New Data Confirm Lovenox(R) is an Effective Antithrombotic for Treatment of Acute Coronary Syndromes
07 July 2004 - 11:00PM
PR Newswire (US)
New Data Confirm Lovenox(R) is an Effective Antithrombotic for
Treatment of Acute Coronary Syndromes SYNERGY, A to Z and a
Systematic Overview of Six Randomized Trials Published in JAMA
BRIDGEWATER, N.J., July 7 /PRNewswire-FirstCall/ -- Results of two
new randomized clinical studies confirm that Lovenox(R) (enoxaparin
sodium injection) is an effective and safe antithrombotic agent in
patients with non-ST-segment elevation (NSTE) acute coronary
syndromes (ACS) undergoing an invasive management strategy. In
addition, a systematic overview of six clinical trials involving
approximately 22,000 patients with NSTE ACS showed that overall,
Lovenox(R) is superior to unfractionated heparin (UFH) in
preventing nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) and the composite of
death or nonfatal MI regardless of management strategy, with
similar safety. Results of the SYNERGY trial, the "A" phase of the
A-to-Z (Aggrastat(R) to Zocor(R)) trial, and the systematic
overview were published in the July 7 issue of the Journal of the
American Medical Association. (Logo:
http://www.newscom.com/cgi-bin/prnh/20000501/NYM197 ) "The results
of SYNERGY, A-to-Z and the systematic overview confirm the benefit
of enoxaparin across the spectrum of high- and low-risk ACS
patients intended for aggressive or conservative management
strategies," said Kenneth W. Mahaffey, MD, associate professor of
medicine, Duke Clinical Research Institute at Duke University
Medical Center, Durham, NC, and one of the lead authors of both the
SYNERGY study and the systematic overview. "The benefits appear to
be enhanced in patients who receive enoxaparin as their initial
therapy." The SYNERGY Trial SYNERGY was a prospective, randomized,
open-label study of Lovenox(R) versus UFH in more than 10,000
high-risk patients presenting with NSTE ACS and treated with an
early invasive strategy. All patients enrolled in the study
received treatment with aspirin and either Lovenox(R) or UFH.
Clopidogrel and platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors were
administered at the treating physician's discretion. Lovenox(R) was
established to be at least as effective as UFH in reducing the
incidence of death or nonfatal MI at 30 days, the primary endpoint
(14.0% vs. 14.5%, p=0.396). Bleeding was modestly increased in
patients assigned to Lovenox(R), with a statistically
nonsignificant excess in GUSTO severe events (2.7% vs. 2.2%,
p=0.084), although TIMI major bleeding was significantly higher in
patients treated with Lovenox(R) (9.1% vs. 7.6%, p=0.008). The
majority of the bleeding excess resulted from coronary bypass
artery graft (CABG)-related events. No significant differences in
transfusion, intracranial hemorrhage or thrombocytopenia were
observed. Importantly, with greater than 90 percent of patients
undergoing coronary angiography and 47 percent undergoing
percutaneous coronary intervention, no increase was observed in
ischemic complications at the time of procedure, including thrombus
formation, abrupt closure, stroke or need for urgent CABG. A series
of comprehensive secondary analyses was conducted to remove the
confounding influence of pre-randomization antithrombin therapy or
postrandomization "crossovers" to alternate antithrombin therapy.
Lovenox(R) appeared to have a relative advantage with no excess of
bleeding in these analyses. In patients who did not receive
antithrombin therapy prior to randomization, Lovenox(R) was
associated with a 16 percent relative risk reduction in death and
nonfatal MI at 30 days compared with UFH (12.6% vs. 14.8%,
p=0.116). In patients who did not receive prior antithrombin
therapy or who were randomized to the same antithrombin therapy as
they were on prior to randomization, Lovenox(R) resulted in a
statistically significant 18 percent relative reduction in death or
nonfatal MI compared to patients who received UFH (13.3% vs. 15.9%,
p=0.039). Bleeding events in these two groups of patients were
similar. The A Phase of the A-to-Z Trial The A phase of the 4,000-
patient A-to-Z study was designed as an open- label comparison of
the efficacy and safety of Lovenox(R) and UFH when administered
concomitantly with tirofiban (Aggrastat(R)), a platelet
glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor, and aspirin. Approximately 55
percent of patients in each arm were recommended for an early
invasive treatment strategy, and by 48 hours, approximately 42.5
percent in the Lovenox(R) arm and 43.8 percent in the UFH arm had
undergone cardiac catheterization. At 7 days, the primary endpoint
(death, myocardial infarction or refractory ischemia) occurred in
8.4 percent of patients receiving Lovenox(R) and 9.4 percent of
patients receiving UFH in the intention-to-treat population
(p=0.16). Patients treated with Lovenox(R) who received no
antithrombotic agent within 24 hours before randomization also
experienced a trend toward risk reduction (8.1% vs. 10.2%), though
not statistically significant. Combined rates of clinically
significant bleeding (TIMI major or minor bleeding) in the
as-treated population were 3.0 percent in the Lovenox(R) arm vs.
2.2 percent in the UFH arm (p=0.134). There was no difference in
major bleeding rates between Lovenox(R) and UFH for any individuals
who underwent early intervention, but there was a significant
increase in reports of "any bleed" in Lovenox(R)-treated patients,
driven primarily by investigator- identified minor bleeding
episodes. Systematic Overview of Lovenox(R) in Non-ST-Segment
Elevation ACS "Recent studies have demonstrated that enoxaparin is
an effective and safe alternative to unfractionated heparin in
patients with unstable angina or non- ST-segment elevation
myocardial infarction, though these efficacy and safety results
were less robust than the significant reductions in death and
myocardial infarction seen in earlier large clinical trials," said
Dr. Mahaffey. "To investigate whether the treatment effect of
enoxaparin has changed as strategies have evolved to include
concomitant antiplatelet agents and more aggressive invasive
treatment, we undertook a systematic overview of the ESSENCE, TIMI
11B, ACUTE II, INTERACT, SYNERGY and A-to-Z trials examining
enoxaparin versus UFH in ACS." Investigators conducted an analysis
of data from these six clinical trials comparing Lovenox(R) to UFH
in the treatment of approximately 22,000 patients with NSTE ACS.
The systematic evaluation was performed for the endpoints of death
and nonfatal MI, transfusion, and major bleeding in the overall
trial populations and in the subpopulation receiving no
antithrombin therapy prior to randomization. In patients treated
with Lovenox(R), there was a significant reduction in the composite
of death or MI, which translates into a relative risk reduction of
8.2 percent. There was no difference in mortality at 30 days in the
intention-to-treat populations. Among patients who did not receive
any antithrombin therapy prior to randomization, there was a trend
toward a decrease in mortality in favor of Lovenox(R) (2.8% in the
Lovenox(R) arm vs. 3.2% in UFH arm). A statistically significant
14.6 percent relative risk reduction in the combined endpoint of
death and MI was observed in patients in the group treated with
Lovenox(R). The treatment effect was consistent across trials with
varying protocol designs over the past eight years of NSTE ACS
trial experience. The primary safety analysis examined endpoints
occurring through day 7 after randomization. No significant
difference was detected in transfusion or major bleeding in the
overall safety population or in the population receiving no
antithrombin therapy prior to randomization. In the analyses of
both the overall safety populations of all six trials and the
overall safety population of trials assessing CABG-related
bleeding, no significant difference was detected in in-hospital
blood transfusion or major bleeding. A modest but statistically
significant increase in major bleeding during hospitalization was
detected in the analysis of patients who did not receive
antithrombin therapy prior to randomization, but no difference in
blood transfusion was noted. About Lovenox(R) The No. 1-selling
low-molecular-weight heparin in the world, Lovenox(R) was approved
in the United States and Canada in 1993. It has been available in
Europe since 1987 and is known under the brand names Lovenox(R),
Clexane(R) and Klexane(R). Lovenox(R) is the only
low-molecular-weight heparin approved by the FDA for all of the
following indications: * Prophylaxis of deep-vein thrombosis, which
may lead to pulmonary embolism: -- for medical patients who are at
risk for thromboembolic complications due to severely restricted
mobility during acute illness; -- for patients undergoing abdominal
surgery who are at risk for thromboembolic complications; -- for
patients undergoing hip replacement surgery, during and following
hospitalization; -- for patients undergoing knee replacement
surgery. * Prophylaxis of ischemic complications of unstable angina
and non-Q-wave myocardial infarction, when concurrently
administered with aspirin. * Inpatient treatment of acute deep-vein
thrombosis with or without pulmonary embolism, when administered in
conjunction with warfarin sodium. * Outpatient treatment of acute
deep-vein thrombosis without pulmonary embolism when administered
in conjunction with warfarin sodium. Important Safety Information
LOVENOX(R) (enoxaparin sodium injection) cannot be used
interchangeably with other low-molecular-weight heparins or
unfractionated heparin, as they differ in their manufacturing
process, molecular weight distribution, anti-Xa and anti-IIa
activities, units, and dosage. When epidural/spinal anesthesia or
spinal puncture is employed, patients anticoagulated or scheduled
to be anticoagulated with low-molecular-weight heparins or
heparinoids are at risk of developing an epidural or spinal
hematoma, which can result in long-term or permanent paralysis. The
risk of these events is increased by the use of postoperative
indwelling epidural catheters or by the concomitant use of drugs
affecting hemostasis. Patients should be frequently monitored for
signs and symptoms of neurological impairment. (See boxed WARNING)
As with other anticoagulants, use with extreme caution in patients
with conditions that increase the risk of hemorrhage. Dosage
adjustment is recommended in patients with severe renal impairment.
Unless otherwise indicated, agents that may affect hemostasis
should be discontinued prior to LOVENOX(R) therapy. Bleeding can
occur at any site during LOVENOX(R) therapy. An unexplained fall in
hematocrit or blood pressure should lead to a search for a bleeding
site. (See WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS) Thrombocytopenia can occur
with LOVENOX(R). In patients with a history of heparin-induced
thrombocytopenia, LOVENOX(R) should be used with extreme caution.
Thrombocytopenia of any degree should be monitored closely. If the
platelet count falls below 100,000/mm3, LOVENOX(R) should be
discontinued. Cases of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia have been
observed in clinical practice. (See WARNINGS) The use of LOVENOX(R)
has not been adequately studied for thromboprophylaxis in pregnant
women with mechanical prosthetic heart valves. (See WARNINGS)
LOVENOX(R) is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to
enoxaparin sodium, heparin, or pork products, and in patients with
active major bleeding. Please see accompanying information or go to
http://www.lovenox.com/ for complete prescribing information,
including boxed WARNING, and additional important information.
About Aventis Aventis is dedicated to treating and preventing
disease by discovering and developing innovative prescription drugs
and human vaccines. In 2003, Aventis generated sales of euro 16.79
billion (US $18.99), invested euro 2.86 billion (US $3.24) in
research and development and employed approximately 69,000 people
in its core business. Aventis corporate headquarters are in
Strasbourg, France. The company's prescription drugs business is
conducted in the U.S. by Aventis Pharmaceuticals Inc., which is
headquartered in Bridgewater, New Jersey. For more information,
please visit: http://www.aventis-us.com/. Statements in this news
release containing projections or estimates of revenues, income,
earnings per share, capital expenditures, capital structure, or
other financial items; plans and objectives relating to future
operations, products, or services; future economic performance; or
assumptions underlying or relating to any such statements, are
forward-looking statements subject to risks and uncertainties.
Actual results could differ materially depending on factors such as
the timing and effects of regulatory actions, the results of
clinical trials, the company's relative success developing and
gaining market acceptance for new products, the outcome of
significant litigation, and the effectiveness of patent protection.
Additional information regarding risks and uncertainties is set
forth in the current Annual Report on Form 20-F of Aventis on file
with the Securities and Exchange Commission and in the current
Annual Report -"Document de R�f�rence" -- on file with the
"Autorit� des march�s financiers" in France. Aggrastat(R) and
Zocor(R) are registered trademarks of Merck and Co., sponsor of the
A-to-Z study.
http://www.newscom.com/cgi-bin/prnh/20000501/NYM197DATASOURCE:
Aventis CONTACT: Terri Pedone, +1-908-243-6578, , or Susan Brooks,
+1-908-243-7564, , both of Aventis Web site:
http://www.aventis.com/ http://www.lovenox.com/
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