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PART
I
As
used in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the terms “we”, “us”, “our”, “QuantRx” and “Company”
refer to QuantRx Biomedical Corporation, unless the context otherwise indicates.
ITEM
1. Business
QuantRx
Biomedical Corporation was incorporated on December 5, 1986, in the State of Nevada. The Company’s principal business office is
located at 10190 SW 90th Avenue, Tualatin, Oregon 97062.
Overview
We
have developed and intend to commercialize our patented miniform pads (“PADs”) and PAD based over-the-counter products
for the treatment of hemorrhoids, minor vaginal infection, urinary incontinence, general catamenial uses and other medical needs. We
are also developing and intend to commercialize genomic diagnostics for the laboratory market, based on our lateral flow patents. Our
platforms include: inSync®, UniqueTM,
and OEM branded over-the-counter and laboratory testing products based on our core intellectual property related to our PAD technology.
The
continuation of our operations remains contingent upon the receipt of additional financing required to execute our business and operating
plan, which is currently focused on the commercialization of our PAD technology, either directly or through a joint venture or other
relationship intended to increase shareholder value. In the interim, we have nominal operations, focused principally on maintaining our
intellectual property portfolio and maintaining compliance with the public company reporting requirements. In order to continue as a
going concern, we will need to raise capital, which may include the issuance of debt and/or equity securities. No assurances can be given
that we will be able to obtain additional financing under terms favorable to us, if at all, or otherwise successfully develop a business
and operating plan or enter into an alternative relationship to commercialize our PAD technology.
Our
principal business line consists of our over-the-counter products, which includes commercialization of our InSync feminine hygienic interlabial
pad, the Unique® Miniform for hemorrhoid application, and other treated miniforms (the “OTC Business”), as well
as maintaining established and continuing licensing relationships related to the OTC Business. We also own certain diagnostic testing
technology that is based on our lateral flow patents (the “Diagnostics Business”, and collectively with the OTC Business,
the “Business”). Management believes this corporate structure permits us to more efficiently explore options to maximize
the value of the Businesses, with the objective of maximizing the value of the Businesses for the benefit of the Company and our shareholders.
Our
current focus is to obtain additional working capital necessary to continue as a going concern, and to develop a longer term financing
and operating plan to: (i) commercialize our over-the-counter products either directly or through joint ventures, mergers or similar
transactions intended to capitalize on potential commercial opportunities; (ii) contract manufacturing of our over-the-counter products
to third parties while maintaining control over the manufacturing process; (iii) maintain our intellectual property portfolio with respect
to patents and licenses pertaining to both the OTC Business and the Diagnostics Business; and (iv) maximize the value of our investments
in non-core assets. As a result of our current financial condition, however, our efforts in the short-term will be focused on obtaining
financing necessary to maintain the Company as a going concern.
Preprogen
Transaction
On
December 15, 2017 (“Closing Date”), we executed an agreement with Preprogen LLC (“Preprogen”) (the
“Preprogen Agreement”), pursuant to which we agreed to the sale, assignment, and license-back of certain of our assets
pertaining to our Diagnostic Business (the “Purchased Assets”). Under
this agreement, we retained all rights and assets relating to the OTC Business, which includes all assets necessary to pursue marketing
the over-the-counter miniform products for female hygiene and hemorrhoid treatment.
As
set forth in the Preprogen Agreement, as consideration for the sale, assignment and transfer of the Purchased Assets (the “Preprogen
Transaction”) on the Closing Date, Preprogen
(A) paid us $1.0 million (“Cash Amount”) as follows: (i) approximately $38,000 was paid to the City of Portland to
payoff certain indebtedness owed by us to the City of Portland, (ii) $65,000 in principal amount of notes held by Preprogen was credited
toward the purchase price as a result of the cancellation and termination of those certain promissory notes payable to Preprogen by us,
and (iii) the remaining balance was paid to us in cash at closing (the “Closing Balance”); and (B) issued to us that
number of membership interests in Preprogen equal to 15% of the issued and outstanding membership interests in Preprogen on a fully diluted
basis as of the Closing Date. Under the terms of the Preprogen Agreement, Preprogen is obligated
to pay to us such additional amounts calculated based on the aggregate gross revenue generated by Preprogen from the sale of products
after the Closing Date that utilize, or royalty payments or licensing fees received by Preprogen with respect to, the Purchased Assets,
if any, as more particularly set forth in the Preprogen Agreement.
At
closing, and as required by the Preprogen Agreement, we deposited $400,000 of the Cash Balance in escrow, which funds were to be used
to fund up to 50% of the costs incurred by Preprogen in connection with the development and manufacturing of materials to be used by
us for our over-the-counter miniform products and to be used by Preprogen for diagnostic products related to the Purchased Assets. As
additional consideration for the Purchased Assets, we issued a warrant to Preprogen’s designee to purchase up to 15.0 million shares
of our common stock, par value $0.01 per share (“Common Stock”), at an exercise price of $0.05 per share (the “Warrant”).
The Warrant is immediately exercisable and expires on December 14, 2022.
On
October 8, 2018, the Preprogen Agreement was amended to provide for, among other things, the release of funds held in escrow related
to the manufacture of the miniform pads (the “Preprogen Amendment”), which resulted in both parties receiving $200,583
in cash. As consideration for the Preprogen Amendment, we agreed to pay Preprogen a royalty of 5% from the sale of all over-the-counter
miniform products; provided, however, that such royalty payments shall terminate when Preprogen has received $200,000 in aggregate
consideration from the royalties paid by us, and that we shall be entitled to offset such royalty payments due and payable to Preprogen
by amounts equal to certain other payments otherwise due and payable to us by Preprogen pursuant to the terms of the Preprogen Agreement.
At December 31, 2018, we valued our investment in Preprogen at $222,000 recording an impairment of $278,000 during the year ended December
31, 2018. At December 31, 2019, we revalued our investment in Preprogen to $0, recording an impairment of $222,000 during the year ended
December 31, 2019.
Our
Business
Management’s
objective is to develop our innovative PAD based products through genomic testing, although commercialization efforts are conditioned
upon securing adequate financing. Assuming the availability of adequate working capital, our objective is to target significant market
opportunities for our products through the following platforms.
PAD/Health
and Wellness
PAD
products are based on our non-woven disposable absorbent pad technology, with products for aiding the treatment of hemorrhoids, minor
vaginal infection, urinary incontinence, the over-the-counter catamenial markets, and other medical needs, including diagnostic sampling
products that enable self-collection and worldwide transport for indications such as various cancers, premature delivery, and genomic
testing.
Lateral
Flow Diagnostics
Our
Diagnostic Business is focused on the development RapidSense® point-of-care testing products
and related oral fluid collection technologies based on our core intellectual property related to lateral flow methods, devices, and
processes for the consumer and healthcare professional markets.
Product
and Product Candidates
We
have historically operated under a two-fold product development strategy: (i) maximize the value of internally developed products that
are market-ready for near-term distribution, and (ii) aggressively develop technology platforms for products we believe will address
medical diagnostic and treatment issues into the future.
When
introducing our PAD product lines and other products, we sought to align ourselves with experienced marketing partners that have established
distribution channels. We teamed with a manufacturing partner in Asia, as well as niche United States manufacturers, in order to bring
products to market in an efficient manner while controlling product quality. We currently do not have any manufacturing partnerships,
as we are not currently manufacturing or selling any of our products; however, we are currently evaluating new manufacturing relationships
in the U.S., consistent with the terms of the Preprogen Agreement.
Our
miniform PAD is a patented technology that provides the basis for a line of products that address an array of consumer health issues,
including temporary relief of hemorrhoid and minor vaginal infection itch and discomfort, feminine urinary incontinence, catamenial needs,
drug delivery, and medical sample collection and transport for diagnostic testing.
Our
PAD products for the consumer markets are designated as FDA Class I over-the-counter devices, and are easy to use, non-invasive, fully
biodegradable, highly absorbent pads. Additionally, the unique non-woven technology utilized for the PADs allows for a PAD to be used
as a sample collection device, providing a sample for diagnostic purposes, or to provide local or systemic therapy.
Unique®
Miniforms
Miniform
is a safe, convenient, and flushable technology for the underserved over-the-counter hemorrhoid, feminine hygiene and urinary incontinence
markets. The disposable miniform pads contain no adhesives, require no insertion, and are small enough to fit in the palm of a hand.
The
Unique® miniform is available as a treated pad for the temporary relief of the itch
and discomfort associated with hemorrhoids and minor vaginal infection, and as an untreated pad, for the daily protection of light urinary,
vaginal or anal leakage.
While
we previously initiated a limited web-based domestic roll-out of the Unique® miniform,
we are currently in search of a strategic partnership(s) to expand the retail availability of the product across the United States and
internationally.
We
have significant experience manufacturing our miniform product and a clear understanding of its costs. The miniform technology is protected
by numerous patents covering various applications, the manufacturing process, and certain materials. We previously contracted with a
firm based in Taiwan to manufacture our PADs, although the manufacturing relationship is currently suspended due to our financial condition
and pending the development of a financing and operation plan that allows us to re-commence active operations.
Lateral
Flow Diagnostics
We
developed and patented the RapidSense technology, a one-step lateral flow test with unique features such as a positive indication for
a positive test, which allows us to target quantified point-of-care (“POC”) diagnostics previously limited to the
diagnostic laboratory. These applications include, but are not limited to, thyroid disease, therapeutic drug monitoring, cancer diagnostics,
diagnosis of cardiac disease, and other critical tests. This rapid POC diagnostic technology is ideal for testing all body fluid, including
whole blood, serum, oral fluids and urine. We also patented innovative oral fluid collection devices specifically designed for our RapidSense
technology. These distinctive collection devices, coupled with RapidSense and the reader platform, are intended to ultimately enable
us to target the large and growing markets for diagnostics using oral sample collections, which have previously been limited to blood
or urine testing.
Competition
Our
industry is highly competitive and characterized by rapid and significant technological changes. Significant competitive factors in our
industry include, among others, product efficacy and safety, the timing and scope of regulatory approvals, the government reimbursement
rates for and the average selling price of products, the availability of raw materials and qualified manufacturing capacity, manufacturing
costs, intellectual property and patent rights and their protection, and sales, marketing and distribution capabilities.
We
face, and will continue to face, competition from organizations such as pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, as well as academic
and research institutions.
Any
product candidates that we successfully develop, which are cleared for sale by the FDA or similar international regulatory authorities
in other countries, may compete with similar products currently available or that may become available in the future. Most of our competitors
have substantially greater capital resources than we have, and greater capabilities and resources for research, conducting preclinical
studies and clinical trials, regulatory affairs, manufacturing, marketing and sales. As a result, we may face competitive disadvantages
relative to these organizations should they develop or commercialize a competitive product. In addition, given our current lack of working
capital, our competitors will have the opportunity to capture market opportunities missed by us as we attempt to secure additional financing
necessary to commercialize our products.
Raw
Materials and Manufacturing
We
currently do not have manufacturing capacity for any of our products, and therefore have historically contracted for the manufacturing
of our products to third-party manufacturers, both in and outside the United States. All of our manufactured products have been, and
at such time that we recommence active operations will be, produced under FDA mandated Good Manufacturing Practices standard operating
procedures developed and controlled by our quality system, which specifies approved raw materials, vendors, and manufacturing methodology.
Intellectual
Property Rights and Patents
As
of December 31, 2021, we had nine (9) patents issued and five (5) licensed patents. Our issued patents expire between 2022 and 2030;
however, we may obtain continuations, which would extend the rights granted under our issued patents, and additional patents to cover
technology in development. We also have four (4) registered U.S. and foreign trademarks.
Patents
and other proprietary rights are an integral part of our business. It is our policy to seek patent protection for our inventions and
also to rely upon trade secrets and continuing technological innovations and licensing opportunities to develop and maintain our competitive
position. However, our patent positions involve complex legal and factual questions and, therefore, enforceability of our patents cannot
be predicted with any certainty. Our issued patents, those licensed to us, and those that may be issued to us in the future may be challenged,
invalidated or circumvented, and the rights granted thereunder may not provide us with proprietary protection or competitive advantages
against competitors with similar technology. Furthermore, our competitors may independently develop similar technologies or duplicate
any technology developed by us. Because of the extensive time required for development, testing and regulatory review of a potential
product, it is possible that, before any of our product candidates can be approved for sale and commercialized, our relevant patent rights
may expire or remain in force for only a short period following commercialization. Expiration of patents we own or license could adversely
affect our ability to protect future product development and, consequently, our operating results and financial position.
Licensing,
Distribution and Development Agreements
As
noted above, on December 15, 2017, we entered into an agreement with Preprogen, which was subsequently amended on October 8, 2018, pursuant
to which we agreed to the sale, assignment, and license-back of certain of our assets, including rights to use the intellectual property
transferred to Preprogen necessary to the development, manufacture, marketing and sale of our over-the-counter miniform products for
the feminine hygiene and hemorrhoid treatment markets.
Regulatory
Requirements
Some
of our products and manufacturing activities are, or will be subject to regulation by the FDA, and by other federal, state, local and
foreign regulatory authorities. Pursuant to the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act of 1938, commonly known as the FD&C Act, and the regulations
promulgated thereunder, the FDA regulates the research, development, clinical testing, manufacture, packaging, labeling, storage, distribution,
promotion, advertising and sampling of medical devices and medical imaging products. Before a new device or pharmaceutical product can
be introduced to the market, the manufacturer must generally obtain marketing clearance through a section 510(k) notification, a Premarket
Approval (“PMA”) or a New Drug Approval (“NDA”).
In
the United States, medical devices intended for human use are classified into three categories, Class I, II or III, on the basis of the
controls deemed reasonably necessary by the FDA to assure their safety and effectiveness, with Class I requiring the fewest controls
and Class III the most controls. Class I, unless exempted, and Class II devices are marketed following FDA clearance of a Section 510(k)
premarket notification. Because Class III devices (e.g., a device whose failure could cause significant human harm or death) tend to
carry the greatest risks, the manufacturer must demonstrate that such a device is safe and effective for its intended use by submitting
a PMA application. PMA approval by the FDA is required before a Class III device can be lawfully marketed in the United States. Usually,
the PMA process is significantly more time consuming and costly than the 510(k) process.
The
U.S. regulatory scheme for the development and commercialization of new pharmaceutical products, which includes the targeted molecular
imaging agents, can be divided into three distinct phases: an investigational phase including both preclinical and clinical investigations
leading up to the submission of an NDA; a period of FDA review culminating in the approval or refusal to approve the NDA; and the post-marketing
period.
All
of our over-the-counter products derived from the miniform technology, including Unique®, are currently classified as Class I –
exempt devices, requiring written notification to the FDA before marketing.
In
addition, the FD&C Act requires device manufacturers to obtain a new FDA 510(k) clearance when there is a substantial change or modification
in the intended use of a legally marketed device, or a change or modification, including product enhancements, changes to packaging or
advertising text and, in some cases, manufacturing changes, to a legally marketed device that could significantly affect its safety or
effectiveness. Supplements for approved PMA devices are required for device changes, including some manufacturing changes that affect
safety or effectiveness, or disclosure to the consumer, such as labeling. For devices marketed pursuant to 510(k) determinations of substantial
equivalence, the manufacturer must obtain FDA clearance of a new 510(k) notification prior to marketing the modified device. For devices
marketed with PMA, the manufacturer must obtain FDA approval of a supplement to the PMA prior to marketing the modified device. Such
regulatory requirements may require us to retain records for up to seven years, and to be subject to periodic regulatory review and inspection
of all facilities and documents by the FDA.
The
FD&C Act requires device manufacturers to comply with Good Manufacturing Practices regulations. The regulations require that medical
device manufacturers comply with various quality control requirements pertaining to design controls, purchasing contracts, organization
and personnel, including device and manufacturing process design, buildings, environmental control, cleaning and sanitation; equipment
and calibration of equipment; medical device components; manufacturing specifications and processes; reprocessing of devices; labeling
and packaging; in-process and finished device inspection and acceptance; device failure investigations; and record keeping requirements
including complaint files and device tracking. At such time that we re-commence operations, if ever, Company personnel and non-affiliated
contract auditors will periodically inspect the contract manufacturers to assure they remain in compliance.
Additionally,
the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (“CMS”) regulates all laboratory testing (except research) performed
on humans in the U.S. pursuant to the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (“CLIA”). In total, CLIA covers approximately
225,000 laboratory entities. The Division of Laboratory Services, within the Survey and Certification Group, under the Office of Clinical
Standards and Quality (“OCSQ”) has the responsibility for implementing the CLIA Program.
The
objective of the CLIA program is to ensure quality laboratory testing. Although all clinical laboratories must be properly certified
to receive Medicare or Medicaid payments, CLIA has no direct Medicare or Medicaid program responsibilities. In the event our current
operating plan includes such a facility, we will fall under CLIA regulatory requirements.
Certain
of our product candidates will require significant clinical validation prior to obtaining marketing clearance from the FDA. We intend
to contract with appropriate and experienced CROs (contract research organizations) to prepare for and review the results from clinical
field trials. We engage certain scientific advisors, consisting of scientific Ph.D.s and M.D.’s, who contribute to the scientific
and medical validity of our clinical trials when appropriate.
Research
and Development Activities
We
did not engage in any research and development efforts during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, nor do we expect to engage
in any research and development activity until funding is secured and we develop a plan to commercialize our products.
Employees
As
of December 31, 2021, we had no employees, and two part-time consultants providing services to the Company in order to maintain the Company
as a going concern and to protect our intellectual property portfolio and other assets.
ITEM
1A. RISK FACTORS
You
should consider carefully the following risks, along with other information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The risks and
uncertainties described below are not the only ones that may affect us. Additional risks and uncertainties may also adversely affect
our business and operations, including those discussed in Item 7 – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operation, below. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, result of operations, and financial condition
could be adversely affected.
We
have a history of incurring net losses and, currently, we are not generating any revenue. There can be no assurances that we will generate
any revenue in the future, achieve profitable operations or continue as a going concern.
As
of the year ended December 31, 2021, we had an accumulated deficit of $52,375,028. Our losses resulted principally from general and administrative
costs relating to our operations. Currently, we are not generating any revenue from operations, and we expect to incur sizeable and increasing
losses in 2022. Historically, we have financed our operations with the proceeds from issuances of equity and debt securities, including,
most recently, issuances of promissory notes. In the past, we also provided for our cash needs by issuing shares of our Common Stock,
options and warrants as payment for certain operating costs, including consulting and professional fees, as well as divesting our minority
equity interests and equity-linked investments.
Our
history of operating losses, limited cash resources and the absence of an operating plan necessary to capitalize on our assets raise
substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern, absent a strengthening of our cash position. Management is currently
pursuing various funding options, including seeking debt or equity financing, licensing opportunities and the sale of certain investment
holdings, as well as a strategic, merger or other transaction to obtain additional funding to recommence operation and to continue the
development of, and to successfully commercialize, our products. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in our efforts.
Should we be unable to obtain adequate financing or generate sufficient revenue in the future, our business, result of operations, liquidity
and financial condition would be materially and adversely harmed, and we will be unable to continue as a going concern.
There
can be no assurance that, assuming we are able to strengthen our cash position, we will achieve adequate revenue or profitable operations
sufficient to continue as a going concern.
Our
ability to re-commence and support operations and continue as a going concern is dependent upon raising adequate financing. We may not
be able to obtain such capital on a timely basis or under commercially reasonable terms, if at all.
We
expect that the capital required to re-commence our operations will be substantial, and the extent of this need will depend on many factors,
some of which are beyond our control, including the continued development of our product candidates; the costs associated with maintaining,
protecting and expanding our patent and other intellectual property rights; future payments, if any, received or made under existing
or possible future collaborative arrangements, including pursuant to the Preprogen Agreement; the timing of regulatory approvals needed
to market our product candidates; and market acceptance of our products. Although we are pursuing various funding and related options
to re-commence operations and, ultimately, commercialize our innovative PAD-based products, management has been unsuccessful to date
in securing sufficient financing. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in our efforts to obtain adequate financing. Should
we be unable to raise adequate financing or generate revenue in the future, our business prospects would be materially and adversely
harmed. As a result, management believes that given the current economic environment and the continuing need to strengthen our cash position,
there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.
We
have promissory notes in the aggregate principal amount of approximately $2.1 million outstanding that are all currently due and payable
on demand. In the event that demand for repayment is made, and we are not able to raise sufficient capital to pay such notes or otherwise
restructure the same, we will be in default and will not be able to continue as a going concern.
Currently,
we have promissory notes with a principal amount aggregating approximately $2.1 million outstanding, all of which are now due and payable
on demand. In the event the holders demand repayment and we are unable to pay such notes or restructure the notes, the notes will be
in default, and the Company may not be able to continue as a going concern.
Assuming
we are able to successfully develop a financing and operating plan, and therefore re-commence operations, there is no assurance that
our products will gain market acceptance.
Efforts
to commercialize our products are conditioned upon the development of a financing and operating plan that allows us to re-commence operations.
Assuming the successful development of such a plan, our success will depend in substantial part on the extent to which our products achieve
market acceptance. We cannot predict or guarantee that physicians, patients, healthcare insurers or maintenance organizations, or the
medical community in general, will accept or utilize any of our products.
We
face intense competition, including competition from entities that are more established and may have greater financial resources than
we do, which may make it difficult for us to establish and maintain a viable market presence.
If
successfully brought into the marketplace, any of our products will likely compete with several existing products. We anticipate that
we will face intense and increasing competition in the future as new products enter the market and advanced technologies become available.
We cannot assure that existing products or new products developed by competitors will not be more effective, or more effectively marketed
and sold than those by us. Competitive products may render our products obsolete or noncompetitive prior to our recovery of development
and commercialization expenses.
Many
of our competitors also have significantly greater financial, technical and human resources and will likely be better equipped to develop,
manufacture and market products. Smaller companies may also prove to be significant competitors, particularly through collaborative arrangements
with large biotechnology companies. Furthermore, academic institutions, government agencies and other public and private research organizations
are becoming increasingly aware of the commercial value of their inventions and are actively seeking to commercialize the technology
they have developed. Accordingly, competitors may succeed in commercializing products more rapidly or effectively than us, which would
have a material adverse effect on the Company.
If
we fail to establish marketing and sales capabilities or fail to enter into effective sales, marketing and distribution arrangements
with third parties, we may not be able to successfully commercialize our products.
Upon
re-commencement of active operations, we will be primarily dependent on third parties for the sales, marketing and distribution of our
products. We may enter into various agreements providing for the commercialization of our product candidates. We intend to sell our product
candidates primarily through third parties and establish relationships with other companies to commercialize them in other countries
around the world. We currently have no internal sales and marketing capabilities, and only a limited infrastructure to support such activities.
Therefore, our future profitability will depend in part on our ability to enter into effective marketing agreements. To the extent that
we enter into sales, marketing and distribution arrangements with other companies to sell our products in the United States or abroad,
our product revenue will depend on their efforts, which may not be successful.
Further
testing of certain of our product candidates is required and regulatory approval may be delayed or denied, which would limit or prevent
us from marketing our product candidates and significantly impair our ability to generate revenues.
Human
pharmaceutical products are subject to rigorous preclinical testing and clinical trials and other approval procedures mandated by the
FDA and foreign regulatory authorities. Various federal and foreign statutes and regulations also govern or influence the manufacturing,
safety, labeling, storage, record keeping and marketing of pharmaceutical products. The process of obtaining these approvals and the
subsequent compliance with appropriate U.S. and foreign statutes and regulations is time-consuming and requires the expenditure of substantial
resources. In addition, these requirements and processes vary widely from country to country.
To
varying degrees based on the regulatory plan for each product candidate, the effect of government regulation and the need for FDA and
other regulatory agency approval will delay commercialization of our product candidates, impose costly procedures upon our activities,
and put us at a disadvantage relative to larger companies with which we compete. There can be no assurance that FDA or other regulatory
approval for any products developed by us will be granted on a timely basis, or at all. If we discontinue the development of one of our
product candidates, our business and stock price may suffer.
Our
success will be dependent upon licenses and proprietary rights we receive from other parties, and on any patents we may obtain.
Our
success will depend in large part on our ability and that of our licensors to (i) maintain license and patent protection with respect
to our products, (ii) defend patents and licenses once obtained, (iii) maintain trade secrets, (iv) operate without infringing upon the
patents and proprietary rights of others, and (v) maintain and obtain appropriate licenses to patents or proprietary rights held by third
parties if infringement would otherwise occur, both in the United States and in foreign countries.
The
patent positions of biomedical companies, including ours, are uncertain and involve complex legal and factual questions. There is no
guarantee that we, or our licensors, have or will develop or obtain the rights to products or processes that are patentable, that patents
will issue from any of the pending applications, or that claims allowed will be sufficient to protect the technology developed by, or
licensed to, us. In addition, we cannot be certain that any patents issued to or licensed by us will not be challenged, invalidated,
infringed or circumvented, or that the rights granted thereunder will provide us with competitive advantages.
Litigation,
which could result in substantial cost, may also be necessary to enforce any patents to which we have rights, or to determine the scope,
validity and unenforceability of other parties’ proprietary rights, which may affect our rights. United States patents carry a
presumption of validity and generally can be invalidated only through clear and convincing evidence. There can be no assurance that our
patents would be held valid by a court or administrative body or that an alleged infringer would be found to be infringing. The mere
uncertainty resulting from the institution and continuation of any technology-related litigation or interference proceeding could have
a material adverse effect on us pending resolution of the disputed matters.
We
may also rely on unpatented trade secrets and know-how to maintain our competitive position, which we seek to protect, in part, by confidentiality
agreements with employees, consultants and others. There can be no assurance that these agreements will not be breached or terminated,
that we will have adequate remedies for any breach, or that trade secrets will not otherwise become known or be independently discovered
by our competitors.
Protecting
our proprietary rights is difficult and costly.
The
patent positions of biotechnology companies can be highly uncertain and involve complex legal and factual questions. Accordingly, we
cannot predict the breadth of claims allowed in these companies’ patents or whether we may infringe or be infringing these claims.
Patent disputes are common and could preclude the commercialization of our products. Patent litigation is costly in its own right and
could subject us to significant liabilities to third parties. In addition, an adverse decision could force us to either obtain third-party
licenses at a material cost or cease using the technology or product in dispute.
We
currently do not have any employees, resulting from our objective of substantially reducing our expenses. At such time as we re-commence
operations, if ever, we may be unable to attract skilled personnel and maintain key relationships.
The
success of our business will depend, in large part, on our ability to attract and retain highly qualified management, scientific and
other personnel, and on our ability to develop and maintain important relationships with leading research institutions and consultants
and advisors. Competition for these types of personnel and relationships is intense among numerous pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies,
universities and other research institutions. As a result of the suspension of the development of our PAD based products, and in connection
with our objective to substantially reduce our expenses, we do not have any employees, and currently rely on consultants and/or contract
managers to manage the business and operations of the Company. There can be no assurance that we will be able to attract and retain skilled
personnel at such time as we re-commence operations, and the failure to do so would have a material adverse effect on the Company.
We
may not be able to efficiently develop manufacturing capabilities or contract for such services from third parties on commercially acceptable
terms, if at all.
We
have established relationships with third-party manufacturers for the commercial production of our products, which relationships have
been suspended due to the suspension of our direct, active operations. There can be no assurance that we will be able to reestablish
or maintain relationships with third-party manufacturers on commercially acceptable terms, if at all, or that third-party manufacturers
will be able to manufacture our products on a cost-effective basis in commercial quantities under Good Manufacturing Practices mandated
by the FDA.
Our
dependence upon third parties for the manufacture of our products may adversely affect future costs and the ability to develop and commercialize
our products on a timely and competitive basis. Further, there can be no assurance that manufacturing or quality control problems will
not arise in connection with the manufacture of our products or that third-party manufacturers will be able to maintain the necessary
governmental licenses and approvals to continue manufacturing such products. Any failure to establish relationships with third parties
for our manufacturing requirements on commercially acceptable terms would have a material adverse effect on the Company. Additionally,
we may rely upon foreign manufacturers. Any event which negatively impacts these manufacturing facilities, manufacturing systems or equipment,
or suppliers, including, among others, wars, terrorist activities, natural disasters and outbreaks of infectious disease, could delay
or suspend shipments of products or the release of new products.
In
the future, we anticipate that we will need to obtain additional or increased product liability insurance coverage and it is uncertain
that such increased or additional insurance coverage can be obtained on commercially reasonable terms.
Our
business will expose us to potential product liability risks that are inherent in the testing, manufacturing and marketing of pharmaceutical
products. There can be no assurance that product liability claims will not be asserted against us. The Company does not have product
liability coverage, and there can be no assurance that we will be able to obtain product liability insurance on commercially acceptable
terms or that we will be able to maintain such insurance at a reasonable cost or in sufficient amounts to protect against potential losses.
A successful product liability claim or a series of claims brought against us could have a material adverse effect on the Company.
Insurance
coverage is increasingly more difficult to obtain or maintain.
Obtaining
insurance for our business, property and products is increasingly more costly and narrower in scope, and we may be required to assume
more risk in the future. If we are subject to third-party claims or suffer a loss or damage in excess of our insurance coverage, we may
be required to share that cost in excess of our insurance limits. Furthermore, any first- or third-party claims made on any of our insurance
policies may impact our ability to obtain or maintain insurance coverage at reasonable costs or at all in the future.
The
market price of shares of our Common Stock, like that of many biotechnology companies, is highly volatile.
Market
prices for our Common Stock and the securities of other medical and biomedical technology companies have been highly volatile and may
continue to be highly volatile in the future. Factors such as announcements of technological innovations or new products by us or our
competitors, government regulatory action, litigation, patent or proprietary rights developments, and market conditions for medical and
high technology stocks in general can have a significant impact on any future market for our Common Stock.
Trading
of our Common Stock is limited, which may make it difficult for you to sell your shares at times and prices that you feel are appropriate.
Trading
of our Common Stock, which is conducted on the OTC: PINK marketplace, has been limited. This adversely affects the liquidity of our Common
Stock, not only in terms of the number of shares that can be bought and sold at a given price, but also through delays in the timing
of transactions and reduction in security analysts and the media’s coverage of us. This may result in lower prices for our Common
Stock than might otherwise be obtained and could also result in a larger spread between the bid and ask prices for our Common Stock.
The
issuance of shares of our preferred stock may adversely affect the holders of our Common Stock.
Our
Board of Directors is authorized to designate one or more series of preferred stock and to fix the rights, preferences, privileges and
restrictions thereof, without any action by the stockholders. The designation and issuance of such shares of our preferred stock may
adversely affect the holders of our Common Stock if the rights, preferences and privileges of such preferred stock (i) restrict the declaration
or payment of dividends on our Common Stock, (ii) dilute the voting power of our Common Stock, (iii) impair the liquidation rights of
our Common Stock, or (iv) delay or prevent a change in control of the Company from occurring, among other possibilities.
Our
Common Stock is subject to “penny stock” rules.
Our
Common Stock is currently defined as a “penny stock” under Rule 3a51-1 promulgated under the Exchange Act. “Penny stocks”
are subject to Rules 15g-2 through 15g-7 and Rule 15g-9, which impose additional sales practice requirements on broker-dealers that sell
penny stocks to persons other than established customers and institutional accredited investors. Among other things, for transactions
covered by these rules, a broker-dealer must make a special suitability determination for the purchaser and have received the purchaser’s
written consent to the transaction prior to sale. Consequently, these rules may affect the ability of broker-dealers to sell our Common
Stock and affect the ability of holders to sell their shares of our Common Stock in the secondary market. To the extent our Common Stock
is subject to the penny stock regulations, the market liquidity for our shares will be adversely affected.
Because
we do not expect to pay dividends, you will not realize any income from an investment in our Common Stock unless and until you sell your
shares at a profit.
We
have never paid dividends on our Common Stock and do not anticipate paying any dividends for the foreseeable future. You should not rely
on an investment in our stock if you require dividend income. Further, you will only realize income on an investment in our shares of
Common Stock in the event you sell or otherwise dispose of your shares at a price higher than the price you paid for your shares. Such
a gain would result only from an increase in the market price of our Common Stock, which is uncertain and unpredictable.
ITEM
1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
ITEM
2. PROPERTIES
We
did not maintain a corporate headquarters during the years ended December 31, 2021 or 2020, nor do we have any further obligation under
any prior lease agreements. We currently plan to transfer operations to a new facility pending obtaining financing to re-commence operations.
ITEM
3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
As
of the date hereof, there are no material pending legal proceedings to which we are a party to or of which any of our property is the
subject.
ITEM
4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not
applicable.
NOTES
TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
Overview
We
have developed and intend to commercialize our patented miniform pads (“PADs”) and PAD based over-the-counter products
for the treatment of hemorrhoids, minor vaginal infection, urinary incontinence, general catamenial uses and other medical needs. We
are also developing and intend to commercialize genomic diagnostics for the laboratory market, based on our lateral flow patents. Our
platforms include: inSync®, UniqueTM,
and OEM branded over-the-counter and laboratory testing products based on our core intellectual property related to our PAD technology.
The
continuation of our operations remains contingent upon the receipt of additional financing required to execute our business and operating
plan, which is currently focused on the commercialization of our PAD technology either directly or through a joint venture or other relationship
intended to increase shareholder value. In the interim, we have nominal operations, focused principally on maintaining our intellectual
property portfolio and maintaining compliance with the public company reporting requirements. In order to continue as a going concern,
we will need to raise capital, which may include the issuance of debt and/or equity securities. No assurances can be given that we will
be able to obtain additional financing under terms favorable to us, if at all, or otherwise successfully develop a business and operating
plan or enter into an alternative relationship to commercialize our PAD technology.
Our
principal business line consists of over-the-counter commercialization of our InSync feminine hygienic interlabial pad, the Unique®
Miniform for hemorrhoid application, and other treated miniforms (the “OTC Business”), as well as maintaining established
and continuing licensing relationships related to these products. We also own certain diagnostic testing technology (the “Diagnostic
Business”, and collectively with the OTC Business, the “Business”) that is based on our lateral flow patents.
Management believes this corporate structure permits us to more efficiently explore options to maximize the value of our products and
intellectual property portfolio, with the objective of maximizing the value of the Businesses for the benefit of the Company and our
shareholders.
Our
current focus is to obtain additional working capital necessary to continue as a going concern, and to develop a longer term financing
and operating plan to: (i) commercialize our over-the-counter products either directly or through joint ventures, mergers or similar
transactions intended to capitalize on potential commercial opportunities; (ii) contract manufacturing of our over-the-counter products
to third parties while maintaining control over the manufacturing process; (iii) maintain our intellectual property portfolio with respect
to patents and licenses pertaining to both the OTC Business and the Diagnostics Business; and (iv) maximize the value of our investments
in non-core assets. As a result of our current financial condition, however, our efforts in the short-term will be focused on obtaining
financing necessary to maintain the Company as a going concern.
Preprogen
Transaction
On
December 15, 2017 (“Closing Date”), we executed an agreement with Preprogen LLC (“Preprogen”) (the
“Preprogen Agreement”), pursuant to which we agreed to the sale, assignment, and license-back of certain of our assets
pertaining to our Diagnostic Business (the “Purchased Assets”). Under
this agreement, we retained all rights and assets relating to the OTC Business, which includes all assets necessary to pursue marketing
the over-the-counter miniform products for female hygiene and hemorrhoid treatment.
As
set forth in the Preprogen Agreement, as consideration for the sale, assignment and transfer of the Purchased Assets (the “Preprogen
Transaction”)on the Closing Date, Preprogen(A) paid us $1.0 million (“Cash Amount”) as follows: (i) approximately $38,000 was paid to the City of Portland to
payoff certain indebtedness owed by us to the City of Portland, (ii) $65,000 in principal amount of notes held by Preprogen was credited
toward the purchase price as a result of the cancellation and termination of those certain promissory notes payable to Preprogen by us,
and (iii) the remaining balance was paid to us in cash at closing (the “Closing Balance”); and (B) issued to us that
number of membership interests in Preprogen equal to 15% of the issued and outstanding membership interests in Preprogen on a fully diluted
basis as of the Closing Date. Under the terms of the Preprogen Agreement, Preprogen is obligated
to pay to us such additional amounts calculated based on the aggregate gross revenue generated by Preprogen from the sale of products
after the Closing Date that utilize, or royalty payments or licensing fees received by Preprogen with respect to, the Purchased Assets,
if any, as more particularly set forth in the Preprogen Agreement.
At
closing, and as required by the Preprogen Agreement, we deposited $400,000 of the Cash Balance in escrow, which funds were to be used
to fund up to 50% of the costs incurred by Preprogen in connection with the development and manufacturing of materials to be used by
us for our over-the-counter miniform products and to be used by Preprogen for diagnostic products related to the Purchased Assets. As
additional consideration for the Purchased Assets, we issued a warrant to Preprogen’s designee to purchase up to 15.0 million shares
of our common stock, par value $0.01 per share (“Common Stock”), at an exercise price of $0.05 per share (the “Warrant”).
The Warrant is immediately exercisable and expires on December 14, 2022.
On
October 8, 2018, the Preprogen Agreement was amended to provide for, among other things, the release of funds held in escrow related
to the manufacture of the miniform pads (the “Preprogen Amendment”), which resulted in both parties receiving $200,583
in cash. As consideration for the Preprogen Amendment, we agreed to pay Preprogen a royalty of 5% from the sale of all over-the-counter
miniform products; provided, however, that such royalty payments shall terminate when Preprogen has received $200,000 in aggregate
consideration from the royalties paid by us, and that we shall be entitled to offset such royalty payments due and payable to Preprogen
by amounts equal to certain other payments otherwise due and payable to us by Preprogen pursuant to the terms of the Preprogen Agreement.
At December 31, 2018, we revalued our investment in Preprogen to $222,000, recording an impairment of $278,000. At December 31, 2019,
we revalued our investment in Preprogen to $0, recording an impairment of $222,000.
2. MANAGEMENT STATEMENT REGARDING GOING CONCERN
The
Company currently is not generating revenue from operations, and does not anticipate generating meaningful revenue from operations or
otherwise in the short-term. The Company has historically financed its operations primarily through issuances of equity and the proceeds
from the issuance of promissory notes. In the past, the Company also provided for its cash needs by issuing Common Stock, options and
warrants for certain operating costs, including consulting and professional fees, as well as divesting its minority equity interests
and equity-linked investments.
The
Company’s history of operating losses, limited cash resources and the absence of an operating plan necessary to capitalize on the
Company’s assets raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern absent a strengthening of our cash position.
Management is currently pursuing various funding options, including seeking debt or equity financing, licensing opportunities and the
sale of certain investment holdings, as well as a strategic, merger or other transaction to obtain additional funding to continue the
development of, and to successfully commercialize, the Company’s products. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful
in its efforts. Should the Company be unable to obtain adequate financing or generate sufficient revenue in the future, the Company’s
business, result of operations, liquidity and financial condition would be materially and adversely harmed, and the Company will be unable
to continue as a going concern.
There
can be no assurance that, assuming the Company is able to strengthen its cash position, it will achieve sufficient revenue or profitable
operations to continue as a going concern.
3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
This
summary of significant accounting policies of the Company is presented to assist in understanding the Company’s financial statements.
The financial statements and notes are representations of the Company’s management, which is responsible for their integrity and
objectivity. These accounting policies conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S.
GAAP”) and have been consistently applied in the preparation of the financial statements.
Stock-based
Compensation
The
Company accounts for share-based payments granted to non-employees in accordance with ASC Topic 505, “Equity Based Payments
to Non-Employees”. The Company determines the fair value of the stock-based payment as either the fair value of the consideration
received or the fair value of the equity instruments issued, whichever is more reliably measurable. The fair value of common stock issued
for payments to nonemployees is measured at the market price on the date of grant. The fair value of equity instruments, other than common
stock, is estimated using the Black-Scholes option valuation model. In general, we recognize the fair value of the equity instruments
issued as deferred stock compensation and amortize the cost over the term of the contract.
The
Black-Scholes model is used to value the warrant on the modification date by applying the revised assumptions. The difference between
the fair value of the warrants prior to the modification and after the modification determines the incremental value. The Company has
modified warrants in connection with the issuance of certain notes and note extensions. These modified warrants were originally issued
in connection with previous private placement investments. In the case of debt issuances, the warrants were accounted for as original
issuance discount based on their relative fair values. When modified in connection with a note issuance, the Company recognizes the incremental
value as a part of the debt discount calculation, using its relative fair value in accordance with ASC Topic 470-20, “Debt with
Conversion and Other Options”. When modified in connection with note extensions, the Company recognized the incremental value
as prepaid interest, which is expensed over the term of the extension. During the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company
recorded incremental expenses related to warrants of $0 and $0, respectively.
Cash
and Cash Equivalents
The
Company considers all highly liquid investments and short-term debt instruments with maturities of three months or less from date of
purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consisted of money market funds at December 31, 2021 and 2020.
Concentration
of Risks
Financial
instruments that potentially expose the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents. The
Company primarily maintains its cash balances with financial institutions in federally insured accounts. At times, such balances may
exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses to date resulting from this practice. At December 31, 2021,
the Company’s cash balances were within the federally insured limits.
Earnings
per Share
The
Company computes net income (loss) per common share in accordance with ASC Topic 260. Net income (loss) per share is based upon the weighted
average number of outstanding common shares and the dilutive effect of common share equivalents, such as options and warrants to purchase
Common Stock, convertible preferred stock and convertible notes, if applicable, that are outstanding each year. During the year ended
December 31, 2021, basic and diluted earnings per share were the same at the reporting dates of the accompanying financial statements,
as including Common Stock equivalents in the calculation of diluted earnings per share would have been antidilutive.
As
of December 31, 2021, the Company had outstanding warrants exercisable for 15,000,000 shares of its Common Stock, and preferred shares
convertible into 6,196,893 shares of its Common Stock. The Company has reserved for issuance 860,000 shares of its Series B Preferred
stock to certain investors in connection with the 2017 Bridge Notes. As of December 31, 2021, the Company has estimated and reserved
for issuance approximately 20.0 million shares of Common Stock for a future conversion of its issued and outstanding Convertible Notes
Payable.
As
of December 31, 2020, the Company had outstanding warrants exercisable for 15,000,000 shares of its Common Stock, and preferred shares
convertible into 6,196,893 shares of its Common Stock. The Company has reserved for issuance 860,000 shares of its Series B Preferred
stock to certain investors in connection with the 2017 Bridge Notes. As of December 31, 2020, the Company has estimated and reserved
for issuance approximately 20.0 million shares of Common Stock for a future conversion of its issued and outstanding Convertible Notes
Payable.
Fair
Value of Financial Instruments
U.S.
GAAP establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority
to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurement) and the lowest priority to unobservable
inputs (Level 3 measurement).
The
three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:
Level
1 – Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Active markets are those in which transactions
for the asset or liability occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.
Level
2 – Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets included in Level 1, which are either directly or indirectly
observable as of the reporting date. Level 2 includes those financial instruments that are valued using models or other valuation methodologies.
These models are primarily industry-standard models that consider various assumptions, including quoted forward prices for commodities,
time value, volatility factors, and current market and contractual prices for the underlying instruments, as well as other relevant economic
measures. Substantially all of these assumptions are observable in the marketplace throughout the full term of the instrument, can be
derived from observable data or are supported by observable levels at which transactions are executed in the marketplace.
Level
3 – Pricing inputs include significant inputs that are generally unobservable from objective sources. These inputs may be used
with internally developed methodologies that result in management’s best estimate of fair value. Level 3 instruments include those
that may be more structured or otherwise tailored to the Company’s needs.
The
Company has adopted ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” for both financial and nonfinancial assets
and liabilities. The Company has not elected the fair value option for any of its assets or liabilities. The Company’s assets and
liabilities are stated at or near fair value
Impairments
We
assess the impairment of long-lived assets, including our other intangible assets, at least annually or whenever events or changes in
circumstances indicate that their carrying value may not be recoverable. The determination of related estimated useful lives and whether
or not these assets are impaired involves significant judgments, related primarily to the future profitability and/or future value of
the assets. Changes in our strategic plan and/or market conditions could significantly impact these judgments and could require adjustments
to recorded asset balances. We hold investments in companies having operations or technologies in areas, which are within, or adjacent
to our strategic focus when acquired, all of which are privately held and whose values are difficult to determine. We record an investment
impairment charge if we believe an investment has experienced a decline in value that is other than temporary. Future changes in our
strategic direction, adverse changes in market conditions or poor operating results of underlying investments could result in losses
or an inability to recover the carrying value of the investments that may not be reflected in an investment’s current carrying
value, thereby possibly requiring an impairment charge in the future.
In
determining fair value of assets, the Company bases estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed
to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about carrying values of assets that
are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual fair value may differ from management estimates resulting in potential impairments
causing material changes to certain assets and results of operations.
PREPROGEN:
During the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, we recorded non-cash expense of $278,000 and
$222,000, respectively on the value of its investment in Preprogen. As of December 31, 2019, the Company has fully impaired its
investment in PREPROGEN due to continued delays in material and sustainable progress related to operations.
Income
Taxes
The
Company accounts for income taxes and the related accounts under the liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined
based on the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the income tax bases of assets and liabilities. A valuation
allowance is applied against any net deferred tax asset if, based on available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all
of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
Our
policy is to recognize interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. We had no accrual for interest
or penalties on our balance sheets at December 31, 2021 or 2020; and have not recognized interest and/or penalties in the statement of
operations for the years ended December 31, 2021 or 2020. See Note 7, Income Taxes, below.
Intangible
Assets
The
Company’s intangible assets consist of patents, licensed patents and patent rights, and website development costs, and are carried
at the legal cost to obtain them. Costs to renew or extend the term of intangible assets are expensed when incurred. In 2008, through
our formerly majority owned subsidiary, the Company also held technology licenses and other acquired intangibles. Intangible assets are
amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life. Useful lives are as follows: patents, 17 years; patents under
licensing, 10 years; website development costs, three years, and in 2008, acquired intangibles had a weighted average life of 15 years.
The Company has fully amortized its Intangible Assets as of December 31, 2021.
On
December 15, 2017, the Company entered into an agreement with Preprogen, as amended October 8, 2018, pursuant
to which the parties agreed to the sale, assignment, and license-back of the Purchased Assets, including intellectual property transferred
to Preprogen necessary to the development, manufacture, marketing and sale of the Company’s OTC miniform products for the feminine
hygiene and hemorrhoid treatment markets.
Inventories
Inventories,
consisting solely of products available for sale, are accounted for using the first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) method,
and are valued at the lower of cost of market value. This valuation requires us to make judgments, based on current market conditions,
about the likely method of dispositions and expected recoverable value inventories.
Property
and Equipment
Property
and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets.
The Company’s property and equipment at December 31, 2021 and 2020 consisted of computer and office equipment, machinery and equipment
and leasehold improvements with estimated useful lives of three to seven years. Estimated useful lives of leasehold improvements do not
exceed the remaining lease term. Depreciation expense was $0 and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Expenditures
for repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred.
Research
and Development Costs
Research
and development costs are expensed as incurred. The cost of intellectual property purchased from others that is immediately marketable
or that has an alternative future use is capitalized and amortized as intangible assets. Capitalized costs are amortized using the straight-line
method over the estimated economic life of the related asset.
Reclassifications
Prior
period financial statement amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation. The reclassifications had no effect
on net loss or earnings per share.
Use
of Estimates
The
accompanying financial statements are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America,
and include certain estimates and assumptions which affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial
statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Accordingly, actual results may differ from
those estimates.
Recent
Accounting Pronouncements
As
of December 31, 2021, the Company does not expect any of the recently issued accounting pronouncements to have a material impact on its
financial condition or results of operations.
4. INVESTMENTS
In
December 2018, we acquired a 15% interest in Preprogen LLC pursuant to the Preprogen Transaction. On October 8, 2018, the Preprogen Agreement
was amended to provide for, among other things, the release of funds held in escrow related to the manufacture of the miniform pads (the
“Preprogen Amendment”), which resulted in both parties receiving $200,583 in cash. As consideration for the Preprogen
Amendment, we agreed to pay Preprogen a royalty of 5% from the sale of all over-the-counter miniform products; provided, however,
that such royalty payments shall terminate when Preprogen has received $200,000 in aggregate consideration from the royalties paid
by us, and that we shall be entitled to offset such royalty payments due and payable to Preprogen by amounts equal to certain other payments
otherwise due and payable to us by Preprogen pursuant to the terms of the Preprogen Agreement. At December 31, 2019, we revalued our
investment in Preprogen to $0, recording an impairment of $222,000.
5. CONVERTIBLE NOTES PAYABLE
In
July 2014, the Company issued Bridge Notes in aggregate principal amount of $768,694 to outside investors and $102,000 to Mr. Michael
Abrams, a director of the Company. The notes matured on June 30, 2015 and are currently in default.
During
2014 and 2015, the Company issued Bridge Notes in aggregate principal amount of $371,500. The notes matured on December 31, 2015 and
are currently in default.
In
March 2016, the Company issued a promissory note in aggregate principal amount of $283,000. The note matured on December 31, 2018 and
is currently in default.
In
July and August 2017, the Company issued Bridge Notes in the aggregate principal amount of $86,000. The notes matured on September 30,
2017 and are currently in default.
During
the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company paid three noteholders an aggregate of $60,750 to settle $121,500 of note principal plus
$47,635 of accrued interest.
The
schedule below shows issuance activity by year of issuance. There have been no issuances of Bridge Notes since 2017:
SCHEDULE
OF ISSUANCE ACTIVITY
| |
2014 | | |
2014-15 | | |
2016 | | |
2017 | | |
Total | |
Principal | |
$ | 768,694 | | |
$ | 371,500 | | |
$ | 283,000 | | |
$ | 86,000 | | |
$ | 1,509,194 | |
Repurchased | |
$ | - | | |
$ | (121,500 | ) | |
$ | - | | |
$ | - | | |
$ | (121,500 | ) |
Related Party | |
$ | 102,000 | | |
$ | - | | |
$ | - | | |
$ | - | | |
$ | 102,000 | |
Total | |
$ | 870,694 | | |
$ | 250,000 | | |
$ | 283,000 | | |
$ | 86,000 | | |
$ | 1,489,694 | |
| |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | |
Maturity Date | |
| 6/30/2015 | | |
| 12/31/2015 | | |
| 12/31/2018 | | |
| 9/30/2017 | | |
| | |
Stated Interest | |
| 8 | % | |
| 10 | % | |
| 10 | % | |
| 10 | % | |
| | |
Default Interest | |
| 12 | % | |
| 18 | % | |
| 18 | % | |
| 18 | % | |
| | |
At
December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company’s Convertible Notes Payable are as follows:
SCHEDULE
OF CONVERTIBLE NOTES PAYABLE
| |
December
31, 2021 | | |
December
31, 2020 | |
Notes Payable | |
$ | 1,387,694 | | |
$ | 1,387,694 | |
Accrued Interest | |
| 1,067,644 | | |
| 866,226 | |
Notes Payable, related party | |
| 102,000 | | |
| 102,000 | |
Accrued Interest, related party | |
| 79,490 | | |
| 251 | |
Total notes payable | |
$ | 2,636,828 | | |
$ | 2,420,171 | |
Notes
Payable, Related Party.
As
of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company owed Mr. Abrams, a director of the Company, an aggregate total of $181,490 and $166,251, respectively,
for outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest on certain Bridge Notes.
6. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
In
December 2017, Company committed to share in fees and costs of 50% the of the future manufacturing costs for the miniform pads. The Company
and Preprogen agreed that the Company’s expenses shall not exceed $400,000. The Company has reserved that same amount in an escrow
account until an acceptable manufacturer is identified by Preprogen and the Company. On October 8, 2018, the agreement was amended to
provide for, among other things, the release of funds held in escrow related to the manufacture of the miniform pads, which resulted
in both parties receiving $200,583 in cash. As consideration for the Preprogen Amendment, the Company agreed to pay Preprogen a royalty
of 5% from the sale of all over-the-counter miniform products; provided, however, that such royalty payments shall terminate when Preprogen
has received $200,000 in aggregate consideration from the royalties paid by the Company, and that the Company shall be entitled to offset
such royalty payments due and payable to Preprogen by amounts equal to certain other payments otherwise due and payable to the Company
by Preprogen pursuant to the terms of the Preprogen Agreement.
7. INCOME TAXES
Pursuant
to ASC 740, income taxes are provided for based upon the liability method of accounting. Under this approach, deferred income taxes are
recorded to reflect the tax consequences on future years of differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their financial
reporting amounts at each year-end.
We
are subject to taxation in the U.S. and the state of Oregon. The Company is not current on its tax filings and is subject to examination
until the filings take place.
At
December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company had gross deferred tax assets calculated at an expected blended rate of 21% and 21%, respectively,
of approximately $6,446,000 and $6,411,000, respectively, principally arising from net operating loss carryforwards for income tax purposes.
As management of the Company cannot determine that it is more likely than not that the Company will realize the benefit of the deferred
tax asset, a valuation allowance of $6,446,000 and $6,411,000 has been established at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Topic
740 in the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC 740”) prescribes recognition threshold and measurement attributes
for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. ASC 740 also
provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition.
At December 31, 2021, the Company had taken no tax positions that would require disclosure under ASC 740.
The
Company has analyzed its filing positions in all jurisdictions where it is required to file income tax returns and found no positions
that would require a liability for unrecognized income tax benefits to be recognized. We are subject to examinations for all unfiled
tax years. We deduct interest and penalties as interest expense on the financial statements.
Additionally,
the future utilization of our net operating loss and R&D credit carryforwards to offset future taxable income may be subject to an
annual limitation, pursuant to IRC Sections 382 and 383, as a result of ownership changes that may have occurred previously or that could
occur in the future.
There
is no unrecognized tax benefit included in the balance sheet that would, if recognized, affect the effective tax rate.
SCHEDULE
OF DEFERRED TAX ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
| |
2021 | | |
2020 | |
Gross deferred tax assets: | |
| | | |
| | |
Net operating
loss carryforwards | |
$ | 5,636,000 | | |
$ | 5,581,000 | |
Stock based expenses | |
| 50,000 | | |
| 70,000 | |
Tax credit carryforwards | |
| 200,000 | | |
| 200,000 | |
All others | |
| 560,000 | | |
| 560,000 | |
Total
deferred tax assets, net | |
| 6,446,000 | | |
| 6,411,000 | |
| |
| | | |
| | |
Deferred tax asset valuation allowance | |
| (6,446,000 | ) | |
| (6,411,000 | ) |
Net deferred tax asset (liability) | |
$ | - | | |
$ | - | |
At
December 31, 2020, the Company has net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $6,411,000. The net change in the allowance account
was an increase of approximately $35,000 and a decrease of approximately $2,100,000 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
In
December 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive
tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cut and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”). The Tax Act establishes new tax
laws that affects 2018 and future years, including a reduction in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate to 21% effective January
1, 2018, for certain deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities. In December 2017, the SEC
staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“SAB 118”),
which allows us to record provisional amounts during a measurement period not to extend beyond one year of the enactment date. The Company
has evaluated SAB 118, and has determined that no provisional amounts are necessary due to on-going losses.
8. CAPITAL STOCK
Preferred
Stock
The
Company has authorized 25,000,000 shares of preferred stock, of which 20,500,000 is designated as Series B Convertible Preferred Stock,
$0.01 par value, with an aggregate stated value of approximately $204,000 (“Series B Preferred”). The remaining authorized
preferred shares have not been designated by the Company as of December 31, 2021.
On
November 19, 2010, the Company filed a Certificate of Withdrawal of the Certificates of Designations of the Series A Preferred Stock
(“Series A Preferred”) with the Nevada Secretary of State, as there were no shares of Series A Preferred issued and
outstanding after the exchange transaction discussed below.
Series
B Convertible Preferred Stock
The
Company has authorized 20,500,000 shares of Series B Preferred, $0.01 par value. The Series B Preferred ranks prior to the Common Stock
for purposes of liquidation preference, and to all other classes and series of equity securities of the Company that by their terms did
not rank senior to the Series B Preferred (“Junior Stock”). Holders of the Series B Preferred are entitled to receive
cash dividends, when, as and if declared by the Board of Directors, and they shall be entitled to receive an amount equal to the cash
dividend declared on one share of Common Stock multiplied by the number of shares of Common Stock equal to the outstanding shares of
Series B Preferred, on an as converted basis. The holders of Series B Preferred have voting rights to vote as a class on matters a) amending,
altering or repealing the provisions of the Series B Preferred so as to adversely affect any right, preference, privilege or voting power
of the Series B Preferred; or b) to affect any distribution with respect to Junior Stock. At any time, the holders of Series B Preferred
may, subject to limitations, elect to convert all or any portion of their Series B Preferred into fully paid nonassessable shares of
Common Stock at a 1:1 conversion rate.
During
the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company completed the purchase of 10,480,049 shares of Series B Preferred (the “Purchased
Shares”) from an institutional shareholder for an aggregate purchase price of $20,000. Following this transaction, the shareholder
no longer holds shares in the Company.
As
of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company had 6,196,893 shares of Series B Preferred Stock issued and outstanding. As of December 31,
2021, the Series B Preferred Stock had a liquidation preference of $61,969 and convertible into 6,196,893 shares of Common Stock.
As
of December 31, 2021, the Company had reserved for issuance 860,000 shares of its Series B Preferred Stock in connection with Convertible
Notes Payable.
Common
Stock
The
Company has authorized 150,000,000 shares of its Common Stock, $0.01 par value. The Company had issued and outstanding 78,696,461 shares
of its Common Stock at December 31, 2021 and 2020.
On
February 3, 2015, the Board of Directors granted an aggregate of 2.3 million stock options to its executive management at an exercise
price of $0.04 per share. The options have a five-year term and are fully vested on the date of grant. As of December 31, 2020, the options
expired and are no longer issued and outstanding.
In
July 2016, the Company authorized an aggregate total of 8.9 million shares of Common Stock to be issued to certain convertible note holders
as payment of accrued and unpaid interest in the amount of $151,700.
9. COMMON STOCK OPTIONS
In
2007, the Company adopted the 2007 Incentive and Non-Qualified Stock Option Plan (the “Plan”), which replaced the
1997 Incentive and Non-Qualified Stock Option Plan, as amended in 2001, and under which 8,000,000 shares of Common Stock are reserved
for issuance under qualified options, nonqualified options, stock appreciation rights and other awards as set forth in the Plan.
Under
the Plan, qualified options are available for issuance to employees of the Company and non-qualified options are available for issuance
to consultants and advisors. The Plan provides that the exercise price of a qualified option cannot be less than the fair market value
on the date of grant and the exercise price of a nonqualified option must be determined on the date of grant. Options granted under the
Plan generally vest three to five years from the date of grant and generally expire ten years from the date of grant.
During
the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, no stock options were granted by the Company.
The
following is a summary of all Common Stock option activity during the year ended December 31, 2021 and 2020:
SCHEDULE
OF COMMON STOCK OPTION ACTIVITY
| |
Shares
Under Options
Outstanding | | |
Weighted
Average Exercise
Price | |
Outstanding at December 31, 2019 | |
| 2,300,000 | | |
$ | 0.04 | |
Options granted | |
| - | | |
| - | |
Options forfeited | |
| (2,300,000 | ) | |
| 0.04 | |
Options exercised | |
| - | | |
| - | |
Outstanding at December 31, 2020 | |
| - | | |
| - | |
Options granted | |
| - | | |
| - | |
Options forfeited | |
| - | | |
| - | |
Options exercised | |
| - | | |
| - | |
Outstanding at December 31, 2021 | |
| - | | |
$ | - | |
| |
Options Exercisable | | |
Weighted
Average Exercise Price Per Share | |
Exercisable at December 31, 2020 | |
| - | | |
$ | - | |
Exercisable at December 31, 2021 | |
| - | | |
$ | - | |
The
following represents additional information related to Common Stock options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2021:
SCHEDULE
OF COMMON STOCK OPTIONS OUTSTANDING AND EXERCISABLE
| | |
| | |
Outstanding
and Exercisable | |
Exercise Price | | |
Number
of Shares | | |
Weighted
Average Remaining Contract
Life in Years | | |
Weighted Average Exercise
Price | |
$ | - | | |
| - | | |
| - | | |
$ | - | |
10. RELATED PARTY
In
November 2018, the Company authorized payment of $3,500 per month to Dr. Hirschman for his services as Chief Executive Officer and $3,500
to Mr. Abrams for his services as a Director.
During
the year ended December 31, 2020, Dr. Hirschman received aggregate compensation of $3,500 of consulting fees for services as Chief Executive
Officer. Dr. Hirschman waived consulting fees for calendar years 2021 and 2020. Mr. Abrams waived consulting fees for the calendar years
2021 and 2020.
As
of December 31, 2021 and 2020, we owed Mr. Abrams, a director of the Company, an aggregate of $181,490 and $166,251, respectively, for
outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest due pursuant to certain Bridge Notes.
11. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On
April 12, 2022, the Company received a shareholder loan in the amount of $25,000.