NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2022 AND 2021
1.
ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
Bio
Essence Corporation (“the Company” or “Bio Essence”) was incorporated in 2000 in the state of California.
Fusion Diet Systems (“FDS”) was incorporated in 2010 in the state of Utah. Bio Essence and FDS were under common control
since 2016. Bio Essence and FDS are mainly engaged in manufacturing and distributing health supplement products. In January 2017,
Bio Essence incorporated two subsidiaries in the state of California: Bio Essence Pharmaceutical Inc. (“BEP”) and Bio Essence
Herbal Essentials, Inc. (“BEH”), Bio Essence transferred its manufacturing operation to BEP, and transferred its distributing
operation to BEH. On March 1, 2017, the 100% shareholder of FDS transferred all of her ownership in FDS to Bio Essence. On December
7, 2021, the Company dissolved FDS. On November 12, 2021, Bio Essence incorporated a wholly owned subsidiary McBE Pharma Inc. (“McBE”)
in the state of California, McBE will be engaged in developing, manufacturing and sales of prescription medicine. As a result of the
ownership restructure, BEP BEH and McBE became wholly owned subsidiaries of Bio Essence. McBE has not engaged any operations since its
inception.
In
December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus, causing a disease referred to as COVID-19, was reported. In March 2020, the World Health
Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic, and the pandemic has resulted in quarantines, travel restrictions, and the temporary
closure of office buildings and facilities in the US. The state of California, where the Company is headquartered, has been affected
by COVID-19. The global economy has also been materially negatively affected by COVID-19 and there is continued uncertainty about
the duration and intensity of its impacts. While the potential economic impact brought by, and the duration of, COVID-19 may be difficult
to assess or predict, a widespread pandemic could result in significant disruption of global financial markets, reducing the Company’s
ability to access capital, which could negatively affect the Company’s liquidity.
2.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis
of Presentation and Consolidation
The
accompanying consolidated financial statements (“CFS”) are prepared in conformity with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting
Principles (“US GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”)
regarding interim financial reporting. The functional currency of Bio Essence is U.S. dollars (“$’’). The accompanying
financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars (“$”). The consolidated financial statements include the financial
statements of the Company and its subsidiaries, BEP, BEH and McBE. All significant inter-company transactions and balances were eliminated
in consolidation.
Reclassification
Certain
prior period accounts have been reclassified in conformity with current period’s presentation. These reclassifications had no impact
on the reported results of operations and cash flows.
Going
Concern
The
Company incurred net losses of $809,679 and $647,564 for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The Company
also had an accumulated deficit of $8,168,595 as of December 31, 2022. These conditions raise a substantial doubt about the Company’s
ability to continue as a going concern. The Company plans to increase its income by strengthening its sales force, providing attractive
sales incentive program, and increasing marketing and promotion activities. Management also intends to raise additional funds by way
of a private or public offering, or by obtaining loans from banks or others. While the Company believes in the viability of its strategy
to generate sufficient revenue and in its ability to raise additional funds on reasonable terms and conditions, there can be no assurances
to that effect. The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent upon the Company’s ability to further implement
its business plan and generate sufficient revenue and its ability to raise additional funds by way of a public or private offering. The
financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Use
of Estimates
In
preparing financial statements in conformity with US GAAP, management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts
of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements, as well as the
reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.
Significant
estimates, required by management, include the recoverability of long-lived assets, allowance for doubtful accounts, and the reserve
for obsolete and slow-moving inventories. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Leases
The
Company follows ASC 842 and determines if an arrangement is a lease or contains a lease at inception. Operating leases are included in
operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets, and operating lease liabilities (current and non-current) in the Company’s
consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases are included in property and equipment, and finance lease liabilities (current and non-current)
in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.
ROU
assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the obligation to make lease
payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present
value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company generally
uses the incremental borrowing rate based on the estimated rate of interest for collateralized borrowing over a similar term of the lease
payments at commencement date. The operating lease ROU asset also includes any lease payments made and excludes lease incentives. The
Company’s lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will
exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
The
Company elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance to combine the lease and non-lease components
as a single lease component for operating leases associated with the Company’s office space lease, and to keep leases with an initial
term of 12 months or less off the balance sheet and recognize the associated lease payments in the consolidated statements of income
on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
ROU
assets are reviewed for impairment when indicators of impairment are present. ROU assets from operating and finance leases are subject
to the impairment guidance in ASC 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment, as ROU assets are long-lived nonfinancial assets. The Company
recognized no impairment of ROU assets as of December 31, 2022 and 2021.
Cash
and Equivalents
For
financial statement purposes, the Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to
be cash equivalents.
Accounts
Receivable
The
Company’s policy is to maintain an allowance for potential credit losses on accounts receivable. Management reviews the composition
of accounts receivable and analyzes historical bad debts, customer concentrations, customer credit worthiness, current economic trends
and changes in customer payment patterns to evaluate the adequacy of these reserves. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the bad debt allowance
was $2,252 and $2,252, respectively.
Inventory
Inventories
are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value with cost determined on a weighted-average basis. Management compares the cost
of inventories with the net realizable value and an allowance is made for writing down their inventories to net realizable value, if
lower.
Property
and Equipment
Property
and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation, and impairment losses, if any. Major repairs and betterments that significantly
extend original useful lives or improve productivity are capitalized and depreciated over the period benefited. Maintenance and repairs
are expensed as incurred. When property and equipment are retired or otherwise disposed of, the related cost and accumulated depreciation
are removed from the respective accounts, and any gain or loss is included in operations. Depreciation of property and equipment
is provided using the straight-line method for substantially all assets as follows:
Leasehold improvements | |
| 7-10 years | |
Office furniture | |
| 5 years | |
Impairment
of Long-Lived Assets
Long-lived
assets, which include property and equipment and intangible assets, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances
indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable.
Recoverability
of long-lived assets to be held and used is measured by comparing of the carrying amount of an asset to the estimated undiscounted future
cash flows expected to be generated by it. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated undiscounted future cash flows, an
impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its fair value (“FV”). FV
is generally determined using the asset’s expected future discounted cash flows or market value, if readily determinable. Based
on its review, the Company believes that, as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, there was no significant impairments of its long-lived assets.
Income
Taxes
Income
taxes are accounted for using an asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes in accordance with ASC Topic 740, “Income
Taxes.” Under this method, income tax expense is recognized for the amount of: (i) taxes payable or refundable for the current
period and (ii) deferred tax consequences of temporary differences resulting from matters that have been recognized in an entity’s
financial statements or tax returns. Deferred tax assets also include the prior years’ net operating losses carried forward. Deferred
tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary
differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized
in the results of operations in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is provided to reduce the deferred
tax assets reported if based on the weight of the available positive and negative evidence, it is more likely than not some portion or
all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
The
Company follows ASC Topic 740, which prescribes a more-likely-than-not threshold for financial statement recognition and measurement
of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. ASC Topic 740 also provides guidance on recognition of income tax assets
and liabilities, classification of current and deferred income tax assets and liabilities, accounting for interest and penalties associated
with tax positions, accounting for income taxes in interim periods, and income tax disclosures.
Under
the provisions of ASC Topic 740, when tax returns are filed, it is likely that some positions taken would be sustained upon examination
by the taxing authorities, while others are subject to uncertainty about the merits of the position taken or the amount of the position
that would be ultimately sustained. The benefit of a tax position is recognized in the financial statements in the period during which,
based on all available evidence, management believes it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination,
including the resolution of appeals or litigation processes, if any. Tax positions taken are not offset or aggregated with other positions.
Tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold are measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that is more
than 50% likely of being realized upon settlement with the applicable taxing authority. The portion of the benefits associated with
tax positions taken that exceeds the amount measured as described above is reflected as a liability for unrecognized tax benefits in
the accompanying balance sheets along with any associated interest and penalties that would be payable to the taxing authorities upon
examination. Interest associated with unrecognized tax benefits is classified as interest expense and penalties are classified in selling,
general and administrative expenses in the statement of income.
At
December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company did not take any uncertain positions that would necessitate recording a tax related liability.
The Company files a U.S. income tax return. With few exceptions, the Company’s U.S. income tax return filed for the years ending
on December 31, 2019 and thereafter are subject to examination by the relevant taxing authorities.
The Company accounts for income taxes in interim periods in accordance with FASB ASC 740-270, “Interim Reporting.” The Company
has determined an estimated annual effective tax rate. The rate will be revised, if necessary, as of the end of each successive interim
period during the Company’s fiscal year to its best current estimate. The estimated annual effective tax rate is applied to the
year-to-date ordinary income (or loss) at the end of the interim period.
Revenue
Recognition
The
Company recognizes revenues following the five-step model prescribed under ASC 606: (i) identify contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify
the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance
obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenues when (or as) we satisfy the performance obligation.
Revenue
is measured at the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for the sale of our product, which occurs at a point in time,
typically upon delivery to the customer. The Company expenses incremental costs of obtaining a contract as and when incurred if the expected
amortization period of the asset that it would have recognized is one year or less or the amount is immaterial.
Revenues
from sales of goods are measured at net of reserves established for applicable discounts and allowances that are offered within contracts
with the Company’s customers and are recognized when the goods are delivered to the customers.
Product
revenue reserves, which are classified as a reduction in product revenues, are generally characterized in the following categories: discounts,
returns and rebates. These reserves are based on estimates of the amounts earned or to be claimed on the related sales and are classified
as reductions of accounts receivable as the amount is payable to the Company’s customers.
Revenues
from manufacture services are recognized when the manufacture process is completed pursuant to the customers’ requirement and the
manufactured goods were delivered to the customers.
The
Company’s return policy allows for the return of damaged or defective products and shipment errors. A notice of damage or wrong
items should make within five days from receiving the goods, and actual return of the products must be completed within 30 days from
the date of receiving the goods. Delayed notification for damaged or wrong products will not be accepted for return or exchange. Custom
formulas and capsules are not returnable. The amount for return of products was immaterial for the years ended December 31, 2022 and
2021.
Cost
of Revenue
Cost
of goods sold (“COGS”) consists primarily of finished goods purchased from other manufacturers, material costs, labor costs
and related overhead that are directly attributable to the production of the products. Write-down of inventory to lower of cost or net
realizable value is also recorded in COGS.
Cost
of manufacture service consists primarily of direct labor costs and related overhead that are directly attributable to the manufacture
process.
Shipping
and Handling Costs
Shipping
and handling costs related to delivery of finished goods are included in selling expenses. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and
2021, shipping and handling costs were $34,980 and $36,706, respectively.
Advertising
Advertising
expenses consist primarily of costs of promotion and marketing for the Company’s image and products, and costs of direct advertising,
and are included in selling expenses. The Company expenses all advertising costs as incurred. During the years ended December 31, 2022
and 2021, advertising expense was $25,874 and $21,727, respectively.
Fair
Value (“FV”) of Financial Instruments
Certain
of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash and equivalents, accrued liabilities and accounts payable, carrying amounts
approximate their FV due to their short maturities. FASB ASC Topic 825, “Financial Instruments,” requires disclosure of the
FV of financial instruments held by the Company. The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheets for current liabilities each qualify
as financial instruments and are a reasonable estimate of their FV because of the short period of time between the origination of such
instruments and their expected realization and the current market rate of interest.
Fair
Value Measurements and Disclosures
ASC
Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” defines FV, and establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosures
of FV measurement that enhances disclosure requirements for FV measures. The three levels are defined as follow:
| ● | Level
1 inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. |
| ● | Level
2 inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are
observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument. |
| ● | Level
3 inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the FV measurement. |
As
of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company did not identify any assets and liabilities that are required to be presented on the balance
sheet at FV. The carrying value of cash, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses, advances to suppliers, accounts payable, taxes payable,
other payables and accrued liabilities approximate estimated fair values because of their short maturities.
Share-based
Compensation
The
Company accounts for share-based compensation awards in accordance with ASC 718, “Compensation – Stock Compensation”.
The cost of services received from employees and non-employees in exchange for awards of equity instruments is recognized in the consolidated
statement of operations based on the estimated fair value of those awards on the grant date and amortized on a straight-line basis over
the requisite service period or vesting period. The Company records forfeitures as they occur.
Earnings
(Loss) per Share (EPS)
Basic
EPS is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS is computed
similar to basic net income per share except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common shares that
would have been outstanding if all the potential common shares pertaining to warrants, stock options, and similar instruments had been
issued and if the additional common shares were dilutive. Diluted EPS are based on the assumption that all dilutive convertible shares
and stock options and warrants were converted or exercised. Dilution is computed by applying the treasury stock method for the outstanding
unvested restricted stock, options and warrants, and the if-converted method for the outstanding convertible instruments. Under the treasury
stock method, options and warrants are assumed to be exercised at the beginning of the period (or at the time of issuance, if later)
and as if funds obtained thereby were used to purchase common stock at the average market price during the period. Under the if-converted
method, outstanding convertible instruments are assumed to be converted into common stock at the beginning of the period (or at the time
of issuance, if later). There were no potentially dilutive securities outstanding (options and warrants) for the years ended December
31, 2022 and 2021.
Concentration
of Credit Risk
Financial
instruments that potentially subject the Company to credit risk consist primarily of accounts and other receivables. The Company does
not require collateral or other security to support these receivables. The Company conducts periodic reviews of the financial condition
and payment practices of its customers to minimize collection risk on accounts receivable.
For
the years ended December 31, 2022, the company had two major customers accounted for 10% and 10%, respectively, of
the Company’s total sales. For the years ended December 31, 2021, no customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s
total sales.
The
Company had four major vendors accounted for 17%, 15%, 12% and 12%, respectively, of total purchases
during the years ended December 31, 2022. The Company had three major vendors accounted for 33%, 17% and 17%,
respectively, of total purchases during the year ended December 31, 2021.
Segment
Reporting
ASC
Topic 280, “Segment Reporting,” requires use of the “management approach” model for segment reporting. The management
approach model is based on the way a company’s chief operating decision maker organizes segments within the Company for making
operating decisions assessing performance and allocating resources. Reportable segments are based on products and services, geography,
legal structure, management structure, or any other manner in which management disaggregates a company.
Management
determined the Company’s operations constitute a single reportable segment in accordance with ASC 280. The Company operates exclusively
in one business and industry segment: manufacture and sale of health supplement products.
New
Accounting Pronouncements
Recently
issued accounting pronouncements not yet adopted
In
August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Debt - Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470- 20) and Derivatives
and Hedging - Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s
Own Equity (“ASU 2020-06”), which simplifies the accounting for certain financial instruments with characteristics of
liabilities and equity. This ASU (1) simplifies the accounting for convertible debt instruments and convertible preferred stock by removing
the existing guidance in ASC 470-20, Debt: Debt with Conversion and Other Options, that requires entities to account for beneficial
conversion features and cash conversion features in equity, separately from the host convertible debt or preferred stock; (2) revises
the scope exception from derivative accounting in ASC 815-40 for freestanding financial instruments and embedded features that are both
indexed to the issuer’s own stock and classified in stockholders’ equity, by removing certain criteria required for equity
classification; and (3) revises the guidance in ASC 260, Earnings Per Share, to require entities to calculate diluted earnings per
share (EPS) for convertible instruments by using the if-converted method. In addition, entities must presume share settlement for purposes
of calculating diluted EPS when an instrument may be settled in cash or shares. For SEC filers, excluding smaller reporting companies,
ASU 2020-06 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early
adoption is permitted, but no earlier than fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. For all other entities, ASU 2020-06 is effective
for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Entities should adopt the guidance
as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption and cannot adopt the guidance in an interim reporting period. The Company is currently
evaluating the impact that ASU 2020-06 may have on its CFS and related disclosures.
3. INVENTORY
Inventory
consisted of the following at December 31, 2022 and 2021:
| |
December 31, 2022 | | |
December 31, 2021 | |
| |
| | |
| |
Raw materials | |
$ | 60,705 | | |
$ | 49,706 | |
Finished goods – health supplements | |
| 146,576 | | |
| 189,360 | |
Less: inventory impairment allowance | |
| (26,118 | ) | |
| (26,097 | ) |
Total | |
$ | 181,163 | | |
$ | 212,969 | |
4. SECURITY
DEPOSIT
As of December
31, 2022 and 2021, the security deposit was for rent of the Company’s office and warehouse of $41,841.
5. PROPERTY
AND EQUIPMENT, NET
Property
and equipment consisted of the following at December 31, 2022 and 2021:
| |
December 31, 2022 | | |
December 31, 2021 | |
| |
| | |
| |
Leaseholder improvements | |
$ | 57,067 | | |
$ | 57,067 | |
Office furniture and equipment | |
| 406,241 | | |
| 287,029 | |
Total | |
| 463,308 | | |
| 344,096 | |
Less: accumulated depreciation | |
| (216,929 | ) | |
| (163,187 | ) |
Net | |
$ | 246,379 | | |
$ | 180,909 | |
Depreciation
for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $53,742 and $29,453, respectively.
6. INTANGIBLE
ASSETS, NET
Intangible
assets consisted of the following as of December 31, 2022 and 2021:
| |
December 31, 2022 | | |
December 31, 2021 | |
| |
| | |
| |
Computer Software | |
$ | 36,928 | | |
$ | 36,928 | |
Trademark | |
| 2,350 | | |
| 2,350 | |
Total | |
| 39,278 | | |
| 39,278 | |
Less: accumulated amortization | |
| (38,476 | ) | |
| (38,241 | ) |
Net | |
$ | 802 | | |
$ | 1,037 | |
Amortization
of intangible assets was $235 and $6,349 for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Estimated
amortization for the existing intangible assets with finite lives for each of the next five years at December 31, 2022
is as follows: $235, $235, $235 and $98.
7. TAXES
PAYABLE
Taxes payable
at December 31, 2022 and 2021, was for sales tax and payroll tax payable of $8,392 and $12,428, respectively.
8. ACCRUED
LIABILITIES AND OTHER PAYABLES
Accrued
liabilities and other payables consisted of the following December 31, 2022 and 2021:
| |
December 31, 2022 | | |
December 31, 2021 | |
| |
| | |
| |
Accrued expenses | |
$ | 6,756 | | |
$ | 9,686 | |
Credit card payable | |
| 39,277 | | |
| 39,190 | |
Customer deposit | |
| 45,612 | | |
| 28,283 | |
| |
| | | |
| | |
Total | |
$ | 91,645 | | |
$ | 77,109 | |
9. GOVERNMENT
LOANS PAYABLE
In May and
June 2020, BEH, BEP and FDS received a total of $127,740 from the Paycheck Protection Program loan (“PPP loan”) from
US Small Business Administration (“the SBA”). The loan will be fully forgiven if the funds are used for payroll costs, interest
on mortgages, rent, and utilities (at least 60% of the forgiven amount must have been used for payroll). The loan amount not
forgiven, will have annual interest of 1%. Loan payments will be deferred to either (1) the date that SBA remits the borrower’s
loan forgiveness amount to the lender or (2) if the borrower does not apply for loan forgiveness, 10 months after the end of the borrower’s
loan forgiveness covered period. Loans issued prior to June 5, 2020 have a maturity of two years, loans issued after June 5, 2020
have a maturity of five years. No collateral or personal guarantees are required. A borrower may apply for loan forgiveness any time on
or before the maturity date of the loan, including before the end of the Covered Period (either (1) the 24-week (168-day) period beginning
on the PPP Loan Disbursement Date, or (2) if the Borrower received its PPP loan before June 5, 2020, the Borrower
may elect to use an eight-week (56-day) Covered Period); provided such application for loan forgiveness is made within 10 months
after the last day of the covered period, otherwise the loan is no longer deferred and the borrower must begin paying principal and interest.
Subsequently, The U.S. Treasury and SBA announced a streamlined PPP forgiveness application for loans of $50,000 or less (unless those
borrowers together with their affiliates received loans totaling $2 million or more). It requires fewer calculations and may call for
less documentation. It does not require borrowers to reduce their loan forgiveness calculations if they have reduced full-time equivalent
(“FTE”) or salaries. In addition, in February 2021, BEH, BEP and FDS received a total of $115,245 from the second round of
PPP loan from the SBA. As of December 31, 2021, all BEH, BEP and FDS’ PPP loans’ forgiveness were approved and the Company
recorded $242,985 PPP loan forgiveness as other income in the year ended December 31, 2021.
In May and
June 2020, BEH, BEP and FDS received total of $215,600 from the Economic Injury Disaster Loan (“EIDL loan”) from the SBA after
deducting $100 Uniform Commercial Code (“UCC”) handling charge and filing fee for each company. This is a low-interest federal
disaster loan for working capital to small businesses and non-profit organizations of any size suffering substantial economic injury
as a result of the Coronavirus (COVID-19), to help the businesses to meet financial obligations and operating expenses that could have
been met had the disaster not occurred. This loan has interest of 3.75% and is not forgivable. The maturity of the loan is 30 years, installment
payments including principal and interest of $515 monthly will begin 12 months from the date of the promissory note. On March 4,
2022, The FDS transferred its EIDL loan to BEC due to the dissolution of FDS. The SBA extended the deferment period to allow small businesses
and not-for-profits that received EIDL funds do not have to begin payments on the loan until 30 months after the date of the note. Accordingly,
the company began to make installment payments in the fourth quarter 2022.
As of December
31, 2022, the future minimum EIDL loan payments to be paid by year are as follows:
Year Ending | |
Amount | |
| |
| |
December 31, 2023 | |
$ | 4,596 | |
December 31, 2024 | |
| 4,771 | |
December 31, 2025 | |
| 4,953 | |
December 31, 2026 | |
| 5,142 | |
December 31, 2027 | |
| 5,339 | |
Thereafter | |
| 190,101 | |
Total | |
$ | 214,902 | |
10. RELATED
PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Loans
from Shareholder
At December
31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had loans from one major shareholder (also the Company’s senior officer) for $2,543,155 and $1,785,154,
respectively. At December, 2022 and 2021, the Company had loan from another major shareholder for $608,631 for settling the litigation.
There are no written loan agreements for these loans. These loans are unsecured, non-interest bearing and have no fixed terms of repayment,
and therefore, deemed payable on demand. Cash flows from loans form shareholder are classified as cash flows from financing activities.
11. INCOME
TAXES
The Company
and its subsidiaries are subject to 21% federal corporate income tax in US.
At December,
2022 and 2021, the Company had net operating loss (“NOL”) for income tax purposes; for federal income tax purposes, the
NOL arising in tax years beginning after 2017 may only reduce 80% of a taxpayer’s taxable income, and may be carried forward indefinitely;
for California income tax purposes, the entire NOL can be carried forward up to 20 years. However, the coronavirus Aid, Relief and
Economic Security Act (“the CARES Act”) issued in March 2020, provides tax relief to both corporate and noncorporate taxpayers
by adding a five-year carryback period and temporarily repealing the 80% limitation for NOLs arising in 2019, 2020 and 2021.
The Company
has NOL carry-forwards for Federal and California income tax purposes of $5.25 million and $5.70 million at December 31,
2022 and 2021, respectively. No tax benefit was reported with respect to these NOL carry-forwards in the accompanying consolidated financial
statements because the Company believes the realization of the Company’s net deferred tax assets for the NOL for both federal and
California State of approximately $1.48 million as of December 31, 2022, was not considered more likely than not and accordingly,
the potential tax benefits of the net loss carry-forwards are fully offset by a full valuation allowance.
Components
of the Company’s deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 are as follows:
| |
December 31, 2022 | | |
December 31, 2021 | |
| |
| | |
| |
Net deferred tax assets: | |
| | |
| |
Bad debt expense | |
$ | 1,978 | | |
$ | 1,978 | |
Inventory impairment | |
| 697 | | |
| 697 | |
Operating lease charge | |
| 14,020 | | |
| 14,821 | |
Depreciation and amortization | |
| 237 | | |
| (2,561 | ) |
Expected income tax benefit from NOL carry-forwards | |
| 1,467,801 | | |
| 1,181,525 | |
Less: valuation allowance | |
| (1,484,733 | ) | |
| (1,196,460 | ) |
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance | |
$ | - | | |
$ | - | |
Income
Tax Provision in the Statements of Operations
A reconciliation
of the consolidated federal statutory income tax rate and the effective income tax rate as a percentage of income before income taxes
for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 is as follows:
| |
2022 | | |
2021 | |
| |
| | |
| |
Federal statutory income tax expense (benefit) rate | |
| (21.00 | )% | |
| (21.00 | )% |
State statutory income tax (benefit) rate, net of effect of state income tax deductible to federal income tax | |
| (6.58 | )% | |
| (6.44 | )% |
Change in valuation allowance | |
| 27.98 | % | |
| 26.93 | % |
Effective income tax rate | |
| 0.40 | % | |
| 0.51 | % |
The provision
for income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 consisted of the following:
| |
2022 | | |
2021 | |
| |
| | |
| |
Income tax expense – current | |
$ | 3,300 | | |
$ | 3,300 | |
Income tax benefit – current | |
| - | | |
| - | |
Total income tax expense | |
$ | 3,300 | | |
$ | 3,300 | |
12. LEASES
Operating
Leases
Warehouse
and office lease
Effective
October 1, 2018, the Company entered a 62.5 month lease for a facility including warehouse and office in the City of Irvine,
California, with a security deposit of $41,841. The monthly rent is approximately $16,200 with a 3% increase each year.
The lease provided an option to extend at lease maturity for another five-years, with six months prior written notice of lessee’s
intention to extend the lease. The Company’s CEO is the guarantor of this lease. Lessor will have the right to proceed against guarantor
following any breach or default by lessee without first proceeding against lessee and without previous notice to or demand upon either
lessee or guarantor.
The components
of lease costs, lease term and discount rate with respect of warehouse and office lease in the City of Irvine with an initial term of
more than 12 months are as follows:
| |
Year Ended December 31, 2022 | | |
Year Ended December 31, 2021 | |
| |
| | |
| |
Operating lease cost | |
$ | 213,124 | | |
$ | 213,124 | |
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term - Operating leases including options to renew | |
| 5.76 years | | |
| 6.76 years | |
Weighted Average Discount Rate - Operating leases | |
| 5 | % | |
| 5 | % |
The following
is a schedule, by years, of maturities of warehouse and office lease liabilities as of December 31, 2022:
For the 12 months ending | |
Operating Leases | |
| |
| |
December 31, 2023 | |
$ | 204,204 | |
December 31, 2024 | |
| 225,757 | |
December 31, 2025 | |
| 225,757 | |
December 31, 2026 | |
| 225,757 | |
December 31, 2027 | |
| 225,757 | |
Thereafter | |
| 169,316 | |
Total undiscounted cash flows | |
| 1,276,548 | |
Less: imputed interest | |
| (167,232 | ) |
Present value of lease liabilities | |
$ | 1,109,316 | |
Equipment
leases
In 2017, the
Company entered two leases for two copiers with terms of 60 and 63 months respectively, and monthly payments of $162 and
$213, respectively. The Company also entered two leases for two forklifts with a term of 60 months for each, and the monthly
payment was $292 and $669, respectively. All these equipment lease expired in 2022.
The components
of lease costs, lease term and discount rate with respect of these equipment leases are as follows:
| |
Year Ended December 31, 2022 | | |
Year Ended December 31, 2021 | |
| |
| | |
| |
Operating lease cost | |
$ | 5,994 | | |
$ | 16,212 | |
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term - Operating leases | |
| 0.00 years | | |
| 0.44 years | |
Weighted Average Discount Rate - Operating leases | |
| 5 | % | |
| 5 | % |
Finance
lease
Effective
March 15, 2022, the company entered two 39-months lease for two copiers with same vendor for a monthly payment of $234 and
$214, respectively. Effective June 24, 2022, the company entered two leases for two forklifts with a term of 60 months for each,
and the monthly payment was $383 and $451, respectively. At the lease expiration date, the Company has the option to purchase the
copier for $1 each.
The components
of lease costs, lease term and discount rate with respect of the copier lease with an initial term of more than 12 months are as follows:
| |
Year Ended December 31, 2022 | |
Finance lease cost | |
| |
Amortization | |
$ | 7,406 | |
Interest on lease liabilities | |
| 1,605 | |
Total finance lease cost | |
$ | 9,011 | |
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term - Finance leases | |
| 4.00 | |
Weighted Average Discount Rate – Finance leases | |
| 5 | % |
The following
is a schedule, by years, of maturities of finance lease liabilities as of December 31, 2022:
For the 12 months ending | |
Finance Leases | |
| |
| |
December 31, 2023 | |
$ | 14,890 | |
December 31, 2024 | |
| 15,337 | |
December 31, 2025 | |
| 12,652 | |
December 31, 2026 | |
| 9,967 | |
December 31, 2027 | |
| 4,984 | |
Total undiscounted cash flows | |
| 57,830 | |
Less: imputed interest | |
| (5,540 | ) |
Present value of finance lease liabilities | |
$ | 52,290 | |
13. LOAN
PAYABLES
In June
2021, the Company entered a loan agreement of $14,549 for purchasing a videojet with interest rate of 14.11% and a term of three-years.
In September 2021, the Company entered another loan agreement of $39,218 for purchasing a spectrophotometer workstation with interest
rate of 10.26% and a term of five-years. The Company recorded interest expense of $4,899 and $1,905 during the years ended
December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
The following
is a schedule, by years, of maturities of loan payable as of December 31, 2022:
For the 12 months ending | |
Loan Payable | |
| |
| |
December 31, 2023 | |
$ | 15,389 | |
December 31, 2024 | |
| 12,436 | |
December 31, 2025 | |
| 9,974 | |
December 31, 2026 | |
| 6,650 | |
Total undiscounted cash flows | |
| 44,449 | |
Less: imputed interest | |
| (6,934 | ) |
Present value of loan payables | |
$ | 37,515 | |
14. SUBSEQUENT
EVENTS
The Company
follows the guidance in FASB ASC 855-10 for the disclosure of subsequent events. The Company evaluated subsequent events through the
date the financial statements were issued and determined the Company did not have any material subsequent event.
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