Data Show Ethyol(R) Reduces Radiation Therapy-Induced Dry Mouth in Head and Neck Cancer Patients For 24 Months
07 June 2004 - 5:00AM
PR Newswire (US)
Data Show Ethyol(R) Reduces Radiation Therapy-Induced Dry Mouth in
Head and Neck Cancer Patients For 24 Months NEW ORLEANS, June 6
/PRNewswire-FirstCall/ -- Data presented today from a Phase 3
clinical trial involving 303 head and neck cancer patients showed
that Ethyol(R) (amifostine) reduced the incidence of
moderate-to-severe dry mouth (xerostomia) in patients receiving
radiation therapy for their disease. The data also showed that two
years after treatment, patients treated with Ethyol retained the
ability to produce saliva. Further, the data showed no evidence of
tumor protection for the 24-month period of the study. The data
were presented today at the American Society of Clinical Oncology's
(ASCO) 40th Annual Meeting. "We found that two years after
treatment, amifostine continues to diminish xerostomia induced by
radiation therapy for head and neck cancer without evidence of any
compromise in the efficacy of the radiotherapy," said David M.
Brizel, MD, Professor of Radiation Oncology, Duke University
Medical Center and principal investigator of the study. Xerostomia
is the medical term for chronic and severe dry mouth. It is a
debilitating and sometimes permanent condition caused by a
reduction in salivary gland function, commonly caused by radiation
therapy to treat cancer of the head and neck region. The salivary
glands are very sensitive to radiation and may be exposed during
treatment resulting in a reduction in the production of stimulated
and unstimulated saliva in the mouth. About the Clinical Trial The
Phase 3 clinical trial was conducted at 40 centers in North America
and Europe. Patients were randomized to one of two groups: group 1
(the control group) received 1.8 to 2.0 gamma rays (Gy) of
radiation to treat their cancer; group 2 were given the same dose
of radiation, but also received Ethyol by intravenous infusion 15
to 30 minutes prior to each of their radiation treatments. Both
groups received treatment for five to seven weeks for a total dose
of 50-70 Gy. The Ethyol group received the drug at 200 milligrams
per meter squared (mg/m2). Xerostomia was assessed at 12, 18 and 24
months after radiotherapy by Radiation Therapy Oncology Group
(RTOG) criteria. Radiotherapy efficacy was assessed by locoregional
tumor control, progression-free survival and overall survival. In
addition, quality of life was assessed by a patient benefit
questionnaire with eight questions scored from 1 (severe negative
impact) to 10 (no impact). Ethyol significantly reduced the
incidence of moderate-to-severe (Grade greater than or equal to 2)
xerostomia at each follow-up visit. At 24 months, only 20 percent
of Ethyol patients had Grade greater than or equal to 2 xerostomia
versus 36 percent in the control group (p=0.002). Ethyol also
significantly increased the percentage of patients who could
produce meaningful quantities of saliva (>0.1 grams) at 24
months (76 percent in the Ethyol group versus 56 percent in the
control group (p=0.01)). In the study, tumor control,
progression-free survival and overall survival at each follow-up
visit were not significantly different between treatment groups. At
24 months, overall survival was 72 percent in the Ethyol group
versus 67 percent in the control group (p=0.184). Mean overall
scores for the patient benefit questionnaire tended to improve with
Ethyol. At 24 months, patients in the Ethyol group scored their
quality of life at 7.24 versus 6.87 in the control group (p=0.229).
About Ethyol Ethyol is a cytoprotective agent used to reduce some
toxicities associated with cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
Specifically, this drug is an intravenous organic thiophosphate
agent indicated to reduce the incidence of moderate-to-severe
xerostomia in patients undergoing post-operative radiation
treatment for head and neck cancer, where the radiation port
includes a substantial portion of the parotid glands. Ethyol is
also indicated for the reduction of cumulative renal toxicity
associated with repeated administration of cisplatin in patients
with advanced ovarian cancer or non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
For full prescribing information, visit http://www.medimmune.com/.
About MedImmune, Inc. MedImmune is a leading biotechnology company
focused on researching, developing and commercializing products to
prevent or treat infectious disease, autoimmune disease and cancer.
MedImmune actively markets four products, Synagis(R) (palivizumab),
Ethyol(R) (amifostine), FluMist(TM) (Influenza Virus Vaccine Live,
Intranasal), and CytoGam(R) (cytomegalovirus immune globulin
intravenous (human)), and has additional products in clinical
testing. MedImmune employs approximately 1,800 people, is
headquartered in Gaithersburg, Maryland, and has additional
operations in Frederick, Maryland, as well as Pennsylvania,
California, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. For more
information on MedImmune and its products, visit the company's
website at http://www.medimmune.com/. DATASOURCE: MedImmune, Inc.
CONTACT: Media & Investors - Lori Weiman, Vice President,
Corporate Communications and Investor Relations of MedImmune,
+1-301-398-4321, or Media - Jeff Hoyak of MCS Public Relations,
1-800-477-9626 Web site: http://www.medimmune.com/
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