in Canadian Dollars)
5.EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION ASSETS – continued
(d)Dropped / disposed properties – continued
v.Klondike (Colorado)
The Company acquired the Klondike property by staking a 100% interest in this property in Colorado.
On June 7, 2021, the Company and Cloudbreak Discovery PLC (“Cloudbreak”) entered into an agreement whereby either company can introduce projects to a Strategic Alliance. Projects accepted into the Strategic Alliance will be held 50/50 as to beneficial ownership but funding of the initial acquisition and any preliminary work programs will be funded 40% by the introducing partner and 60% by the other party. The initial term of the Strategic Alliance is two years and may be extended for an additional two years. The Strategic Alliance is not a separate legal entity of any kind and represents a cost-sharing arrangement only.
On December 3, 2021, as amended February 1, 2022, the Company and Cloudbreak entered into an option agreement, pursuant to which it granted Volt an option to earn a 100% interest in the Klondike property. The Company and Cloudbreak are to each receive 50% of the option payments.
Volt could earn a 100% interest in the Klondike property by (i) incurring $4.75 million in exploration expenditures on the property over four years, with expenditure shortfalls able to be paid in cash to the Company and Cloudbreak, (ii) issuing 7 million common shares over two years (the Company received its portion of 1,000,000 common shares in fiscal 2022 prior to Volt’s termination of the option agreement), (iii) making cash payments totaling $400,000 over four years (the Company received its portion of $100,000 in fiscal 2022 prior to Volt’s termination of the option agreement) and (iv) issuing 3,000,000 warrants exercisable for a three-year term at a price equal to the greater of (i) $0.23 and (ii) the 10-day VWAP of Volt’s common shares at the time of the issuance.
On February 2, 2023, Volt terminated the option agreement and the Company and Cloudbreak retained a 100% interest in this property.
The Company and Cloudbreak did not mutually agree to extend the Strategic Alliance agreement and the agreement terminated in June 2023.
In August 2024, the Company transferred the Klondike claims back to original owner and relinquished any other commitments to this property. During the year ended September 30, 2024, the Company wrote off $8,922 of capitalized exploration and evaluation costs.
111
SILVER NORTH RESOURCES LTD.
(Formerly Alianza Minerals Ltd.)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024, 2023 AND 2022
(Presented in Canadian Dollars)
5.EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION ASSETS – continued
(d)Dropped / disposed properties – continued
vi.Stateline (Colorado and Utah)
The Company acquired the Stateline property by staking a 100% interest in this property in Colorado and Utah.
On February 9, 2022, the Company and Cloudbreak entered into an option agreement with Volt to explore the Stateline property with the following terms where the Company and Cloudbreak will each receive 50% of the option payments:
Volt could earn a 100% interest in the Stateline property by (i) incurring $3.75-million in exploration expenditures on the property over four years, with expenditure shortfalls able to be paid in cash to the Company and Cloudbreak, (ii) issuing 4.25 million common shares over three years (the Company received its portion of 250,000 common shares in fiscal 2022 prior to Volt’s termination of the option agreement) and (iii) making cash payments totaling $315,000 over three years (the Company received its portion of $45,000 in fiscal 2022 prior to Volt’s termination of the option agreement).
The Company and Cloudbreak did not mutually agree to extend the Strategic Alliance agreement and the agreement terminated in June 2023.
On August 11, 2023, Volt terminated the option agreement and the Company retained a 100% interest in this property.
In August 2024, the Company transferred the Stateline claims back to original owner and relinquished any other commitments to this property. During the year ended September 30, 2024, the Company recovered $2,067 of capitalized exploration and evaluation costs.
6.DEPOSITS
As of September 30, 2024, the Company has a US$56,218 ($75,889) performance bond with the State of Colorado Board of Land Commissioners and Colorado Division of Reclamation, Mining and Safety for the Klondike property and Twin Canyon property (September 30, 2023 – US$60,218 ($81,415). Subsequent to September 30, 2024, the Company received US$36,218 ($52,194) performance bond refund from Colorado Division of Reclamation, Mining and Safety.
7.SHARE CAPITAL
a)Authorized:
As at September 30, 2024, the authorized share capital is comprised of an unlimited number of common shares without par value and an unlimited number of preferred shares issuable in series. All issued shares are fully paid.
b)Share consolidation:
On August 14, 2023, the Company effected a consolidation of its issued share capital on a five pre-consolidation common shares for one new common share basis. All references to the number of shares and per share amounts have been retroactively restated to reflect the consolidation.
112
SILVER NORTH RESOURCES LTD.
(Formerly Alianza Minerals Ltd.)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024, 2023 AND 2022
(Presented in Canadian Dollars)
7.SHARE CAPITAL – continued
c)Issued:
During the year ended September 30, 2022, the Company:
i)Completed a non-brokered private placement on May 19, 2022 by issuing 2,000,000 units (“Unit”) at a price of $0.375 per Unit for gross proceeds of $750,000. Each Unit consists of one common share and one-half common share purchase warrant. Each warrant entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share for a 36-month period at a price of $0.625. Under the residual value approach, $150,000 was assigned to the warrant component of the Units. The Company incurred share issue costs of $20,370 in connection with this financing.
During the year ended September 30, 2023, the Company:
ii)Issued common shares pursuant to the exercise of 87,860 warrants for cash proceeds of $21,965.
During the year ended September 30, 2024, the Company:
iii)Completed a non-brokered private placement in two tranches closing October 19, 2023 and December 28, 2023 by issuing 2,700,000 non-flow-through units (“Unit”) at a price of $0.20 per Unit for gross proceeds of $540,000 and 2,300,000 flow-through shares (“FT Share”) at a price of $0.20 per FT Share for gross proceeds of $460,000. Each Unit consists of one common share and one-half of one common share purchase warrant. Each warrant entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share for a 36-month period at a price of $0.30. Under the residual value approach, $12,000 was assigned to the warrant component of the Units. In connection with the financing, the Company paid $24,640 in cash finder’s fees and issued 123,200 finder’s warrants, each of which is exercisable into one common share at a price of $0.20 for a period of 36 months. The value of the finder’s warrants was determined to be $16,293 and was calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Company incurred additional share issue costs of $61,205 in connection with this financing.
iv)On April 11, 2024, the Company completed a non-brokered private placement by issuing 6,500,000 units (“Unit”) at a price of $0.10 per Unit for gross proceeds of $650,000. Each Unit consists of one common share and one common share purchase warrant. Each warrant entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share for a 36-month period at a price of $0.20. In connection with the financing, the Company paid $28,210 in cash finder’s fees and another $45,102 paid in cash was also included as share issue costs.
v)Issued 180,000 common shares to the optionors at a price of $0.22 per share for a total consideration of $39,600 to pay for the GDR property (Note 5(c)(ii)).
113
SILVER NORTH RESOURCES LTD.
(Formerly Alianza Minerals Ltd.)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024, 2023 AND 2022
(Presented in Canadian Dollars)
7.SHARE CAPITAL – continued
c)Issued: – continued
vi)On June 21, 2024, the Company completed the first tranche of a non-brokered private placement by issuing 2,500,000 charity flow-through units (“CFT Unit”) at a price of $0.225 per CFT Unit for gross proceeds of $562,500. Each CFT Unit consists of one common share and one common share purchase warrant. On June 28, 2024, the Company completed the second tranche of a non-brokered private placement by issuing 1,099,250 non-flow-through units (“NFT Units”) at a price of $0.16 per NFT Unit for gross proceeds of $175,880. Each NFT Unit consists of one common share and one common share purchase warrant. On July 18, 2024, the Company completed the third tranche of a non-brokered private placement by issuing 556,250 NFT Units for gross proceeds of $89,000. Each Warrant entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share for a 48-month period at a price of $0.35. Under the residual value approach, $11,125 was assigned to the warrant component of the NFT Units. The Company recorded a flow-through premium liability of $162,500 in connection with this financing.
In connection with the financing, the Company paid $20,230 in cash finder’s fees and issued the following finder’s warrants exercisable into one common share at a price of $0.16 for a period of 12 months: 105,000 finder’s warrants until June 21, 2025, 10,500 finder’s warrants until June 28, 2025 and 10,937 finder’s warrants until July 18, 2025. The value of the finder’s warrants was determined to be $9,814 and was calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Another $87,172 paid in cash was also included as share issue costs.
d)Share subscription:
In September 2023, the Company received $85,000 for a non-brokered private placement completed in October 2023 (Note 7(c)(iii)).
8.STOCK OPTIONS AND WARRANTS
a)Stock option compensation plan
The Company grants stock options to directors, officers, employees and consultants pursuant to the Company’s Stock Option Plan (the “Plan”). The number of options that may be issued pursuant to the Plan are limited to 10% of the Company’s issued and outstanding common shares and to other restrictions with respect to any single participant (not greater than 5% of the issued common shares) or any one consultant (not greater than 2% of the issued common shares).
Options granted to consultants performing investor relations activities will contain vesting provisions such that vesting occurs over at least 12 months with no more than one quarter of the options vesting in any 3-month period.
Vesting provisions may also be applied to other option grants, at the discretion of the directors. Options issued pursuant to the Plan will have an exercise price as determined by the directors, and permitted by the TSX-V, at the time of the grant. Options have a maximum expiry date of 5 years from the grant date.
On August 14, 2023, the Company’s stock options were consolidated on a 5 for 1 basis and the exercise prices were reflected as such (Note 7(b)).
114
SILVER NORTH RESOURCES LTD.
(Formerly Alianza Minerals Ltd.)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024, 2023 AND 2022
(Presented in Canadian Dollars)
8.STOCK OPTIONS AND WARRANTS - continued
a)Stock option compensation plan – continued
Stock option transactions and the number of stock options for the year ended September 30, 2024 are summarized as follows:
Expiry date
| Exercise price
| September 30, 2023
| Granted
| Exercised
| Expired / cancelled
| September 30, 2024
|
July 30, 2024
| $0.50
| 345,000
| -
| -
| (345,000)
| -
|
October 15, 2025
| $0.70
| 401,000
| -
| -
| -
| 401,000
|
January 18, 2027
| $0.50
| 1,160,000
| -
| -
| -
| 1,160,000
|
March 17, 2027
| $0.50
| 100,000
| -
| -
| (100,000)
| -
|
April 24, 2029
| $0.15
| -
| 1,860,000
| -
| -
| 1,860,000
|
July 2, 2029
| $0.15
| -
| 450,000
| -
| -
| 450,000
|
Options outstanding
|
| 2,006,000
| 2,310,000
| -
| (445,000)
| 3,871,000
|
Options exercisable
|
| 2,006,000
| 2,122,500
| -
| (445,000)
| 3,683,500
|
Weighted average exercise price
|
| $0.54
| $0.15
| $Nil
| $0.50
| $0.31
|
As at September 30, 2024, the weighted average contractual remaining life of options is 3.54 years (September 30, 2023 – 2.64 years; September 30, 2022 – 3.39 years). The weighted average fair value of stock options granted during the year ended September 30, 2024 was $0.15 (2023 - $nil; 2022 - $0.30).
Stock option transactions and the number of stock options for the year ended September 30, 2023 are summarized as follows:
Expiry date
| Exercise price
| September 30, 2022
| Granted
| Exercised
| Expired / cancelled
| September 30, 2023
|
March 14, 2023
| $0.50
| 168,000
| -
| -
| (168,000)
| -
|
July 30, 2024
| $0.50
| 345,000
| -
| -
| -
| 345,000
|
October 15, 2025
| $0.70
| 401,000
| -
| -
| -
| 401,000
|
January 18, 2027
| $0.50
| 1,160,000
| -
| -
| -
| 1,160,000
|
March 17, 2027
| $0.50
| 100,000
| -
| -
| -
| 100,000
|
Options outstanding
|
| 2,174,000
| -
| -
| (168,000)
| 2,006,000
|
Options exercisable
|
| 2,174,000
| -
| -
| (168,000)
| 2,006,000
|
Weighted average exercise price
|
| $0.54
| $Nil
| $Nil
| $0.50
| $0.54
|
Stock option transactions and the number of stock options for the year ended September 30, 2022 are summarized as follows:
Expiry date
| Exercise price
| September 30, 2021
| Granted
| Exercised
| Expired / cancelled
| September 30, 2022
|
March 14, 2023
| $0.50
| 168,000
| -
| -
| -
| 168,000
|
July 30, 2024
| $0.50
| 345,000
| -
| -
| -
| 345,000
|
October 15, 2025
| $0.70
| 401,000
| -
| -
| -
| 401,000
|
January 18, 2027
| $0.50
| -
| 1,160,000
| -
| -
| 1,160,000
|
March 17, 2027
| $0.50
| -
| 100,000
| -
| -
| 100,000
|
Options outstanding
|
| 914,000
| 1,260,000
| -
| -
| 2,174,000
|
Options exercisable
|
| 4,570,000
| 1,260,000
| -
| -
| 2,174,000
|
Weighted average exercise price
|
| $0.59
| $0.50
| $Nil
| $Nil
| $0.54
|
115
SILVER NORTH RESOURCES LTD.
(Formerly Alianza Minerals Ltd.)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024, 2023 AND 2022
(Presented in Canadian Dollars)
8.STOCK OPTIONS AND WARRANTS - continued
a)Stock option compensation plan – continued
The weighted average assumptions used to estimate the fair value of options for the years ended September 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:
| 2024
| 2023
| 2022
|
Risk-free interest rate
| 3.52% - 3.72%
| n/a
| 1.32% - 1.34%
|
Expected life
| 5 years
| n/a
| 5 years
|
Expected volatility
| 142.43% - 142.96%
| n/a
| 104.30% - 104.41%
|
Expected dividend yield
| nil
| n/a
| nil
|
b)Warrants
On August 14, 2023, the Company’s warrants were consolidated on a 5 for 1 basis and the warrant quantities and exercise prices are reflected as such (Note 7(b)).
The continuity of warrants for the year ended September 30, 2024 is as follows:
Expiry date
|
| Exercise price
| September 30, 2023
| Issued
| Exercised
| Expired
| September 30, 2024
|
May 19, 2025
|
| $0.625
| 1,000,000
| -
| -
| -
| 1,000,000
|
March 15, 2025
| (b)
| $0.50
| 87,860
| -
| -
| -
| 87,860
|
October 19, 2026
|
| $0.30
| -
| 1,250,000
| -
| -
| 1,250,000
|
December 28, 2026
|
| $0.30
| -
| 100,000
| -
| -
| 100,000
|
April 11, 2027
|
| $0.20
| -
| 6,500,000
| -
| -
| 6,500,000
|
June 21, 2028
|
| $0.35
| -
| 2,500,000
| -
| -
| 2,500,000
|
June 28, 2028
|
| $0.35
| -
| 1,099,250
| -
| -
| 1,099,250
|
July 18, 2028
|
| $0.35
| -
| 556,250
| -
| -
| 556,250
|
Outstanding
|
|
| 1,087,860
| 12,005,500
| -
| -
| 13,093,360
|
Weighted average
exercise price
|
|
| $0.61
| $0.26
| $Nil
| $Nil
| $0.29
|
As at September 30, 2024, the weighted average contractual remaining life of warrants is 2.71 years (September 30, 2023 – 1.62 years; September 30, 2022 – 0.75 years).
The continuity of warrants for the year ended September 30, 2023 is as follows:
Expiry date
|
| Exercise price
| September 30, 2022
| Issued
| Exercised
| Expired
| September 30, 2023
|
October 9, 2022
|
| $1.00
| 767,037
| -
| -
| (767,037)
| -
|
March 15, 2023
| (a)
| $0.25
| 3,820,000
| -
| (87,860)
| (3,732,140)
| -
|
May 19, 2025
|
| $0.625
| 1,000,000
| -
| -
| -
| 1,000,000
|
March 15, 2025
| (b)
| $0.50
| -
| 87,860
| -
| -
| 87,860
|
Outstanding
|
|
| 5,587,037
| 87,860
| (87,860)
| (4,499,177)
| 1,087,860
|
Weighted average
exercise price
|
|
| $0.59
| $0.50
| $0.25
| $0.38
| $0.61
|
(a)On February 15, 2023, the exercise price of the 3,820,000 warrants was amended from $0.50 to $0.25 and the expiry date was extended to March 15, 2023.
116
(b)Pursuant to the warrant incentive program, 87,860 warrants were exercised for 87,860 common shares and 87,860 incentive warrants at a price of $0.50 expiring on March 15, 2025.
117
SILVER NORTH RESOURCES LTD.
(Formerly Alianza Minerals Ltd.)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024, 2023 AND 2022
(Presented in Canadian Dollars)
8.STOCK OPTIONS AND WARRANTS - continued
b)Warrants – continued
The continuity of warrants for the year ended September 30, 2022 is as follows:
Expiry date
| Exercise price
| September 30, 2021
| Issued
| Exercised
| Expired
| September 30, 2022
|
July 9, 2022
| $0.50
| 2,270,000
| -
| -
| (2,270,000)
| -
|
October 9, 2022
| $1.00
| 767,037
| -
| -
| -
| 767,037
|
February 25, 2023
| $0.50
| 3,820,000
| -
| -
| -
| 3,820,000
|
May 19, 2025
| $0.625
| -
| 1,000,000
| -
| -
| 1,000,000
|
Outstanding
|
| 6,857,037
| 1,000,000
| -
| (2,270,000)
| 5,587,037
|
Weighted average exercise price
|
| $0.56
| $0.625
| $Nil
| $0.50
| $0.59
|
c)Finder’s warrants
On August 14, 2023, the Company’s finder’s warrants were consolidated on a 5 for 1 basis and the finder’s warrant quantities and exercise prices are reflected as such (Note 7(b)).
The continuity of finder’s warrants for the year ended September 30, 2024 is as follows:
Expiry date
| Exercise
price
| September 30,
2023
| Issued
| Exercised
| Expired
| September 30,
2024
|
June 21, 2025
| $0.16
| -
| 105,000
| -
| -
| 105,000
|
June 28, 2025
| $0.16
| -
| 10,500
| -
| -
| 10,500
|
July 18, 2025
| $0.16
| -
| 10,937
| -
| -
| 10,937
|
October 19, 2026
| $0.20
| -
| 79,450
| -
| -
| 79,450
|
December 28, 2026
| $0.20
| -
| 43,750
| -
| -
| 43,750
|
Outstanding
|
| -
| 249,637
| -
| -
| 249,637
|
Weighted average
exercise price
|
| $Nil
| $0.18
| $Nil
| $Nil
| $0.18
|
As at September 30, 2024, the weighted average contractual remaining life of finder’s warrants is 1.42 years (September 30, 2023 – nil years; September 30, 2022 – 0.25 years).
The continuity of finder’s warrants for the year ended September 30, 2023 is as follows:
Expiry date
| Exercise
price
| September 30,
2022
| Issued
| Exercised
| Expired
| September 30,
2023
|
October 9, 2022
| $0.675
| 267,807
| -
| -
| (267,807)
| -
|
June 14, 2023
| $0.60
| 133,117
| -
| -
| (133,117)
| -
|
Outstanding
|
| 400,924
| -
| -
| (400,924)
| -
|
Weighted average
exercise price
|
| $0.65
| $Nil
| $Nil
| $0.65
| $Nil
|
The continuity of finder’s warrants for the year ended September 30, 2022 is as follows:
Expiry date
| Exercise
price
| September 30,
2021
| Issued
| Exercised
| Expired
| September 30,
2022
|
October 9, 2022
| $0.675
| 267,807
| -
| -
| -
| 267,807
|
June 14, 2023
| $0.60
| 133,117
| -
| -
| -
| 133,117
|
Outstanding
|
| 400,924
| -
| -
| -
| 400,924
|
Weighted average
exercise price
|
| $0.65
| $Nil
| $Nil
| $Nil
| $0.65
|
118
SILVER NORTH RESOURCES LTD.
(Formerly Alianza Minerals Ltd.)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024, 2023 AND 2022
(Presented in Canadian Dollars)
8.STOCK OPTIONS AND WARRANTS - continued
c)Finder’s warrants - continued
The weighted average assumptions used to estimate the fair value of finder’s warrants for the years ended September 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:
| 2024
| 2023
| 2022
|
Risk-free interest rate
| 3.39% - 4.54%
| n/a
| n/a
|
Expected life
| 1 year – 3 years
| n/a
| n/a
|
Expected volatility
| 120.44% - 130.18%
| n/a
| n/a
|
Expected dividend yield
| nil
| n/a
| n/a
|
9.RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The aggregate value of transactions and outstanding balances relating to key management personnel and entities over which they have control or significant influence were as follows:
For the year ended September 30, 2024
|
| Short-term
employee
benefits
| Post-
employment
benefits
| Other long-
term benefits
| Termination
benefits
| Share-based
payments
|
Total
|
Jason Weber
Chief Executive Officer,
Director
| $ 162,000
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ 53,851
| $ 215,851
|
Rob Duncan
VP of Exploration
| $ 126,724
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ 46,158
| $ 172,882
|
Winnie Wong
Chief Financial Officer
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ 30,772
| $ 30,772
|
Marc G. Blythe
Director
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ 30,772
| $ 30,772
|
Mark T. Brown
Director
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ 46,158
| $ 46,158
|
Craig Lindsay
Director
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ 30,772
| $ 30,772
|
For the year ended September 30, 2023
|
| Short-term
employee
benefits
| Post-
employment
benefits
| Other long-
term benefits
| Termination
benefits
| Share-based
payments
|
Total
|
Jason Weber
Chief Executive Officer,
Director
| $ 162,000
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ 162,000
|
Rob Duncan
VP of Exploration
| $ 150,000
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ 150,000
|
119
SILVER NORTH RESOURCES LTD.
(Formerly Alianza Minerals Ltd.)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024, 2023 AND 2022
(Presented in Canadian Dollars)
9.RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS - continued
For the year ended September 30, 2022
|
| Short-term
employee
benefits
| Post-
employment
benefits
| Other long-
term benefits
| Termination
benefits
| Share-based
payments
|
Total
|
Jason Weber
Chief Executive Officer,
Director
| $ 162,000
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ 59,000
| $ 221,000
|
Rob Duncan
VP of Exploration
| $ 150,000
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ 44,250
| $ 194,250
|
Winnie Wong
Chief Financial Officer
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ 29,500
| $ 29,500
|
Marc G. Blythe
Director
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ 29,500
| $ 29,500
|
Mark T. Brown
Director
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ 44,250
| $ 44,250
|
Craig Lindsay
Director
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ 29,500
| $ 29,500
|
John Wilson
Director
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ 14,750
| $ 14,750
|
Sven Gollan
Director
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ Nil
| $ 23,100
| $ 23,100
|
Related party transactions and balances
|
| Years ended
| Balance due
|
| Services
| September 30,
2024
| September 30,
2023
| As at
September 30,
2024
| As at
September 30,
2023
|
Amounts due to:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jason Weber
| Consulting fee and share-based payment
| $ 215,851
| $ 162,000
| $ Nil
| $ 56,700
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rob Duncan
| Consulting fee and share-based payment
| $ 172,882
| $ 150,000
| $ Nil
| $ 49,679
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pacific Opportunity
Capital Ltd. (a)
| Accounting, financing and shareholder communication services
| $ 224,507
| $ 158,000
| $ 606,564
| $ 527,644 (b)
|
Mark Brown
| Expenses reimbursement
| $ 32,724
| $ 9,546
| $ Nil
| $ 3,082
|
Marc G. Blythe
| Expenses reimbursement
| $ 2,020
| $ Nil
| $ 2,115
| $ Nil
|
TOTAL:
|
| $ 645,964
| $ 479,546
| $ 608,679
| $ 637,105
|
(a)The president of Pacific Opportunity Capital Ltd., a private company, is a director of the Company.
(b)Includes a $63,465 advance that is non-interest bearing without specific terms of repayment.
120
SILVER NORTH RESOURCES LTD.
(Formerly Alianza Minerals Ltd.)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024, 2023 AND 2022
(Presented in Canadian Dollars)
10.SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE WITH RESPECT TO CASH FLOWS
The significant non-cash investing and financing transactions during the year ended September 30, 2024 were as follows:
·As at September 30, 2024, a total of $328,850 in exploration and evaluation asset costs was included in accounts payable;
·As at September 30, 2024, a total of $50,000 advance for exploration and evaluation costs was included in prepaid expenses;
·As at September 30, 2024, a total of $126,750 in share issue costs was included in due to related parties;
·The Company recorded $39,600 in share capital related to the issue of common shares pursuant to the acquisition of exploration and evaluation assets; and
·The Company recorded $26,107 in share issue costs related to the issue of finder’s warrants pursuant to the private placement financing completed.
The significant non-cash investing and financing transactions during the year ended September 30, 2023 were as follows:
·As at September 30, 2023, a total of $20,161 in exploration and evaluation asset costs was included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities and a total of $19,447 was included in due to related parties; and
·The Company recorded $12,000 in marketable securities related to shares received as part of consideration for entry into a data purchase agreement with Highlander Silver Corp.
·During the year ended September 30, 2023, the Company sold marketable securities with an original cost of $246,284 for proceeds of $216,232.
The significant non-cash investing and financing transactions during the year ended September 30, 2022 were as follows:
·As at September 30, 2022, a total of $401,957 in exploration and evaluation asset costs was included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities;
·As at September 30, 2022, a total of $20,398 advance for exploration and evaluation costs was included in prepaid expenses;
·As at September 30, 2022, a total of $32,750 in share issue costs was included in due to related parties; and
·The Company recorded $267,500 in marketable securities related to the shares received for Klondike and Stateline properties.
11.SEGMENTED INFORMATION
The Company has one reportable operating segment, that being the acquisition and exploration of mineral properties. Geographical information is as follows:
| September 30, 2024
| September 30, 2023
|
Non-current assets
|
|
|
|
|
USA
| $
| 75,889
| $
| 784,997
|
Canada
|
| 6,816,183
|
| 6,178,063
|
| $
| 6,892,072
| $
| 6,963,060
|
121
SILVER NORTH RESOURCES LTD.
(Formerly Alianza Minerals Ltd.)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024, 2023 AND 2022
(Presented in Canadian Dollars)
12.INCOME TAXES
A reconciliation of income taxes at statutory rates with the reported taxes is as follows:
| 2024
| 2023
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss before income taxes
| $
| (2,031,413)
| $
| (795,040)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expected income tax recovery
| $
| (507,000)
| $
| (216,000)
|
Permanent differences
|
| 77,000
|
| 7,000
|
Share issue costs
|
| (72,000)
|
| (35,000)
|
Effect of flow through amounts
|
| 175,000
|
|
|
Change in unrecognized deductible temporary differences
|
| 327,000
|
| 244,000
|
Total deferred income tax (recovery) expense
| $
| -
| $
| -
|
The significant components of the Company’s temporary differences, unused tax credits and unused tax losses that have not been included on the consolidated statement of financial position are as follows:
| 2024
| Expiry Date Range
| 2023
| Expiry Date Range
|
Temporary Differences
| $
|
| $
|
|
Exploration and evaluation assets
| (796,000)
| No expiry date
| (912,000)
| No expiry date
|
Property and equipment
| -
| No expiry date
| 14,000
| No expiry date
|
Share issue costs
| 291,000
| 2025 to 2028
| 167,000
| 2024 to 2027
|
Allowable capital losses
| 3,787,000
| No expiry date
| 3,793,000
| No expiry date
|
Non-capital losses available for
future periods
| 21,190,000
| 2028 to 2044
| 19,550,000
| 2027 to 2043
|
Expenditures related to the use of flow-through share proceeds are included in exploration costs but are not available as a tax deduction to the Company as the tax benefits of these expenditures are renounced to the investors. At September 30, 2024, the Company has an obligation for future flow-through expenditures of $373,836 (2023: $nil).
Tax attributes are subject to review, and potential adjustment, by tax authorities.
122
SILVER NORTH RESOURCES LTD.
(Formerly Alianza Minerals Ltd.)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024, 2023 AND 2022
(Presented in Canadian Dollars)
13.FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The Company’s financial instruments are exposed to certain financial risks, including currency risk, credit risk, liquidity risk, market risk and commodity price risk.
(a)Currency risk
The Company’s property interests in USA before dropping them in fiscal 2024 make it subject to foreign currency fluctuations and inflationary pressures which may adversely affect the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows. The Company is affected by changes in exchange rates between the Canadian Dollar and foreign functional currencies. The Company does not invest in foreign currency contracts to mitigate the risks. The Company’s exploration program, some of its general and administrative expenses and financial instruments denoted in a foreign currency are exposed to currency risk. A 10% change in the US dollar and the Peruvian nuevo sol over the Canadian dollar would change the results of operations by approximately $66,100.
(b)Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk of an unexpected loss if a customer or third party to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual obligations. The Company’s credit risk is primarily attributable to the liquidity of its cash. The Company limits exposure to credit risk by maintaining its cash with a large Canadian financial institution.
(c) Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they fall due. The Company ensures there is sufficient capital in order to meet short-term business requirements, after taking into account cash flows from operations and the Company’s holdings of cash. The Company does not have sufficient cash to settle its current liabilities, and further funding will be required to meet the Company’s short-term and long-term operating needs. The Company manages liquidity risk through the management of its capital structure.
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities are due within the current operating period.
(d) Market risk
Market risks to which the Company is exposed include unfavorable movements in commodity prices, interest rates, and foreign exchange rates. As at September 30, 2024, the Company has no producing assets and holds the majority of its cash in secure, Canadian dollar-denominated deposits. Consequently, its exposure to these risks has been significantly reduced, but as the Company redeploys its cash, exposure to these risks may increase. The objective of the Company is to mitigate exposure to these risks while maximizing returns.
The Company owns available-for-sale marketable securities in the mineral resource sector. Changes in the future pricing and demand of commodities can have a material impact on the market value of the investments. The nature of such investments is normally dependent on the invested company being able to raise additional capital to further develop and to determine the commercial viability of its resource properties. Management mitigates the risk of loss resulting from this concentration by monitoring the trading value of the investments on a regular basis.
123
SILVER NORTH RESOURCES LTD.
(Formerly Alianza Minerals Ltd.)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024, 2023 AND 2022
(Presented in Canadian Dollars)
13. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS – continued
(d) Market risk – continued
i)Interest rate risk
As at September 30, 2024, the Company’s exposure to movements in interest rates was limited to potential decreases in interest income from changes to the variable portion of interest rates for its cash. Market interest rates in Canada are at historically low levels, so management does not consider the risk of interest rate declines to be significant, but should such risks increase, the Company may mitigate future exposure by entering into fixed-rate deposits. A 1% change in the interest rate, with other variables unchanged, would not significantly affect the Company.
ii)Foreign exchange risk
The Company is exposed to the financial risk related to the fluctuation of foreign exchange rates. The Company may maintain cash and other financial instruments, or may incur revenues and expenditures in currencies other than the Canadian dollar. Significant changes in the currency exchange rates between the Canadian dollar relative to these foreign currencies, which may include but are not limited to US dollars and Peruvian nuevo sol, could have an effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flows. The Company has not hedged its exposure to currency fluctuations.
(e)Commodity price risk
The ability of the Company to develop its mineral properties and the future profitability of the Company are directly related to the market price of minerals such as gold, zinc, lead and copper. The Company’s input costs are also affected by the price of fuel. The Company closely monitors mineral and fuel prices to determine the appropriate course of action to be taken by the Company.
IFRS 7 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the input to valuation techniques used to measure fair value as follows:
Level 1 – quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;
Level 2 – inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e., as prices) or indirectly (i.e., derived from prices); and
Level 3 – inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).
The following table sets forth the Company’s financial assets measured at amortized cost by level within the fair value hierarchy.
As at September 30, 2024
|
| Level 1
|
| Level 2
|
| Level 3
|
| Total
|
Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
| $
| 709,647
| $
| -
| $
| -
| $
| 709,647
|
As at September 30, 2023
|
| Level 1
|
| Level 2
|
| Level 3
|
| Total
|
Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
| $
| 135,203
| $
| -
| $
| -
| $
| 135,203
|
124
SILVER NORTH RESOURCES LTD.
(Formerly Alianza Minerals Ltd.)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024, 2023 AND 2022
(Presented in Canadian Dollars)
14. MANAGEMENT OF CAPITAL RISK
The Company considers items included in shareholders’ equity as capital. The Company’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern in order to pursue the development of its mineral properties and to maintain a flexible capital structure which optimizes the costs of capital at an acceptable risk.
The Company manages the capital structure and makes adjustments to it in light of changes in economic conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets. To maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company may attempt to issue new shares, issue new debt, acquire or dispose of assets or adjust the amount of cash and cash equivalents.
In order to facilitate the management of its capital requirements, the Company prepares expenditure budgets that are updated as necessary depending on various factors, including successful capital deployment and general industry conditions.
In order to maximize ongoing development efforts, the Company does not pay out dividends. The Company’s approach to managing capital remains unchanged from the year ended September 30, 2024.
125
Signature Page
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and has duly caused this Annual Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Silver North Resources Ltd.
Registrant
Dated: February 12, 2025
|
| Signed: /s/ “Winnie Wong”
|
|
| Winnie Wong,
Chief Financial Officer
|
126