Form 10-Q - Quarterly report [Sections 13 or 15(d)]

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

__________________________________________

FORM 10-Q

__________________________________________


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number: 1-2328

GATX Corporation

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


New York			36-1124040
(State of incorporation)			(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

233 South Wacker Drive

Chicago, Illinois 60606-7147

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

(312) 621-6200

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock	GATX	New York Stock Exchange
	GATX	Chicago Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

☒

Large accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

Accelerated filer

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

There were 35.5 million common shares outstanding at September 30, 2024.

GATX CORPORATION

FORM 10-Q

QUARTERLY REPORT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024

INDEX


Item No.		Page No.
	Forward-Looking Statements	1

Part I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1	Financial Statements
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)	2
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity (Unaudited)	5

	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
	Note 1. Description of Business	6
	Note 2. Basis of Presentation	6
	Note 3. Revenue	7
	Note 4. Operating Assets and Facilities	8
	Note 5. Leases	8
	Note 6. Fair Value	9
	Note 7. Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits	13
	Note 8. Share-Based Compensation	14
	Note 9. Income Taxes	14
	Note 10. Commercial Commitments	14
	Note 11. Earnings per Share	15
	Note 12. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	16
	Note 13. Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies	16
	Note 14. Financial Data of Business Segments	18

Item 2	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
	Overview	23
	Discussion of Operating Results	23
	Segment Operations	24
	Cash Flow Discussion	40
	Liquidity and Capital Resources	43
	Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates	45
	Non-GAAP Financial Measures	46
Item 3	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	47
Item 4	Controls and Procedures	48

Part II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1	Legal Proceedings	49
Item 1A	Risk Factors	49
Item 2	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	49
Item 5	Other Information	49
Item 6	Exhibits	50
SIGNATURE		51

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Statements in this report not based on historical facts are "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and, accordingly, involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties that are difficult to predict and could cause our actual results, performance, or achievements to differ materially from those discussed. Forward-looking statements include statements as to our future expectations, beliefs, plans, strategies, objectives, events, conditions, financial performance, prospects, or future events. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as "may," "could," "expect," "intend," "plan," "seek," "anticipate," "believe," "estimate," "predict," "potential," "outlook," "continue," "likely," "will," "would," and similar words and phrases. Forward-looking statements are necessarily based on estimates and assumptions that, while considered reasonable by us and our management, are inherently uncertain. Accordingly, you should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date they are made, and are not guarantees of future performance. We do not undertake any obligation to publicly update or revise these forward-looking statements.

The following factors, in addition to those discussed under "Risk Factors" and elsewhere in our filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, including our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 and any subsequent reports on Form 10-Q, could cause actual results to differ materially from our current expectations expressed in forward-looking statements:


•a significant decline in customer demand for our transportation assets or services, including as a result of: ◦prolonged inflation or deflation ◦high interest rates ◦weak macroeconomic conditions and world trade policies ◦weak market conditions in our customers' businesses ◦adverse changes in the price of, or demand for, commodities ◦changes in railroad operations, efficiency, pricing and service offerings, including those related to "precision scheduled railroading" or labor strikes or shortages ◦changes in, or disruptions to, supply chains ◦availability of pipelines, trucks, and other alternative modes of transportation ◦changes in conditions affecting the aviation industry, including global conflicts, geographic exposure and customer concentrations ◦customers' desire to buy, rather than lease, our transportation assets ◦other operational or commercial needs or decisions of our customers •inability to maintain our transportation assets on lease at satisfactory rates due to oversupply of assets in the market or other changes in supply and demand •competitive factors in our primary markets, including competitors with significantly lower costs of capital •higher costs associated with increased assignments of our transportation assets following non-renewal of leases, customer defaults, and compliance maintenance programs or other maintenance initiatives •events having an adverse impact on assets, customers, or regions where we have a concentrated investment exposure •financial and operational risks associated with long-term purchase commitments for transportation assets •reduced opportunities to generate asset remarketing income •inability to successfully consummate and manage ongoing acquisition and divestiture activities •reliance on Rolls-Royce in connection with our aircraft spare engine leasing businesses, and the risks that certain factors that adversely affect Rolls-Royce could have an adverse effect on our businesses •potential obsolescence of our assets						•risks related to our international operations and expansion into new geographic markets, including laws, regulations, tariffs, taxes, treaties or trade barriers affecting our activities in the countries where we do business •failure to successfully negotiate collective bargaining agreements with the unions representing a substantial portion of our employees •inability to attract, retain, and motivate qualified personnel, including key management personnel •inability to maintain and secure our information technology infrastructure from cybersecurity threats and related disruption of our business •exposure to damages, fines, criminal and civil penalties, and reputational harm arising from a negative outcome in litigation, including claims arising from an accident involving transportation assets •changes in, or failure to comply with, laws, rules, and regulations •environmental liabilities and remediation costs •operational, functional and regulatory risks associated with climate change, severe weather events and natural disasters, and other environmental, social and governance matters •U.S. and global political conditions and the impact of increased geopolitical tension and wars, including the ongoing war between Russia and Ukraine and resulting sanctions and countermeasures, on domestic and global economic conditions in general, including supply chain challenges and disruptions •prolonged inflation or deflation •fluctuations in foreign exchange rates •deterioration of conditions in the capital markets, reductions in our credit ratings, or increases in our financing costs •the emergence of new variants of COVID-19 or the occurrence of another widespread health crisis and the impact of measures taken in response •inability to obtain cost-effective insurance •changes in assumptions, increases in funding requirements or investment losses in our pension and post-retirement plans •inadequate allowances to cover credit losses in our portfolio •asset impairment charges we may be required to recognize •inability to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)

(In millions, except share data)


	September 30		December 31
	2024		2023
Assets
Cash and Cash Equivalents	$	503.7	$	450.7
Restricted Cash	0.1		0.1

Receivables
Rent and other receivables	93.9		87.9

Finance leases (as lessor)	124.8		136.4
Less: allowance for losses	(5.3)		(5.9)
	213.4		218.4

Operating Assets and Facilities	14,243.1		13,081.9
Less: allowance for depreciation	(3,866.7)		(3,670.7)
	10,376.4		9,411.2
Lease Assets (as lessee)
Right-of-use assets, net of accumulated depreciation	173.5		212.0

	173.5		212.0

Investments in Affiliated Companies	690.3		627.0
Goodwill	120.9		120.0
Other Assets (includes $0.4 and $0.8 related to assets held for sale)	301.6		286.6
Total Assets	$	12,379.9	$	11,326.0

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses	$	210.1	$	239.6
Debt
Commercial paper and borrowings under bank credit facilities	11.1		11.0
Recourse	8,293.5		7,388.1
	8,304.6		7,399.1
Lease Obligations (as lessee)
Operating leases	187.5		226.8

	187.5		226.8

Deferred Income Taxes	1,132.2		1,081.1
Other Liabilities	108.8		106.4
Total Liabilities	9,943.2		9,053.0
Shareholders’ Equity
Common stock, $0.625 par value: Authorized shares — 120,000,000 Issued shares — 69,037,897 and 68,797,027 Outstanding shares — 35,539,311 and 35,464,841	42.7		42.5
Additional paid in capital	840.9		816.1
Retained earnings	3,153.0		3,009.5
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(150.6)		(167.6)
Treasury stock at cost (33,498,586 and 33,332,186 shares)	(1,449.3)		(1,427.5)
Total Shareholders’ Equity	2,436.7		2,273.0
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity	$	12,379.9	$	11,326.0

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)

(In millions, except per share data)


	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Revenues
Lease revenue	$	351.7	$	317.2	$	1,024.6	$	927.8
Non-dedicated engine revenue	18.1		13.6		45.0		24.5
Marine operating revenue	—		0.6		—		6.1
Other revenue	35.6		28.7		102.4		83.8
Total Revenues	405.4		360.1		1,172.0		1,042.2
Expenses
Maintenance expense	95.9		87.9		283.9		254.1
Marine operating expense	—		1.0		—		5.4
Depreciation expense	103.4		96.2		297.9		278.1
Operating lease expense	8.0		9.0		26.0		27.0
Other operating expense	14.1		12.0		41.5		34.0
Selling, general and administrative expense	57.2		51.0		171.7		153.4
Total Expenses	278.6		257.1		821.0		752.0
Other Income (Expense)
Net gain on asset dispositions	48.5		16.9		110.3		105.1
Interest expense, net	(88.9)		(68.1)		(249.5)		(190.8)
Other (expense) income	(0.9)		1.8		(10.9)		(7.1)
Income before Income Taxes and Share of Affiliates’ Earnings	85.5		53.6		200.9		197.4
Income taxes	(22.9)		(14.5)		(51.9)		(52.3)
Share of affiliates' earnings, net of taxes	26.4		13.4		58.7		48.1
Net Income	$	89.0	$	52.5	$	207.7	$	193.2
Other Comprehensive Income, Net of Taxes
Foreign currency translation adjustments	$	33.8	$	(40.6)	$	11.8	$	(8.7)

Unrealized gain on derivative instruments	0.4		0.8		0.7		1.4
Post-retirement benefit plans	—		(2.0)		4.5		(1.0)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	34.2		(41.8)		17.0		(8.3)
Comprehensive Income	$	123.2	$	10.7	$	224.7	$	184.9

Share Data
Basic earnings per share	$	2.44	$	1.44	$	5.70	$	5.32
Average number of common shares	35.8		35.7		35.8		35.6

Diluted earnings per share	$	2.43	$	1.44	$	5.68	$	5.30
Average number of common shares and common share equivalents	35.9		35.8		35.9		35.7

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)

(In millions)


	Nine Months Ended September 30
	2024		2023
Operating Activities
Net income	$	207.7	$	193.2

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization expense	311.8		289.8

Net gains on disposition of owned assets	(110.0)		(105.6)
Asset impairments	—		1.2
Deferred income taxes	42.0		38.7
Share of affiliates’ earnings, net of dividends	(58.7)		(48.1)
Changes in working capital items	3.3		30.9
Net cash provided by operating activities	396.1		400.1
Investing Activities



Portfolio investments and capital additions	(1,325.1)		(1,237.5)
Portfolio proceeds	171.7		208.2
Proceeds from sales of other assets	20.2		16.4
Proceeds from short-term investments	—		150.0
Other	1.8		2.3
Net cash used in investing activities	(1,131.4)		(860.6)
Financing Activities
Net proceeds from issuances of debt (original maturities longer than 90 days)	1,297.0		909.2
Repayments of debt (original maturities longer than 90 days)	(413.5)		(500.0)
Net decrease in debt with original maturities of 90 days or less	—		(5.0)
Stock repurchases	(21.8)		—
Dividends	(63.9)		(60.7)
Purchases of assets previously on finance leases	(30.4)		—
Other	21.7		16.4
Net cash provided by financing activities	789.1		359.9
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash	(0.8)		(0.2)
Net increase (decrease) in Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash during the period	53.0		(100.8)
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash at beginning of the period	450.8		304.0
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash at end of the period	$	503.8	$	203.2

Non-Cash Financing Transactions
Non-cash financing lease transactions (1)	$	30.1	$	—

_________

(1) Non-cash financing lease transactions are a result of the reclassification from operating lease liability to finance lease liability upon notice of the intent to exercise an early buy-out option.

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Unaudited)

(In millions, except per share data)


	Three Months Ended September 30						Nine Months Ended September 30
	2024			2023			2024			2023
	Shares	Dollars		Shares	Dollars		Shares	Dollars		Shares	Dollars
Common Stock
Balance at beginning of the period	69.0	$	42.7	68.8	$	42.5	68.8	$	42.5	68.6	$	42.4
Issuance of common stock	—	—		—	—		0.2	0.2		0.2	0.1
Balance at end of the period	69.0	42.7		68.8	42.5		69.0	42.7		68.8	42.5
Treasury Stock
Balance at beginning of the period	(33.4)	(1,436.3)		(33.3)	(1,424.9)		(33.3)	(1,427.5)		(33.3)	(1,424.9)
Stock repurchases	(0.1)	(13.0)		—	—		(0.2)	(21.8)		—	—
Balance at end of the period	(33.5)	(1,449.3)		(33.3)	(1,424.9)		(33.5)	(1,449.3)		(33.3)	(1,424.9)
Additional Paid In Capital
Balance at beginning of the period		836.4			807.8			816.1			792.2
Share-based compensation effects		4.5			5.3			24.8			20.9
Balance at end of the period		840.9			813.1			840.9			813.1
Retained Earnings
Balance at beginning of the period		3,085.4			2,931.6			3,009.5			2,831.5
Net income		89.0			52.5			207.7			193.2
Dividends declared ($0.58 and $0.55 per share QTR and $1.74 and $1.65 YTD)		(21.4)			(20.4)			(64.2)			(61.0)

Balance at end of the period		3,153.0			2,963.7			3,153.0			2,963.7
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balance at beginning of the period		(184.8)			(178.1)			(167.6)			(211.6)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		34.2			(41.8)			17.0			(8.3)

Balance at end of the period		(150.6)			(219.9)			(150.6)			(219.9)
Total Shareholders' Equity		$	2,436.7		$	2,174.5		$	2,436.7		$	2,174.5

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

NOTE 1. Description of Business

As used herein, "GATX," "we," "us," "our," and similar terms refer to GATX Corporation and its subsidiaries, unless indicated otherwise.

We lease, operate, manage, and remarket long-lived, widely used assets, primarily in the rail market. We report our financial results through three primary business segments: Rail North America, Rail International, and Engine Leasing (previously named Portfolio Management). Financial results for our tank container leasing business ("Trifleet") are reported in the Other segment.

In the first quarter of 2024, we changed the name of our Portfolio Management business segment to Engine Leasing to reflect the prospective operations of this business segment. Historically, this business segment included marine operations from our liquefied gas-carrying vessels (the "Specialized Gas Vessels"). As of December 31, 2023, we had sold all of our marine assets and no longer have any marine operations. The segment is now almost entirely composed of our engine leasing operations, which include our ownership interest in the RRPF affiliates, a group of joint ventures with Rolls-Royce plc (or affiliates thereof, collectively "Rolls-Royce") that lease aircraft spare engines, and GATX Engine Leasing ("GEL"), our business that directly owns aircraft spare engines that are leased to airline customers or employed in an engine capacity agreement.

NOTE 2. Basis of Presentation

We prepared the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP") for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required for complete financial statements. We have included all of the normal recurring adjustments that we deemed necessary for a fair presentation.

Operating results for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results we may achieve for the entire year ending December 31, 2024. In particular, asset remarketing income does not occur evenly throughout the year. For more information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

New Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted


Standard/Description	Effective Date and Adoption Considerations	Effect on Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
Segment Reporting In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, particularly around the disclosure of segment expenses that are regularly reported to the chief operating decision maker ("CODM") and included within each reported measure of segment profit.	The new guidance is effective for us beginning with our 2024 Form 10-K, with early adoption permitted. We plan to adopt this standard for our 2024 Form 10-K.	We have completed a preliminary assessment and do not anticipate any significant changes in our existing segment disclosures upon adoption.
Income Taxes In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, to enhance disclosures for the effective rate reconciliation and income taxes paid.	The new guidance is effective for us beginning with our 2025 Form 10-K, with early adoption permitted.	We continue to assess the effect the new guidance will have on our disclosures. We expect the primary impact to be the level of disaggregation disclosed in the effective rate reconciliation table and the addition of income taxes paid by jurisdiction.

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)

NOTE 3. Revenue

Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services.

We disaggregate revenue into four categories as presented on our statement of comprehensive income:

Lease Revenue

Lease revenue, which includes operating lease revenue and finance lease revenue, is our primary source of revenue.

Operating Lease Revenue

We lease railcars, locomotives, aircraft spare engines, and tank containers under full-service and net operating leases. We price full-service leases as an integrated service that includes amounts related to maintenance, insurance, and ad valorem taxes. We do not offer stand-alone maintenance service contracts. Operating lease revenue is within the scope of Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 842 "Leases" ("Topic 842"), and we have elected not to separate non-lease components from the associated lease component for qualifying leases. Operating lease revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the underlying lease. As a result, lease revenue may not be recognized in the same period as maintenance and other costs, which we expense as incurred. Variable rents are recognized when applicable contingencies are resolved. Revenue is not recognized if collectability is not reasonably assured. See "Note 5. Leases".

Finance Lease Revenue

In certain cases, we lease railcars and tank containers that, at lease inception, are classified as finance leases. In accordance with Topic 842, finance lease revenue is recognized using the effective interest method, using the interest rate implicit in the lease. See "Note 5. Leases".

Non-Dedicated Engine Revenue

Certain of our owned aircraft spare engines are part of a pool of non-dedicated spare engines managed under a capacity agreement with Rolls-Royce. Revenue is earned based on our continued ability to meet engine capacity requirements under the agreement, which requires us to enroll a minimum number of engines in a pool of non-dedicated spare engines for short-term lease to Rolls-Royce customers. We recognize revenue based on our right to receive a portion of the revenue earned by the pool, which is calculated based on the average engine flight hours reported for each type of engine enrolled into the pool.

Marine Operating Revenue

Historically, we generated marine operating revenue through shipping services completed by our marine vessels. For vessels that operated in a pooling arrangement, we recognized pool revenue based on the right to receive our portion of net distributions reported by the pool, with net distributions being the net voyage revenue of the pool after deduction of voyage expenses. For vessels that operated outside of a pooling arrangement, we recognized revenue over time as the performance obligation is satisfied, beginning when cargo is loaded through its delivery and discharge. As of the first quarter of 2024, we no longer have marine operating revenue, as all marine vessels were sold as of December 31, 2023.

Other Revenue

Other revenue is composed of customer liability repair revenue, termination fees, interest income, and other miscellaneous revenues. Select components of other revenue are within the scope of ASC Topic 606, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers". Revenue attributable to terms provided in our lease contracts are variable lease components that are recognized when earned, in accordance with Topic 842.

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)

NOTE 4. Operating Assets and Facilities

The following table shows the components of our operating assets and facilities (in millions):


	September 30 2024		December 31 2023
Railcars and locomotives	$	12,703.5	$	11,700.8
Aircraft spare engines	935.8		769.7
Tank containers	256.4		237.7
Buildings, leasehold improvements, and other equipment	257.1		253.0
Other	90.3		120.7
	$	14,243.1	$	13,081.9
Less: allowance for depreciation	(3,866.7)		(3,670.7)
Net operating assets and facilities	$	10,376.4	$	9,411.2

Total depreciation expense was $108.0 million and $311.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and $100.0 million and $289.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

NOTE 5. Leases

GATX as Lessor

We lease railcars, locomotives, aircraft spare engines, and tank containers under full-service and net operating leases. We price full-service leases as an integrated service that includes amounts related to maintenance, insurance, and ad valorem taxes. In accordance with applicable guidance, we do not separate lease and non-lease components when reporting revenue for our full-service operating leases. In some cases, we lease railcars and tank containers that, at commencement, are classified as finance leases. For certain operating leases, revenue is based on equipment usage and is recognized when earned. Typically, our leases do not provide customers with renewal options or options to purchase the asset. Our lease agreements do not generally have residual value guarantees. We collect reimbursements from customers for damage to our railcars, as well as additional rental payments for usage above specified levels, as provided in the lease agreements.

The following table shows the components of our lease revenue (in millions):


	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Operating lease revenue:
Fixed lease revenue	$	320.8	$	289.7	$	937.0	$	848.2
Variable lease revenue	27.6		24.2		77.3		70.6
Total operating lease revenue	$	348.4	$	313.9	$	1,014.3	$	918.8
Finance lease revenue	3.3		3.3		10.3		9.0
Total lease revenue	$	351.7	$	317.2	$	1,024.6	$	927.8

In accordance with the terms of our leases with customers, we may earn additional revenue, primarily for customer liability repairs. This additional revenue is reported in other revenue in the statements of comprehensive income and was $29.7 million and $86.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and $23.1 million and $68.8 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)

NOTE 6. Fair Value

The assets and liabilities that GATX records at fair value on a recurring basis consisted entirely of derivatives at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

In addition, we review long-lived assets, such as operating assets and facilities, investments in affiliates, and goodwill, for impairment whenever circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of these assets may not be recoverable or when assets may be classified as held for sale. We determine the fair value of the respective assets using Level 3 inputs, including estimates of discounted future cash flows, independent appraisals, and market comparables, as applicable.

Derivative Instruments

Fair Value Hedges

We use interest rate swaps to manage the fixed-to-floating rate mix of our debt obligations by converting a portion of our fixed rate debt to floating rate debt. For fair value hedges, we recognize changes in fair value of both the derivative and the hedged item as interest expense. We had four instruments outstanding with an aggregate notional amount of $200.0 million as of September 30, 2024 with maturities ranging from 2025 to 2027 and four instruments outstanding with an aggregate notional amount of $200.0 million as of December 31, 2023 with maturities ranging from 2025 to 2027.

Cash Flow Hedges

We use Treasury rate locks and swap rate locks to hedge our exposure to interest rate risk on anticipated transactions. We also use currency swaps, forwards, and put/call options to hedge our exposure to fluctuations in the exchange rates of foreign currencies for certain loans and operating expenses denominated in non-functional currencies. We had three instruments outstanding with a notional amount of $6.6 million as of September 30, 2024 that mature in 2024 and one instrument outstanding with a notional amount of $131.0 million as of December 31, 2023 that matured in 2024. Within the next 12 months, we expect to reclassify $1.2 million ($0.9 million after-tax) of net losses on previously terminated derivatives from accumulated other comprehensive loss to interest expense. We reclassify these amounts when interest and operating lease expense on the related hedged transactions affect earnings.

Non-Designated Derivatives

We do not hold derivative financial instruments for purposes other than hedging, although certain of our derivatives are not designated as accounting hedges. We recognize changes in the fair value of these derivatives in other expense immediately.

Certain of our derivative instruments contain credit risk provisions that could require us to make immediate payment on net liability positions in the event that we default on certain outstanding debt obligations. The aggregate fair value of our derivative instruments with credit risk related contingent features that were in a liability position was $4.3 million as of September 30, 2024 and $8.0 million as of December 31, 2023. We are not required to post any collateral on our derivative instruments and do not expect the credit risk provisions to be triggered.

In the event that a counterparty fails to meet the terms of an interest rate swap agreement or a foreign exchange contract, our exposure is limited to the fair value of the swap, if in our favor. We manage the credit risk of counterparties by transacting with institutions that we consider financially sound and by avoiding concentrations of risk with a single counterparty. We believe that the risk of non-performance by any of our counterparties is remote.

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)

The following table shows our the fair value and notional amounts of our derivative assets and liabilities (in millions):


		Significant Observable Inputs (Level 2)

	Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value September 30, 2024		Fair Value December 31, 2023
Derivative Assets

Foreign exchange contracts (1)	Other assets	$	—	$	0.5


Total derivative assets		$	—	$	0.5
Derivative Liabilities
Interest rate contracts (1)	Other liabilities	$	4.3	$	8.0

Foreign exchange contracts (2)	Other liabilities	10.8		10.5
Total derivative liabilities		$	15.1	$	18.5

_________

(1) Designated as hedges.

(2) Not designated as hedges.

We value derivatives using a pricing model with inputs (such as yield curves and foreign currency rates) that are observable in the market or that can be derived principally from observable market data. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, all derivatives were classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. There were no derivatives classified as Level 1 or Level 3.

The following table shows the amounts recorded on the balance sheet related to cumulative basis adjustments for fair value hedges (in millions):


	Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)				Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Included in the Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)
Line Item in the Balance Sheet in Which the Hedged Item is Included	September 30 2024		December 31 2023		September 30 2024		December 31 2023
Recourse debt	$	(198.5)	$	(196.8)	$	(4.3)	$	(8.0)

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)

The following tables show the impacts of our derivative instruments on our statements of comprehensive income (in millions):


	Amount of (Gain) Loss Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
Derivative Designation	2024		2023		2024		2023
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships:
Foreign exchange contracts	$	—	$	(6.1)	$	(3.4)	$	(3.6)
Total	$	—	$	(6.1)	$	(3.4)	$	(3.6)


Location of Loss (Gain) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss into Earnings	Amount of Loss (Gain) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss into Earnings
	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Interest expense	$	0.4	$	0.4	$	1.2	$	1.2
Other (expense) income	—		(5.7)		(3.7)		(3.3)
Total	$	0.4	$	(5.3)	$	(2.5)	$	(2.1)

The following tables show the impact of our fair value and cash flow hedge accounting relationships, as well as the impact of our non-designated derivatives, on the statements of comprehensive income (in millions):


	Amount of (Loss) Gain Recognized in Interest Expense on Fair Value and Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Total interest expense	$	(88.9)	$	(68.1)	$	(249.5)	$	(190.8)
(Loss) gain on fair value hedging relationships
Interest rate contracts:
Hedged items	(3.1)		(0.2)		(3.7)		0.1
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	3.1		0.2		3.7		(0.1)
Loss on cash flow hedging relationships
Interest rate contracts:
Amount of loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings	(0.4)		(0.4)		(1.2)		(1.2)

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)


	Amount of (Loss) Gain Recognized in Other Expense on Cash Flow Hedging Relationships and Non-Designated Derivative Contracts
	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Total other (expense) income	$	(0.9)	$	1.8	$	(10.9)	$	(7.1)
Gain on cash flow hedging relationships
Foreign exchange contracts:
Amount of gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings (1)	—		5.7		3.7		3.3
Gain (loss) on non-designated derivative contracts (2)	0.9		3.2		(0.3)		(8.0)

_________

(1) These amounts are substantially offset by foreign currency remeasurement adjustments on related hedged instruments, also recognized in other expense.

(2) Foreign exchange contracts.

Other Financial Instruments

Except for derivatives, as disclosed above, GATX has no other assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, rent and other receivables, accounts payable, and commercial paper and borrowings under bank credit facilities with maturities under one year approximate fair value due to the short maturity of those instruments.

We estimate the fair values of fixed and floating rate debt using discounted cash flow analyses that are based on interest rates currently offered for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality. The inputs we use to estimate each of these values are classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy because they are directly or indirectly observable inputs.

The following table shows the carrying amounts and fair values of our other financial instruments (in millions):


	September 30, 2024				December 31, 2023
	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value
Liabilities
Recourse fixed rate debt	$	7,701.8	$	7,530.6	$	7,026.6	$	6,614.6
Recourse floating rate debt	591.7		600.9		361.5		362.9
Total	$	8,293.5	$	8,131.5	$	7,388.1	$	6,977.5

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)

NOTE 7. Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits

The following table shows the components of net periodic cost for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 (in millions):


	2024 Pension Benefits		2023 Pension Benefits		2024 Retiree Health and Life		2023 Retiree Health and Life
Service cost	$	1.6	$	1.3	$	—	$	—
Interest cost	4.1		4.1		0.2		0.1
Expected return on plan assets	(5.4)		(5.2)		—		—

Amortization of (1):
Unrecognized prior service credit	—		—		(0.1)		—
Unrecognized net actuarial loss (gain)	0.3		0.2		(0.1)		(0.1)
Net periodic cost	$	0.6	$	0.4	$	—	$	—

The following table shows the components of net periodic cost for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 (in millions):


	2024 Pension Benefits		2023 Pension Benefits		2024 Retiree Health and Life		2023 Retiree Health and Life
Service cost	$	4.6	$	4.0	$	0.1	$	0.1
Interest cost	12.3		12.4		0.5		0.5
Expected return on plan assets	(16.2)		(15.9)		—		—
Settlement accounting adjustment	—		1.4		—		—
Amortization of (1):
Unrecognized prior service credit	—		—		(0.2)		(0.2)
Unrecognized net actuarial loss (gain)	0.8		0.7		(0.4)		(0.4)
Net periodic cost	$	1.5	$	2.6	$	—	$	—

_________

(1) Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss.

The service cost component of net periodic cost that is recorded in selling, general and administrative expense was $1.6 million and $4.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, and $1.3 million and $4.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

The non-service components totaled income of $1.0 million and $3.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, and $0.9 million and $1.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Certain lump sum distributions paid to retirees triggered settlement accounting, resulting in the recognition of $1.4 million of expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)

NOTE 8. Share-Based Compensation

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we granted 194,100 non-qualified employee stock options, 32,114 restricted stock units, 38,940 performance shares, and 12,712 restricted stock units awarded to non-employee directors. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, total share-based compensation expense was $4.8 million and $15.6 million and the related tax benefits were $1.2 million and $3.7 million. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, total share-based compensation expense was $2.8 million and $11.4 million and the related tax benefits were $0.7 million and $2.9 million.

The estimated fair value of our 2024 non-qualified employee stock option awards and related underlying assumptions are shown in the table below:


	2024
Weighted-average estimated fair value	$	45.22
Quarterly dividend rate	$	0.58
Expected term of stock options, in years	4.2
Risk-free interest rate	4.0		%
Dividend yield	1.8		%
Expected stock price volatility	34.7		%
Present value of dividends	$	8.87

NOTE 9. Income Taxes

The following table shows our effective income tax rate for the nine months ended September 30:


	2024		2023
Effective income tax rate	25.8	%	26.5	%

The decrease in the effective rate for the current year compared to the prior year was primarily due to an increase in the incremental benefits associated with equity awards vested or exercised during the current year, a release of a Canadian tax reserve, as well as the mix of pre-tax income among domestic and foreign jurisdictions, which are taxed at different rates.

NOTE 10. Commercial Commitments

We have entered into various commercial commitments, including standby letters of credit and performance bonds. These commercial commitments require us to fulfill specific obligations in the event of third-party demands. Similar to our balance sheet investments, these commitments expose us to credit, market, and equipment risk. Accordingly, we evaluate these commitments and other contingent obligations using techniques similar to those we use to evaluate funded transactions.

The following table shows our commercial commitments (in millions):


	September 30 2024		December 31 2023
Standby letters of credit and performance bonds	$	8.7	$	8.7
Total commercial commitments (1)	$	8.7	$	8.7

_________

(1) There were no liabilities recorded on the balance sheet for commercial commitments at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. As of September 30, 2024, our outstanding commitments expire in 2024 through 2026. We are not aware of any event that would require us to satisfy any of our commitments.

We are parties to standby letters of credit and performance bonds, which primarily relate to contractual obligations and general liability insurance coverages. No material claims have been made against these obligations, and no material losses are anticipated.

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)

NOTE 11. Earnings per Share

We compute basic and diluted earnings per share using the two-class method, which is an earnings allocation calculation that determines Earnings Per Share ("EPS") for each class of common stock and participating security. Our vested and exercisable stock options contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents and are classified as participating securities in the calculation of EPS. Our unvested stock options, restricted stock units, performance shares and non-employee director awards do not contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents and are therefore not classified as participating securities.

The following table shows the computation of our basic and diluted earnings per common share (in millions, except per share amounts):


	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Basic earnings per share:
Net income	$	89.0	$	52.5	$	207.7	$	193.2
Less: Net income allocated to participating securities	(1.5)		(0.9)		(3.7)		(3.7)
Net income available to common shareholders	$	87.5	$	51.6	$	204.0	$	189.5
Weighted-average shares outstanding - basic	35.8		35.7		35.8		35.6
Basic earnings per share	$	2.44	$	1.44	$	5.70	$	5.32

Diluted earnings per share:
Net income	$	89.0	$	52.5	$	207.7	$	193.2
Less: Net income allocated to participating securities	(1.5)		(0.9)		(3.7)		(3.7)
Net income available to common shareholders	$	87.5	$	51.6	$	204.0	$	189.5
Weighted-average shares outstanding - basic	35.8		35.7		35.8		35.6
Effect of dilutive securities:
Equity compensation plans	0.1		0.1		0.1		0.1
Weighted-average shares outstanding - diluted	35.9		35.8		35.9		35.7
Diluted earnings per share	$	2.43	$	1.44	$	5.68	$	5.30

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)

NOTE 12. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The following table shows the change in components for accumulated other comprehensive loss (in millions):


	Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Unrealized Loss on Derivative Instruments		Post-Retirement Benefit Plans Adjustments		Total
Accumulated other comprehensive loss at December 31, 2023	$	(106.3)	$	(9.9)	$	(51.4)	$	(167.6)
Change in component	(14.4)		3.4		6.0		(5.0)
Reclassification adjustments into earnings (1)	—		(3.3)		—		(3.3)
Income tax effect	—		—		(1.5)		(1.5)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss at March 31, 2024	$	(120.7)	$	(9.8)	$	(46.9)	$	(177.4)
Change in component	(7.6)		—		—		(7.6)
Reclassification adjustments into earnings (1)	—		0.4		0.1		0.5
Income tax effect	—		(0.2)		(0.1)		(0.3)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss at June 30, 2024	$	(128.3)	$	(9.6)	$	(46.9)	$	(184.8)
Change in component	33.8		—		—		33.8
Reclassification adjustments into earnings (1)	—		0.4		0.1		0.5
Income tax effect	—		—		(0.1)		(0.1)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss at September 30, 2024	$	(94.5)	$	(9.2)	$	(46.9)	$	(150.6)

_________

(1) See "Note 6. Fair Value" and "Note 7. Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits" for impacts of the reclassification adjustments on the statements of comprehensive income.

NOTE 13. Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies

Various legal actions, claims, assessments and other contingencies arising in the ordinary course of business are pending against GATX and certain of our subsidiaries. These matters are subject to many uncertainties, and it is possible that some of these matters could ultimately be decided, resolved or settled adversely.

On June 30, 2023, a third-party complaint was filed by Norfolk Southern Railway Company and Norfolk Southern Corporation (collectively, “Norfolk Southern”) against GATX and several other parties in the Northern District of Ohio (Eastern Division) for contribution and recovery of environmental damages related to the derailment of a Norfolk Southern train in East Palestine, Ohio that included railcars owned by GATX Corporation. The Company filed a motion to dismiss Norfolk Southern's third-party complaint on September 15, 2023. On March 6, 2024, the Court granted GATX's and the other third-party defendants’ motions and dismissed all Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act ("CERCLA") claims. The Court also dismissed all state law claims, declining to exercise supplemental jurisdiction over them in light of its dismissal of the CERCLA claims. On March 26, 2024, Norfolk Southern moved the Court for entry of partial final judgment as to the order dismissing the third-party complaint in order to appeal before final judgment the Court’s dismissal order as to GATX and the other third-party defendants. The Court has not yet ruled on Norfolk Southern’s motion. In the interim, on May 23, 2024, Norfolk Southern entered into a Consent Decree settling claims with the United States Department of Justice and Environmental Protection Agency (but not the State of Ohio) to which GATX is not a party.

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)

On July 25, 2023, a separate third-party complaint was filed by Norfolk Southern against GATX and two other defendants in the Northern District of Ohio (Eastern Division) for contribution to personal injury and property damages class claims related to the derailment of the Norfolk Southern train in East Palestine, Ohio. The plaintiffs who had originally filed the complaint against Norfolk Southern ("Plaintiffs") themselves subsequently filed direct claims against GATX and the two other third-party defendants alleging many of the same facts as Norfolk Southern. On September 15, 2023, the Company filed a motion to dismiss Norfolk Southern's third-party complaint, and on September 26, 2023, filed a motion to dismiss the Plaintiffs' complaint. Briefing was completed on October 30, 2023, and the Court issued an order on March 13, 2024, denying in part, and granting in part, the Company’s motion against Norfolk Southern and Plaintiffs. The Court held that Norfolk Southern’s contribution action was premature and dismissed the claim without prejudice but otherwise allowed the remaining claims against GATX to proceed. The Court also dismissed Plaintiffs’ claim for medical monitoring but held that Plaintiffs could seek such damages through their other claims, which could proceed. The Court also consolidated an additional action filed against GATX and others titled Almasy, et al. v. Norfolk Southern Corp., et al. by over 40 individual residents, employees and property owners in East Palestine, Ohio. Plaintiffs and Norfolk Southern reached a settlement for $600 million to resolve the consolidated class action claims of those within a 20-mile radius from the derailment, and, for those residents who choose to participate, personal injury claims within a 10-mile radius from the derailment. On September 25, 2024, the Court held a final approval hearing and two days later issued its final approval order for the settlement. To date, a handful of appeals challenging the fairness, reasonableness and adequacy of the settlement have been filed with the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals. On October 9, 2024, all parties to the litigation filed motions for summary judgment for the pending claims. Norfolk Southern has requested leave to reinstate its contribution claims against GATX and others. Trial is currently scheduled for March 31, 2025.

On December 8, 2023, GATX and three other defendants were named as additional defendants in a putative class action lawsuit originally filed in federal court in Pennsylvania against Norfolk Southern by four Pennsylvania school districts and their students. The allegations largely mirror those in the action filed in federal court in Ohio. The amended complaint seeks monetary damages for the Pennsylvania plaintiffs for personal injury and property damage allegedly related to the derailment. The Company and other defendants filed a motion to dismiss on February 23, 2024. Briefing has been completed and the motions remain pending and undecided. The Court has not set any further deadlines.

The Company is vigorously defending itself against each of these lawsuits. At this time, the Company cannot reasonably estimate the loss or range of loss, if any, that may ultimately be incurred in connection with any of these lawsuits and has not established any accruals for potential liability related to this incident.

For a full discussion of our other pending legal matters, please refer to "Note 23. Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies" in Part II, Item 8 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)

NOTE 14. Financial Data of Business Segments

The financial data presented below depicts the profitability, financial position, and capital expenditures of each of our business segments.

Rail North America is composed of our operations in the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Rail North America primarily provides railcars pursuant to full-service leases under which it maintains the railcars, pays ad valorem taxes and insurance, and provides other ancillary services.

Rail International is composed of our operations in Europe ("GATX Rail Europe" or "GRE"), India ("Rail India"), and until January 31, 2023, our rail business in Russia ("Rail Russia"). On January 31, 2023, we completed the sale of Rail Russia and recorded a gain of $0.3 million, which is presented in net gain on asset dispositions in the statements of comprehensive income. GRE primarily leases railcars to customers throughout Europe pursuant to full-service leases under which it maintains the railcars and provides value-added services according to customer requirements. Rail India primarily leases railcars to customers in India pursuant to net leases, under which the lessee assumes responsibility for maintenance of the railcars.

As previously disclosed, in the first quarter of 2024, we changed the name of our Portfolio Management business segment to Engine Leasing to reflect the prospective operations of the segment. Historically, this business segment included marine operations from our Specialized Gas Vessels. As of December 31, 2023, we had sold all of our marine assets and no longer have any marine operations.

Engine Leasing is now almost entirely composed of our engine leasing operations, which include our ownership interest in the RRPF affiliates, a group of joint ventures with Rolls-Royce that lease aircraft spare engines, and GEL, our business that directly owns aircraft spare engines that are leased to airline customers or employed in engine capacity agreements. The RRPF affiliates manage all of GEL's aircraft spare engines, for which we paid them a fee of $1.1 million and $2.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and $0.9 million and $1.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Other includes Trifleet operations, as well as selling, general and administrative expenses, income taxes, and certain other amounts not allocated to the segments.

Segment profit is an internal performance measure used by the Chief Executive Officer to assess the profitability of each segment. Segment profit includes all revenues, expenses, pre-tax earnings from affiliates, and net gains on asset dispositions that are directly attributable to each segment. We allocate interest expense to the segments based on what we believe to be the appropriate risk-adjusted borrowing costs for each segment. Segment profit excludes selling, general and administrative expenses, income taxes, and certain other amounts not allocated to the segments.

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)

The following tables show certain segment data for each of our business segments (in millions):


	Rail North America		Rail International		Engine Leasing		Other		GATX Consolidated
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
Revenues
Lease revenue	$	249.2	$	86.3	$	8.1	$	8.1	$	351.7
Non-dedicated engine revenue	—		—		18.1		—		18.1
Other revenue	29.3		4.3		—		2.0		35.6
Total Revenues	278.5		90.6		26.2		10.1		405.4
Expenses
Maintenance expense	77.7		17.0		—		1.2		95.9

Depreciation expense	69.2		20.3		10.1		3.8		103.4
Operating lease expense	8.0		—		—		—		8.0
Other operating expense	7.0		3.7		2.6		0.8		14.1
Total Expenses	161.9		41.0		12.7		5.8		221.4
Other Income (Expense)
Net gain on asset dispositions	46.7		1.7		—		0.1		48.5
Interest (expense) income, net	(60.2)		(18.5)		(11.3)		1.1		(88.9)
Other (expense) income	(0.8)		1.1		0.1		(1.3)		(0.9)
Share of affiliates' pre-tax earnings	0.1		—		35.2		—		35.3
Segment profit	$	102.4	$	33.9	$	37.5	$	4.2	$	178.0
Less:
Selling, general and administrative expense									57.2
Income taxes (includes $8.9 related to affiliates' earnings)									31.8
Net income									$	89.0

Net Gain on Asset Dispositions
Asset Remarketing Income:
Net gains on disposition of owned assets	$	43.6	$	1.2	$	—	$	0.1	$	44.9
Residual sharing income	0.1		—		—		—		0.1
Non-remarketing net gains (1)	3.0		0.5		—		—		3.5

	$	46.7	$	1.7	$	—	$	0.1	$	48.5

Capital Expenditures
Portfolio investments and capital additions	$	325.9	$	80.6	$	94.8	$	3.2	$	504.5

Selected Balance Sheet Data at September 30, 2024
Investments in affiliated companies	$	0.3	$	—	$	690.0	$	—	$	690.3
Identifiable assets	$	7,654.8	$	2,358.5	$	1,576.7	$	789.9	$	12,379.9

_________

(1) Includes net gains from scrapping of railcars.

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)


	Rail North America		Rail International		Engine Leasing		Other		GATX Consolidated
Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
Revenues
Lease revenue	$	225.2	$	75.6	$	8.1	$	8.3	$	317.2
Non-dedicated engine revenue	—		—		13.6		—		13.6
Marine operating revenue	—		—		0.6		—		0.6
Other revenue	22.7		3.6		0.1		2.3		28.7
Total Revenues	247.9		79.2		22.4		10.6		360.1
Expenses
Maintenance expense	69.4		17.1		—		1.4		87.9
Marine operating expense	—		—		1.0		—		1.0
Depreciation expense	66.9		17.5		8.4		3.4		96.2
Operating lease expense	9.0		—		—		—		9.0
Other operating expense	6.5		2.7		2.1		0.7		12.0
Total Expenses	151.8		37.3		11.5		5.5		206.1
Other Income (Expense)
Net gain on asset dispositions	15.5		0.9		0.2		0.3		16.9
Interest (expense) income, net	(46.6)		(14.5)		(8.7)		1.7		(68.1)
Other income (expense)	1.2		(0.1)		(0.2)		0.9		1.8
Share of affiliates' pre-tax (losses) earnings	(0.1)		—		18.0		—		17.9
Segment profit	$	66.1	$	28.2	$	20.2	$	8.0	$	122.5
Less:
Selling, general and administrative expense									51.0
Income taxes (includes $4.5 related to affiliates' earnings)									19.0







Net income									$	52.5

Net Gain on Asset Dispositions
Asset Remarketing Income:
Net gains on disposition of owned assets	$	13.0	$	—	$	—	$	0.1	$	13.1
Residual sharing income	0.1		—		0.2		—		0.3
Non-remarketing net gains (1)	2.4		0.9		—		0.2		3.5

	$	15.5	$	0.9	$	0.2	$	0.3	$	16.9

Capital Expenditures
Portfolio investments and capital additions	$	197.0	$	129.6	$	28.3	$	9.0	$	363.9

Selected Balance Sheet Data at December 31, 2023
Investments in affiliated companies	$	0.2	$	—	$	626.8	$	—	$	627.0
Identifiable assets	$	6,993.8	$	2,175.2	$	1,355.1	$	801.9	$	11,326.0

_________

(1) Includes net gains from scrapping of railcars

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)


	Rail North America		Rail International		Engine Leasing		Other		GATX Consolidated
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Revenues
Lease revenue	$	727.8	$	248.9	$	24.3	$	23.6	$	1,024.6
Non-dedicated engine revenue	—		—		45.0		—		45.0
Other revenue	86.1		10.6		—		5.7		102.4
Total Revenues	813.9		259.5		69.3		29.3		1,172.0
Expenses
Maintenance expense	228.0		52.7		—		3.2		283.9

Depreciation expense	201.1		58.6		27.1		11.1		297.9
Operating lease expense	26.0		—		—		—		26.0
Other operating expense	20.1		10.8		7.0		3.6		41.5
Total Expenses	475.2		122.1		34.1		17.9		649.3
Other Income (Expense)
Net gain on asset dispositions	105.8		3.7		0.6		0.2		110.3
Interest (expense) income, net	(169.9)		(52.7)		(30.3)		3.4		(249.5)
Other (expense) income	(3.2)		0.8		0.3		(8.8)		(10.9)
Share of affiliates' pre-tax earnings	0.1		—		75.8		—		75.9
Segment profit	$	271.5	$	89.2	$	81.6	$	6.2	$	448.5
Less:
Selling, general and administrative expense									171.7
Income taxes (includes $17.2 related to affiliates' earnings)									69.1
Net income									$	207.7

Net Gain on Asset Dispositions
Asset Remarketing Income:
Net gains on disposition of owned assets	$	96.3	$	1.3	$	0.6	$	0.2	$	98.4
Residual sharing income	0.3		—		—		—		0.3
Non-remarketing net gains (1)	9.2		2.4		—		—		11.6

	$	105.8	$	3.7	$	0.6	$	0.2	$	110.3

Capital Expenditures
Portfolio investments and capital additions	$	955.7	$	190.1	$	166.1	$	13.2	$	1,325.1

_________

(1) Includes net gains from scrapping of railcars.

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)


	Rail North America		Rail International		Engine Leasing		Other		GATX Consolidated
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Revenues
Lease revenue	$	659.2	$	219.1	$	24.5	$	25.0	$	927.8
Non-dedicated engine revenue	—		—		24.5		—		24.5
Marine operating revenue	—		—		6.1		—		6.1
Other revenue	68.0		9.6		0.1		6.1		83.8
Total Revenues	727.2		228.7		55.2		31.1		1,042.2
Expenses
Maintenance expense	203.1		47.6		—		3.4		254.1
Marine operating expense	—		—		5.4		—		5.4
Depreciation expense	198.5		49.8		19.9		9.9		278.1
Operating lease expense	27.0		—		—		—		27.0
Other operating expense	20.2		7.2		4.4		2.2		34.0
Total Expenses	448.8		104.6		29.7		15.5		598.6
Other Income (Expense)
Net gain on asset dispositions	97.4		2.4		4.7		0.6		105.1
Interest (expense) income, net	(133.4)		(40.5)		(20.9)		4.0		(190.8)
Other (expense) income	(1.3)		(7.0)		(0.5)		1.7		(7.1)
Share of affiliates' pre-tax (losses) earnings	(0.5)		—		66.3		—		65.8
Segment profit	$	240.6	$	79.0	$	75.1	$	21.9	$	416.6
Less:
Selling, general and administrative expense									153.4
Income taxes (includes $17.7 related to affiliates' earnings)									70.0
Net income									$	193.2

Net Gain on Asset Dispositions
Asset Remarketing Income:
Net gains on disposition of owned assets	$	88.4	$	0.5	$	5.5	$	0.3	$	94.7
Residual sharing income	0.3		—		0.4		—		0.7
Non-remarketing net gains (1)	8.7		1.9		—		0.3		10.9
Asset impairments	—		—		(1.2)		—		(1.2)
	$	97.4	$	2.4	$	4.7	$	0.6	$	105.1

Capital Expenditures
Portfolio investments and capital additions	$	654.8	$	288.0	$	267.3	$	27.4	$	1,237.5

_________

(1) Includes net gains from scrapping of railcars.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes and other information included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report, Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). We based the discussion and analysis that follows on financial data we derived from the financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Standards ("GAAP") and on certain other financial data that we prepared using non-GAAP components. For a reconciliation of these non-GAAP components to the most comparable GAAP components, see "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" at the end of this item. The discussion and analysis below includes forward-looking statements that are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors described in the "Risk Factors" section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 that could cause actual results to differ materially from such forward-looking statements. Additionally, our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any period in the future.

OVERVIEW

DISCUSSION OF OPERATING RESULTS

Net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $207.7 million, or $5.68 per diluted share, compared to $193.2 million, or $5.30 per diluted share, for the same period in 2023. Results for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 included a net negative impact of $9.9 million ($0.27 per diluted share) from tax adjustments and other items, compared to a net negative impact of $1.1 million ($0.03 per diluted share) from tax adjustments and other items for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. See "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" at the end of this item for further details. Excluding the impact of these items, net income increased $23.3 million compared to the prior year, largely due to higher revenue at Rail North America and Rail International, higher non-dedicated engine revenue at Engine Leasing, higher asset disposition gains at Rail North America, and higher share of affiliates' earnings at the RRPF affiliates, partially offset by higher maintenance and interest expense and the absence of the sale of natural gas holdings in the prior year.

Net income for the three months ended September 30, 2024 was $89.0 million, or $2.43 per diluted share, compared to $52.5 million, or $1.44 per diluted share, for the same period in 2023. Results for the three months ended September 30, 2024 included a net negative impact of $2.5 million ($0.07 per diluted share) from tax adjustments and other items. See "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" at the end of this item for further details. Excluding the impact of these items, net income increased $39.0 million compared to the prior year, largely due to higher revenue at Rail North America and Rail International, higher non-dedicated engine revenue at Engine Leasing, higher asset disposition gains at Rail North America, and higher share of affiliates' earnings at the RRPF affiliates, partially offset by higher maintenance and interest expense and the absence of the sale of natural gas holdings in the prior year.

The following table shows a summary of our reporting segments and consolidated financial results (in millions, except per share data):


	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Segment Revenues
Rail North America	$	278.5	$	247.9	$	813.9	$	727.2
Rail International	90.6		79.2		259.5		228.7
Engine Leasing	26.2		22.4		69.3		55.2
Other	10.1		10.6		29.3		31.1
	$	405.4	$	360.1	$	1,172.0	$	1,042.2
Segment Profit
Rail North America	$	102.4	$	66.1	$	271.5	$	240.6
Rail International	33.9		28.2		89.2		79.0
Engine Leasing	37.5		20.2		81.6		75.1
Other	4.2		8.0		6.2		21.9
	178.0		122.5		448.5		416.6
Less:
Selling, general and administrative expense	57.2		51.0		171.7		153.4
Income taxes (includes $8.9 and $4.5 QTR and $17.2 and $17.7 YTD related to affiliates' earnings)	31.8		19.0		69.1		70.0
Net Income (GAAP)	$	89.0	$	52.5	$	207.7	$	193.2

Net income, excluding tax adjustments and other items (non-GAAP) (1)	$	91.5	$	52.5	$	217.6	$	194.3
Diluted earnings per share (GAAP)	$	2.43	$	1.44	$	5.68	$	5.30
Diluted earnings per share, excluding tax adjustments and other items (non-GAAP) (1)	$	2.50	$	1.44	$	5.95	$	5.33

Investment Volume	$	504.5	$	363.9	$	1,325.1	$	1,237.5

The following table shows our return on equity for the trailing 12 months ended September 30:


	2024		2023
Return on Equity (GAAP)	11.9	%	11.7	%
Return on Equity, excluding tax adjustments and other items (non-GAAP) (1)	12.2	%	12.1	%

_________

(1) See "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" at the end of this item for further details.

Segment Operations

RAIL NORTH AMERICA

Segment Summary

The railcar leasing market remained relatively strong and the supply of existing railcars remained tight for most railcar types. Rail North America continued to capitalize on current market conditions for both lease rates and lease terms. Utilization was 99.3% at the end of the current quarter.

The following table shows Rail North America's segment results (in millions):


	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Revenues
Lease revenue	$	249.2	$	225.2	$	727.8	$	659.2
Other revenue	29.3		22.7		86.1		68.0
Total Revenues	278.5		247.9		813.9		727.2

Expenses
Maintenance expense	77.7		69.4		228.0		203.1
Depreciation expense	69.2		66.9		201.1		198.5
Operating lease expense	8.0		9.0		26.0		27.0
Other operating expense	7.0		6.5		20.1		20.2
Total Expenses	161.9		151.8		475.2		448.8

Other Income (Expense)
Net gain on asset dispositions	46.7		15.5		105.8		97.4
Interest expense, net	(60.2)		(46.6)		(169.9)		(133.4)
Other (expense) income	(0.8)		1.2		(3.2)		(1.3)
Share of affiliates' pre-tax earnings (losses)	0.1		(0.1)		0.1		(0.5)
Segment Profit	$	102.4	$	66.1	$	271.5	$	240.6

Investment Volume	$	325.9	$	197.0	$	955.7	$	654.8

The following table shows the components of Rail North America's lease revenue (in millions):


	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Railcars	$	225.7	$	204.0	$	657.6	$	597.0
Boxcars	16.1		14.6		49.4		42.6
Locomotives	7.4		6.6		20.8		19.6
Total	$	249.2	$	225.2	$	727.8	$	659.2

Rail North America Fleet Data

The following table shows fleet activity and statistics for Rail North America railcars, excluding boxcars, for the quarter ended:


	September 30 2023		December 31 2023		March 31 2024		June 30 2024		September 30 2024
Beginning balance	100,585		100,656		101,167		101,687		102,086
Railcars added	791		1,688		1,422		1,337		1,474
Railcars scrapped	(292)		(354)		(375)		(389)		(360)
Railcars sold	(428)		(823)		(527)		(549)		(503)
Ending balance	100,656		101,167		101,687		102,086		102,697
Utilization rate at quarter end (1)	99.3	%	99.3	%	99.4	%	99.3	%	99.3	%
Renewal success rate (2)	83.6	%	87.1	%	83.4	%	84.1	%	82.0	%
Active railcars at quarter end (3)	99,933		100,498		101,106		101,401		101,939
Average active railcars (4)	99,796		100,197		100,677		101,181		101,629

_________

(1) Utilization is calculated as the number of railcars on lease as a percentage of total railcars in the fleet.

(2) The renewal success rate represents the percentage of railcars on expiring leases that were renewed with the existing lessee. The renewal success rate is an important metric because railcars returned by our customers may remain idle or incur additional maintenance and freight costs prior to being leased to new customers.

(3) Active railcars refers to the number of railcars on lease to customers. Changes in railcars on lease compared to prior quarters are impacted by the utilization of new railcars purchased from builders or in the secondary market and the disposition of railcars that were sold or scrapped, as well as the fleet utilization rate.

(4) Average active railcars for the quarter is calculated using the number of active railcars at the end of each month.

As of September 30, 2024, leases for approximately 7,200 tank and freight cars and approximately 1,000 boxcars were scheduled to expire over the remainder of 2024. These amounts exclude railcars on leases expiring in 2024 that have already been renewed or assigned to a new lessee.

In 2022, we entered into a new long-term railcar supply agreement with a subsidiary of Trinity Industries, Inc. ("Trinity") to purchase 15,000 newly built railcars through 2028, with an option to order up to an additional 500 railcars each year from 2023 to 2028. The agreement enables us to order a broad mix of tank and freight cars. Trinity will deliver 6,000 tank cars (1,200 per year) from 2024 through 2028. The remaining 9,000 railcars, which can be a mix of freight and tank cars, are expected to be ordered at a rate of 1,500 railcars per order year from 2023 to 2028 and delivered under a schedule to be determined. At September 30, 2024, 5,014 railcars have been ordered pursuant to the terms of the agreement, of which 2,833 railcars have been delivered.

In 2018, we amended a long-term supply agreement with Trinity to extend the term to December 2023, and we agreed to purchase 4,800 tank cars (1,200 per year) beginning in January 2020 and continuing through 2023. As of June 30, 2024, all 4,800 railcars have been ordered and delivered.

In 2018, we entered into a multi-year railcar supply agreement with American Railcar Industries, Inc. ("ARI"), pursuant to which we agreed to purchase 7,650 newly built railcars. The order encompasses a mix of tank and freight cars to be delivered over a five-year period, beginning in April 2019 and ending in December 2023. ARI's railcar manufacturing business was acquired by a subsidiary of The Greenbrier Companies, Inc. on July 26, 2019, and such subsidiary assumed all of ARI's obligations under our long-term supply agreement. As of June 30, 2024, all 7,650 railcars have been ordered and delivered.

Lease Price Index

Our Lease Price Index ("LPI") is an internally-generated business indicator that measures renewal activity for our North American railcar fleet, excluding boxcars. The LPI calculation includes all renewal activity based on a 12-month trailing average, and the renewals are weighted by the count of all renewals over the 12-month period. The average renewal lease rate change is reported as the percentage change between the average renewal lease rate and the average expiring lease rate. The average renewal lease term is reported in months and reflects the average renewal lease term in the LPI.

During the third quarter of 2024, the renewal rate change of the LPI was positive 26.6%, compared to positive 29.4% in the prior quarter, and positive 33.4% in the third quarter of 2023. Lease terms on renewals for railcars in the LPI averaged 59 months in the current quarter, compared to 61 months in the prior quarter, and 65 months in the third quarter of 2023.

The following table shows fleet activity and statistics for Rail North America boxcars for the quarter ended:


	September 30 2023		December 31 2023		March 31 2024		June 30 2024		September 30 2024
Beginning balance	8,959		9,087		9,311		9,670		8,990
Boxcars added	316		424		587		—		—
Boxcars scrapped	(95)		(152)		(228)		(555)		(211)
Boxcars sold	(93)		(48)		—		(125)		—
Ending balance	9,087		9,311		9,670		8,990		8,779
Utilization rate at quarter end (1)	99.7	%	100.0	%	99.8	%	99.8	%	99.8	%
Active boxcars at quarter end (2)	9,062		9,310		9,651		8,971		8,760
Average active railcars (3)	8,985		9,207		9,583		9,304		8,848

_________

(1) Utilization is calculated as the number of boxcars on lease as a percentage of total boxcars in the fleet.

(2) Active boxcars refers to the number boxcars on lease to customers. Changes in boxcars on lease compared to prior quarters are impacted by the utilization of new boxcars purchased from builders or in the secondary market and the disposition of boxcars that were sold or scrapped, as well as the fleet utilization rate.

(3) Average active boxcars is calculated using the number of active boxcars at the end of each month.

Comparison of Reported Results for the First Nine Months of 2024 to the First Nine Months of 2023

Segment Profit

In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, segment profit of $271.5 million increased 12.8% compared to $240.6 million for the same period in the prior year. The increase was primarily due to higher lease revenue and higher net gain on asset dispositions, partially offset by higher interest expense and higher maintenance expense. The amount and timing of disposition gains is dependent on a number of factors and may vary materially from period to period.

Revenues

In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, lease revenue increased $68.6 million, or 10.4%, driven by higher lease rates and more railcars on lease. Other revenue increased $18.1 million, primarily due to higher repair revenue.

Expenses

In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, maintenance expense increased $24.9 million, driven by higher costs of repairs, more regulatory compliance events, and more repairs performed by the railroads. Depreciation expense increased $2.6 million, due to the timing of new railcar investments and dispositions, partially offset by a change in the useful lives of certain railcars.

Other Income (Expense)

In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, net gain on asset dispositions increased $8.4 million, driven by higher net gains on railcars sold and higher net scrapping gains. The amount and timing of disposition gains is dependent on a number of factors and may vary materially from period to period. Net interest expense increased $36.5 million, due to a higher average interest rate and a higher average debt balance.

Investment Volume

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, investment volume was $955.7 million compared to $654.8 million in the same period in 2023. We acquired 2,987 newly built railcars, purchased 2,005 railcars in the secondary market, and purchased 156 locomotives in the secondary market in the nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to 2,506 newly built railcars, 1,266 railcars in the secondary market, and no locomotives in the same period in 2023.

Our investment volume is predominantly composed of acquired railcars, but also includes certain capitalized repairs and improvements to owned railcars and our maintenance facilities. As a result, the dollar value of investment volume does not necessarily correspond to the number of railcars acquired in any given period. In addition, the comparability of amounts invested and the number of railcars acquired in each period is impacted by the mix of railcars purchased, which may include tank cars and freight cars, as well as newly manufactured railcars or those purchased in the secondary market.

Comparison of Reported Results for the Third Quarter of 2024 to the Third Quarter of 2023

Segment Profit

In the three months ended September 30, 2024, segment profit of $102.4 million increased 54.9% compared to $66.1 million for the same period in the prior year. The increase was primarily due to higher net gain on asset dispositions and higher lease revenue, partially offset by higher interest and maintenance expense. The amount and timing of disposition gains is dependent on a number of factors and may vary materially from period to period.

Revenues

In the three months ended September 30, 2024, lease revenue increased $24.0 million, or 10.7%, driven by more railcars on lease and higher lease rates. Other revenue increased $6.6 million, primarily due to higher repair revenue.

Expenses

In the three months ended September 30, 2024, maintenance expense increased $8.3 million, driven by more repair events, including more repairs performed by the railroads, and higher costs of repairs. Depreciation expense increased $2.3 million, due to the timing of new railcar investments and dispositions, partially offset by a change in the useful lives of certain railcars.

Other Income (Expense)

In the three months ended September 30, 2024, net gain on asset dispositions increased $31.2 million, driven by higher net gains on railcars sold in the current year and higher net scrapping gains. The amount and timing of disposition gains is dependent on a number of factors and may vary materially from period to period. Net interest expense increased $13.6 million, due to a higher average debt balance and higher average interest rate.

RAIL INTERNATIONAL

Segment Summary

Rail International, composed primarily of GATX Rail Europe ("GRE"), produced solid operating results in the nine months of 2024 and continued to grow its fleet. GRE experienced renewal lease rate increases for a majority of railcar types in the period. Utilization was 95.9% at the end of the current quarter.

The fleet size of our rail business in India ("Rail India") surpassed 10,000 railcars during the current quarter, and Rail India continued to focus on investment opportunities, diversification of its fleet, and developing relationships with customers, suppliers and the Indian Railways. Demand for railcars in India remained robust, driven by continued growth in the economy and infrastructure development. Utilization was 100.0% at the end of the current quarter.

In the first quarter of 2023, we sold Rail Russia and recorded a gain of $0.3 million upon completion of the sale.

The following table shows Rail International's segment results (in millions):


	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Revenues
Lease revenue	$	86.3	$	75.6	$	248.9	$	219.1
Other revenue	4.3		3.6		10.6		9.6
Total Revenues	90.6		79.2		259.5		228.7

Expenses
Maintenance expense	17.0		17.1		52.7		47.6
Depreciation expense	20.3		17.5		58.6		49.8
Other operating expense	3.7		2.7		10.8		7.2
Total Expenses	41.0		37.3		122.1		104.6

Other Income (Expense)
Net gain on asset dispositions	1.7		0.9		3.7		2.4
Interest expense, net	(18.5)		(14.5)		(52.7)		(40.5)
Other income (expense)	1.1		(0.1)		0.8		(7.0)

Segment Profit	$	33.9	$	28.2	$	89.2	$	79.0

Investment Volume	$	80.6	$	129.6	$	190.1	$	288.0

GRE Fleet Data

The following table shows fleet activity and statistics for GRE railcars for the quarter ended:


	September 30 2023		December 31 2023		March 31 2024		June 30 2024		September 30 2024
Beginning balance	28,759		29,102		29,216		29,371		29,649
Railcars added	446		371		322		388		410
Railcars scrapped or sold	(103)		(257)		(167)		(110)		(106)
Ending balance	29,102		29,216		29,371		29,649		29,953
Utilization rate at quarter end (1)	96.0	%	95.9	%	95.3	%	95.8	%	95.9	%
Active railcars at quarter end (2)	27,947		28,004		27,998		28,417		28,737
Average active railcars (3)	27,884		28,003		27,984		28,198		28,626

_________

(1) Utilization is calculated as the number of railcars on lease as a percentage of total railcars in the fleet.

(2) Active railcars refers to the number of railcars on lease to customers. Changes in railcars on lease compared to prior quarters are impacted by the utilization of newly built railcars, railcars purchased in the secondary market, and the disposition of railcars that were sold or scrapped, as well as the fleet utilization rate.

(3) Average active railcars for the quarter is calculated using the number of active railcars at the end of each month.

As of September 30, 2024, leases for approximately 5,000 railcars were scheduled to expire over the remainder of 2024. This amount excludes railcars on leases expiring in 2024 that have already been renewed or assigned to a new lessee.

Rail India Fleet Data

The following table shows fleet activity and statistics for Rail India railcars for the quarter ended:


	September 30 2023		December 31 2023		March 31 2024		June 30 2024		September 30 2024
Beginning balance	6,927		7,884		8,805		9,501		9,904
Railcars added	957		921		696		408		457
Railcars scrapped or sold	—		—		—		(5)		—
Ending balance	7,884		8,805		9,501		9,904		10,361
Utilization rate at quarter end (1)	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%
Active railcars at quarter end (2)	7,884		8,805		9,501		9,904		10,361
Average active railcars (3)	7,366		8,321		9,089		9,711		10,165

_________

(1) Utilization is calculated as the number of railcars on lease as a percentage of total railcars in the fleet.

(2) Active railcars refers to the number of railcars on lease to customers. Changes in railcars on lease compared to prior quarters are impacted by the utilization of newly built railcars and the disposition of railcars that were sold or scrapped, as well as the fleet utilization rate.

(3) Average active railcars for the quarter is calculated using the number of active railcars at the end of each month.

Comparison of Reported Results for the First Nine Months of 2024 to the First Nine Months of 2023

Foreign Currency

Rail International's reported results of operations are impacted by fluctuations in the exchange rates of the U.S. dollar against the foreign currencies in which it conducts business, primarily the euro. In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, fluctuations in the value of the euro, relative to the U.S. dollar, positively impacted lease revenue by approximately $1.1 million and negatively impacted segment profit, excluding other income (expense), by approximately $1.1 million compared to the same period in 2023.

Segment Profit

In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, segment profit of $89.2 million increased 12.9% compared to $79.0 million for the same period in the prior year. Segment profit in 2023 included a $0.3 million disposition gain recorded as a result of the decision to exit the Rail Russia business. Excluding this item, results for Rail International were $10.5 million higher compared to the same period in the prior year. The increase was primarily due to more railcars on lease and higher lease rates at both GRE and Rail India, partially offset by higher maintenance expense at GRE and higher interest expense.

Revenues

In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, lease revenue increased $29.8 million, or 13.6%, due to more railcars on lease and higher lease rates at GRE and Rail India and the impact of foreign exchange rates.

Expenses

In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, maintenance expense increased $5.1 million, primarily due to more repairs performed, higher costs for repairs, higher wheelset costs, and the impact of foreign exchange rates. Depreciation expense increased $8.8 million, due the impact of new railcars added to the fleet.

Other Income (Expense)

In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, net gain on asset dispositions increased $1.3 million, driven by more railcars sold and higher net scrapping gains due to more railcars scrapped at a higher scrap price per ton. Net interest expense increased $12.2 million, due to a higher average debt balance and a higher average interest rate. Other income (expense) was favorable by $7.8 million, driven by the positive impact of changes in foreign exchange rates, primarily euro-zloty fluctuations.

Investment Volume

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, investment volume was $190.1 million compared to $288.0 million in the same period in 2023. In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, GRE acquired 1,120 newly built railcars compared to 1,324 newly built railcars for the same period in 2023, and Rail India acquired 1,561 newly built railcars in the current year compared to 2,012 newly built railcars for the same period in 2023.

Our investment volume is predominantly composed of acquired railcars, but also includes certain capitalized repairs and improvements to owned railcars. As a result, the dollar value of investment volume does not necessarily correspond to the number of railcars acquired in any given period. In addition, the comparability of amounts invested and the number of railcars acquired in each period is impacted by the mix of the various car types acquired, as well as fluctuations in the exchange rates of the foreign currencies in which Rail International conducts business.

Comparison of Reported Results for the Third Quarter of 2024 to the Third Quarter of 2023

Foreign Currency

Rail International's reported results of operations are impacted by fluctuations in the exchange rates of the U.S. dollar against the foreign currencies in which it conducts business, primarily the euro. In the three months ended September 30, 2024, fluctuations in the value of the euro, relative to the U.S. dollar, positively impacted lease revenue by approximately $0.8 million and had an immaterial impact on segment profit, excluding other income (expense), compared to the same period in 2023.

Segment Profit

In the three months ended September 30, 2024, segment profit of $33.9 million increased 20.2% compared to $28.2 million for the same period in the prior year. The increase was primarily due to more railcars on lease and higher lease rates at both GRE and Rail India, partially offset by higher interest and depreciation expense.

Revenues

In the three months ended September 30, 2024, lease revenue increased $10.7 million, or 14.2%, due to more railcars on lease and higher lease rates at GRE and Rail India and the impact of foreign exchange rates.

Expenses

In the three months ended September 30, 2024, maintenance expense was comparable to the same period in the prior year, as lower wheelset costs were offset by higher costs for repairs and the impact of foreign exchange rates. Depreciation expense increased $2.8 million, due the impact of new railcars added to the fleet.

Other Income (Expense)

In the three months ended September 30, 2024, net gain on asset dispositions increased $0.8 million, driven by more railcars sold, offset by lower net scrapping gains due to fewer railcars scrapped at a higher scrap price per ton. Net interest expense increased $4.0 million, due to a higher average interest rate and a higher average debt balance. Other income (expense) was favorable by $1.2 million, driven by the positive impact of changes in foreign exchange rates, primarily euro-zloty fluctuations.

ENGINE LEASING

Segment Summary

As disclosed previously, we had sold all of our marine assets as of December 31, 2023 and no longer have any marine operations. As a result, we have changed the name of this business segment from Portfolio Management to Engine Leasing to reflect the prospective operations of the segment.

Engine Leasing's segment profit is attributable primarily to income from the RRPF affiliates, a group of 50% owned domestic and foreign joint ventures with Rolls-Royce, a leading manufacturer of commercial aircraft jet engines. Segment profit included earnings from the RRPF affiliates of $75.8 million and $35.2 million for the nine months and three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $66.3 million and $18.0 million for the same periods in 2023. The operating environment for the RRPF affiliates was robust, and demand for international air passenger travel remained strong.

Engine Leasing also includes GEL, our wholly owned entity that invests directly in aircraft spare engines. GEL acquired four aircraft spare engines for $94.8 million in the third quarter of 2024. As of September 30, 2024, GEL owned 36 aircraft spare engines, with 14 on long-term leases with airline customers and 22 that are employed in an engine capacity agreement with Rolls-Royce for use in its engine maintenance programs. All engines at GEL are managed by the RRPF affiliates, for which we paid them a fee of $2.9 million and $1.1 million for the nine months and three months ended September 30, 2024 and $1.9 million and $0.9 million for the same periods in 2023.

During the second quarter of 2023, we sold our natural gas holdings and recorded a gain of $5.7 million.

The following table shows Engine Leasing’s segment results (in millions):


	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Revenues
Lease revenue	$	8.1	$	8.1	$	24.3	$	24.5
Non-dedicated engine revenue	18.1		13.6		45.0		24.5
Marine operating revenue	—		0.6		—		6.1
Other revenue	—		0.1		—		0.1
Total Revenues	26.2		22.4		69.3		55.2

Expenses
Marine operating expense	—		1.0		—		5.4
Depreciation expense	10.1		8.4		27.1		19.9
Other operating expense	2.6		2.1		7.0		4.4
Total Expenses	12.7		11.5		34.1		29.7

Other Income (Expense)
Net gain on asset dispositions	—		0.2		0.6		4.7
Interest expense, net	(11.3)		(8.7)		(30.3)		(20.9)
Other income (expense)	0.1		(0.2)		0.3		(0.5)
Share of affiliates' pre-tax earnings	35.2		18.0		75.8		66.3
Segment Profit	$	37.5	$	20.2	$	81.6	$	75.1

Investment Volume	$	94.8	$	28.3	$	166.1	$	267.3

The following table shows the net book values of Engine Leasing's assets (in millions):


	September 30 2023		December 31 2023		March 31 2024		June 30 2024		September 30 2024
Investment in RRPF Affiliates	$	626.5	$	626.8	$	647.2	$	660.6	$	690.0
GEL owned aircraft spare engines	722.4		714.0		705.6		768.4		853.0
Specialized Gas Vessels	11.4		—		—		—		—
Other owned assets	9.1		14.3		23.3		13.0		33.7
Total assets	$	1,369.4	$	1,355.1	$	1,376.1	$	1,442.0	$	1,576.7

RRPF Affiliates' Portfolio Data

The following table shows portfolio activity and statistics for the RRPF affiliates' aircraft spare engines for the quarter ended:


	September 30 2023			December 31 2023			March 31 2024			June 30 2024			September 30 2024
Beginning balance	392			395			399			405			408
Engine acquisitions	5			5			8			6			8
Engine dispositions	(2)			(1)			(2)			(3)			(1)
Ending balance	395			399			405			408			415
Utilization rate at quarter end (1)	95.7		%	95.5		%	97.3		%	97.3		%	97.1		%
Average leased engines (2)	377			379			386			395			399
Net book value of engines (in millions)	$	4,100.9		$	4,067.2		$	4,157.2		$	4,170.0		$	4,256.1

_________

(1) Utilization is calculated as the number of engines on lease as a percentage of total engines in the fleet.

(2) Average leased engines is calculated using the number of leased engines at the end of each month.

GEL Portfolio Data

The following table shows portfolio activity for GEL's aircraft spare engines for the quarter ended:


	September 30 2023	December 31 2023	March 31 2024	June 30 2024	September 30 2024
Beginning balance	28	29	29	29	32
Engines added	1	—	—	3	4
Ending balance	29	29	29	32	36

Comparison of Reported Results for the First Nine Months of 2024 to the First Nine Months of 2023

Segment Profit

In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, segment profit was $81.6 million, compared to segment profit of $75.1 million for the same period in the prior year. Segment profit included $0.6 million of gains in 2024 and $1.4 million of losses in 2023 associated with the Specialized Gas Vessels. Excluding the impact of these items, results for Engine Leasing were $4.5 million higher than 2023, driven by higher earnings at the RRPF affiliates and higher earnings from GEL operations, partially offset by the absence of the gain on the sale of natural gas holdings recorded in the prior year.

Revenues

In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, lease revenue was comparable to the same period in the prior year. Non-dedicated engine revenue increased $20.5 million, due to aircraft spare engines acquired in 2023 and 2024 and utilized in the engine capacity agreement with Rolls-Royce. Marine operating revenue decreased $6.1 million, driven by the final sales of the Specialized Gas Vessels in 2023.

Expenses

In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, marine operating expense decreased $5.4 million, due to the sale of the Specialized Gas Vessels in 2023. Depreciation expense increased $7.2 million, due to aircraft spare engines acquired in 2023 and 2024.

Other Income (Expense)

In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, net gain on asset dispositions decreased $4.1 million, driven by the absence of gains recorded in 2023 for the sale of natural gas holdings and gains on the sales of the Specialized Gas Vessels in 2023 and related post-closing adjustments recorded in both 2023 and 2024.

In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, income from our share of affiliates' earnings increased $9.5 million, driven by higher income from operations, partially offset by lower remarketing income. The amount and timing of remarketing income is dependent on a number of factors and may vary materially from period to period.

Investment Volume

In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, investment volume was $166.1 million, compared to $267.3 million in the same period in 2023. In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, GEL acquired seven aircraft spare engines compared to nine in the same period in 2023.

Comparison of Reported Results for the Third Quarter of 2024 to the Third Quarter of 2023

Segment Profit

In the three months ended September 30, 2024, segment profit was $37.5 million, compared to segment profit of $20.2 million for the same period in the prior year. The increase was driven by higher earnings at the RRPF affiliates.

Revenues

In the three months ended September 30, 2024, lease revenue was comparable to the same period in the prior year. Non-dedicated engine revenue increased $4.5 million, due to aircraft spare engines acquired in 2023 and 2024 and utilized in the engine capacity agreement with Rolls-Royce. Marine operating revenue decreased $0.6 million, driven by the final sales of the Specialized Gas Vessels in 2023.

Expenses

In the three months ended September 30, 2024, marine operating expense decreased $1.0 million, due to the sale of the Specialized Gas Vessels in 2023. Depreciation expense increased $1.7 million, due to aircraft spare engines acquired in 2023 and 2024.

Other Income (Expense)

In the three months ended September 30, 2024, income from our share of affiliates' earnings increased $17.2 million, driven by higher remarketing income and higher income from operations. The amount and timing of remarketing income is dependent on a number of factors and may vary materially from period to period.

OTHER

Other comprises our Trifleet business, as well as selling, general and administrative expenses ("SG&A"), unallocated interest expense, miscellaneous income and expense not directly associated with the reporting segments, and certain eliminations.

In the third quarter of 2024, GATX recorded settlement expenses of $3.3 million for litigation claims arising out of legacy business operations. In the second quarter of 2024, GATX recorded reserves of $10.7 million for its share of anticipated environmental remediation costs arising out of prior operations and legacy businesses. The majority of the recorded reserves relate to a previously owned facility that GATX sold in 1974, while the remainder of the amount relates to a landfill that GATX entities previously utilized, which was closed in 1986.

The following table shows components of Other (in millions):


	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Trifleet revenue	$	10.1	$	10.6	$	29.3	$	31.1

Trifleet segment profit	$	2.2	$	3.4	$	5.4	$	10.6
Unallocated interest income	3.3		3.6		9.7		9.3
Other (expense) income, including eliminations	(1.3)		1.0		(8.9)		2.0
Segment Profit	$	4.2	$	8.0	$	6.2	$	21.9

Selling, general and administrative expense	$	57.2	$	51.0	$	171.7	$	153.4

Investment Volume	$	3.2	$	9.0	$	13.2	$	27.4

Trifleet Summary

The tank container leasing market remained challenging in the third quarter of 2024. Utilization was 85.6% at the end of the current quarter.

Trifleet Tank Container Data

The following table shows fleet statistics for Trifleet's owned and managed tank containers for the quarter ended:


	September 30 2023		December 31 2023		March 31 2024		June 30 2024		September 30 2024
Ending balance	23,333		23,931		24,448		24,663		24,755
Utilization rate at quarter-end (1)	89.6	%	87.3	%	85.5	%	86.0	%	85.6	%

_________

(1) Utilization is calculated as the number of tank containers on lease as a percentage of total tank containers in the fleet.

SG&A, Unallocated Interest and Other

SG&A increased $18.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same period in the prior year. SG&A increased $6.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same period in the prior year. Both variances were driven by higher employee-related expenses, including higher share-based compensation expense, and higher information technology expense.

Unallocated interest income (the difference between external interest expense and interest expense allocated to the reporting segments) in any year is affected by our consolidated leverage position, the timing of debt issuances and investing activities, and intercompany allocations.

Other (expense) income, including eliminations was unfavorable by $10.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same period in the prior year. The variance was driven by environmental reserves recorded and expenses related to litigation claims settlements, as noted above, partially offset by the absence of pension settlement charges recorded in the prior year. Other (expense) income, including eliminations was unfavorable by $2.3 million in the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same period in the prior year. The variance was primarily a result of expenses related to the settlements of litigation claims noted above.

Consolidated Income Taxes

See "Note 9. Income Taxes" in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

CASH FLOW DISCUSSION

We generate a significant amount of cash from operating activities and investment portfolio proceeds. We also access domestic and international capital markets by issuing unsecured or secured debt and commercial paper. We use these resources, along with available cash balances, to fulfill our debt, lease, and dividend obligations, to support our share repurchase programs, and to fund portfolio investments and capital additions. We primarily use cash from operations to fund daily operations. The timing of asset dispositions and changes in working capital impact cash flows from portfolio proceeds and operations. As a result, these cash flow components may vary materially from quarter to quarter and year to year.

As of September 30, 2024, we had an unrestricted cash balance of $503.7 million. We also have a $600 million, 5-year unsecured revolving credit facility in the United States that matures in 2029 and a $350 million, 3-year unsecured revolving credit facility in the United States that matures in 2027, both of which were fully available as of September 30, 2024.

The following table shows our cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities for the nine months ended September 30 (in millions):


	2024		2023
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	396.1	$	400.1
Net cash used in investing activities	(1,131.4)		(860.6)
Net cash provided by financing activities	789.1		359.9
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	(0.8)		(0.2)
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash during the period	$	53.0	$	(100.8)

Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 decreased $4.0 million compared to the same period in 2023. Comparability among reporting periods is impacted by the timing of changes in working capital items. Specifically, higher payments for interest, income taxes, maintenance, and other operating expenses were partially offset by higher cash receipts from revenue and lower payments for operating leases.

Net Cash Used in Investing Activities

The following table shows our principal sources and uses of cash flows from investing activities for the nine months ended September 30 (in millions):


	2024		2023
Portfolio investments and capital additions (1)	$	(1,325.1)	$	(1,237.5)
Portfolio proceeds (2)	171.7		208.2
Proceeds from short-term investments (3)	—		150.0
Other investing activity	22.0		18.7
Net cash used in investing activities	$	(1,131.4)	$	(860.6)

_________

(1) Portfolio investments and capital additions primarily consist of purchases of operating assets and capitalized asset improvements. See the discussions of segment operating results sections in this Item for more detail.

(2) Portfolio proceeds primarily consist of proceeds from sales of operating assets.

(3) Short-term U.S. Treasury Obligations with an original maturity date of over 90 days.

The increase in portfolio investments and capital additions of $87.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was primarily due to more railcars and locomotives acquired at Rail North America, partially offset by fewer aircraft spare engines acquired at GEL, fewer railcars acquired at GRE and Rail India, and fewer tank containers acquired at Trifleet. The timing of investments depends on purchase commitments, transaction opportunities, and market conditions.

Portfolio proceeds decreased by $36.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, resulting from the absence of proceeds from the sales of two Specialized Gas Vessels at Engine Leasing and the sale of Rail Russia at Rail International in the prior year.

Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities

The following table shows our principal sources and uses of cash flows from financing activities for the nine months ended September 30 (in millions):


	2024		2023
Net proceeds from issuance of debt (original maturities longer than 90 days)	$	1,297.0	$	909.2
Repayments of debt (original maturities longer than 90 days)	(413.5)		(500.0)
Net decrease in debt with original maturities of 90 days or less	—		(5.0)
Purchases of assets previously on finance leases (1)	(30.4)		—
Dividends	(63.9)		(60.7)
Stock repurchases (2)	(21.8)		—
Other	21.7		16.4
Net cash provided by financing activities	$	789.1	$	359.9

_________

(1) In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we purchased 728 railcars that were previously leased, compared to none during the same period in 2023.

(2) In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we repurchased 166,400 shares of common stock for $21.8 million. We did not repurchase any shares of common stock during the same period in 2023.

The following table shows the activity on our long-term debt principal in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 (in millions):


	December 31 2023		Issuances		Payments		Impact of Foreign Exchange Rates		September 30 2024
U.S. debt	$	6,450.0	$	950.0	$	(300.0)	$	—	$	7,100.0
Europe debt (1)	899.6		305.4		(113.5)		12.0		1,103.5
India debt (2)	101.0		48.0		—		(1.0)		148.0
Total debt principal	$	7,450.6	$	1,303.4	$	(413.5)	$	11.0	$	8,351.5

__________

(1) Denominated in euros, but presented in U.S. dollars in this table.

(2) Denominated in Indian rupees, but presented in U.S. dollars in this table.

The following provides detail of the long-term debt issued during the nine months ended September 30, 2024:

U.S. debt

•$350.0 million of 3-year unsecured fixed rate debt at a 5.430% yield

•$200.0 million of 10-year unsecured fixed rate debt at a 5.700% yield

•$400.0 million of 30-year unsecured fixed rate debt at a 6.053% yield

Europe debt

•€121.0 million ($132.0 million) of 2-year unsecured floating rate debt at Trifleet, currently 4.97%*

•€50.0 million ($54.4 million) of 7-year unsecured floating rate debt at GRE, currently 5.015%*

•€75.0 million ($81.1 million) of 5-year unsecured floating rate debt at GRE, currently 5.359%*

•€35.0 million ($37.8 million) of 3-year unsecured fixed rate debt at GRE at a 4.371% yield

India debt

•INR 2.0 billion ($24.1 million) in two tranches from a 5-year delayed draw term loan at fixed rates of 8.43% and 8.55%

•INR 2.0 billion ($23.9 million) in two tranches from a separate 5-year delayed draw term loan at fixed rates of 8.88% and 8.51%

__________

(*) Floating rates are based on the applicable interest rate as of September 30, 2024.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

General

We fund our investments and meet our debt, lease, and dividend obligations using our available cash balances, as well as cash generated from operating activities, sales of assets, commercial paper issuances, committed revolving credit facilities, distributions from affiliates, and issuances of secured and unsecured debt. We primarily use cash from operations to fund daily operations. We use both domestic and international capital markets and banks to meet our debt financing needs.

Material Cash Obligations

The following table shows our material cash obligations, including debt principal and related interest payments, lease payments, and purchase commitments at September 30, 2024 (in millions):


	Material Cash Obligations by Period
	Total		2024 (1)		2025		2026		2027		2028		Thereafter
Recourse debt	$	8,351.5	$	111.4	$	657.4	$	613.1	$	848.2	$	735.3	$	5,386.1
Interest on recourse debt (2)	3,444.0		89.0		360.0		340.4		307.2		273.9		2,073.5
Commercial paper and credit facilities	11.1		11.1		—		—		—		—		—

Operating lease obligations	212.5		8.7		35.8		35.9		32.9		25.7		73.5
Purchase commitments (3)	2,259.6		232.2		652.4		414.9		433.6		399.5		127.0
Total	$	14,278.7	$	452.4	$	1,705.6	$	1,404.3	$	1,621.9	$	1,434.4	$	7,660.1

_________

(1) For the remainder of the year.

(2) For floating rate debt, future interest payments are based on the applicable interest rate as of September 30, 2024.

(3) Primarily railcar purchase commitments. The amounts shown for all years are based on management's estimates of the timing, anticipated railcar types, and related costs of railcars to be purchased under its agreements. For additional details on our purchase agreements, refer to the discussion of Rail North America operating results within this item.

Short-Term Borrowings and Credit Lines and Facilities

We primarily use short-term borrowings as a source of working capital and to temporarily fund differences between our operating cash flows and portfolio proceeds, and our capital investments and debt maturities. We do not maintain or target any particular level of short-term borrowings on a permanent basis. Rather, we will temporarily utilize short-term borrowings at levels we deem appropriate until we decide to pay down these balances.

During the second quarter of 2024, we entered into a new $600 million, 5-year unsecured revolving credit facility in the United States, expiring in May 2029. The new credit facility contains two one-year extension options. This replaced our prior $600 million, 5-year unsecured revolving credit facility, which was terminated upon our entry into the new credit facility. As of September 30, 2024, the full $600 million was available under this facility. We also entered into a new $350 million, 3-year unsecured revolving credit facility in the United States, expiring in May 2027. This facility also has two one-year extension options. This replaced our prior $250 million 3-year unsecured revolving credit facility, which was terminated upon entry into the new credit facility. As of September 30, 2024, the full $350 million was available under this facility.

Our European subsidiaries have unsecured credit facilities with an aggregate limit of €35.0 million. As of September 30, 2024, €25.0 million was available under these credit facilities. At September 30, 2024, we had $11.1 million of outstanding short-term borrowings under bank credit facilities at our European subsidiaries. The weighted average interest rate of these outstanding borrowings during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was 4.4%.

Delayed Draw Term Loans

As of September 30, 2024, we had INR 2.0 billion ($23.9 million) available under an outstanding delayed draw term loan in India.

Restrictive Covenants

Our $600 million and $350 million revolving credit facilities contain various restrictive covenants, including requirements to maintain a fixed charge coverage ratio and an asset coverage test. Some of our bank term loans and other loan agreements have the same financial covenants as these facilities.

The indentures for our public debt also contain various restrictive covenants, including limitations on liens provisions that restrict the amount of additional secured indebtedness that we may incur. Additionally, certain exceptions to the covenants permit us to incur an unlimited amount of purchase money and nonrecourse indebtedness.

At September 30, 2024, our European rail subsidiaries had outstanding term loans, public debt, and private placement debt balances totaling €870.0 million, and Trifleet had an outstanding term loan of €121.0 million. The loans are guaranteed by GATX Corporation and are subject to similar restrictive covenants as the revolving credit facility noted above.

At September 30, 2024, we were in compliance with all covenants and conditions of all of our credit agreements. We do not anticipate any covenant violations nor do we expect that any of these covenants will restrict our operations or our ability to obtain additional financing.

Credit Ratings

The global capital market environment and outlook may affect our funding options and our financial performance. Our access to capital markets at competitive rates depends on our credit rating and rating outlook, as determined by rating agencies.

The following table shows our credit rating and rating outlook as of September 30, 2024:

Rating Agency

Standard & Poor's

Moody's Investor Service

Fitch Ratings, Inc

Long-term unsecured debt

BBB

Baa2

BBB+

Short-term unsecured debt

A-2

P-2

Rating outlook

Stable

Positive

Stable

Leverage

Leverage is expressed as a ratio of debt (including debt and lease obligations, net of unrestricted cash) to equity. The following table shows the components of recourse leverage (in millions, except recourse leverage ratio):


	September 30 2024		June 30 2024		March 31 2024		December 31 2023		September 30 2023
Debt and lease obligations, net of unrestricted cash:
Unrestricted cash	$	(503.7)	$	(823.6)	$	(479.1)	$	(450.7)	$	(203.1)
Commercial paper and bank credit facilities	11.1		10.7		10.8		11.0		12.3
Recourse debt	8,293.5		8,235.7		7,624.5		7,388.1		6,835.6
Operating lease obligations	187.5		209.3		215.2		226.8		233.2
Total debt and lease obligations, net of unrestricted cash	$	7,988.4	$	7,632.1	$	7,371.4	$	7,175.2	$	6,878.0

Total recourse debt (1)	$	7,988.4	$	7,632.1	$	7,371.4	$	7,175.2	$	6,878.0
Shareholders' Equity	$	2,436.7	$	2,343.4	$	2,324.3	$	2,273.0	$	2,174.5
Recourse Leverage (2)	3.3		3.3		3.2		3.2		3.2

_________

(1) Includes recourse debt, commercial paper and bank credit facilities, and operating and finance lease obligations, net of unrestricted cash.

(2) Calculated as total recourse debt / shareholder's equity.

GATX Common Stock Repurchases

On January 25, 2019, our board of directors approved a $300.0 million share repurchase program, pursuant to which we are authorized to purchase shares of our common stock in the open market, in privately negotiated transactions, or otherwise, including pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 plans. The share repurchase authorization does not have an expiration date, does not obligate the Company to repurchase any dollar amount or number of shares of common stock, and may be suspended or discontinued at any time. The timing of repurchases will be dependent on market conditions and other factors. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we repurchased 166,400 shares of common stock for $21.8 million, excluding commissions. No share repurchases were completed during the same period in 2023. As of September 30, 2024, $65.3 million remained available under the repurchase authorization.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

There have been no changes to our critical accounting policies during the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Refer to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, for a summary of our policies.

NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

In addition to financial results reported in accordance with GAAP, we compute certain financial measures using non-GAAP components, as defined by the SEC. These measures are not in accordance with, or a substitute for, GAAP, and our financial measures may be different from non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies. We have provided a reconciliation of our non-GAAP components to the most directly comparable GAAP components.

Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Components Used in the Computation of Certain Financial Measures

We exclude the effects of certain tax adjustments and other items for purposes of presenting net income, diluted earnings per share, and return on equity because we believe these items are not attributable to our business operations. Management utilizes net income, excluding tax adjustments and other items, when analyzing financial performance because such amounts reflect the underlying operating results that are within management’s ability to influence. Accordingly, we believe presenting this information provides investors and other users of our financial statements with meaningful supplemental information for purposes of analyzing year-to-year financial performance on a comparable basis and assessing trends.

The following tables show our net income and diluted earnings per share, excluding tax adjustments and other items (in millions, except per share data):


Impact of Tax Adjustments and Other Items on Net Income:
	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Net income (GAAP)	$	89.0	$	52.5	$	207.7	$	193.2
Adjustments attributable to consolidated pre-tax income:
Litigation claims settlements (1)	$	3.3	$	—	$	3.3	$	—
Environmental reserves (2)	—		—		10.7		—
Net (gain) loss on Specialized Gas Vessels at Engine Leasing (3)	—		—		(0.6)		1.4
Net gain on Rail Russia at Rail International (4)	—		—		—		(0.3)
Total adjustments attributable to consolidated pre-tax income	$	3.3	$	—	$	13.4	$	1.1
Income taxes thereon, based on applicable effective tax rate	$	(0.8)	$	—	$	(3.5)	$	—







Net income, excluding tax adjustments and other items (non-GAAP)	$	91.5	$	52.5	$	217.6	$	194.3


Impact of Tax Adjustments and Other Items on Diluted Earnings per Share:
	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Diluted earnings per share (GAAP)	$	2.43	$	1.44	$	5.68	$	5.30
Adjustments attributable to consolidated income, net of taxes:
Litigation claims settlements (1)	$	0.07	$	—	$	0.07	$	—
Environmental reserves (2)	—		—		0.22		—
Net (gain) loss on Specialized Gas Vessels at Engine Leasing (3)	—		—		(0.02)		0.04
Net gain on Rail Russia at Rail International (4)	—		—		—		(0.01)







Diluted earnings per share, excluding tax adjustments and other items (non-GAAP)	$	2.50	$	1.44	$	5.95	$	5.33

The following tables show our net income and return on equity, excluding tax adjustments and other items, for the trailing 12 months ended September 30 (in millions):


	2024		2023
Net income (GAAP)	$	273.7	$	241.6

Adjustments attributable to consolidated pre-tax income:
Litigation claims settlements (1)	$	3.3	$	—
Environmental reserves (2)	10.7		—
Net loss on Specialized Gas Vessels at Engine Leasing (3)	2.0		4.2
Net loss on Rail Russia at Rail International (4)	—		3.5


Total adjustments attributable to consolidated pre-tax income	$	16.0	$	7.7
Income taxes thereon, based on applicable effective tax rate	$	(3.5)	$	—

Other income tax adjustments attributable to consolidated income:
Income tax rate change (5)	$	(3.0)	$	—
Net operating loss valuation allowance adjustment (6)	(2.3)		—
Total other income tax adjustments attributable to consolidated income	$	(5.3)	$	—









Net income, excluding tax adjustments and other items (non-GAAP)	$	280.9	$	249.3

_________

(1) Expenses recorded for the settlements of litigation claims arising out of legacy business operations.

(2) Reserves recorded for our share of anticipated environmental remediation costs arising out of prior operations and legacy businesses.

(3) In 2022, we made the decision to sell the Specialized Gas Vessels. We have recorded gains and losses associated with the subsequent impairments and sales of these assets. As of December 31, 2023, all vessels had been sold.

(4) In 2022, we made the decision to exit Rail Russia and recorded losses in 2022 associated with the impairment of the net assets. In the first quarter of 2023, we sold Rail Russia and recorded a gain on the final sale of this business.

(5) Deferred income tax adjustment attributable to state tax rate reductions in 2023.

(6) Valuation allowance adjustment associated with the realizability of state net operating losses in future tax years.


	2024		2023
Return on Equity (GAAP)	11.9	%	11.7	%
Return on Equity, excluding tax adjustments and other items (non-GAAP)	12.2	%	12.1	%

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Since December 31, 2023, there have been no material changes in our interest rate and foreign currency exposures or types of derivative instruments used to hedge these exposures. For a discussion of our exposure to market risk, refer to "Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has conducted an evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act")). Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

No changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2024, that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

Information concerning litigation and other contingencies is described in "Note 13. Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies" in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes in our risk factors since December 31, 2023. For a discussion of our risk factors, refer to "Item 1A. Risk Factors" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

During the third quarter of 2024, we repurchased 96,356 shares of common stock for $12.9 million under the share repurchase program compared to no share repurchases completed during the third quarter of 2023. As of September 30, 2024, $65.3 million remained available under the repurchase authorization.

The following is a summary of common stock repurchases completed by month during the third quarter of 2024:


Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (in millions)
July 1, 2024 - July 31, 2024	32,703	$	134.21	32,703	$	73.8
August 1, 2024 - August 31, 2024	52,453	$	134.07	52,453	$	66.8
September 1, 2024 - September 30, 2024	11,200	$	136.13	11,200	$	65.3
Total	96,356	$	134.35	96,356

Item 5. Other Information

Insider Trading Plans

None of the Company's directors or officers adopted or terminated a "Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement" or "non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement", as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K, during the quarter ended September 30, 2024.

Item 6. Exhibits


Exhibit Number			Exhibit Description
Filed with this Report:
31.1			Certification Pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) (CEO Certification).
31.2			Certification Pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) (CFO Certification).
32			Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (CEO and CFO Certification).
101			The following materials from GATX Corporation’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2024, are formatted in Inline XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, and (v) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
104			Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document).

Incorporated by Reference:
3.1			Restated Certificate of Incorporation of GATX Corporation is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to GATX’s Form 8-K dated October 31, 2013, file number 1-2328.
3.2			Amended and Restated By-Laws of GATX Corporation, as amended and restated on October 28, 2022, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of GATX’s Form 8-K dated November 1, 2022, file number 1-2328.

Certain instruments evidencing long-term indebtedness of GATX Corporation are not being filed as exhibits to this Report because the total amount of securities authorized under any such instrument does not exceed 10% of GATX Corporation's total assets. GATX Corporation will furnish copies of any such instruments upon request of the Securities and Exchange Commission.

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


GATX CORPORATION (Registrant)

/s/ Thomas A. Ellman
Thomas A. Ellman
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Duly Authorized Officer)

Date: October 24, 2024

Exhibit 31.1

Certification

I, Robert C. Lyons, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of GATX Corporation;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.


/s/ Robert C. Lyons
Robert C. Lyons
President and Chief Executive Officer

October 24, 2024

Exhibit 31.2

Certification

I, Thomas A. Ellman, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of GATX Corporation;

(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.


/s/ Thomas A. Ellman
Thomas A. Ellman
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

October 24, 2024

Exhibit 32

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of GATX Corporation (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2024, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), each of the undersigned officers of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1)The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2)The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.


/s/ Robert C. Lyons						/s/ Thomas A. Ellman
Robert C. Lyons						Thomas A. Ellman
President and Chief Executive Officer						Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

October 24, 2024

This certification accompanies the Report pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and shall not be deemed filed by GATX Corporation for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to GATX Corporation and will be retained by GATX Corporation and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

Document and Entity Information	9 Months Ended
Document and Entity Information	Sep. 30, 2024 shares
Document Information [Line Items]
Document Transition Report	false
Entity Registrant Name	GATX Corporation
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2024
City Area Code	312
Local Phone Number	621-6200
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding	35,500,000
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Address, Address Line One	233 South Wacker Drive
Entity Address, City or Town	Chicago
Entity Address, State or Province	IL
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	60606
Amendment Flag	false
Entity Central Index Key	0000040211
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Quarterly Report	true
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	NY
Entity Tax Identification Number	36-1124040
Document Type	10-Q
Entity File Number	1-2328
NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE, INC. [Member]
Document Information [Line Items]
Trading Symbol	GATX
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
CHICAGO STOCK EXCHANGE, INC [Member]
Document Information [Line Items]
Trading Symbol	GATX
Security Exchange Name	CHX

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Assets
Cash and Cash Equivalents	$ 503.7	$ 450.7
Restricted Cash	0.1	0.1
Receivables
Rent and other receivables	93.9	87.9
Finance leases (as lessor)	124.8	136.4
Less: allowance for losses	(5.3)	(5.9)
Receivables, net	213.4	218.4
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net [Abstract]
Operating Assets and Facilities	14,243.1	13,081.9
Less: allowance for depreciation	(3,866.7)	(3,670.7)
Operating assets and facilities, net	10,376.4	9,411.2
Lease Assets (as lessee)
Right-of-use assets, net of accumulated depreciation	173.5	212.0
Lease assets	173.5	212.0
Investments in and Advance to Affiliates, Subsidiaries, Associates, and Joint Ventures	690.3	627.0
Goodwill	120.9	120.0
Other Assets	301.6	286.6
Total Assets	12,379.9	11,326.0
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses	210.1	239.6
Debt
Commercial paper and borrowings under bank credit facilities	11.1	11.0
Recourse	8,293.5	7,388.1
Commercial paper and borrowings under bank credit facilities	8,304.6	7,399.1
Lease, Liability [Abstract]
Operating leases	187.5	226.8
Lease obligations	187.5	226.8
Deferred Income Tax Liabilities, Net	1,132.2	1,081.1
Other Liabilities	108.8	106.4
Total Liabilities	9,943.2	9,053.0
Shareholders’ Equity
Common stock, $0.625 par value: Authorized shares — 120,000,000 Issued shares — 67,325,950 and 67,083,149 Outstanding shares — 37,632,377 and 37,895,641	42.7	42.5
Additional paid in capital	840.9	816.1
Retained earnings	3,153.0	3,009.5
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	$ (150.6)	$ (167.6)
Treasury Stock, Common, Shares	33,498,586	33,332,186
Treasury stock at cost (29,693,573 and 29,187,508 shares)	$ (1,449.3)	$ (1,427.5)
Total Shareholders’ Equity	2,436.7	2,273.0
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity	$ 12,379.9	$ 11,326.0
Common Stock, Shares Authorized	120,000,000	120,000,000
Common Stock, Par or Stated Value Per Share	$ 0.625
Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding	35,539,311	35,464,841

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Other assets related to assets held for sale	$ 0.4	$ 0.8
Common stock, par value	$ 0.625
Common stock, shares authorized	120,000,000	120,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	69,037,897	68,797,027
Common stock, shares outstanding	35,539,311	35,464,841

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Revenues
Lease revenue	$ 351.7	$ 317.2	$ 1,024.6	$ 927.8
Marine operating revenue	0.0	0.6	0.0	6.1
Other revenue	35.6	28.7	102.4	83.8
Total Revenues	405.4	360.1	1,172.0	1,042.2
Expenses
Cost of Property Repairs and Maintenance	95.9	87.9	283.9	254.1
Marine operating expense	0.0	1.0	0.0	5.4
Depreciation	103.4	96.2	297.9	278.1
Operating Lease, Expense	8.0	9.0	26.0	27.0
Other operating expense	14.1	12.0	41.5	34.0
Selling, general and administrative	57.2	51.0	171.7	153.4
Total Expenses	278.6	257.1	821.0	752.0
Other Income (Expense)
Net gain on asset dispositions	48.5	16.9	110.3	105.1
Interest Expense, Nonoperating	(88.9)	(68.1)	(249.5)	(190.8)
Other (expense) income	(0.9)	1.8	(10.9)	(7.1)
Income before Income Taxes and Share of Affiliates’ Earnings	85.5	53.6	200.9	197.4
Income taxes	(22.9)	(14.5)	(51.9)	(52.3)
Share of affiliates' earnings, net of taxes	26.4	13.4	58.7	48.1
Net income	89.0	52.5	207.7	193.2
Other Comprehensive Income, net of taxes
Foreign currency translation adjustments	33.8	(40.6)	11.8	(8.7)
Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Derivatives	0.4	0.8	0.7	1.4
Post-retirement benefit plans	0.0	(2.0)	4.5	(1.0)
Other comprehensive (loss) income	34.2	(41.8)	17.0	(8.3)
Comprehensive Income	$ 123.2	$ 10.7	$ 224.7	$ 184.9
Share Data
Basic earnings per share (in dollars per share)	$ 2.44	$ 1.44	$ 5.70	$ 5.32
Average number of common shares (in shares)	35,800	35,700	35,800	35,600
Diluted earnings per share (in dollars per share)	$ 2.43	$ 1.44	$ 5.68	$ 5.30
Average number of common shares and common share equivalents (in shares)	35,900	35,800	35,900	35,700
Non-dedicated engine revenue	$ 18.1	$ 13.6	$ 45.0	$ 24.5
Segment Profit Loss	$ 178.0	$ 122.5	$ 448.5	$ 416.6

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)	9 Months Ended
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Operating Activities
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Parent	$ 207,700,000	$ 193,200,000
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization	311,800,000	289,800,000
Adjustments to reconcile income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Net gains on sales of assets	(110,000,000.0)	(105,600,000)
Asset Impairment Charges	0	1,200,000
Deferred income taxes	42,000,000.0	38,700,000
Share of affiliates’ earnings, net of dividends	(58,700,000)	(48,100,000)
Changes in working capital items	3,300,000	30,900,000
Net cash provided by operating activities	396,100,000	400,100,000
Investing Activities
Portfolio investments and capital additions	(1,325,100,000)	(1,237,500,000)
Portfolio proceeds	171,700,000	208,200,000
Proceeds from sales of other assets	20,200,000	16,400,000
Other	1,800,000	2,300,000
Net cash used in investing activities	(1,131,400,000)	(860,600,000)
Financing Activities
Net proceeds from issuances of debt (original maturities longer than 90 days)	1,297,000,000	909,200,000
Repayments of debt (original maturities longer than 90 days)	(413,500,000)	(500,000,000.0)
Net decrease in debt with original maturities of 90 days or less	0	(5,000,000.0)
Stock repurchases	(21,800,000)	0
Dividends	(63,900,000)	(60,700,000)
Other	21,700,000	16,400,000
Net cash provided by financing activities	789,100,000	359,900,000
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash	(800,000)	(200,000)
Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash, and Restricted Cash Equivalents, Beginning Balance	450,800,000	304,000,000.0
Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash, and Restricted Cash Equivalents, Ending Balance	503,800,000	203,200,000
Non-cash financing lease transactions	30,100,000	0
Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash, and Restricted Cash Equivalents, Period Increase (Decrease), Including Exchange Rate Effect, Total	53,000,000.0	(100,800,000)
Payments to Acquire Short-Term Investments	0	150,000,000.0
Payments for Previously Leased Assets	$ 30,400,000	$ 0

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity Statement - USD ($) $ in Millions	Total	Common Stock [Member]	Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]	Retained Earnings [Member]	AOCI Attributable to Parent [Member]	Treasury Stock, Common
Common stock, shares issued		68,600,000
Common Stock, Value, Issued		$ 42.4
Shares, Issued						(33,300,000)
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Parent			$ (792.2)	$ (2,831.5)	$ 211.6	$ (1,424.9)
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues		200,000
Stock Issued During Period, Value, New Issues		$ 0.1
Stock Repurchased During Period, Shares						0
Repurchase of common stock						$ 0.0
APIC, Share-based Payment Arrangement, Increase for Cost Recognition			20.9
Net income	$ 193.2			193.2
Dividends declared (in dollars per share)	$ 1.65
Dividends, Common Stock, Cash				(61.0)
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Portion Attributable to Parent	$ 8.3				8.3
Common stock, shares issued		68,800,000
Common Stock, Value, Issued		$ 42.5
Shares, Issued						(33,300,000)
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Parent			(807.8)	(2,931.6)	178.1	$ (1,424.9)
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues		0
Stock Issued During Period, Value, New Issues		$ 0.0
Stock Repurchased During Period, Shares						0
Repurchase of common stock						$ 0.0
APIC, Share-based Payment Arrangement, Increase for Cost Recognition			5.3
Net income	$ 52.5			52.5
Dividends declared (in dollars per share)	$ 0.55
Dividends, Common Stock, Cash				(20.4)
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Portion Attributable to Parent	$ 41.8				41.8
Common stock, shares issued		68,800,000
Common Stock, Value, Issued		$ 42.5
Shares, Issued						(33,300,000)
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Parent	$ (2,174.5)		(813.1)	(2,963.7)	219.9	$ (1,424.9)
Common stock, shares issued	68,797,027	68,800,000
Common Stock, Value, Issued	$ 42.5	$ 42.5
Shares, Issued						(33,300,000)
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Parent	(2,273.0)		(816.1)	(3,009.5)	167.6	$ (1,427.5)
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues		200,000
Stock Issued During Period, Value, New Issues		$ 0.2
Stock Repurchased During Period, Shares						(200,000)
Repurchase of common stock						$ (21.8)
APIC, Share-based Payment Arrangement, Increase for Cost Recognition			24.8
Net income	$ 207.7			207.7
Dividends declared (in dollars per share)	$ 1.74
Dividends, Common Stock, Cash				(64.2)
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Portion Attributable to Parent	$ (17.0)				(17.0)
Common stock, shares issued		69,000,000.0
Common Stock, Value, Issued		$ 42.7
Shares, Issued						(33,400,000)
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Parent			(836.4)	(3,085.4)	184.8	$ (1,436.3)
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues		0
Stock Issued During Period, Value, New Issues		$ 0.0
Stock Repurchased During Period, Shares						(100,000)
Repurchase of common stock						$ (13.0)
APIC, Share-based Payment Arrangement, Increase for Cost Recognition			4.5
Net income	$ 89.0
Dividends declared (in dollars per share)	$ 0.58
Dividends, Common Stock, Cash				(21.4)
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Portion Attributable to Parent	$ (34.2)				(34.2)
Common stock, shares issued	69,037,897	69,000,000.0
Common Stock, Value, Issued	$ 42.7	$ 42.7
Shares, Issued						(33,500,000)
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Parent	$ (2,436.7)		$ (840.9)	$ (3,153.0)	$ 150.6	$ (1,449.3)

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity Statement (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Dividends declared (in dollars per share)	$ 0.58	$ 0.55	$ 1.74	$ 1.65

Description of Business	9 Months Ended
Description of Business	Sep. 30, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Description of Business	Description of Business As used herein, "GATX," "we," "us," "our," and similar terms refer to GATX Corporation and its subsidiaries, unless indicated otherwise. We lease, operate, manage, and remarket long-lived, widely used assets, primarily in the rail market. We report our financial results through three primary business segments: Rail North America, Rail International, and Engine Leasing (previously named Portfolio Management). Financial results for our tank container leasing business ("Trifleet") are reported in the Other segment. In the first quarter of 2024, we changed the name of our Portfolio Management business segment to Engine Leasing to reflect the prospective operations of this business segment. Historically, this business segment included marine operations from our liquefied gas-carrying vessels (the "Specialized Gas Vessels"). As of December 31, 2023, we had sold all of our marine assets and no longer have any marine operations. The segment is now almost entirely composed of our engine leasing operations, which include our ownership interest in the RRPF affiliates, a group of joint ventures with Rolls-Royce plc (or affiliates thereof, collectively "Rolls-Royce") that lease aircraft spare engines, and GATX Engine Leasing ("GEL"), our business that directly owns aircraft spare engines that are leased to airline customers or employed in an engine capacity agreement.

Basis of Presentation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Accounting Changes and Error Corrections [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

New Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted


Standard/Description	Effective Date and Adoption Considerations	Effect on Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
Segment Reporting In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, particularly around the disclosure of segment expenses that are regularly reported to the chief operating decision maker ("CODM") and included within each reported measure of segment profit.	The new guidance is effective for us beginning with our 2024 Form 10-K, with early adoption permitted. We plan to adopt this standard for our 2024 Form 10-K.	We have completed a preliminary assessment and do not anticipate any significant changes in our existing segment disclosures upon adoption.
Income Taxes In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, to enhance disclosures for the effective rate reconciliation and income taxes paid.	The new guidance is effective for us beginning with our 2025 Form 10-K, with early adoption permitted.	We continue to assess the effect the new guidance will have on our disclosures. We expect the primary impact to be the level of disaggregation disclosed in the effective rate reconciliation table and the addition of income taxes paid by jurisdiction.

Revenue Revenue	9 Months Ended
Revenue Revenue	Sep. 30, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Revenue	Revenue Revenue Recognition Revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. We disaggregate revenue into four categories as presented on our statement of comprehensive income: Lease Revenue Lease revenue, which includes operating lease revenue and finance lease revenue, is our primary source of revenue. Operating Lease Revenue We lease railcars, locomotives, aircraft spare engines, and tank containers under full-service and net operating leases. We price full-service leases as an integrated service that includes amounts related to maintenance, insurance, and ad valorem taxes. We do not offer stand-alone maintenance service contracts. Operating lease revenue is within the scope of Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 842 "Leases" ("Topic 842"), and we have elected not to separate non-lease components from the associated lease component for qualifying leases. Operating lease revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the underlying lease. As a result, lease revenue may not be recognized in the same period as maintenance and other costs, which we expense as incurred. Variable rents are recognized when applicable contingencies are resolved. Revenue is not recognized if collectability is not reasonably assured. See "Note 5. Leases". Finance Lease Revenue In certain cases, we lease railcars and tank containers that, at lease inception, are classified as finance leases. In accordance with Topic 842, finance lease revenue is recognized using the effective interest method, using the interest rate implicit in the lease. See "Note 5. Leases". Non-Dedicated Engine Revenue Certain of our owned aircraft spare engines are part of a pool of non-dedicated spare engines managed under a capacity agreement with Rolls-Royce. Revenue is earned based on our continued ability to meet engine capacity requirements under the agreement, which requires us to enroll a minimum number of engines in a pool of non-dedicated spare engines for short-term lease to Rolls-Royce customers. We recognize revenue based on our right to receive a portion of the revenue earned by the pool, which is calculated based on the average engine flight hours reported for each type of engine enrolled into the pool. Marine Operating Revenue Historically, we generated marine operating revenue through shipping services completed by our marine vessels. For vessels that operated in a pooling arrangement, we recognized pool revenue based on the right to receive our portion of net distributions reported by the pool, with net distributions being the net voyage revenue of the pool after deduction of voyage expenses. For vessels that operated outside of a pooling arrangement, we recognized revenue over time as the performance obligation is satisfied, beginning when cargo is loaded through its delivery and discharge. As of the first quarter of 2024, we no longer have marine operating revenue, as all marine vessels were sold as of December 31, 2023. Other Revenue Other revenue is composed of customer liability repair revenue, termination fees, interest income, and other miscellaneous revenues. Select components of other revenue are within the scope of ASC Topic 606, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers". Revenue attributable to terms provided in our lease contracts are variable lease components that are recognized when earned, in accordance with Topic 842.

Leases

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Leases [Abstract]

Leases

GATX as Lessor

We lease railcars, locomotives, aircraft spare engines, and tank containers under full-service and net operating leases. We price full-service leases as an integrated service that includes amounts related to maintenance, insurance, and ad valorem taxes. In accordance with applicable guidance, we do not separate lease and non-lease components when reporting revenue for our full-service operating leases. In some cases, we lease railcars and tank containers that, at commencement, are classified as finance leases. For certain operating leases, revenue is based on equipment usage and is recognized when earned. Typically, our leases do not provide customers with renewal options or options to purchase the asset. Our lease agreements do not generally have residual value guarantees. We collect reimbursements from customers for damage to our railcars, as well as additional rental payments for usage above specified levels, as provided in the lease agreements.

The following table shows the components of our lease revenue (in millions):


	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Operating lease revenue:
Fixed lease revenue	$	320.8	$	289.7	$	937.0	$	848.2
Variable lease revenue	27.6		24.2		77.3		70.6
Total operating lease revenue	$	348.4	$	313.9	$	1,014.3	$	918.8
Finance lease revenue	3.3		3.3		10.3		9.0
Total lease revenue	$	351.7	$	317.2	$	1,024.6	$	927.8

Fair Value Disclosure

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value

The assets and liabilities that GATX records at fair value on a recurring basis consisted entirely of derivatives at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

Derivative Instruments

Fair Value Hedges

Cash Flow Hedges

Non-Designated Derivatives

The following table shows our the fair value and notional amounts of our derivative assets and liabilities (in millions):


		Significant Observable Inputs (Level 2)

	Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value September 30, 2024		Fair Value December 31, 2023
Derivative Assets

Foreign exchange contracts (1)	Other assets	$	—	$	0.5


Total derivative assets		$	—	$	0.5
Derivative Liabilities
Interest rate contracts (1)	Other liabilities	$	4.3	$	8.0

Foreign exchange contracts (2)	Other liabilities	10.8		10.5
Total derivative liabilities		$	15.1	$	18.5

_________

(1) Designated as hedges.

(2) Not designated as hedges.

The following table shows the amounts recorded on the balance sheet related to cumulative basis adjustments for fair value hedges (in millions):


	Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)				Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Included in the Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)
Line Item in the Balance Sheet in Which the Hedged Item is Included	September 30 2024		December 31 2023		September 30 2024		December 31 2023
Recourse debt	$	(198.5)	$	(196.8)	$	(4.3)	$	(8.0)

The following tables show the impacts of our derivative instruments on our statements of comprehensive income (in millions):


	Amount of (Gain) Loss Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
Derivative Designation	2024		2023		2024		2023
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships:
Foreign exchange contracts	$	—	$	(6.1)	$	(3.4)	$	(3.6)
Total	$	—	$	(6.1)	$	(3.4)	$	(3.6)


Location of Loss (Gain) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss into Earnings	Amount of Loss (Gain) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss into Earnings
	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Interest expense	$	0.4	$	0.4	$	1.2	$	1.2
Other (expense) income	—		(5.7)		(3.7)		(3.3)
Total	$	0.4	$	(5.3)	$	(2.5)	$	(2.1)


	Amount of (Loss) Gain Recognized in Interest Expense on Fair Value and Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Total interest expense	$	(88.9)	$	(68.1)	$	(249.5)	$	(190.8)
(Loss) gain on fair value hedging relationships
Interest rate contracts:
Hedged items	(3.1)		(0.2)		(3.7)		0.1
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	3.1		0.2		3.7		(0.1)
Loss on cash flow hedging relationships
Interest rate contracts:
Amount of loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings	(0.4)		(0.4)		(1.2)		(1.2)


	Amount of (Loss) Gain Recognized in Other Expense on Cash Flow Hedging Relationships and Non-Designated Derivative Contracts
	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Total other (expense) income	$	(0.9)	$	1.8	$	(10.9)	$	(7.1)
Gain on cash flow hedging relationships
Foreign exchange contracts:
Amount of gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings (1)	—		5.7		3.7		3.3
Gain (loss) on non-designated derivative contracts (2)	0.9		3.2		(0.3)		(8.0)

_________

(1) These amounts are substantially offset by foreign currency remeasurement adjustments on related hedged instruments, also recognized in other expense.

(2) Foreign exchange contracts.

Other Financial Instruments

The following table shows the carrying amounts and fair values of our other financial instruments (in millions):


	September 30, 2024				December 31, 2023
	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value
Liabilities
Recourse fixed rate debt	$	7,701.8	$	7,530.6	$	7,026.6	$	6,614.6
Recourse floating rate debt	591.7		600.9		361.5		362.9
Total	$	8,293.5	$	8,131.5	$	7,388.1	$	6,977.5

Share-Based Compensation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Share-Based Compensation

The estimated fair value of our 2024 non-qualified employee stock option awards and related underlying assumptions are shown in the table below:


	2024
Weighted-average estimated fair value	$	45.22
Quarterly dividend rate	$	0.58
Expected term of stock options, in years	4.2
Risk-free interest rate	4.0		%
Dividend yield	1.8		%
Expected stock price volatility	34.7		%
Present value of dividends	$	8.87

Income Taxes

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

The following table shows our effective income tax rate for the nine months ended September 30:


	2024		2023
Effective income tax rate	25.8	%	26.5	%

Commercial Commitments

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Guarantees [Abstract]

Commercial Commitments

The following table shows our commercial commitments (in millions):


	September 30 2024		December 31 2023
Standby letters of credit and performance bonds	$	8.7	$	8.7
Total commercial commitments (1)	$	8.7	$	8.7

_________

Earnings Per Share

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings Per Share

Earnings per Share

The following table shows the computation of our basic and diluted earnings per common share (in millions, except per share amounts):


	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Basic earnings per share:
Net income	$	89.0	$	52.5	$	207.7	$	193.2
Less: Net income allocated to participating securities	(1.5)		(0.9)		(3.7)		(3.7)
Net income available to common shareholders	$	87.5	$	51.6	$	204.0	$	189.5
Weighted-average shares outstanding - basic	35.8		35.7		35.8		35.6
Basic earnings per share	$	2.44	$	1.44	$	5.70	$	5.32

Diluted earnings per share:
Net income	$	89.0	$	52.5	$	207.7	$	193.2
Less: Net income allocated to participating securities	(1.5)		(0.9)		(3.7)		(3.7)
Net income available to common shareholders	$	87.5	$	51.6	$	204.0	$	189.5
Weighted-average shares outstanding - basic	35.8		35.7		35.8		35.6
Effect of dilutive securities:
Equity compensation plans	0.1		0.1		0.1		0.1
Weighted-average shares outstanding - diluted	35.9		35.8		35.9		35.7
Diluted earnings per share	$	2.43	$	1.44	$	5.68	$	5.30

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The following table shows the change in components for accumulated other comprehensive loss (in millions):


	Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Unrealized Loss on Derivative Instruments		Post-Retirement Benefit Plans Adjustments		Total
Accumulated other comprehensive loss at December 31, 2023	$	(106.3)	$	(9.9)	$	(51.4)	$	(167.6)
Change in component	(14.4)		3.4		6.0		(5.0)
Reclassification adjustments into earnings (1)	—		(3.3)		—		(3.3)
Income tax effect	—		—		(1.5)		(1.5)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss at March 31, 2024	$	(120.7)	$	(9.8)	$	(46.9)	$	(177.4)
Change in component	(7.6)		—		—		(7.6)
Reclassification adjustments into earnings (1)	—		0.4		0.1		0.5
Income tax effect	—		(0.2)		(0.1)		(0.3)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss at June 30, 2024	$	(128.3)	$	(9.6)	$	(46.9)	$	(184.8)
Change in component	33.8		—		—		33.8
Reclassification adjustments into earnings (1)	—		0.4		0.1		0.5
Income tax effect	—		—		(0.1)		(0.1)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss at September 30, 2024	$	(94.5)	$	(9.2)	$	(46.9)	$	(150.6)

_________

(1) See "Note 6. Fair Value" and "Note 7. Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits" for impacts of the reclassification adjustments on the statements of comprehensive income.

Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies	9 Months Ended
Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies	Sep. 30, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies	Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies Various legal actions, claims, assessments and other contingencies arising in the ordinary course of business are pending against GATX and certain of our subsidiaries. These matters are subject to many uncertainties, and it is possible that some of these matters could ultimately be decided, resolved or settled adversely. On June 30, 2023, a third-party complaint was filed by Norfolk Southern Railway Company and Norfolk Southern Corporation (collectively, “Norfolk Southern”) against GATX and several other parties in the Northern District of Ohio (Eastern Division) for contribution and recovery of environmental damages related to the derailment of a Norfolk Southern train in East Palestine, Ohio that included railcars owned by GATX Corporation. The Company filed a motion to dismiss Norfolk Southern's third-party complaint on September 15, 2023. On March 6, 2024, the Court granted GATX's and the other third-party defendants’ motions and dismissed all Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act ("CERCLA") claims. The Court also dismissed all state law claims, declining to exercise supplemental jurisdiction over them in light of its dismissal of the CERCLA claims. On March 26, 2024, Norfolk Southern moved the Court for entry of partial final judgment as to the order dismissing the third-party complaint in order to appeal before final judgment the Court’s dismissal order as to GATX and the other third-party defendants. The Court has not yet ruled on Norfolk Southern’s motion. In the interim, on May 23, 2024, Norfolk Southern entered into a Consent Decree settling claims with the United States Department of Justice and Environmental Protection Agency (but not the State of Ohio) to which GATX is not a party. On July 25, 2023, a separate third-party complaint was filed by Norfolk Southern against GATX and two other defendants in the Northern District of Ohio (Eastern Division) for contribution to personal injury and property damages class claims related to the derailment of the Norfolk Southern train in East Palestine, Ohio. The plaintiffs who had originally filed the complaint against Norfolk Southern ("Plaintiffs") themselves subsequently filed direct claims against GATX and the two other third-party defendants alleging many of the same facts as Norfolk Southern. On September 15, 2023, the Company filed a motion to dismiss Norfolk Southern's third-party complaint, and on September 26, 2023, filed a motion to dismiss the Plaintiffs' complaint. Briefing was completed on October 30, 2023, and the Court issued an order on March 13, 2024, denying in part, and granting in part, the Company’s motion against Norfolk Southern and Plaintiffs. The Court held that Norfolk Southern’s contribution action was premature and dismissed the claim without prejudice but otherwise allowed the remaining claims against GATX to proceed. The Court also dismissed Plaintiffs’ claim for medical monitoring but held that Plaintiffs could seek such damages through their other claims, which could proceed. The Court also consolidated an additional action filed against GATX and others titled Almasy, et al. v. Norfolk Southern Corp., et al. by over 40 individual residents, employees and property owners in East Palestine, Ohio. Plaintiffs and Norfolk Southern reached a settlement for $600 million to resolve the consolidated class action claims of those within a 20-mile radius from the derailment, and, for those residents who choose to participate, personal injury claims within a 10-mile radius from the derailment. On September 25, 2024, the Court held a final approval hearing and two days later issued its final approval order for the settlement. To date, a handful of appeals challenging the fairness, reasonableness and adequacy of the settlement have been filed with the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals. On October 9, 2024, all parties to the litigation filed motions for summary judgment for the pending claims. Norfolk Southern has requested leave to reinstate its contribution claims against GATX and others. Trial is currently scheduled for March 31, 2025. On December 8, 2023, GATX and three other defendants were named as additional defendants in a putative class action lawsuit originally filed in federal court in Pennsylvania against Norfolk Southern by four Pennsylvania school districts and their students. The allegations largely mirror those in the action filed in federal court in Ohio. The amended complaint seeks monetary damages for the Pennsylvania plaintiffs for personal injury and property damage allegedly related to the derailment. The Company and other defendants filed a motion to dismiss on February 23, 2024. Briefing has been completed and the motions remain pending and undecided. The Court has not set any further deadlines. The Company is vigorously defending itself against each of these lawsuits. At this time, the Company cannot reasonably estimate the loss or range of loss, if any, that may ultimately be incurred in connection with any of these lawsuits and has not established any accruals for potential liability related to this incident. For a full discussion of our other pending legal matters, please refer to "Note 23. Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies" in Part II, Item 8 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Parent	$ 89.0	$ 52.5	$ 207.7	$ 193.2

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
Insider Trading Arrangements	Sep. 30, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

Leases (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Leases [Abstract]

Components of Lease Income

The following table shows the components of our lease revenue (in millions):


	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Operating lease revenue:
Fixed lease revenue	$	320.8	$	289.7	$	937.0	$	848.2
Variable lease revenue	27.6		24.2		77.3		70.6
Total operating lease revenue	$	348.4	$	313.9	$	1,014.3	$	918.8
Finance lease revenue	3.3		3.3		10.3		9.0
Total lease revenue	$	351.7	$	317.2	$	1,024.6	$	927.8

Components of Lease Income

The following table shows the components of our lease revenue (in millions):


	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Operating lease revenue:
Fixed lease revenue	$	320.8	$	289.7	$	937.0	$	848.2
Variable lease revenue	27.6		24.2		77.3		70.6
Total operating lease revenue	$	348.4	$	313.9	$	1,014.3	$	918.8
Finance lease revenue	3.3		3.3		10.3		9.0
Total lease revenue	$	351.7	$	317.2	$	1,024.6	$	927.8

Fair Value Disclosure (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Assets and liabilities at fair value recurring basis

The following table shows our the fair value and notional amounts of our derivative assets and liabilities (in millions):


		Significant Observable Inputs (Level 2)

	Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value September 30, 2024		Fair Value December 31, 2023
Derivative Assets

Foreign exchange contracts (1)	Other assets	$	—	$	0.5


Total derivative assets		$	—	$	0.5
Derivative Liabilities
Interest rate contracts (1)	Other liabilities	$	4.3	$	8.0

Foreign exchange contracts (2)	Other liabilities	10.8		10.5
Total derivative liabilities		$	15.1	$	18.5

_________

(1) Designated as hedges.

(2) Not designated as hedges.

Fair value hedging instruments

The following table shows the amounts recorded on the balance sheet related to cumulative basis adjustments for fair value hedges (in millions):


	Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)				Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Included in the Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)
Line Item in the Balance Sheet in Which the Hedged Item is Included	September 30 2024		December 31 2023		September 30 2024		December 31 2023
Recourse debt	$	(198.5)	$	(196.8)	$	(4.3)	$	(8.0)

The following tables show the impacts of our derivative instruments on our statements of comprehensive income (in millions):


	Amount of (Gain) Loss Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
Derivative Designation	2024		2023		2024		2023
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships:
Foreign exchange contracts	$	—	$	(6.1)	$	(3.4)	$	(3.6)
Total	$	—	$	(6.1)	$	(3.4)	$	(3.6)


Location of Loss (Gain) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss into Earnings	Amount of Loss (Gain) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss into Earnings
	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Interest expense	$	0.4	$	0.4	$	1.2	$	1.2
Other (expense) income	—		(5.7)		(3.7)		(3.3)
Total	$	0.4	$	(5.3)	$	(2.5)	$	(2.1)


	Amount of (Loss) Gain Recognized in Interest Expense on Fair Value and Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Total interest expense	$	(88.9)	$	(68.1)	$	(249.5)	$	(190.8)
(Loss) gain on fair value hedging relationships
Interest rate contracts:
Hedged items	(3.1)		(0.2)		(3.7)		0.1
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	3.1		0.2		3.7		(0.1)
Loss on cash flow hedging relationships
Interest rate contracts:
Amount of loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings	(0.4)		(0.4)		(1.2)		(1.2)

Cash flow hedging instruments

(1) These amounts are substantially offset by foreign currency remeasurement adjustments on related hedged instruments, also recognized in other expense.

(2) Foreign exchange contracts.

Other financial instruments

The following table shows the carrying amounts and fair values of our other financial instruments (in millions):


	September 30, 2024				December 31, 2023
	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value
Liabilities
Recourse fixed rate debt	$	7,701.8	$	7,530.6	$	7,026.6	$	6,614.6
Recourse floating rate debt	591.7		600.9		361.5		362.9
Total	$	8,293.5	$	8,131.5	$	7,388.1	$	6,977.5

Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Retirement Benefits [Abstract]

Components of pension and other post retirement benefit costs

The following table shows the components of net periodic cost for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 (in millions):


	2024 Pension Benefits		2023 Pension Benefits		2024 Retiree Health and Life		2023 Retiree Health and Life
Service cost	$	1.6	$	1.3	$	—	$	—
Interest cost	4.1		4.1		0.2		0.1
Expected return on plan assets	(5.4)		(5.2)		—		—

Amortization of (1):
Unrecognized prior service credit	—		—		(0.1)		—
Unrecognized net actuarial loss (gain)	0.3		0.2		(0.1)		(0.1)
Net periodic cost	$	0.6	$	0.4	$	—	$	—

The following table shows the components of net periodic cost for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 (in millions):


	2024 Pension Benefits		2023 Pension Benefits		2024 Retiree Health and Life		2023 Retiree Health and Life
Service cost	$	4.6	$	4.0	$	0.1	$	0.1
Interest cost	12.3		12.4		0.5		0.5
Expected return on plan assets	(16.2)		(15.9)		—		—
Settlement accounting adjustment	—		1.4		—		—
Amortization of (1):
Unrecognized prior service credit	—		—		(0.2)		(0.2)
Unrecognized net actuarial loss (gain)	0.8		0.7		(0.4)		(0.4)
Net periodic cost	$	1.5	$	2.6	$	—	$	—

_________

(1) Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss.

Commercial Commitments (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Guarantees [Abstract]

Commercial Commitments

NOTE 10. Commercial Commitments

The following table shows our commercial commitments (in millions):


	September 30 2024		December 31 2023
Standby letters of credit and performance bonds	$	8.7	$	8.7
Total commercial commitments (1)	$	8.7	$	8.7

_________

Earnings Per Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Computation of basic and diluted net income per common share

The following table shows the computation of our basic and diluted earnings per common share (in millions, except per share amounts):


	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Basic earnings per share:
Net income	$	89.0	$	52.5	$	207.7	$	193.2
Less: Net income allocated to participating securities	(1.5)		(0.9)		(3.7)		(3.7)
Net income available to common shareholders	$	87.5	$	51.6	$	204.0	$	189.5
Weighted-average shares outstanding - basic	35.8		35.7		35.8		35.6
Basic earnings per share	$	2.44	$	1.44	$	5.70	$	5.32

Diluted earnings per share:
Net income	$	89.0	$	52.5	$	207.7	$	193.2
Less: Net income allocated to participating securities	(1.5)		(0.9)		(3.7)		(3.7)
Net income available to common shareholders	$	87.5	$	51.6	$	204.0	$	189.5
Weighted-average shares outstanding - basic	35.8		35.7		35.8		35.6
Effect of dilutive securities:
Equity compensation plans	0.1		0.1		0.1		0.1
Weighted-average shares outstanding - diluted	35.9		35.8		35.9		35.7
Diluted earnings per share	$	2.43	$	1.44	$	5.68	$	5.30

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

The following table shows the change in components for accumulated other comprehensive loss (in millions):


	Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Unrealized Loss on Derivative Instruments		Post-Retirement Benefit Plans Adjustments		Total
Accumulated other comprehensive loss at December 31, 2023	$	(106.3)	$	(9.9)	$	(51.4)	$	(167.6)
Change in component	(14.4)		3.4		6.0		(5.0)
Reclassification adjustments into earnings (1)	—		(3.3)		—		(3.3)
Income tax effect	—		—		(1.5)		(1.5)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss at March 31, 2024	$	(120.7)	$	(9.8)	$	(46.9)	$	(177.4)
Change in component	(7.6)		—		—		(7.6)
Reclassification adjustments into earnings (1)	—		0.4		0.1		0.5
Income tax effect	—		(0.2)		(0.1)		(0.3)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss at June 30, 2024	$	(128.3)	$	(9.6)	$	(46.9)	$	(184.8)
Change in component	33.8		—		—		33.8
Reclassification adjustments into earnings (1)	—		0.4		0.1		0.5
Income tax effect	—		—		(0.1)		(0.1)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss at September 30, 2024	$	(94.5)	$	(9.2)	$	(46.9)	$	(150.6)

_________

(1) See "Note 6. Fair Value" and "Note 7. Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits" for impacts of the reclassification adjustments on the statements of comprehensive income.

Description of Business (Details) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
Description of Business (Details) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($) Segment	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Number of business segments \| Segment			3
Net gain on asset dispositions	$ 48.5	$ 16.9	$ 110.3	$ 105.1
Asset Impairment Charges			0.0	1.2
Portfolio Investments and Capital Additions	504.5	363.9	1,325.1	1,237.5
Rail International
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Net gain on asset dispositions	1.7	0.9	3.7	2.4
Asset Impairment Charges				0.0
Portfolio Investments and Capital Additions	$ 80.6	$ 129.6	$ 190.1	$ 288.0

Operating Assets and Facilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	$ 14,243.1		$ 14,243.1		$ 13,081.9
Less: allowance for depreciation	(3,866.7)		(3,866.7)		(3,670.7)
Operating assets and facilities, net	10,376.4		10,376.4		9,411.2
Total depreciation expense	108.0	$ 100.0	311.5	$ 289.4
Railcars and locomotives
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	12,703.5		12,703.5		11,700.8
Aircraft spare engines
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	935.8		935.8		769.7
Tank containers
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	256.4		256.4		237.7
Buildings, leasehold improvements, and other equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	257.1		257.1		253.0
Other
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	$ 90.3		$ 90.3		$ 120.7

Operating Assets and Facilities (Details1) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total depreciation expense	$ 108.0	$ 100.0	$ 311.5	$ 289.4

Leases - Components of Lease Income (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Operating lease revenue:
Variable lease revenue	$ 320.8	$ 289.7	$ 937.0	$ 848.2
Operating Lease, Variable Lease Income	27.6	24.2	77.3	70.6
Operating Lease, Lease Income	348.4	313.9	1,014.3	918.8
Finance lease revenue	3.3	3.3	10.3	9.0
Total lease revenue	351.7	317.2	1,024.6	927.8
Total operating lease revenue	29.7	23.1	86.5	68.8
gatxOperatingLeaseOtherIncome	$ 29.7	$ 23.1	$ 86.5	$ 68.8

Leases - Maturities of Lease Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Operating Leases
Total discounted lease liabilities	$ 187.5	$ 226.8
Total
Total discounted lease liabilities	$ 187.5	$ 226.8

Fair Value Disclosure - Narrative (Details) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
Fair Value Disclosure - Narrative (Details) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($) Instrument	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($) Instrument	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) Instrument
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain (loss) on cash flow hedges expected to be reclassified within next twelve months	$ 1.2
Gain (loss) on cash flow hedges expected to be reclassified within next twelve months, net of tax	0.9
Derivative, Fair Value, Net	$ 4.3	$ 4.3		$ 8.0
Asset Impairment Charges		0.0	$ 1.2
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Asset Impairment Charges		$ 0.0	1.2
Rail International
Derivative [Line Items]
Asset Impairment Charges			0.0
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Asset Impairment Charges			$ 0.0
Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] \| Fair Value Hedging [Member] \| Interest Rate Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Number of derivative instruments \| Instrument	4	4		4
Derivative, Notional Amount	$ 200.0	$ 200.0		$ 200.0
Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] \| Cash Flow Hedging [Member] \| Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Number of derivative instruments \| Instrument	3	3		1
Derivative, Notional Amount	$ 6.6	$ 6.6		$ 131.0

Fair Value Disclosure Fair Value Disclosure - Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Recurring [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative asset	$ 0.0	$ 0.5
Derivative liability	15.1	18.5
Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] \| Foreign Exchange Contract [Member] \| Fair Value, Recurring [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative asset	0.0	0.5
Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] \| Interest Rate Contract [Member] \| Fair Value Hedging [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative, Notional Amount	200.0	200.0
Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] \| Interest Rate Contract [Member] \| Fair Value, Recurring [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative liability	4.3
Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] \| Interest Rate Contract [Member] \| Fair Value, Recurring [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative liability		8.0
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] \| Foreign Exchange Contract [Member] \| Fair Value, Recurring [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative liability	$ 10.8	$ 10.5

Fair Value Disclosure Fair Value Disclosure - Amounts Recorded on Balance Sheet Related to Cumulative Basis Adjustments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Hedged Liability, Fair Value Hedge	$ (198.5)		$ (198.5)		$ (196.8)
Cash Flow Hedging [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Amount of (Gain) Loss Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	0.0	$ (6.1)	(3.4)	$ (3.6)
Foreign Exchange Contract [Member] \| Cash Flow Hedging [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Amount of (Gain) Loss Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	0.0	$ (6.1)	(3.4)	$ (3.6)
Recourse Debt [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Hedged Liability, Fair Value Hedge, Cumulative Increase (Decrease)	$ (4.3)		$ (4.3)		$ (8.0)

Fair Value Disclosure Fair Value Disclosure - Impacts of Derivative Instrument on Statement of Comprehensive Income (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Cash Flow Hedge, Gain (Loss), Reclassification, before Tax	$ 0.4	$ (5.3)	$ (2.5)	$ (2.1)
Other (expense) income	(0.9)	1.8	(10.9)	(7.1)
Interest Expense, Nonoperating	88.9	68.1	249.5	190.8
Cash Flow Hedging [Member]
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Amount of (Gain) Loss Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	0.0	(6.1)	(3.4)	(3.6)
Interest Expense [Member]
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Interest Expense, Nonoperating	(0.4)	(0.4)	(1.2)	(1.2)
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member]
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Other (expense) income	0.9	3.2	(0.3)	(8.0)
Foreign Exchange Contract [Member] \| Cash Flow Hedging [Member]
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Amount of (Gain) Loss Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	0.0	(6.1)	(3.4)	(3.6)
Other (expense) income	0.0	5.7	3.7	3.3
Other (Income) Expense [Member]
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Cash Flow Hedge, Gain (Loss), Reclassification, before Tax	$ 0.0	$ (5.7)	$ (3.7)	$ (3.3)

Fair Value Disclosure Fair Value Disclosure - Impact of Cash Flow and Hedge Accounting Relationships (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Other (expense) income	$ (0.9)	$ 1.8	$ (10.9)	$ (7.1)
Interest Expense, Nonoperating	(88.9)	(68.1)	(249.5)	(190.8)
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member]
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Other (expense) income	0.9	3.2	(0.3)	(8.0)
Interest Rate Contract [Member] \| Cash Flow Hedging [Member]
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Interest Expense, Operating and Nonoperating	(0.4)	(0.4)	(1.2)	(1.2)
Interest Rate Contract [Member] \| Fair Value Hedging [Member]
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative, Amount of Hedged Item	(3.1)	(0.2)	(3.7)	0.1
Interest Rate Contract [Member] \| Fair Value Hedging [Member] \| Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member]
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Change in Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Fair Value Hedging Instruments	3.1	0.2	3.7	(0.1)
Foreign Exchange Contract [Member] \| Cash Flow Hedging [Member]
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Other (expense) income	$ 0.0	$ 5.7	$ 3.7	$ 3.3

Fair Value Disclosure Fair Value Disclosure - Other Financial Instruments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Fair Value Disclosure	$ 8,131.5	$ 6,977.5
Recourse Debt	8,293.5	7,388.1
Reported Value Measurement [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Recourse Fixed Rate Debt Fair Value Disclosure	7,701.8	7,026.6
Recourse Floating Rate Debt Fair Value Disclosure	591.7	361.5
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Recourse Fixed Rate Debt Fair Value Disclosure	7,530.6	6,614.6
Recourse Floating Rate Debt Fair Value Disclosure	$ 600.9	$ 362.9

Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits - Components of Net Periodic Cost (Benefit) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Service cost	$ 1.6	$ 1.3	$ 4.7	$ 4.1
Net Periodic Defined Benefits Expense (Reversal of Expense), Excluding Service Cost Component	(1.0)	(0.9)	(3.2)	(1.5)
Defined Benefit Pension [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Service cost	1.6	1.3	4.6	4.0
Interest cost	4.1	4.1	12.3	12.4
Expected return on plan assets	(5.4)	(5.2)	(16.2)	(15.9)
Defined Benefit Plan, Amortization of Prior Service Cost (Credit)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Defined Benefit Plan, Amortization of Gain (Loss)	0.3	0.2	0.8	0.7
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit), Total	0.6	0.4	1.5	2.6
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit), Gain (Loss) Due to Settlement			0.0	1.4
Retiree Health and Life [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Service cost	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1
Interest cost	0.2	0.1	0.5	0.5
Expected return on plan assets	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Defined Benefit Plan, Amortization of Prior Service Cost (Credit)	(0.1)	0.0	(0.2)	(0.2)
Defined Benefit Plan, Amortization of Gain (Loss)	(0.1)	(0.1)	(0.4)	(0.4)
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit), Total	$ 0.0	$ 0.0	0.0	0.0
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit), Gain (Loss) Due to Settlement			$ 0.0	$ 0.0

Share Based Compensation - Weighted Average and Assumptions (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Share-based compensation expense	$ 4.8	$ 2.8	$ 15.6	$ 11.4
Tax benefit from share-based compensation expense	$ 1.2	$ 0.7	$ 3.7	$ 2.9
Weighted average estimated fair value	$ 45.22		$ 45.22
Quarterly dividend rate			$ 0.58
Expected term of stock options and stock appreciation rights, in years			4 years 2 months 12 days
Risk-free interest rate			4.00%
Dividend yield			1.80%
Expected stock price volatility			34.70%
Present value of dividends			$ 8.87

Share Based Compensation - Outstanding Options and Rights (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense	$ 4.8	$ 2.8	$ 15.6	$ 11.4
Tax benefit from share-based compensation expense	1.2	0.7	3.7	2.9
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price [Abstract]
Tax benefit from share-based compensation expense	$ 1.2	$ 0.7	$ 3.7	$ 2.9

Share Based Compensation (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Gross			194,100
Share-based compensation expense	$ 4.8	$ 2.8	$ 15.6	$ 11.4
Tax benefit from share-based compensation expense	$ 1.2	$ 0.7	$ 3.7	$ 2.9
Restricted Stock [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period			32,114
Performance Shares [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period			38,940
Director Shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period			12,712

Income Taxes (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
Income Taxes (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Percent			25.80%	26.50%
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Amount [Abstract]
Income tax benefit	$ 22.9	$ 14.5	$ 51.9	$ 52.3

Commercial Commitments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total commercial commitments	$ 8.7	$ 8.7
Standby letters of credit [Member]
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total commercial commitments	$ 8.7	$ 8.7

Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Numerator:
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Parent	$ 89.0	$ 52.5	$ 207.7	$ 193.2
Undistributed Earnings (Loss) Allocated to Participating Securities, Basic	(1.5)	(0.9)	(3.7)	(3.7)
Undistributed Earnings (Loss) Allocated to Participating Securities, Diluted	(1.5)	(0.9)	(3.7)	(3.7)
Net Income (Loss) Available to Common Stockholders, Basic	87.5	51.6	204.0	189.5
Net Income (Loss) Available to Common Stockholders, Diluted	$ 87.5	$ 51.6	$ 204.0	$ 189.5
Denominator:
Denominator for basic earnings per share — weighted average shares	35,800	35,700	35,800	35,600
Basic earnings per share from consolidated operations (in dollars per share)	$ 2.44	$ 1.44	$ 5.70	$ 5.32
Effect of dilutive securities:
Equity compensation plans	100	100	100	100
Weighted-average shares outstanding - diluted	35,900	35,800	35,900	35,700
Diluted earnings per share (in dollars per share)	$ 2.43	$ 1.44	$ 5.68	$ 5.30

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance			$ 2,273.0
Change in component	$ 33.8	$ (7.6)	(5.0)
Reclassification adjustments into earnings	(0.5)	(0.5)	3.3
Income tax effect	0.1	0.3	1.5
Ending balance	2,436.7
AOCI Attributable to Parent [Member]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	(184.8)	(177.4)	(167.6)
Ending balance	(150.6)	(184.8)	(177.4)
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	(128.3)	(120.7)	(106.3)
Change in component	33.8	(7.6)	(14.4)
Reclassification adjustments into earnings	0.0	0.0	0.0
Income tax effect	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ending balance	(94.5)	(128.3)	(120.7)
Unrealized Loss on Derivative Instruments
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	(9.6)	(9.8)	(9.9)
Change in component	0.0	0.0	3.4
Reclassification adjustments into earnings	0.4	0.4	(3.3)
Income tax effect	0.0	0.2	0.0
Ending balance	(9.2)	(9.6)	(9.8)
Post-Retirement Benefit Plans Adjustments
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	46.9	46.9	51.4
Change in component	0.0	0.0	6.0
Reclassification adjustments into earnings	0.1	0.1	0.0
Income tax effect	(0.1)	(0.1)	(1.5)
Ending balance	$ 46.9	$ 46.9	$ 46.9

Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies (Details) - Almasy, et al. v. Norfolk Southern Corp $ in Millions	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2024 individual_resident
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Number of individual residents \| individual_resident		40
Litigation Settlement, Amount Awarded to Other Party \| $	$ 600

Financial Data of Business Segments (Details)	3 Months Ended			9 Months Ended
Financial Data of Business Segments (Details)	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($) Segment	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item for Operating Profit (Loss) from Segment to Consolidated [Line Items]
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Parent	$ 89,000,000.0	$ 52,500,000		$ 207,700,000	$ 193,200,000
Provision for Income Taxes, Equity Method Investment	8,900,000	4,500,000		17,200,000	17,700,000
Lease Income	351,700,000	317,200,000		1,024,600,000	927,800,000
Marine operating revenue	0	600,000		0	6,100,000
Other Operating Income	35,600,000	28,700,000		102,400,000	83,800,000
Total Revenues	405,400,000	360,100,000		1,172,000,000	1,042,200,000
Cost of Property Repairs and Maintenance	95,900,000	87,900,000		283,900,000	254,100,000
Marine operating expense	0	1,000,000.0		0	5,400,000
Depreciation	103,400,000	96,200,000		297,900,000	278,100,000
Operating Lease, Expense	8,000,000.0	9,000,000.0		26,000,000.0	27,000,000.0
Other operating expense	14,100,000	12,000,000.0		41,500,000	34,000,000.0
Total Expenses	221,400,000	206,100,000		649,300,000	598,600,000
Other (expense) income	(900,000)	1,800,000		(10,900,000)	(7,100,000)
Share of affiliates' earnings (pre-tax)	35,300,000	17,900,000		75,900,000	65,800,000
Segment profit (loss)	178,000,000.0	122,500,000		448,500,000	416,600,000
Income tax benefit	22,900,000	14,500,000		51,900,000	52,300,000
Selling, general and administrative	57,200,000	51,000,000.0		171,700,000	153,400,000
Disposition Gains on Owned Assets	44,900,000	13,100,000		98,400,000	94,700,000
Nonoperating Income, Residual Sharing Income	100,000	300,000		300,000	700,000
Nonremarketing Disposition Gain (Loss)	3,500,000	3,500,000		11,600,000	10,900,000
Portfolio Investments and Capital Additions	504,500,000	363,900,000		1,325,100,000	1,237,500,000
Identifiable assets	12,379,900,000			12,379,900,000
Investments in and Advance to Affiliates, Subsidiaries, Associates, and Joint Ventures	(690,300,000)			(690,300,000)		$ (627,000,000.0)
Assets	(12,379,900,000)			$ (12,379,900,000)		(11,326,000,000)
Number of business segments \| Segment				3
Asset Impairment Charges				$ 0	1,200,000
Non-dedicated engine revenue	18,100,000	13,600,000		45,000,000.0	24,500,000
Net gain on asset dispositions	48,500,000	16,900,000		110,300,000	105,100,000
Interest Expense, Nonoperating	88,900,000	68,100,000		249,500,000	190,800,000
Rolls Royce
Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item for Operating Profit (Loss) from Segment to Consolidated [Line Items]
Payment for Management Fee	1,100,000	900,000		2,900,000	1,900,000
Payment for Management Fee	1,100,000	900,000		2,900,000	1,900,000
Parent [Member]
Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item for Operating Profit (Loss) from Segment to Consolidated [Line Items]
Income tax benefit	31,800,000	19,000,000.0		69,100,000	70,000,000.0
Rail North America [Member]
Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item for Operating Profit (Loss) from Segment to Consolidated [Line Items]
Lease Income	249,200,000	225,200,000		727,800,000	659,200,000
Marine operating revenue		0			0
Other Operating Income	29,300,000	22,700,000		86,100,000	68,000,000.0
Total Revenues	278,500,000	247,900,000		813,900,000	727,200,000
Cost of Property Repairs and Maintenance	77,700,000	69,400,000		228,000,000.0	203,100,000
Marine operating expense		0			0
Depreciation	69,200,000	66,900,000		201,100,000	198,500,000
Operating Lease, Expense	8,000,000.0	9,000,000.0		26,000,000.0	27,000,000.0
Other operating expense	7,000,000.0	6,500,000		20,100,000	20,200,000
Total Expenses	161,900,000	151,800,000		475,200,000	448,800,000
Other (expense) income	(800,000)	1,200,000		(3,200,000)	(1,300,000)
Share of affiliates' earnings (pre-tax)	100,000	(100,000)		100,000	(500,000)
Segment profit (loss)	102,400,000	66,100,000		271,500,000	240,600,000
Disposition Gains on Owned Assets	43,600,000	13,000,000.0		96,300,000	88,400,000
Nonoperating Income, Residual Sharing Income	100,000	100,000		300,000	300,000
Nonremarketing Disposition Gain (Loss)	3,000,000.0	2,400,000		9,200,000	8,700,000
Portfolio Investments and Capital Additions	325,900,000	197,000,000.0		955,700,000	654,800,000
Identifiable assets	7,654,800,000			7,654,800,000		6,993,800,000
Investments in and Advance to Affiliates, Subsidiaries, Associates, and Joint Ventures	(300,000)			(300,000)		200,000
Asset Impairment Charges					0
Net gain on asset dispositions	46,700,000	15,500,000		105,800,000	97,400,000
Interest Expense, Nonoperating	60,200,000	46,600,000		169,900,000	133,400,000
Rail International
Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item for Operating Profit (Loss) from Segment to Consolidated [Line Items]
Lease Income	86,300,000	75,600,000		248,900,000	219,100,000
Marine operating revenue		0			0
Other Operating Income	4,300,000	3,600,000		10,600,000	9,600,000
Total Revenues	90,600,000	79,200,000		259,500,000	228,700,000
Cost of Property Repairs and Maintenance	17,000,000.0	17,100,000		52,700,000	47,600,000
Marine operating expense		0			0
Depreciation	20,300,000	17,500,000		58,600,000	49,800,000
Operating Lease, Expense	0	0		0	0
Other operating expense	3,700,000	2,700,000		10,800,000	7,200,000
Total Expenses	41,000,000.0	37,300,000		122,100,000	104,600,000
Other (expense) income	1,100,000	(100,000)		800,000	(7,000,000.0)
Share of affiliates' earnings (pre-tax)	0	0		0	0
Segment profit (loss)	33,900,000	28,200,000		89,200,000	79,000,000.0
Disposition Gains on Owned Assets	1,200,000	0		1,300,000	500,000
Nonoperating Income, Residual Sharing Income	0	0		0	0
Nonremarketing Disposition Gain (Loss)	500,000	900,000		2,400,000	1,900,000
Portfolio Investments and Capital Additions	80,600,000	129,600,000		190,100,000	288,000,000.0
Identifiable assets	2,358,500,000			2,358,500,000		2,175,200,000
Investments in and Advance to Affiliates, Subsidiaries, Associates, and Joint Ventures	0			0		0
Asset Impairment Charges					0
Gain (Loss) on Disposition of Business			$ 300,000
Net gain on asset dispositions	1,700,000	900,000		3,700,000	2,400,000
Interest Expense, Nonoperating	18,500,000	14,500,000		52,700,000	40,500,000
Gain (Loss) on Disposition of Business			$ 300,000
Other
Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item for Operating Profit (Loss) from Segment to Consolidated [Line Items]
Lease Income	8,100,000	8,300,000		23,600,000	25,000,000.0
Marine operating revenue		0			0
Other Operating Income	2,000,000.0	2,300,000		5,700,000	6,100,000
Total Revenues	10,100,000	10,600,000		29,300,000	31,100,000
Cost of Property Repairs and Maintenance	1,200,000	1,400,000		3,200,000	3,400,000
Marine operating expense		0		0	0
Depreciation	3,800,000	3,400,000		11,100,000	9,900,000
Operating Lease, Expense	0	0			0
Other operating expense	800,000	700,000		3,600,000	2,200,000
Total Expenses	5,800,000	5,500,000		17,900,000	15,500,000
Other (expense) income	(1,300,000)	900,000		(8,800,000)	1,700,000
Share of affiliates' earnings (pre-tax)	0	0		0	0
Segment profit (loss)	4,200,000	8,000,000.0		6,200,000	21,900,000
Disposition Gains on Owned Assets	100,000	100,000		200,000	300,000
Nonoperating Income, Residual Sharing Income	0	0		0	0
Nonremarketing Disposition Gain (Loss)	0	200,000		0	300,000
Portfolio Investments and Capital Additions	3,200,000	9,000,000.0		13,200,000	27,400,000
Identifiable assets	789,900,000			789,900,000		801,900,000
Investments in and Advance to Affiliates, Subsidiaries, Associates, and Joint Ventures	0			0		0
Asset Impairment Charges					0
Net gain on asset dispositions	100,000	300,000		200,000	600,000
Interest Expense, Nonoperating	(1,100,000)	(1,700,000)		(3,400,000)	(4,000,000.0)
Engine Leasing
Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item for Operating Profit (Loss) from Segment to Consolidated [Line Items]
Lease Income	8,100,000	8,100,000		24,300,000	24,500,000
Marine operating revenue		600,000			6,100,000
Other Operating Income	0	100,000		0	100,000
Total Revenues	26,200,000	22,400,000		69,300,000	55,200,000
Cost of Property Repairs and Maintenance	0	0		0	0
Marine operating expense		1,000,000.0			5,400,000
Depreciation	10,100,000	8,400,000		27,100,000	19,900,000
Operating Lease, Expense	0	0		0	0
Other operating expense	2,600,000	2,100,000		7,000,000.0	4,400,000
Total Expenses	12,700,000	11,500,000		34,100,000	29,700,000
Other (expense) income	100,000	(200,000)		300,000	(500,000)
Share of affiliates' earnings (pre-tax)	35,200,000	18,000,000.0		75,800,000	66,300,000
Segment profit (loss)	37,500,000	20,200,000		81,600,000	75,100,000
Disposition Gains on Owned Assets	0	0		600,000	5,500,000
Nonoperating Income, Residual Sharing Income	0	200,000		0	400,000
Nonremarketing Disposition Gain (Loss)	0	0		0	0
Portfolio Investments and Capital Additions	94,800,000	28,300,000		166,100,000	267,300,000
Identifiable assets	1,576,700,000			1,576,700,000		1,355,100,000
Investments in and Advance to Affiliates, Subsidiaries, Associates, and Joint Ventures	(690,000,000.0)			(690,000,000.0)		$ 626,800,000
Asset Impairment Charges					1,200,000
Non-dedicated engine revenue	18,100,000	13,600,000		45,000,000.0	24,500,000
Net gain on asset dispositions	0	200,000		600,000	4,700,000
Interest Expense, Nonoperating	$ 11,300,000	$ 8,700,000		$ 30,300,000	$ 20,900,000

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