Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Note 1 – Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
This quarterly report presents the consolidated financial statements of Lakeland Bancorp, Inc. and its subsidiaries, including Lakeland Bank (“Lakeland”) and Lakeland’s wholly owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”). The accounting and reporting policies of the Company conform with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) and predominant practices within the banking industry. The Company’s unaudited interim financial statements reflect all adjustments, such as normal recurring accruals that are in the opinion of management, necessary for the fair presentation of the results of the interim periods. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 do not necessarily indicate the results that the Company will achieve for all of 2023.
Certain information and footnote disclosures required under U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted, as permitted by rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. These unaudited interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes that are presented in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Note 2 – Business Combinations
Provident Financial Services, Inc.
On September 26, 2022, the Company entered into a definitive merger agreement with Provident Financial Services, Inc. ("Provident") pursuant to which the companies will combine in an all-stock merger. Under the terms of the merger agreement, the Company will merge with and into Provident, with Provident as the surviving corporation, and Lakeland Bank will merge with and into Provident Bank, with Provident Bank as the surviving bank. Following the closing of the transaction, Lakeland shareholders will receive 0.8319 shares of Provident common stock for each share of Lakeland common stock they own. Upon completion of the transaction, which was subject to both Provident and Lakeland shareholder approval, Provident shareholders will own approximately 58% and Lakeland shareholders will own approximately 42% of the combined company. As of September 26, 2022, the transaction is valued at approximately $1.3 billion on a fully diluted basis. The combined company is expected to have more than $25 billion in total assets, $18 billion in total loans and $20 billion in total deposits.
The transaction has been approved by the boards of directors of both companies and, on February 1, 2023, shareholders of each company approved the proposed merger. The merger is expected to close in the second quarter of 2023, subject to satisfaction of customary closing conditions, including receipt of regulatory approvals.
The Company incurred merger-related expenses on the anticipated transaction with Provident of $295,000 during the first quarter of 2023.
1st Constitution Bancorp
On January 6, 2022, the Company completed its acquisition of 1st Constitution Bancorp ("1st Constitution"), a bank holding company headquartered in Cranbury, New Jersey. 1st Constitution was the parent of 1st Constitution Bank, which operated 25 branches in Bergen, Mercer, Middlesex, Monmouth, Ocean and Somerset Counties in New Jersey. This acquisition enabled the Company to establish a presence in Mercer, Middlesex and Monmouth Counties and broaden its presence in the other counties. Effective as of the close of business on January 6, 2022, 1st Constitution merged into the Company and 1st Constitution Bank merged into Lakeland. Pursuant to the merger agreement, the shareholders of 1st Constitution received for each outstanding share of 1st Constitution common stock that they owned at the effective time of the merger, 1.3577 shares of Lakeland Bancorp, Inc. common stock. The Company issued 14,020,495 shares of its common stock in the merger. Outstanding 1st Constitution stock options were paid out in cash at the difference between $25.55 and an average strike price of $15.95 for a total cash payment of $559,000.
The acquisition was accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting and accordingly, the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the acquisition were recorded at their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date, including the use of a fair market value specialist. The calculation of goodwill was subject to change for up to one year after the closing date of the transaction as additional information relative to closing date estimates and uncertainties became available. No adjustments were made in the year after the close of the acquisition and all accounting is considered final. 1st Constitution's results of operations have been included in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Income from January 6, 2022 forward. Further information can be found in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Direct costs related to the 1st Constitution acquisition were expensed as incurred. The Company incurred no merger-related expenses in the first quarter of 2023 and $4.6 million of merger-related expenses in the first quarter of 2022 that have been separately stated in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Income.
Note 3 – Earnings Per Share
The following schedule shows the Company’s earnings per share calculations for the periods presented:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
(in thousands, except per share data) | | | | | | 2023 | | 2022 |
Net income available to common shareholders | | | | | | $ | 19,805 | | | $ | 15,929 | |
Less: earnings allocated to participating securities | | | | | | 196 | | | 164 | |
Net income allocated to common shareholders | | | | | | 19,609 | | | $ | 15,765 | |
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic | | | | | | 64,966 | | 63,961 | |
Share-based plans | | | | | | 262 | | 277 |
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - diluted | | | | | | 65,228 | | | 64,238 | |
Basic earnings per share | | | | | | $ | 0.30 | | | $ | 0.25 | |
Diluted earnings per share | | | | | | $ | 0.30 | | | $ | 0.25 | |
There were no antidilutive options to purchase common stock excluded from the computation for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.
Note 4 – Investment Securities
The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, allowance for credit losses and the fair value of the Company's available for sale securities are as follows:
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| | March 31, 2023 |
(in thousands) | | Amortized Cost | | Gross Unrealized Gains | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | Allowance for Credit Losses | | Fair Value |
U.S. Treasury and U.S. government agencies | | $ | 372,114 | | | $ | 95 | | | $ | (23,790) | | | $ | — | | | $ | 348,419 | |
Mortgage-backed securities, residential | | 344,792 | | | 6 | | | (36,615) | | | — | | | 308,183 | |
Collateralized mortgage obligations, residential | | 165,787 | | | — | | | (14,069) | | | — | | | 151,718 | |
Mortgage-backed securities, multifamily | | 994 | | | — | | | (206) | | | — | | | 788 | |
Collateralized mortgage obligations, multifamily | | 50,692 | | | — | | | (4,270) | | | — | | | 46,422 | |
Asset-backed securities | | 50,826 | | | — | | | (1,577) | | | — | | | 49,249 | |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | | 21,993 | | | — | | | (701) | | | (2) | | | 21,290 | |
Corporate bonds | | 115,703 | | | — | | | (12,487) | | | (158) | | | 103,058 | |
Total | | $ | 1,122,901 | | | $ | 101 | | | $ | (93,715) | | | $ | (160) | | | $ | 1,029,127 | |
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| | December 31, 2022 |
(in thousands) | | Amortized Cost | | Gross Unrealized Gains | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | Allowance for Credit Losses | | Fair Value |
U.S. Treasury and U.S. government agencies | | $ | 383,958 | | | $ | 100 | | | $ | (28,419) | | | $ | — | | | $ | 355,639 | |
Mortgage-backed securities, residential | | 351,355 | | | 6 | | | (40,748) | | | — | | | 310,613 | |
Collateralized mortgage obligations, residential | | 170,502 | | | — | | | (16,444) | | | — | | | 154,058 | |
Mortgage-backed securities, multifamily | | 1,000 | | | — | | | (215) | | | — | | | 785 | |
Collateralized mortgage obligations, multifamily | | 51,108 | | | — | | | (4,775) | | | — | | | 46,333 | |
Asset-backed securities | | 54,105 | | | — | | | (1,710) | | | — | | | 52,395 | |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | | 22,112 | | | — | | | (989) | | | (1) | | | 21,122 | |
Corporate bonds | | 124,394 | | | — | | | (10,718) | | | (309) | | | 113,367 | |
Total | | $ | 1,158,534 | | | $ | 106 | | | $ | (104,018) | | | $ | (310) | | | $ | 1,054,312 | |
The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, allowance for credit losses and the fair value of the Company's held to maturity investment securities are as follows:
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| | March 31, 2023 |
(in thousands) | | Amortized Cost | | Gross Unrealized Gains | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | Allowance for Credit Losses | | Fair Value |
U.S. government agencies | | $ | 10,968 | | | $ | 10 | | | $ | (622) | | | $ | — | | | $ | 10,356 | |
Mortgage-backed securities, residential | | 354,514 | | | 123 | | | (52,843) | | | — | | | 301,794 | |
Collateralized mortgage obligations, residential | | 12,813 | | | — | | | (2,325) | | | — | | | 10,488 | |
Mortgage-backed securities, multifamily | | 5,071 | | | — | | | (665) | | | — | | | 4,406 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | | 516,289 | | | 4 | | | (83,042) | | | (45) | | | 433,206 | |
Corporate bonds | | 3,000 | | | — | | | (418) | | | (112) | | | 2,470 | |
Total | | $ | 902,655 | | | $ | 137 | | | $ | (139,915) | | | $ | (157) | | | $ | 762,720 | |
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| | December 31, 2022 |
(in thousands) | | Amortized Cost | | Gross Unrealized Gains | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | Allowance for Credit Losses | | Fair Value |
U.S. government agencies | | $ | 11,099 | | | $ | 11 | | | $ | (725) | | | $ | — | | | $ | 10,385 | |
Mortgage-backed securities, residential | | 360,683 | | | 57 | | | (58,128) | | | — | | | 302,612 | |
Collateralized mortgage obligations, residential | | 13,026 | | | — | | | (2,570) | | | — | | | 10,456 | |
Mortgage-backed securities, multifamily | | 5,094 | | | — | | | (747) | | | — | | | 4,347 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | | 530,513 | | | 2 | | | (100,400) | | | (7) | | | 430,108 | |
Corporate bonds | | 3,000 | | | — | | | (353) | | | (100) | | | 2,547 | |
Total | | $ | 923,415 | | | $ | 70 | | | $ | (162,923) | | | $ | (107) | | | $ | 760,455 | |
The following table lists contractual maturities of investment securities classified as available for sale and held to maturity as of March 31, 2023. Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities are not shown by maturity because expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities due to underlying loan prepayments of the issuer. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
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| Available for Sale | | Held to Maturity |
(in thousands) | Amortized Cost | | Fair Value | | Amortized Cost | | Fair Value |
Due in one year or less | $ | 42,276 | | | $ | 41,645 | | | $ | 54,927 | | | $ | 54,712 | |
Due after one year through five years | 250,381 | | | 235,641 | | | 33,746 | | | 32,297 | |
Due after five years through ten years | 155,291 | | | 139,130 | | | 77,738 | | | 68,421 | |
Due after ten years | 61,862 | | | 56,351 | | | 363,846 | | | 290,602 | |
| 509,810 | | | 472,767 | | | 530,257 | | | 446,032 | |
Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities | 613,091 | | | 556,360 | | | 372,398 | | | 316,688 | |
Total | $ | 1,122,901 | | | $ | 1,029,127 | | | $ | 902,655 | | | $ | 762,720 | |
During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, there were no sales of available for sale securities. Gains or losses on sales of securities are based on the net proceeds and the adjusted carrying amount of the securities sold using the specific identification method.
Securities with a carrying value of approximately $1.68 billion and $1.34 billion at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, were pledged to secure public deposits and for other purposes required by applicable laws and regulations.
The following tables indicate the length of time individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for the periods presented:
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March 31, 2023 | Less Than 12 Months | | 12 Months or Longer | | Total |
(dollars in thousands) | Fair Value | | Unrealized Losses | | Fair Value | | Unrealized Losses | | Number of Securities | | Fair Value | | Unrealized Losses |
Available for Sale | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. Treasury and U.S. government agencies | $ | 13,915 | | | $ | 30 | | | $ | 319,832 | | | $ | 23,760 | | | 62 | | | $ | 333,747 | | | $ | 23,790 | |
Mortgage-backed securities, residential | 5,635 | | | 315 | | | 301,414 | | | 36,300 | | | 134 | | | 307,049 | | | 36,615 | |
Collateralized mortgage obligations, residential | 16,300 | | | 503 | | | 135,417 | | | 13,566 | | | 104 | | | 151,717 | | | 14,069 | |
Mortgage-backed securities, multifamily | — | | | — | | | 788 | | | 206 | | | 1 | | | 788 | | | 206 | |
Collateralized mortgage obligations, multifamily | 10,716 | | | 141 | | | 35,706 | | | 4,129 | | | 20 | | | 46,422 | | | 4,270 | |
Asset-backed securities | 3,316 | | | 13 | | | 45,933 | | | 1,564 | | | 17 | | | 49,249 | | | 1,577 | |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | 1,214 | | | 11 | | | 18,461 | | | 690 | | | 42 | | | 19,675 | | | 701 | |
Corporate bonds | 32,800 | | | 3,411 | | | 70,259 | | | 9,076 | | | 47 | | | 103,059 | | | 12,487 | |
Total | $ | 83,896 | | | $ | 4,424 | | | $ | 927,810 | | | $ | 89,291 | | | 427 | | | $ | 1,011,706 | | | $ | 93,715 | |
Held to Maturity | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. government agencies | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 9,115 | | | $ | 622 | | | 3 | | | $ | 9,115 | | | $ | 622 | |
Mortgage-backed securities, residential | 20,853 | | | 849 | | | 274,937 | | | 51,994 | | | 183 | | | 295,790 | | | 52,843 | |
Collateralized mortgage obligations, residential | — | | | — | | | 10,488 | | | 2,325 | | | 11 | | | 10,488 | | | 2,325 | |
Mortgage-backed securities, multifamily | — | | | — | | | 4,406 | | | 665 | | | 4 | | | 4,406 | | | 665 | |
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Obligations of states and political subdivisions | 49,185 | | | 177 | | | 379,143 | | | 82,865 | | | 366 | | | 428,328 | | | 83,042 | |
Corporate bonds | — | | | — | | | 2,582 | | | 418 | | | 1 | | | 2,582 | | | 418 | |
Total | $ | 70,038 | | | $ | 1,026 | | | $ | 680,671 | | | $ | 138,889 | | | 568 | | | $ | 750,709 | | | $ | 139,915 | |
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December 31, 2022 | Less Than 12 Months | | 12 Months or Longer | | Total |
(dollars in thousands) | Fair Value | | Unrealized Losses | | Fair Value | | Unrealized Losses | | Number of Securities | | Fair Value | | Unrealized Losses |
Available for Sale | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. Treasury and U.S. government agencies | $ | 114,514 | | | $ | 5,856 | | | $ | 229,094 | | | $ | 22,563 | | | 67 | | | $ | 343,608 | | | $ | 28,419 | |
Mortgage-backed securities, residential | 127,363 | | | 12,399 | | | 182,079 | | | 28,349 | | | 135 | | | 309,442 | | | 40,748 | |
Collateralized mortgage obligations, residential | 66,316 | | | 3,958 | | | 87,742 | | | 12,486 | | | 104 | | | 154,058 | | | 16,444 | |
Mortgage-backed securities, multifamily | — | | | — | | | 786 | | | 215 | | | 1 | | | 786 | | | 215 | |
Collateralized mortgage obligations, multifamily | 37,407 | | | 2,861 | | | 8,926 | | | 1,914 | | | 20 | | | 46,333 | | | 4,775 | |
Asset-backed securities | 34,871 | | | 977 | | | 17,524 | | | 733 | | | 17 | | | 52,395 | | | 1,710 | |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | 3,771 | | | 276 | | | 16,746 | | | 713 | | | 46 | | | 20,517 | | | 989 | |
Corporate bonds | 88,489 | | | 7,437 | | | 22,880 | | | 3,281 | | | 49 | | | 111,369 | | | 10,718 | |
Total | $ | 472,731 | | | $ | 33,764 | | | $ | 565,777 | | | $ | 70,254 | | | 439 | | | $ | 1,038,508 | | | $ | 104,018 | |
Held to Maturity | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. government agencies | $ | 6,671 | | | $ | 336 | | | $ | 2,412 | | | $ | 389 | | | 3 | | | $ | 9,083 | | | $ | 725 | |
Mortgage-backed securities, residential | $ | 32,549 | | | $ | 2,275 | | | $ | 264,035 | | | $ | 55,853 | | | 182 | | | $ | 296,584 | | | $ | 58,128 | |
Collateralized mortgage obligations, residential | 4,668 | | | 516 | | | 5,787 | | | 2,054 | | | 12 | | | 10,455 | | | 2,570 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collateralized mortgage obligations, multifamily | 2,671 | | | 376 | | | 1,676 | | | 371 | | | 4 | | | 4,347 | | | 747 | |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | 82,459 | | | 3,689 | | | 341,076 | | | 96,711 | | | 379 | | | 423,535 | | | 100,400 | |
Debt securities | — | | | — | | | 2,647 | | | 353 | | | 1 | | | 2,647 | | | 353 | |
Total | $ | 129,018 | | | $ | 7,192 | | | $ | 617,633 | | | $ | 155,731 | | | 581 | | | $ | 746,651 | | | $ | 162,923 | |
For available for sale securities, the Company assesses whether a loss is from credit or other factors and considers the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, adverse changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency, a security's market yield as compared to similar securities and adverse conditions related to the security, among other factors. If this assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security are compared to the amortized cost basis of the security. If the present value of cash flows is less than the amortized cost, a credit loss exists and an allowance is created, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. In the first quarter of 2023, the Company recorded a provision and a subsequent charge-off of $6.6 million in subordinated debt securities of Signature Bank which failed in March 2023.
For held to maturity securities, management measures expected credit losses on a collective basis by major security type. All of the mortgage-backed securities are issued by U.S. government agencies and are either explicitly or implicitly
guaranteed by the U.S. government, are highly rated by major rating agencies and have a long history of no credit losses and, therefore, the expectation of non-payment is zero. A range of historical losses method is utilized in estimating the net amount expected to be collected for mortgage-backed securities, collateralized mortgage obligations and obligations of states and political subdivisions.
The gross unrealized losses reported for residential mortgage-backed securities relate to investment securities issued by U.S. government sponsored entities such as Federal National Mortgage Association and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation and U.S. government agencies such as Government National Mortgage Association. The total gross unrealized losses, shown in the tables above, were primarily attributable to changes in interest rates and levels of market liquidity, relative to when the investment securities were purchased, and not due to the credit quality of the investment securities.
Credit Quality Indicators
Credit ratings, which are updated monthly, are a key measure for estimating the probability of a bond's default and for monitoring credit quality on an on-going basis. For bonds other than U.S. Treasuries and bonds issued or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies, credit ratings issued by one or more nationally recognized statistical rating organizations are considered in conjunction with an assessment by the Company's management. Investment grade reflects a credit quality of BBB or above.
The tables below indicate the credit profile of the Company's held to maturity investment securities at amortized cost:
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March 31, 2023 | | AAA | | AA | | A | | BBB | | Not Rated | | Total |
(in thousands) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. government agencies | | $ | 10,968 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 10,968 | |
Mortgage-backed securities, residential | | 354,514 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 354,514 | |
Collateralized mortgage obligations, residential | | 12,813 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 12,813 | |
Mortgage-backed securities, multifamily | | 5,071 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 5,071 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | | 154,133 | | | 315,110 | | | 1,008 | | | — | | | 46,038 | | | 516,289 | |
Corporate bonds | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 3,000 | | | — | | | 3,000 | |
Total | | $ | 537,499 | | | $ | 315,110 | | | $ | 1,008 | | | $ | 3,000 | | | $ | 46,038 | | | $ | 902,655 | |
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December 31, 2022 | | AAA | | AA | | A | | BBB | | Not Rated | | Total |
(in thousands) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. government agencies | | $ | 11,099 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 11,099 | |
Mortgage-backed securities, residential | | 360,683 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 360,683 | |
Collateralized mortgage obligations, residential | | 13,026 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 13,026 | |
Mortgage-backed securities, multifamily | | 5,094 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 5,094 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | | 156,661 | | | 317,566 | | | 1,020 | | | — | | | 55,266 | | | 530,513 | |
Corporate bonds | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 3,000 | | | — | | | 3,000 | |
Total | | $ | 546,563 | | | $ | 317,566 | | | $ | 1,020 | | | $ | 3,000 | | | $ | 55,266 | | | $ | 923,415 | |
Equity securities at fair value
The Company has an equity securities portfolio, which primarily consists of investments in Community Reinvestment funds. The fair value of the equity portfolio was $17.5 million and $17.3 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded no sales of equity securities or Community Reinvestment funds. The Company recorded fair value gains on equity securities of $148,000 for the first quarter of 2023 and fair value losses of $485,000 for the first quarter of 2022. Fair value gain or loss on equity securities are recorded in noninterest income.
As of March 31, 2023, the Company's investments in Community Reinvestment funds include $7.8 million that are primarily invested in community development loans that are guaranteed by the Small Business Administration (“SBA”). Because the funds are primarily guaranteed by the federal government, there are minimal changes in fair value between accounting periods. These funds can be redeemed with 60 days' notice at the net asset value less unpaid management fees with the approval of the fund manager. As of March 31, 2023, the net amortized cost equaled the fair value of the investment. There are no unfunded commitments related to these investments.
The Community Reinvestment funds also included $9.7 million of investment in government guaranteed loans, mortgage-backed securities, small business loans and other instruments supporting affordable housing and economic development as of March 31, 2023. The Company may redeem these funds at the net asset value calculated at the end of the current business day less any unpaid management fees. There are no restrictions on redemptions for the holdings in these investments other than the notice required by the fund manager. There are no unfunded commitments related to these investments.
Note 5 – Loans
The following sets forth the composition of the Company’s loan portfolio:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(in thousands) | | March 31, 2023 | | December 31, 2022 |
Non-owner occupied commercial | | $ | 2,943,897 | | | $ | 2,906,014 | |
Owner occupied commercial | | 1,205,635 | | | 1,246,189 | |
Multifamily | | 1,275,771 | | | 1,260,814 | |
Non-owner occupied residential | | 210,203 | | | 218,026 | |
Commercial, industrial and other | | 562,677 | | | 606,711 | |
Construction | | 404,994 | | | 380,100 | |
Equipment finance | | 161,889 | | | 151,574 | |
Residential mortgage | | 857,427 | | | 765,552 | |
Home equity and consumer | | 330,060 | | | 331,070 | |
Total | | $ | 7,952,553 | | | $ | 7,866,050 | |
Loans are recorded at amortized cost, which includes principal balance and net deferred loan fees and costs. The Company elected to exclude accrued interest receivable from amortized cost. Accrued interest receivable is reported separately in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and totaled $25.1 million at March 31, 2023 and $24.5 million at December 31, 2022. Loan origination fees and certain direct loan origination costs are deferred and the net fee or cost is recognized in interest income as an adjustment of yield. Net deferred loan fees are included in loans by respective segment and totaled $162,000 at March 31, 2023 and $2.1 million at December 31, 2022.
At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, SBA Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP") loans totaled $390,000 and $435,000, respectively, and are included in the balance of commercial, industrial and other loans. Consumer loans included overdraft deposit balances of $1.0 million and $1.3 million, at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had $3.11 billion and $2.89 billion of loans pledged for potential borrowings at the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York ("FHLB"), respectively.
Credit Quality Indicators
Management closely and continually monitors the quality of its loans and assesses the quantitative and qualitative risks arising from the credit quality of its loans. Lakeland assigns a credit risk rating to all loans and loan commitments. The credit risk rating system has been developed by management to provide a methodology to be used by loan officers, department heads and senior management in identifying various levels of credit risk that exist within the loan portfolios. The risk rating system assists senior management in evaluating the loan portfolio and analyzing trends. In assigning risk ratings, management considers, among other things, the borrower’s ability to service the debt based on relevant information such as current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information and current economic conditions.
Management categorizes loans and commitments into the following risk ratings:
Pass: "Pass" assets are well protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or guarantors, if any, or by the fair value of any underlying collateral.
Watch: "Watch" assets require more than the usual amount of monitoring due to declining earnings, strained cash flow, increasing leverage and/or weakening market. These borrowers generally have limited additional debt capacity and modest coverage and average or below average asset quality, margins and market share.
Special Mention: "Special mention" assets exhibit identifiable credit weakness, which if not checked or corrected could weaken the loan quality or inadequately protect the bank’s credit position at some future date.
Substandard: "Substandard" assets are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligors or of the collateral pledged, if any. A substandard loan has a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that may jeopardize the liquidation of the debt.
Doubtful: "Doubtful" assets exhibit all of the weaknesses inherent in substandard loans, but have the added characteristics that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full improbable on the basis of existing facts.
Loss: “Loss” is a rating for loans or portions of loans that are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as bankable loans is not warranted.
The following table presents the risk category of loans by class of loan and vintage as of March 31, 2023.
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| | Term Loans by Origination Year | | | | | | |
(in thousands) | | 2023 | | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 | | Pre-2019 | | Revolving Loans | | Revolving to Term | | Total |
Non-owner occupied commercial | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pass | | $ | 76,797 | | | $ | 673,699 | | | $ | 385,422 | | | $ | 490,130 | | | $ | 285,439 | | | $ | 855,149 | | | $ | 16,413 | | | — | | | $ | 2,783,049 | |
Watch | | — | | | 1,266 | | | — | | | 21,546 | | | 8,908 | | | 62,092 | | | — | | | — | | | 93,812 | |
Special mention | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 5,476 | | | 824 | | | 29,599 | | | — | | | — | | | 35,899 | |
Substandard | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 31,137 | | | — | | | — | | | 31,137 | |
Total | | 76,797 | | | 674,965 | | | 385,422 | | | 517,152 | | | 295,171 | | | 977,977 | | | 16,413 | | | — | | | 2,943,897 | |
Owner occupied commercial | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pass | | 9,281 | | | 264,688 | | | 192,035 | | | 155,887 | | | 81,383 | | | 376,200 | | | 13,061 | | | 337 | | | 1,092,872 | |
Watch | | — | | | — | | | 3,926 | | | 1,697 | | | 3,428 | | | 31,468 | | | 1,540 | | | — | | | 42,059 | |
Special mention | | — | | | 578 | | | 16,933 | | | 5,705 | | | 4,924 | | | 18,671 | | | — | | | — | | | 46,811 | |
Substandard | | — | | | — | | | 97 | | | 14,669 | | | 1,883 | | | 7,244 | | | — | | | — | | | 23,893 | |
Total | | 9,281 | | | 265,266 | | | 212,991 | | | 177,958 | | | 91,618 | | | 433,583 | | | 14,601 | | | 337 | | | 1,205,635 | |
Multifamily | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pass | | 42,496 | | | 303,711 | | | 219,965 | | | 263,675 | | | 66,132 | | | 335,446 | | | 1,085 | | | — | | | 1,232,510 | |
Watch | | — | | | — | | | 5,785 | | | 11,674 | | | — | | | 2,483 | | | — | | | — | | | 19,942 | |
Special mention | | — | | | 500 | | | — | | | 2,408 | | | 3,844 | | | 11,203 | | | — | | | — | | | 17,955 | |
Substandard | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 5,364 | | | — | | | — | | | 5,364 | |
Total | | 42,496 | | | 304,211 | | | 225,750 | | | 277,757 | | | 69,976 | | | 354,496 | | | 1,085 | | | — | | | 1,275,771 | |
Non-owner occupied residential | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pass | | 1,516 | | | 36,575 | | | 29,077 | | | 20,250 | | | 25,280 | | | 81,870 | | | 5,301 | | | — | | | 199,869 | |
Watch | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 5,412 | | | 75 | | | — | | | 5,487 | |
Special mention | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 1,040 | | | 2,093 | | | — | | | — | | | 3,133 | |
Substandard | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 1,714 | | | — | | | — | | | 1,714 | |
Total | | 1,516 | | | 36,575 | | | 29,077 | | | 20,250 | | | 26,320 | | | 91,089 | | | 5,376 | | | — | | | 210,203 | |
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Commercial, industrial and other | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pass | | 5,943 | | | 48,052 | | | 47,449 | | | 26,114 | | | 42,404 | | | 49,927 | | | 296,529 | | | 462 | | | 516,880 | |
Watch | | — | | | 237 | | | 643 | | | 211 | | | 260 | | | 2,716 | | | 7,908 | | | — | | | 11,975 | |
Special mention | | — | | | 1,145 | | | 245 | | | — | | | 158 | | | 2,257 | | | 23,971 | | | — | | | 27,776 | |
Substandard | | — | | | — | | | 217 | | | — | | | 434 | | | 3,058 | | | 2,337 | | | — | | | 6,046 | |
Total | | 5,943 | | | 49,434 | | | 48,554 | | | 26,325 | | | 43,256 | | | 57,958 | | | 330,745 | | | 462 | | | 562,677 | |
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Construction | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pass | | 9,154 | | | 101,953 | | | 177,536 | | | 25,512 | | | 32,093 | | | 4,685 | | | 20,934 | | | — | | | 371,867 | |
Watch | | — | | | 1,455 | | | 5,913 | | | 11,758 | | | — | | | — | | | 323 | | | — | | | 19,449 | |
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Substandard | | — | | | — | | | 95 | | | — | | | — | | | 13,583 | | | — | | | — | | | 13,678 | |
Total | | 9,154 | | | 103,408 | | | 183,544 | | | 37,270 | | | 32,093 | | | 18,268 | | | 21,257 | | | — | | | 404,994 | |
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Equipment finance | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pass | | 22,953 | | | 71,381 | | | 32,882 | | | 17,975 | | | 13,314 | | | 3,000 | | | — | | | — | | | 161,505 | |
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Substandard | | — | | | 100 | | | 91 | | | 55 | | | 109 | | | 29 | | | — | | | — | | | 384 | |
Total | | 22,953 | | | 71,481 | | | 32,973 | | | 18,030 | | | 13,423 | | | 3,029 | | | — | | | — | | | 161,889 | |
Current YTD period: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross charge-offs | | — | | | — | | | 61 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 61 | |
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| | Term Loans by Origination Year | | | | | | |
(in thousands) | | 2023 | | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 | | Pre-2019 | | Revolving Loans | | Revolving to Term | | Total |
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Residential mortgage | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pass | | 104,154 | | | 319,686 | | | 165,213 | | | 109,090 | | | 34,879 | | | 122,487 | | | — | | | — | | | 855,509 | |
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Substandard | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 471 | | | 1,447 | | | — | | | — | | | 1,918 | |
Total | | 104,154 | | | 319,686 | | | 165,213 | | | 109,090 | | | 35,350 | | | 123,934 | | | — | | | — | | | 857,427 | |
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Consumer | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pass | | 5,440 | | | 44,471 | | | 30,291 | | | 8,383 | | | 3,966 | | | 22,741 | | | 213,637 | | | — | | | 328,929 | |
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Substandard | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 768 | | | 31 | | | 332 | | | 1,131 | |
Total | | 5,440 | | | 44,471 | | | 30,291 | | | 8,383 | | | 3,966 | | | 23,509 | | | 213,668 | | | 332 | | | 330,060 | |
Current YTD period: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross charge-offs | | 65 | | | 6 | | | 6 | | | — | | | 1 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 78 | |
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Total loans | | $ | 277,734 | | | $ | 1,869,497 | | | $ | 1,313,815 | | | $ | 1,192,215 | | | $ | 611,173 | | | $ | 2,083,843 | | | $ | 603,145 | | | $ | 1,131 | | | $ | 7,952,553 | |
Current YTD period: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross charge-offs | | 65 | | | 6 | | | 67 | | | — | | | 1 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 139 | |
The following table presents the risk category of loans by class of loan and vintage as of December 31, 2022.
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| | Term Loans by Origination Year | | | | | | |
(in thousands) | | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 | | 2018 | | Pre-2018 | | Revolving Loans | | Revolving to Term | | Total |
Non-owner occupied commercial | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pass | | $ | 673,235 | | | $ | 391,748 | | | $ | 495,618 | | | $ | 271,109 | | | $ | 183,971 | | | $ | 703,852 | | | $ | 19,317 | | | 2,502 | | | $ | 2,741,352 | |
Watch | | 1,272 | | | — | | | 21,720 | | | 26,906 | | | 12,099 | | | 48,314 | | | — | | | — | | | 110,311 | |
Special mention | | — | | | — | | | 494 | | | 830 | | | 15,586 | | | 16,304 | | | — | | | — | | | 33,214 | |
Substandard | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 133 | | | 21,004 | | | — | | | — | | | 21,137 | |
Total | | 674,507 | | | 391,748 | | | 517,832 | | | 298,845 | | | 211,789 | | | 789,474 | | | 19,317 | | | 2,502 | | | 2,906,014 | |
Owner occupied commercial | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pass | | 267,754 | | | 198,131 | | | 191,603 | | | 85,343 | | | 61,581 | | | 317,434 | | | 13,328 | | | — | | | 1,135,174 | |
Watch | | — | | | — | | | 2,888 | | | 3,520 | | | 4,728 | | | 28,659 | | | 75 | | | — | | | 39,870 | |
Special mention | | 585 | | | 17,778 | | | 5,749 | | | 1,862 | | | 3,701 | | | 20,292 | | | — | | | — | | | 49,967 | |
Substandard | | — | | | 97 | | | 8,876 | | | 1,899 | | | 475 | | | 9,831 | | | — | | | — | | | 21,178 | |
Total | | 268,339 | | | 216,006 | | | 209,116 | | | 92,624 | | | 70,485 | | | 376,216 | | | 13,403 | | | — | | | 1,246,189 | |
Multifamily | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pass | | 312,910 | | | 221,306 | | | 265,187 | | | 67,072 | | | 95,432 | | | 249,021 | | | 5,288 | | | — | | | 1,216,216 | |
Watch | | — | | | 5,817 | | | 11,692 | | | — | | | — | | | 2,504 | | | — | | | — | | | 20,013 | |
Special mention | | 500 | | | — | | | 2,421 | | | — | | | — | | | 11,274 | | | — | | | — | | | 14,195 | |
Substandard | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 3,864 | | | — | | | 6,526 | | | — | | | — | | | 10,390 | |
Total | | 313,410 | | | 227,123 | | | 279,300 | | | 70,936 | | | 95,432 | | | 269,325 | | | 5,288 | | | — | | | 1,260,814 | |
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Non-owner occupied residential | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pass | | 37,445 | | | 29,365 | | | 22,133 | | | 24,205 | | | 18,489 | | | 67,114 | | | 7,513 | | | 21 | | | 206,285 | |
Watch | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 2,068 | | | — | | | 5,244 | | | 75 | | | — | | | 7,387 | |
Special mention | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 507 | | | 822 | | | 1,017 | | | — | | | — | | | 2,346 | |
Substandard | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 2,008 | | | — | | | — | | | 2,008 | |
Total | | 37,445 | | | 29,365 | | | 22,133 | | | 26,780 | | | 19,311 | | | 75,383 | | | 7,588 | | | 21 | | | 218,026 | |
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Commercial, industrial and other | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pass | | 48,719 | | | 51,894 | | | 27,644 | | | 57,124 | | | 13,936 | | | 39,892 | | | 339,040 | | | 245 | | | 578,494 | |
Watch | | 251 | | | 704 | | | 237 | | | 211 | | | — | | | 1,424 | | | 10,001 | | | — | | | 12,828 | |
Special mention | | 375 | | | 258 | | | — | | | 179 | | | 36 | | | 378 | | | 4,878 | | | — | | | 6,104 | |
Substandard | | 776 | | | 242 | | | — | | | 450 | | | 4,722 | | | 183 | | | 2,912 | | | — | | | 9,285 | |
Total | | 50,121 | | | 53,098 | | | 27,881 | | | 57,964 | | | 18,694 | | | 41,877 | | | 356,831 | | | 245 | | | 606,711 | |
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Construction | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pass | | 79,420 | | | 172,849 | | | 35,295 | | | 31,447 | | | 7,245 | | | 4,005 | | | 19,294 | | | — | | | 349,555 | |
Watch | | 1,159 | | | 5,480 | | | 10,299 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 171 | | | — | | | 17,109 | |
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Substandard | | — | | | 95 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 13,341 | | | — | | | — | | | 13,436 | |
Total | | 80,579 | | | 178,424 | | | 45,594 | | | 31,447 | | | 7,245 | | | 17,346 | | | 19,465 | | | — | | | 380,100 | |
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Equipment finance | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pass | | 74,840 | | | 36,087 | | | 20,382 | | | 15,738 | | | 3,862 | | | 546 | | | — | | | — | | | 151,455 | |
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Substandard | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 97 | | | 22 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 119 | |
Total | | 74,840 | | | 36,087 | | | 20,382 | | | 15,835 | | | 3,884 | | | 546 | | | — | | | — | | | 151,574 | |
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Residential mortgage | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pass | | 323,636 | | | 167,791 | | | 110,199 | | | 35,180 | | | 20,218 | | | 106,391 | | | — | | | — | | | 763,415 | |
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Substandard | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 490 | | | 341 | | | 1,306 | | | — | | | — | | | 2,137 | |
Total | | 323,636 | | | 167,791 | | | 110,199 | | | 35,670 | | | 20,559 | | | 107,697 | | | — | | | — | | | 765,552 | |
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Consumer | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pass | | 47,282 | | | 31,368 | | | 8,658 | | | 4,143 | | | 3,093 | | | 21,482 | | | 213,857 | | | — | | | 329,883 | |
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Substandard | | 33 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 23 | | | 853 | | | 278 | | | — | | | 1,187 | |
Total | | 47,315 | | | 31,368 | | | 8,658 | | | 4,143 | | | 3,116 | | | 22,335 | | | 214,135 | | | — | | | 331,070 | |
Total loans | | $ | 1,870,192 | | | $ | 1,331,010 | | | $ | 1,241,095 | | | $ | 634,244 | | | $ | 450,515 | | | $ | 1,700,199 | | | $ | 636,027 | | | $ | 2,768 | | | $ | 7,866,050 | |
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Past Due and Non-Accrual Loans
Loans are considered past due if required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were contractually due. A loan is generally considered non-performing when it is placed on non-accrual status. A loan is generally placed on non-accrual status when it becomes 90 days past due if such loan has been identified as presenting uncertainty with respect to the collectability of interest and principal. A loan past due 90 days or more may remain on accruing status if such loan is both well secured and in the process of collection.
The following tables present the payment status of the recorded investment in past due loans as of the periods noted, by class of loans.
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March 31, 2023 | | | | Past Due | | | | |
(in thousands) | | Current | | 30 - 59 Days | | 60 - 89 Days | | Greater than 89 days | | Total | | | | Total Loans |
Non-owner occupied commercial | | $ | 2,943,274 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 623 | | | $ | 623 | | | | | $ | 2,943,897 | |
Owner occupied commercial | | 1,197,244 | | | 1,288 | | | — | | | 7,103 | | | 8,391 | | | | | 1,205,635 | |
Multifamily | | 1,275,187 | | | — | | | — | | | 584 | | | 584 | | | | | 1,275,771 | |
Non-owner occupied residential | | 210,186 | | | — | | | 17 | | | — | | | 17 | | | | | 210,203 | |
Commercial, industrial and other | | 560,510 | | | — | | | — | | | 2,167 | | | 2,167 | | | | | 562,677 | |
Construction | | 404,014 | | | — | | | — | | | 980 | | | 980 | | | | | 404,994 | |
Equipment finance | | 160,504 | | | 946 | | | 408 | | | 31 | | | 1,385 | | | | | 161,889 | |
Residential mortgage | | 852,974 | | | 3,395 | | | — | | | 1,058 | | | 4,453 | | | | | 857,427 | |
Consumer | | 328,326 | | | 1,066 | | | 273 | | | 395 | | | 1,734 | | | | | 330,060 | |
Total | | $ | 7,932,219 | | | $ | 6,695 | | | $ | 698 | | | $ | 12,941 | | | $ | 20,334 | | | | | $ | 7,952,553 | |
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December 31, 2022 | | | | Past Due | | | | |
(in thousands) | | Current | | 30 - 59 Days | | 60 - 89 Days | | Greater than 89 days | | Total | | | | Total Loans |
Non-owner occupied commercial | | $ | 2,905,049 | | | $ | 346 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 619 | | | $ | 965 | | | | | $ | 2,906,014 | |
Owner occupied commercial | | 1,235,134 | | | 2,854 | | | 477 | | | 7,724 | | | 11,055 | | | | | 1,246,189 | |
Multifamily | | 1,260,135 | | | — | | | 679 | | | — | | | 679 | | | | | 1,260,814 | |
Non-owner occupied residential | | 217,407 | | | 178 | | | — | | | 441 | | | 619 | | | | | 218,026 | |
Commercial, industrial and other | | 603,731 | | | 55 | | | 3 | | | 2,922 | | | 2,980 | | | | | 606,711 | |
Construction | | 379,120 | | | — | | | — | | | 980 | | | 980 | | | | | 380,100 | |
Equipment finance | | 150,842 | | | 494 | | | 238 | | | — | | | 732 | | | | | 151,574 | |
Residential mortgage | | 760,638 | | | 3,031 | | | 271 | | | 1,612 | | | 4,914 | | | | | 765,552 | |
Consumer | | 330,119 | | | 841 | | | 62 | | | 48 | | | 951 | | | | | 331,070 | |
Total | | $ | 7,842,175 | | | $ | 7,799 | | | $ | 1,730 | | | $ | 14,346 | | | $ | 23,875 | | | | | $ | 7,866,050 | |
The following tables present information on non-accrual loans at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
March 31, 2023 | | | | | | | | |
(in thousands) | | Non-accrual | | Interest Income Recognized on Non-accrual Loans | | Amortized Cost Basis of Loans > 89 days Past due but still accruing | | Amortized Cost Basis of Non-accrual Loans without Related Allowance |
Non-owner occupied commercial | | $ | 908 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
Owner occupied commercial | | 8,757 | | | — | | | — | | | 8,482 | |
Multifamily | | 584 | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Non-owner occupied residential | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Commercial, industrial and other | | 2,221 | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Construction | | 980 | | | — | | | — | | | 980 | |
Equipment finance | | 379 | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Residential mortgage | | 1,918 | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Consumer | | 1,131 | | | — | | | — | | | 72 | |
Total | | $ | 16,878 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 9,534 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
December 31, 2022 | | | | | | | | |
(in thousands) | | Non-accrual | | Interest Income Recognized on Non-accrual Loans | | Amortized Cost Basis of Loans > 89 days Past due but still accruing | | Amortized Cost Basis of Non-accrual Loans without Related Allowance |
Non-owner occupied commercial | | $ | 618 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
Owner occupied commercial | | 9,439 | | | — | | | — | | | 8,859 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Non-owner occupied residential | | 441 | | | — | | | — | | | 440 | |
Commercial, industrial and other | | 2,978 | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Construction | | 980 | | | — | | | — | | | 980 | |
Equipment finance | | 114 | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Residential mortgage | | 2,011 | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Consumer | | 781 | | | — | | | — | | | 79 | |
Total | | $ | 17,362 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 10,358 | |
At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were no loans that were past due more than 89 days and still accruing. The Company had no residential mortgages and consumer loans included in non-accrual and that were in the process of foreclosure at March 31, 2023 and $898,000 in residential mortgages and consumer home equity loans included in total non-accrual loans that were in the process of foreclosure at December 31, 2022.
Purchased Credit Deteriorated ("PCD") Loans
The following summarizes the PCD loans acquired in the 1st Constitution acquisition as of the closing date, January 6, 2022.
| | | | | |
(in thousands) | PCD Loans |
Gross amortized cost basis | $ | 140,300 | |
Interest component of expected cash flows (accretable difference) | (3,792) | |
Allowance for credit losses on PCD loans | (12,077) | |
Net PCD loans | $ | 124,431 | |
At March 31, 2023, net PCD loans acquired from 1st Constitution totaled $81.1 million.
Troubled Debt Restructurings and Modifications of Loans to Debtors Experiencing Financial Difficulty
During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update 2022-02, "Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures" ("ASU 2022-02"). Among other things, ASU 2022-02 eliminates the recognition and measurement guidance of troubled debt restructured loans ("TDRs") so that creditors will apply the same guidance to all modifications when determining whether a modification results in a new receivable or continuation of an existing receivable. ASU 2022-02 requires vintage disclosures of gross charge-offs as shown in the vintage disclosure above. It also replaces the historical disclosure of TDRs with the new disclosure of modifications of receivables to debtors experiencing financial difficulty.
Prior to the adoption of ASU 2022-02, loans were classified as TDRs in cases where borrowers experienced financial difficulties and Lakeland made certain concessionary modifications to contractual terms. Restructured loans typically involved a modification of terms such as a reduction of the stated interest rate, a moratorium of principal payments and/or an extension of the maturity date at a stated interest rate lower than the current market rate of a new loan with similar risk.
During the three months ended March 31, 2023, there were no loan modifications that met the definition of a modification to a debtor experiencing financial difficulty. At December 31, 2022, TDRs totaled $2.6 million, all of which were accruing TDRs. There were no loans that were restructured during the three months ended March 31, 2022, that met the definition of a TDR. There were no restructured loans that subsequently defaulted in the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.
Note 6 - Allowance for Credit Losses
The Company measures expected credit losses for financial assets measured at amortized cost, including loans, investments and certain off-balance-sheet credit exposures in accordance with ASU 2016-13. See Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 for a description of the Company's methodology.
Under the standard, the Company's methodology for determining the allowance for credit losses on loans is based upon key assumptions, including the lookback periods, historic net charge-off factors, economic forecasts, reversion periods, prepayments and qualitative adjustments. The allowance is measured on a collective, or pool, basis when similar risk characteristics exist. Loans that do not share common risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual basis and are excluded from the collective evaluation. At March 31, 2023, loans totaling $7.86 billion were evaluated collectively and the allowance on these balances totaled $68.0 million and loans totaling $93.3 million were evaluated on an individual basis with the specific allocations of the allowance for credit losses totaling $3.4 million. Loans evaluated on an individual basis include $81.4 million in PCD loans, which had a specific allowance for credit losses of $2.7 million. The Company made the election to exclude accrued interest receivable from the estimate of credit losses.
Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans
The allowance for credit losses on loans is summarized in the following table:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
(in thousands) | | | | | | 2023 | | 2022 |
Balance at beginning of the period | | | | | | $ | 70,264 | | | $ | 58,047 | |
Initial allowance for credit losses on PCD loans | | | | | | — | | | 12,077 | |
Charge-offs on PCD loans | | | | | | — | | | (7,634) | |
Charge-offs | | | | | | (139) | | | (170) | |
Recoveries | | | | | | 65 | | | 162 | |
Net charge-offs | | | | | | (74) | | | (7,642) | |
Provision for credit loss - loans | | | | | | 1,213 | | | 4,630 | |
Balance at end of the period | | | | | | $ | 71,403 | | | $ | 67,112 | |
The provision for credit losses on loans for the first quarter of 2023 included a slight increase in qualitative factors due to uncertainty in the economy, which was partially offset by a decrease in the total of individually evaluated loans, while the provision for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was predominantly due to the provision for the 1st Constitution's acquired non-purchased credit deteriorated loans. Charge-offs in the three months ended March 31, 2022 include $7.6 million in charge-offs on 1st Constitution's acquired PCD loans.
The following tables detail activity in the allowance for credit losses on loans by portfolio segment for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(in thousands) | | Balance at December 31, 2022 | | | | Charge-offs | | Recoveries | | | | Provision (Benefit) for Credit Loss | | Balance at March 31, 2023 |
Non-owner occupied commercial | | $ | 23,462 | | | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | | | $ | 819 | | | $ | 24,281 | |
Owner occupied commercial | | 6,696 | | | | | — | | | — | | | | | (638) | | | 6,058 | |
Multifamily | | 9,425 | | | | | — | | | — | | | | | (415) | | | 9,010 | |
Non-owner occupied residential | | 2,643 | | | | | — | | | — | | | | | (50) | | | 2,593 | |
Commercial, industrial and other | | 8,836 | | | | | — | | | 35 | | | | | (760) | | | 8,111 | |
Construction | | 2,968 | | | | | — | | | — | | | | | 137 | | | 3,105 | |
Equipment finance | | 3,445 | | | | | (61) | | | 15 | | | | | 1,049 | | | 4,448 | |
Residential mortgage | | 8,041 | | | | | — | | | — | | | | | 903 | | | 8,944 | |
Consumer | | 4,748 | | | | | (78) | | | 15 | | | | | 168 | | | 4,853 | |
Total | | $ | 70,264 | | | | | $ | (139) | | | $ | 65 | | | | | $ | 1,213 | | | $ | 71,403 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(in thousands) | | Balance at December 31, 2021 | | Initial allowance for credit losses on PCD loans | | Charge-offs | | Recoveries | | | | (Benefit) Provision for Credit Loss | | Balance at March 31, 2022 |
Non owner occupied commercial | | $ | 20,071 | | | $ | 1,312 | | | $ | (4) | | | $ | — | | | | | $ | 2,270 | | | $ | 23,649 | |
Owner occupied commercial | | 3,964 | | | 1,137 | | | (34) | | | 10 | | | | | 1,048 | | | 6,125 | |
Multifamily | | 8,309 | | | 4 | | | — | | | — | | | | | (13) | | | 8,300 | |
Non owner occupied residential | | 2,380 | | | 175 | | | — | | | 14 | | | | | 339 | | | 2,908 | |
Commercial, industrial and other | | 9,891 | | | 2,413 | | | (823) | | | 45 | | | | | 148 | | | 11,674 | |
Construction | | 838 | | | 6,843 | | | (6,807) | | | 3 | | | | | 850 | | | 1,727 | |
Equipment finance | | 3,663 | | | — | | | (97) | | | 15 | | | | | (1,122) | | | 2,459 | |
Residential mortgage | | 3,914 | | | 179 | | | — | | | 48 | | | | | 1,545 | | | 5,686 | |
Consumer | | 5,017 | | | 14 | | | (39) | | | 27 | | | | | (435) | | | 4,584 | |
Total | | $ | 58,047 | | | $ | 12,077 | | | $ | (7,804) | | | $ | 162 | | | | | $ | 4,630 | | | $ | 67,112 | |
The following tables present the recorded investment in loans by portfolio segment and the related allowance for credit losses at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
March 31, 2023 | | Loans | | Allowance for Credit Losses |
(in thousands) | | Individually evaluated for impairment | | Collectively evaluated for impairment | | Acquired with deteriorated credit quality | | Total | | Individually evaluated for impairment | | Collectively evaluated for impairment | | Total |
Non-owner occupied commercial | | $ | — | | | $ | 2,910,091 | | | $ | 33,806 | | | $ | 2,943,897 | | | $ | 749 | | | $ | 23,532 | | | $ | 24,281 | |
Owner occupied commercial | | 8,297 | | | 1,167,784 | | | 29,554 | | | 1,205,635 | | | 811 | | | 5,247 | | | 6,058 | |
Multifamily | | — | | | 1,269,415 | | | 6,356 | | | 1,275,771 | | | 5 | | | 9,005 | | | 9,010 | |
Non-owner occupied residential | | 523 | | | 208,629 | | | 1,051 | | | 210,203 | | | 15 | | | 2,578 | | | 2,593 | |
Commercial, industrial and other | | 2,027 | | | 551,333 | | | 9,317 | | | 562,677 | | | 1,669 | | | 6,442 | | | 8,111 | |
Construction | | 980 | | | 404,014 | | | — | | | 404,994 | | | — | | | 3,105 | | | 3,105 | |
Equipment finance | | — | | | 161,889 | | | — | | | 161,889 | | | — | | | 4,448 | | | 4,448 | |
Residential mortgage | | — | | | 856,218 | | | 1,209 | | | 857,427 | | | 159 | | | 8,785 | | | 8,944 | |
Consumer | | — | | | 329,912 | | | 148 | | | 330,060 | | | — | | | 4,853 | | | 4,853 | |
Total loans | | $ | 11,827 | | | $ | 7,859,285 | | | $ | 81,441 | | | $ | 7,952,553 | | | $ | 3,408 | | | $ | 67,995 | | | $ | 71,403 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
December 31, 2022 | | Loans | | Allowance for Credit Losses |
(in thousands) | | Individually evaluated for impairment | | Collectively evaluated for impairment | | Acquired with deteriorated credit quality | | Total | | Individually evaluated for impairment | | Collectively evaluated for impairment | | Total |
Non-owner occupied commercial | | $ | — | | | $ | 2,871,950 | | | $ | 34,064 | | | 2,906,014 | | | $ | 753 | | | $ | 22,709 | | | $ | 23,462 | |
Owner occupied commercial | | 12,041 | | | 1,202,919 | | | 31,229 | | | 1,246,189 | | | 983 | | | 5,713 | | | 6,696 | |
Multifamily | | — | | | 1,254,412 | | | 6,402 | | | 1,260,814 | | | 5 | | | 9,420 | | | 9,425 | |
Non-owner occupied residential | | 441 | | | 216,516 | | | 1,069 | | | 218,026 | | | 16 | | | 2,627 | | | 2,643 | |
Commercial, industrial and other | | 2,806 | | | 594,568 | | | 9,337 | | | 606,711 | | | 2,150 | | | 6,686 | | | 8,836 | |
Construction | | 980 | | | 379,120 | | | — | | | 380,100 | | | — | | | 2,968 | | | 2,968 | |
Equipment finance | | — | | | 151,574 | | | — | | | 151,574 | | | — | | | 3,445 | | | 3,445 | |
Residential mortgage | | — | | | 764,340 | | | 1,212 | | | 765,552 | | | 181 | | | 7,860 | | | 8,041 | |
Consumer | | — | | | 330,920 | | | 150 | | | 331,070 | | | 3 | | | 4,745 | | | 4,748 | |
Total loans | | $ | 16,268 | | | $ | 7,766,319 | | | $ | 83,463 | | | $ | 7,866,050 | | | $ | 4,091 | | | $ | 66,173 | | | $ | 70,264 | |
Allowance for Credit Losses - Securities
At March 31, 2023, the balance of the allowance for credit loss on available for sale and held to maturity securities was $160,000 and $157,000, respectively. At December 31, 2022, the Company reported an allowance for credit losses on available for sale securities of $310,000 and an allowance for credit losses on held to maturity securities of $107,000.
The allowance for credit losses on securities is summarized in the following tables:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Available for Sale | | For the Three Months Ended March 31, | | |
(in thousands) | | 2023 | | 2022 | | | | |
Balance at beginning of the period | | $ | 310 | | | $ | 83 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Charge-offs | | $ | (6,640) | | | $ | — | | | | | |
Recoveries | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | | | |
Net charge-offs | | $ | (6,640) | | | $ | — | | | | | |
Provision for credit loss expense | | 6,490 | | | 1,184 | | | | | |
Balance at end of the period | | $ | 160 | | | $ | 1,267 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Held to Maturity | | For the Three Months Ended March 31, | | |
(in thousands) | | 2023 | | 2022 | | | | |
Balance at beginning of the period | | $ | 107 | | | $ | 181 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Provision for credit loss expense | | 50 | | | 18 | | | | | |
Balance at end of the period | | $ | 157 | | | $ | 199 | | | | | |
The provision for credit loss expense for available for sale securities increased from $1.2 million in the first quarter of 2022 to $6.5 million in the first quarter of 2023 as a result of a $6.6 million provision and subsequent charge-off of subordinated debt securities of Signature Bank which failed in March 2023.
Accrued interest receivable on securities is reported as a component of accrued interest receivable on the consolidated balance sheets and totaled $9.1 million at March 31, 2023 and $8.7 million at December 31, 2022. The Company made the election to exclude accrued interest receivable from the estimate of credit losses on securities.
Allowance for Credit Losses - Off-Balance-Sheet Exposures
The allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet exposures is reported in other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The liability represents an estimate of expected credit losses arising from off-balance sheet exposures such as letters of credit, guarantees and unfunded loan commitments. The process for measuring lifetime expected credit losses on these exposures is consistent with that for loans as discussed above, but is subject to an additional estimate reflecting the likelihood that funding will occur. No liability is recognized for off balance sheet credit exposures that are unconditionally cancellable by the Company. Adjustments to the liability are reported as a component of the provision for credit losses.
At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the balance of the allowance for credit losses for off-balance sheet exposures was $3.1 million and $3.0 million, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company recorded a provision for credit losses on off-balance-sheet exposures of $140,000 and $440,000, respectively.
Note 7 – Leases
The Company leases certain premises and equipment under operating leases. Portions of certain properties are subleased for terms extending through 2046. At March 31, 2023, the Company had lease liabilities totaling $20.6 million and right-of-use assets totaling $19.3 million related to these leases. At December 31, 2022, the Company had lease liabilities totaling $21.4 million and right-of-use assets totaling $20.1 million. The calculated amount of the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are impacted by the length of the lease term and the discount rate used to calculate the present value of the minimum lease payments. The Company's lease agreements often include one or more options to renew at the Company's discretion. If at lease inception, the Company considers the exercising of a renewal option to be reasonably certain, the Company will include the extended term in the calculation of the right-of-use asset and lease liability. The Company uses its incremental borrowing rate at lease inception, on a collateralized basis, over a similar term.
At March 31, 2023, the weighted average remaining lease term for operating leases was 8.16 years and the weighted average discount rate used in the measurement of operating lease liabilities was 3.15%. At December 31, 2022, the weighted average remaining lease term for operating leases was 8.23 years and the weighted average discount rate used in the measurement of operating lease liabilities was 3.13%.
As the Company elected not to separate lease and non-lease components and instead to account for them as a single lease component, the variable lease cost primarily represents variable payments such as common area maintenance and utilities. Lease costs were as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
(in thousands) | | | | | | 2023 | | 2022 |
Operating lease cost | | | | | | $ | 1,190 | | | $ | 1,226 | |
Short-term lease cost | | | | | | — | | | 10 | |
Variable lease cost | | | | | | 15 | | | 17 | |
Sublease income | | | | | | (32) | | | (30) | |
Net lease cost | | | | | | $ | 1,173 | | | $ | 1,223 | |
The table below presents other information on the Company's operating leases for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three Months Ended March 31, |
(in thousands) | 2023 | | 2022 |
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: | | | |
Operating cash flows from operating leases | $ | 1,113 | | | $ | 930 | |
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities | 309 | | | 89 | |
There were no sale and leaseback transactions, leveraged leases or lease transactions with related parties during the three months ended March 31, 2023 or March 31, 2022. At March 31, 2023, the Company had no leases that had not yet commenced.
A maturity analysis of operating lease liabilities and a reconciliation of the undiscounted cash flows to the total operating lease liability at March 31, 2023 are as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
(in thousands) | | |
Within one year | | $ | 3,649 | |
After one year but within three years | | 7,914 | |
After three years but within five years | | 4,926 | |
After five years | | 7,249 | |
Total undiscounted cash flows | | 23,738 | |
Discount on cash flows | | (3,094) | |
Total operating lease liabilities | | $ | 20,644 | |
Note 8 - Deposits
The following table sets forth the details of total deposits:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(dollars in thousands) | | March 31, 2023 | | December 31, 2022 |
| | | | | | | | |
Noninterest-bearing demand | | $ | 1,998,590 | | | 23.4 | % | | $ | 2,113,289 | | | 24.7 | % |
Interest-bearing checking | | 2,938,992 | | | 34.4 | % | | 3,079,249 | | | 35.9 | % |
Money market | | 1,093,983 | | | 12.8 | % | | 1,192,353 | | | 13.9 | % |
Savings | | 885,066 | | | 10.4 | % | | 974,403 | | | 11.4 | % |
Certificates of deposit $250 thousand and under | | 1,233,856 | | | 14.5 | % | | 901,505 | | | 10.5 | % |
Certificates of deposit over $250 thousand | | 386,456 | | | 4.5 | % | | 306,672 | | | 3.6 | % |
Total deposits | | $ | 8,536,943 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 8,567,471 | | | 100.0 | % |
At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, certificates of deposit obtained through brokers totaled $175.0 million and $33.1 million, respectively. Brokered deposits are included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as certificates of deposit $250,000 and under.
Note 9 – Borrowings
Overnight and Short-Term Borrowings
At March 31, 2023, the Company had $775.0 million overnight and short-term borrowings from the FHLB and $700.0 million at December 31, 2022. In addition, Lakeland had $10.0 million overnight and short-term borrowings from correspondent banks at March 31, 2023 and and no overnight and short-term borrowings at December 31, 2022. At March 31, 2023, Lakeland had overnight and short-term federal funds lines available to borrow up to $240.0 million from correspondent banks. Lakeland may also borrow from the discount window or under the Bank Term Funding Program ("BTFP") of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York based on the fair value of collateral pledged. Lakeland had no borrowings with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York as of March 31, 2023 or December 31, 2022.
Also included in the balances at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were short-term securities sold under agreements to repurchase of $28.3 million and $28.8 million, respectively. The securities sold under agreements to repurchase are overnight sweep arrangement accounts with our customers. As of March 31, 2023, the Company had $22.9 million of mortgage-backed securities and $16.0 million of collateralized mortgage obligations pledged for its securities sold under agreements to repurchase.
At times, the fair values of securities collateralizing our securities sold under agreements to repurchase may decline due to changes in interest rates and may necessitate our lenders to issue a “margin call” which requires Lakeland to pledge additional collateral to meet that margin call.
FHLB Advances
The Company had one advance from the FHLB, which totaled $25.0 million at both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, with a weighted average interest rate of 0.77% and a maturity date in 2025. The advance was collateralized by first mortgage loans and has prepayment penalties.
Note 10 – Share-Based Compensation
The Company's 2018 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the "Plan") authorizes the granting of incentive stock options, supplemental stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units (“RSUs”), other stock-based awards and cash-based awards to officers, employees and non-employee directors of, and consultants and advisors to, the Company and its subsidiaries.
Restricted Stock
The following is a summary of the Company’s restricted stock activity during the three months ended March 31, 2023:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Number of Shares | | Weighted Average Price |
Outstanding, January 1, 2023 | 17,722 | | | $ | 19.74 | |
Granted | 18,520 | | | 17.95 | |
Vested | (17,722) | | | 19.74 | |
| | | |
Outstanding, March 31, 2023 | 18,520 | | | $ | 17.95 | |
In the first three months of 2023, the Company granted 18,520 shares of restricted stock to non-employee directors at a grant date fair value of $17.95 per share under the Plan. The restricted stock vests one year from the date it was granted. Compensation expense on this restricted stock is expected to be $332,000 over a one year period. In the first three months of 2022, the Company granted 17,722 shares of restricted stock to non-employee directors at a grant date fair value of $19.74 per share. The restricted stock vested one year from the date it was granted with a compensation expense of $350,000 over such period.
The Company recognized share-based compensation expense on its restricted stock of $83,000 and $87,000 for the first quarter of 2023 and 2022, respectively. As of March 31, 2023, there was unrecognized compensation cost of $249,000 related to unvested restricted stock that is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 0.8 years.
Restricted Stock Units
The following is a summary of the Company’s RSU activity during the three months ended March 31, 2023:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Number of Shares | | Weighted Average Price |
Outstanding, January 1, 2023 | 589,420 | | | $ | 17.21 | |
Granted | 269,070 | | | 19.15 | |
Vested | (219,695) | | | 16.27 | |
Forfeited | (1,932) | | | 18.56 | |
Outstanding, March 31, 2023 | 636,863 | | | $ | 18.35 | |
In the first three months of 2023, the Company granted 269,070 RSUs under the Plan at a weighted average grant date fair value of $19.15 per share. These units vest within a range of 2 to 3 years. A portion of these RSUs will vest subject to certain performance conditions in the applicable RSU agreement. There are also certain provisions in the compensation program which state that if a recipient of the RSUs reaches a certain age and years of service, the person has effectively earned a portion of the RSUs at that time. Compensation expense on these RSUs is expected to average approximately $1.7 million per year over a three-year period. In the first three months of 2022, the Company granted 298,554 RSUs under the Plan at a weighted average grant date fair value of $18.07 per share. Compensation expense on these RSUs is expected to average approximately $1.8 million per year over a three-year period.
For the first quarter of 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized share-based compensation expense on RSUs of $1.6 million and $1.4 million. Unrecognized compensation expense related to RSUs was approximately $8.6 million as of March 31, 2023, and that cost is expected to be recognized over a period of 1.73 years.
Stock Options
At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were no stock options outstanding under the Plan. There were no stock option grants in the first three months of 2023 or 2022. There were no stock options exercised during the first three months of 2023 or 2022.
Note 11 – Revenue Recognition
The Company’s primary source of revenue is interest income generated from loans and investment securities. Interest income is recognized according to the terms of the financial instrument agreement over the life of the loan or investment security unless it is determined that the counterparty is unable to continue making interest payments. Interest income also includes prepaid interest fees from commercial customers, which approximates the interest foregone on the balance of the loan prepaid.
The Company’s additional source of income, also referred to as noninterest income, is generated from deposit related fees, interchange fees, loan fees, merchant fees, loan sales, investment services and other miscellaneous income and is largely based on contracts with customers. In these cases, the Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control over a product or service to a customer. The Company considers a customer to be any party to which the Company will provide goods or services that are an output of the Company’s ordinary activities in exchange for consideration. There is little seasonality with regards to revenue from contracts with customers and all inter-company revenue is eliminated when the Company’s financial statements are consolidated.
Generally, the Company enters into contracts with customers that are short-term in nature where the performance obligations are fulfilled and payment is processed at the same time. Such examples include revenue related to merchant fees, interchange fees and investment services income. In addition, revenue generated from existing customer relationships such as deposit accounts are also considered short-term in nature, because the relationship may be terminated at any time and payment is processed at the time performance obligations are fulfilled. As a result, the Company does not have contract assets, contract liabilities or related receivable accounts for contracts with customers. In cases where collectability is a concern, the Company does not record revenue.
Generally, the pricing of transactions between the Company and each customer is either (i) established within a legally enforceable contract between the two parties, as is the case with loan sales, or (ii) disclosed to the customer at a specific point in time, as is the case when a deposit account is opened or before a new loan is underwritten. Fees are usually fixed at a specific amount or as a percentage of a transaction amount. No judgment or estimates by management are required to record revenue related to these transactions and pricing is clearly identified within these contracts.
The Company primarily operates in one geographic region, Northern and Central New Jersey and contiguous areas. Therefore, all significant operating decisions are based upon analysis of the Company as one operating segment or unit.
We disaggregate our revenue from contracts with customers by contract-type and timing of revenue recognition, as we believe it best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of our revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. Noninterest income not generated from customers during the Company’s ordinary activities primarily relates to income from bank owned life insurance, gains/losses on the sale of investment securities, gains/losses on the sale of other real estate owned, gains/losses on the sale of property, plant and equipment and mortgage servicing rights.
The following table sets forth the components of noninterest income for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
(in thousands) | | | | | | 2023 | | 2022 |
| | | | | | | | |
Deposit-Related Fees and Charges | | | | | | | | |
Debit card interchange income | | | | | | $ | 1,610 | | | $ | 1,572 | |
Overdraft charges | | | | | | 840 | | | 769 | |
ATM service charges | | | | | | 178 | | | 171 | |
Demand deposit fees and charges | | | | | | 139 | | | 94 | |
Savings service charges | | | | | | 22 | | | 20 | |
Total deposit-related fees and charges | | | | | | 2,789 | | | 2,626 | |
Commissions and fees | | | | | | | | |
Loan fees | | | | | | 547 | | | 809 | |
Wire transfer charges | | | | | | 432 | | | 457 | |
Investment services income | | | | | | 429 | | | 405 | |
Merchant fees | | | | | | 291 | | | 251 | |
Commissions from sales of checks | | | | | | 88 | | | 84 | |
Safe deposit income | | | | | | 103 | | | 54 | |
Other income | | | | | | 31 | | | 37 | |
Total commissions and fees | | | | | | 1,921 | | | 2,097 | |
Gains on sales of loans held for sale | | | | | | 430 | | | 1,426 | |
Other income | | | | | | | | |
Gains on customer swap transactions | | | | | | 56 | | | — | |
Title insurance income | | | | | | 19 | | | — | |
Other income | | | | | | 133 | | | 269 | |
Total other income | | | | | | 208 | | | 269 | |
Revenue not from contracts with customers | | | | | | 917 | | | 362 | |
Total Noninterest Income | | | | | | $ | 6,265 | | | $ | 6,780 | |
Timing of Revenue Recognition: | | | | | | | | |
Products and services transferred at a point in time | | | | | | 5,348 | | | 6,418 | |
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Revenue not from contracts with customers | | | | | | 917 | | | 362 | |
Total Noninterest Income | | | | | | $ | 6,265 | | | $ | 6,780 | |
Note 12 - Other Operating Expenses
The following table presents the major components of other operating expenses for the periods indicated:
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| | | | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
(in thousands) | | | | | | 2023 | | 2022 |
Consulting and advisory board fees | | | | | | 1,001 | | | 1,054 | |
ATM and debit card expense | | | | | | 724 | | | 657 | |
Telecommunications expense | | | | | | 657 | | | 582 | |
Marketing expense | | | | | | 511 | | | 397 | |
Intangible asset amortization | | | | | | 516 | | | 596 | |
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Other operating expenses | | | | | | 4,103 | | | 4,095 | |
Total other operating expenses | | | | | | $ | 7,512 | | | $ | 7,381 | |
Note 13 – Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The components of other comprehensive income (loss) are as follows: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| For the Three Months Ended |
| March 31, 2023 | | March 31, 2022 |
(in thousands) | Before Tax Amount | | Tax Benefit (Expense) | | Net of Tax Amount | | Before Tax Amount | | Tax Benefit | | Net of Tax Amount |
Unrealized gains (losses) on available for sale securities arising during the period | $ | 10,298 | | | $ | (2,716) | | | $ | 7,582 | | | $ | (41,964) | | | $ | 10,999 | | | $ | (30,965) | |
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Amortization of gain on debt securities reclassified to held to maturity from available for sale | (172) | | | 46 | | | (126) | | | (176) | | | 41 | | | (135) | |
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Other comprehensive income (loss), net | $ | 10,126 | | | $ | (2,670) | | | $ | 7,456 | | | $ | (42,140) | | | $ | 11,040 | | | $ | (31,100) | |
The following tables show the changes in the balances of each of the components of other comprehensive income (loss) for the periods presented, net of tax:
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| | For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 |
(in thousands) | | Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Available for Sale Securities | | Amortization of Gain on Debt Securities Reclassified to Held to Maturity | | | | | | Total |
Beginning balance | | $ | (76,729) | | | $ | 1,968 | | | | | | | $ | (74,761) | |
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Net current period other comprehensive income | | 7,582 | | | (126) | | | | | | | 7,456 | |
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Ending balance | | $ | (69,147) | | | $ | 1,842 | | | | | | | $ | (67,305) | |
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| | For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 |
(in thousands) | | Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Available for Sale Securities | | Amortization of Gain on Debt Securities Reclassified to Held to Maturity | | | | | | Total |
Beginning balance | | $ | 745 | | | $ | 2,519 | | | | | | | $ | 3,264 | |
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Net current period other comprehensive loss | | (30,965) | | | (135) | | | | | | | (31,100) | |
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Ending balance | | $ | (30,220) | | | $ | 2,384 | | | | | | | $ | (27,836) | |
Note 14 – Derivatives
Lakeland is a party to interest rate derivatives that are not designated as hedging instruments. Lakeland executes interest rate swaps with commercial lending customers to facilitate their respective risk management strategies. These interest rate swaps with customers are simultaneously offset by interest rate swaps that Lakeland executes with a third-party financial institution, such that Lakeland minimizes its net risk exposure resulting from such transactions. Because the interest rate swaps do not meet the strict hedge accounting requirements, changes in the fair value of both the customer swaps and the offsetting swaps are recognized directly in earnings. The changes in the fair value of the swaps offset each other, except for the credit risk of the counterparties, which is determined by taking into consideration the risk rating, probability of default and loss given default for all counterparties. Lakeland had no investment securities available for sale pledged for collateral on its interest rate swaps with financial institutions at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
The following table presents summary information regarding these derivatives for the periods presented (dollars in thousands):
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March 31, 2023 | | Notional Amount | | Average Maturity (Years) | | Weighted Average Fixed Rate | | Weighted Average Variable Rate | | Fair Value |
Classified in Other Assets: | | | | | | | | | | |
Third Party interest rate swaps | | $ | 887,187 | | | 7.3 | | 3.66 | % | | 1 Mo. SOFR + 2.00 | | $ | 77,078 | |
Third Party interest rate swaps | | 48,237 | | | 1.2 | | 3.40 | % | | 1 Mo. LIBOR + 2.52 | | 1,335 | |
Customer interest rate swaps | | 78,914 | | | 8.1 | | 5.41 | % | | 1 Mo. SOFR + 1.88 | | 2,312 | |
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Classified in Other Liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | |
Customer interest rate swaps | | $ | 887,187 | | | 7.3 | | 3.66 | % | | 1 Mo. SOFR + 2.00 | | $ | (77,078) | |
Customer interest rate swaps | | 48,237 | | | 1.2 | | 3.40 | % | | 1 Mo. LIBOR + 2.52 | | (1,335) | |
Third Party interest rate swaps | | 78,914 | | | 8.1 | | 5.41 | % | | 1 Mo. SOFR + 1.88 | | (2,312) | |
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December 31, 2022 | | Notional Amount | | Average Maturity (Years) | | Weighted Average Fixed Rate | | Weighted Average Variable Rate | | Fair Value |
Classified in Other Assets: | | | | | | | | | | |
Third Party interest rate swaps | | $ | 918,758 | | | 7.5 | | 3.70 | % | | 1 Mo. SOFR + 2.00 | | $ | 94,800 | |
Third Party interest rate swaps | | 48,497 | | | 1.5 | | 3.40 | % | | 1 Mo. LIBOR + 2.52 | | 1,841 | |
Customer interest rate swaps | | 51,864 | | | 8.5 | | 5.60 | % | | 1 Mo. SOFR + 1.95 | | 1,207 | |
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Classified in Other Liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | |
Customer interest rate swaps | | $ | 918,758 | | | 7.5 | | 3.70 | % | | 1 Mo. SOFR + 2.00 | | (94,800) | |
Customer interest rate swaps | | 48,497 | | | 1.5 | | 3.40 | % | | 1 Mo. LIBOR + 2.52 | | (1,841) | |
Third party interest rate swaps | | 51,864 | | | 8.5 | | 5.60 | % | | 1 Mo. SOFR + 1.95 | | (1,207) | |
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Note 15 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
The Company had goodwill of $271.8 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The Company recorded $115.6 million in goodwill from the 1st Constitution merger in January 2022 as further described in Note 2 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The Company reviews its goodwill and intangible assets annually, on November 30, or more frequently if conditions warrant, for impairment. In testing goodwill for impairment, the Company compares the estimated fair value of its reporting unit to its carrying amount, including goodwill. The Company has determined that it has one reporting unit. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, there were no triggering events that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of our one reporting unit below its carrying amount. There was no impairment of goodwill recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.
The Company had core deposit intangibles of $8.6 million and $9.1 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The Company recorded core deposit intangible of $9.0 million in connection with the 1st Constitution acquisition. Amortization of core deposit intangible totaled $516,000 and $596,000 for the first quarters of 2023 and 2022, respectively. The estimated future amortization expense for the remainder of 2023 and for each of the succeeding five years ended December 31 is as follows (in thousands):
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For the Year Ended | |
2023 | $ | 1,513 | |
2024 | 1,737 | |
2025 | 1,465 | |
2026 | 1,193 | |
2027 | 955 | |
2028 | 724 | |
Note 16 – Fair Value Measurement and Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fair Value Measurement
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for an asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. U.S. GAAP establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels giving the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (level 1 measurements) and the lowest level priority to unobservable inputs (level 3 measurements). The following describes the three levels of fair value hierarchy:
Level 1 – unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; includes U.S. Treasury Notes, and other U.S. Government Agency securities that actively trade in over-the-counter markets; equity securities and mutual funds that actively trade in over-the-counter markets.
Level 2 – quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; or quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; or inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability including yield curves, volatilities and prepayment speeds.
Level 3 – unobservable inputs for the asset or liability that reflect the Company’s own assumptions about assumptions that market participants would use in the pricing of the asset or liability and that are consequently not based on market activity but upon particular valuation techniques.
The Company’s assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis are its investment securities available for sale, equity securities and its interest rate swaps. The Company obtains fair values on its securities using information from a third-party servicer. If quoted prices for securities are available in an active market, those securities are classified as Level 1 securities. The Company has U.S. Treasury Notes that are classified as Level 1 securities. Level 2 securities were primarily comprised of U.S. Agency bonds, residential mortgage-backed securities, obligations of state and political subdivisions and corporate securities. Fair values were estimated primarily by obtaining quoted prices for similar assets in active markets or through the use of pricing models supported with market data information. Standard inputs include benchmark yields, reported trades, broker-dealer quotes, issuer spreads, bids and offers. On a quarterly basis, the Company reviews the pricing information received from the Company’s third-party pricing service. This review includes a comparison to non-binding third-party quotes.
The fair values of derivatives are based on valuation models from a third party using current market terms (including interest rates and fees), the remaining terms of the agreements and the credit worthiness of the counter party as of the measurement date (Level 2).
Recurring Fair Value Measurements
The following table sets forth the Company’s financial assets that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of the periods presented by level within the fair value hierarchy. During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and during 2022, the Company did not make any transfers between any levels within the fair value hierarchy. Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement:
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March 31, 2023 | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | | Total Fair Value |
(in thousands) | | | | | | | |
Assets: | | | | | | | |
Investment securities, available for sale | | | | | | | |
U.S. Treasury and government agencies | $ | 155,661 | | | $ | 192,758 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 348,419 | |
Mortgage-backed securities, residential | — | | | 308,183 | | | — | | | 308,183 | |
Collateralized mortgage obligations, residential | — | | | 151,718 | | | — | | | 151,718 | |
Mortgage-backed securities, multifamily | — | | | 788 | | | — | | | 788 | |
Collateralized mortgage obligations, multifamily | — | | | 46,422 | | | — | | | 46,422 | |
Asset-backed securities | — | | | 49,249 | | | — | | | 49,249 | |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | — | | | 21,290 | | | — | | | 21,290 | |
Corporate bonds | — | | | 103,058 | | | — | | | 103,058 | |
Total investment securities, available for sale | 155,661 | | | 873,466 | | | — | | | 1,029,127 | |
Equity securities | — | | | 17,496 | | | — | | | 17,496 | |
Derivative assets | — | | | 80,725 | | | — | | | 80,725 | |
Total Assets | $ | 155,661 | | | $ | 971,687 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 1,127,348 | |
Liabilities: | | | | | | | |
Derivative liabilities | $ | — | | | $ | 80,725 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 80,725 | |
Total Liabilities | $ | — | | | $ | 80,725 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 80,725 | |
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December 31, 2022 | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | | Total Fair Value |
(in thousands) | | | | | | | |
Assets: | | | | | | | |
Investment securities, available for sale | | | | | | | |
U.S. Treasury and government agencies | $ | 162,438 | | | $ | 193,201 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 355,639 | |
Mortgage-backed securities, residential | — | | | 310,613 | | | — | | | 310,613 | |
Collateralized mortgage obligations, residential | — | | | 154,058 | | | — | | | 154,058 | |
Mortgage-backed securities, multifamily | — | | | 785 | | | — | | | 785 | |
Collateralized mortgage obligations, multifamily | — | | | 46,333 | | | — | | | 46,333 | |
Asset-backed securities | — | | | 52,395 | | | — | | | 52,395 | |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | — | | | 21,122 | | | — | | | 21,122 | |
Corporate bonds | — | | | 113,367 | | | — | | | 113,367 | |
Total investment securities, available for sale | 162,438 | | | 891,874 | | | — | | | 1,054,312 | |
Equity securities | — | | | 17,283 | | | — | | | 17,283 | |
Derivative assets | — | | | 97,848 | | | — | | | 97,848 | |
Total Assets | $ | 162,438 | | | $ | 1,007,005 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 1,169,443 | |
Liabilities: | | | | | | | |
Derivative liabilities | $ | — | | | $ | 97,848 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 97,848 | |
Total Liabilities | $ | — | | | $ | 97,848 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 97,848 | |
Non-Recurring Fair Value Measurements
The Company has a held for sale loan portfolio that consists of residential mortgages that are being sold in the secondary market. The Company records these mortgages at the lower of cost or fair value. Fair value is generally determined by the value of purchase commitments.
Loans that do not have similar risk characteristics to the segments reported must be individually evaluated to determine an appropriate allowance. Management has identified criteria and procedures for identifying whether a loan should be individually evaluated for calculation of expected credit losses. If a loan is identified as meeting any of the criteria, it is deemed to have risk characteristics that are unique and will be separated from a pool. Those loans that are considered to have unique risk characteristics are then subjected to an individual allowance evaluation using either the fair value of the collateral, less estimated costs to sell, if collateral-dependent or the discounted cash flow method.
Other real estate owned (OREO) and other repossessed assets, representing property acquired through foreclosure or deed in lieu of foreclosure, are carried at fair value less estimated disposal costs of the acquired property. Fair value on other real estate owned is based on the appraised value of the collateral using discount rates or capitalization rates similar to those used in impaired loan valuation. The fair value of other repossessed assets is estimated by inquiry through a recognized valuation resource. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had no OREO or other repossessed assets.
Changes in the assumptions or methodologies used to estimate fair values may materially affect the estimated amounts. Changes in economic conditions, locally or nationally, could impact the value of the estimated amounts of individually evaluated loans, OREO and other repossessed assets.
The following table summarized the Company’s financial assets that are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis. Assets are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement:
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(in thousands) | (Level 1) | | (Level 2) | | (Level 3) | | Total Fair Value |
March 31, 2023 | | | | | | | |
Assets: | | | | | | | |
Individually evaluated loans | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 2,484 | | | $ | 2,484 | |
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December 31, 2022 | | | | | | | |
Assets: | | | | | | | |
Individually evaluated loans | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 4,489 | | | $ | 4,489 | |
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Fair Value of Certain Financial Instruments
Estimated fair values have been determined by the Company using the best available data and an estimation methodology suitable for each category of financial instruments. Management is concerned that there may not be reasonable comparability between institutions due to the wide range of permitted assumptions and methodologies in the absence of active markets. This lack of uniformity gives rise to a high degree of subjectivity in estimating financial instrument fair values.
The estimation methodologies used, the estimated fair values and recorded book balances at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, are outlined below.
This summary, as well as the table below, excludes financial assets and liabilities for which carrying value approximates fair value. For financial assets, these include cash and cash equivalents. For financial liabilities, these include noninterest-bearing demand deposits, savings and interest-bearing transaction accounts and federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase. The estimated fair value of demand, savings and interest-bearing transaction accounts is the amount payable on demand at the reporting date. Carrying value is used because there is no stated maturity on these accounts, and the customer has the ability to withdraw the funds immediately. Also excluded from this summary and the following table are those financial instruments recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, as previously described.
The fair value of investment securities held to maturity is measured using information from the same third-party servicer used for investment securities available for sale using the same methodologies discussed above.
FHLB stock is an equity interest that can be sold to the issuing FHLB, to other FHLBs, or to other member banks at its par value. Because ownership of these securities is restricted, they do not have a readily determinable fair value. As such, the Company’s FHLB stock is recorded at cost or par value and is evaluated for impairment each reporting period by considering the ultimate recoverability of the investment rather than temporary declines in value. The Company’s evaluation primarily includes an evaluation of liquidity, capitalization, operating performance, commitments, and regulatory or legislative events.
The net loan portfolio has been valued using an exit price approach, which incorporates a buildup discount rate calculation that uses a swap rate adjusted for credit risk, servicing costs, a liquidity premium and a prepayment premium.
For fixed maturity certificates of deposit, fair value is estimated based on the present value of discounted cash flows using the rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities. The carrying amount of accrued interest payable approximates its fair value.
The fair value of long-term debt is based upon the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The Company estimates the discount rate using the rates currently offered for similar borrowing arrangements. The fair value of subordinated debentures is based on bid/ask prices from brokers for similar types of instruments.
The fair values of commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit are estimated using the fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and the present creditworthiness of the counterparties. For fixed-rate loan commitments, fair value also considers the difference between current levels of interest rates and the committed rates. The fair value of guarantees and letters of credit is based on fees currently charged for similar agreements or on the estimated cost to terminate them or otherwise settle the obligations with the counterparties at the reporting date. The fair value of commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit are deemed immaterial.
The following table presents the carrying values, fair values and placement in the fair value hierarchy of the Company’s financial instruments not carried at fair value as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
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March 31, 2023 | Carrying Value | | Fair Value | | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |
(in thousands) | | | | | | | | | |
Financial Assets: | | | | | | | | | |
Investment securities, held to maturity | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. government agencies | $ | 10,968 | | | $ | 10,356 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 10,356 | | | $ | — | |
Mortgage-backed securities, residential | 354,514 | | | 301,794 | | | — | | | 301,794 | | | — | |
Collateralized mortgage obligations, residential | 12,813 | | | 10,488 | | | — | | | 10,488 | | | — | |
Mortgage-backed securities, multifamily | 5,071 | | | 4,406 | | | — | | | 4,406 | | | — | |
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Obligations of states and political subdivisions | 516,244 | | | 433,206 | | | — | | | 433,206 | | | — | |
Corporate bonds | 2,888 | | | 2,470 | | | — | | | 2,470 | | | — | |
Total investment securities, held to maturity | $ | 902,498 | | | $ | 762,720 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 762,720 | | | $ | — | |
Federal Home Loan Bank and other membership bank stocks | 45,806 | | | 45,806 | | | — | | | 45,806 | | | — | |
Loans, net | 7,881,150 | | | 7,544,311 | | | — | | | — | | | 7,544,311 | |
Financial Liabilities: | | | | | | | | | |
Certificates of deposit | 1,620,312 | | | 1,593,446 | | | — | | | 1,593,446 | | | — | |
Other borrowings | 25,000 | | | 23,291 | | | — | | | 23,291 | | | — | |
Subordinated debentures | 194,376 | | | 147,970 | | | — | | | — | | | 147,970 | |
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December 31, 2021 | Carrying Value | | Fair Value | | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |
(in thousands) | | | | | | | | | |
Financial Assets: | | | | | | | | | |
Investment securities, held to maturity | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. government agencies | $ | 11,099 | | | $ | 10,385 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 10,385 | | | $ | — | |
Mortgage-backed securities, residential | 360,683 | | | 302,612 | | | — | | | 302,612 | | | — | |
Collateralized mortgage obligations, residential | 13,026 | | | 10,456 | | | — | | | 10,456 | | | — | |
Mortgage-backed securities, multifamily | 5,094 | | | 4,347 | | | — | | | 4,347 | | | — | |
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Obligations of states and political subdivisions | 530,506 | | | 430,108 | | | — | | | 428,635 | | | 1,473 | |
Corporate bonds | 2,900 | | | 2,547 | | | — | | | 2,547 | | | — | |
Total investment securities, held to maturity | 923,308 | | | 760,455 | | | — | | | 758,982 | | | 1,473 | |
Federal Home Loan Bank and other membership bank stocks | 42,483 | | | 42,483 | | | — | | | 42,483 | | | — | |
Loans, net | 7,795,786 | | | 7,561,997 | | | — | | | — | | | 7,561,997 | |
Financial Liabilities: | | | | | | | | | |
Certificates of deposit | 1,208,177 | | | 1,174,230 | | | — | | | 1,174,230 | | | — | |
Other borrowings | 25,000 | | | 23,001 | | | — | | | 23,001 | | | — | |
Subordinated debentures | 194,264 | | | 160,933 | | | — | | | — | | | 160,933 | |