Form 10-Q - Quarterly report [Sections 13 or 15(d)]

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number 1-9317

EQUITY COMMONWEALTH

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Maryland						04-6558834
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)						(IRS Employer Identification No.)

Two North Riverside Plaza, Suite 2000, Chicago, IL						60606
(Address of principal executive offices)						(Zip Code)
(312) 646-2800
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:

Title Of Each Class

Trading Symbol

Name of Each Exchange On Which Registered

Common Shares of Beneficial Interest

EQC

The New York Stock Exchange

6.50% Series D Cumulative Convertible Preferred Shares of Beneficial Interest

EQCpD

The New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ý No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☒

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ý

Number of registrant’s common shares of beneficial interest, $0.01 par value per share, outstanding as of October 18, 2024: 107,334,031.

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EQUITY COMMONWEALTH

FORM 10-Q

September 30, 2024

INDEX


		Page

PART I	Financial Information

Item 1.	Financial Statements (unaudited)

	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	1

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations	2

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity	3

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	5

	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	7

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	15

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	26

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	26

PART II	Other Information

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	27

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	27

Item 1B.	Unresolved Staff Comments	27

Item 1C.	Cybersecurity	27

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	27

Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	27

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	27

Item 5.	Other Information	27

Item 6.	Exhibits	28

	Signatures	29

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EXPLANATORY NOTE

References in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to the “Company,” “EQC,” “we,” “us” or “our,” refer to Equity Commonwealth and its consolidated subsidiaries as of September 30, 2024, unless the context indicates otherwise.

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PART I. Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements.

EQUITY COMMONWEALTH

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(amounts in thousands, except share data)

(unaudited)


	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
			(audited)
ASSETS
Real estate properties:
Land	$	22,400	$	44,060
Buildings and improvements	158,152		367,827
	180,552		411,887
Accumulated depreciation	(69,254)		(180,535)
	111,298		231,352
Assets held for sale	86,803		—

Cash and cash equivalents	2,225,150		2,160,535


Rents receivable	8,046		15,737
Other assets, net	9,833		17,417
Total assets	$	2,441,130	$	2,425,041

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY


Liabilities related to properties held for sale	$	6,200	$	—
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other	17,621		27,298

Rent collected in advance	1,324		1,990

Distributions payable	2,803		5,640
Total liabilities	27,948		34,928

Shareholders’ equity:
Preferred shares of beneficial interest, $0.01 par value: 50,000,000 shares authorized;
Series D preferred shares; 6.50% cumulative convertible; 4,915,196 shares issued and outstanding, aggregate liquidation preference of $122,880	119,263		119,263
Common shares of beneficial interest, $0.01 par value: 350,000,000 shares authorized; 107,327,691 and 106,847,438 shares issued and outstanding, respectively	1,073		1,068
Additional paid in capital	3,942,389		3,935,873
Cumulative net income	3,950,345		3,926,979

Cumulative common distributions	(4,863,688)		(4,864,440)
Cumulative preferred distributions	(739,667)		(733,676)
Total shareholders’ equity	2,409,715		2,385,067
Noncontrolling interest	3,467		5,046
Total equity	2,413,182		2,390,113
Total liabilities and equity	$	2,441,130	$	2,425,041

See accompanying notes.

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EQUITY COMMONWEALTH

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(amounts in thousands, except per share data)

(unaudited)


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Revenues:
Rental revenue	$	12,782	$	13,928	$	39,491	$	41,512
Other revenue	1,206		1,284		3,796		3,866
Total revenues	13,988		15,212		43,287		45,378
Expenses:
Operating expenses	6,863		6,722		20,118		20,920
Depreciation and amortization	4,214		4,436		12,753		13,260
General and administrative	8,886		7,061		25,565		29,470
Loss on asset impairment	50,226		—		50,226		—
Total expenses	70,189		18,219		108,662		63,650
Interest and other income, net	29,996		29,269		89,278		84,997




(Loss) income before income taxes	(26,205)		26,262		23,903		66,725
Income tax expense	(22)		(30)		(486)		(1,906)
Net (loss) income	(26,227)		26,232		23,417		64,819
Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interest	38		(86)		(51)		(204)
Net (loss) income attributable to Equity Commonwealth	(26,189)		26,146		23,366		64,615
Preferred distributions	(1,997)		(1,997)		(5,991)		(5,991)


Net (loss) income attributable to Equity Commonwealth common shareholders	$	(28,186)	$	24,149	$	17,375	$	58,624



Weighted average common shares outstanding — basic	107,456		108,931		107,363		109,494
Weighted average common shares outstanding — diluted	107,456		110,217		108,391		110,916
Earnings per common share attributable to Equity Commonwealth common shareholders:
Basic	$	(0.26)	$	0.22	$	0.16	$	0.54
Diluted	$	(0.26)	$	0.22	$	0.16	$	0.53

Distributions declared per common share	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	4.25

See accompanying notes.

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EQUITY COMMONWEALTH

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY

(amounts in thousands, except share data)

(unaudited)


	Equity Commonwealth Shareholders
	Number of Series D Preferred Shares	Series D Preferred Shares		Number of Common Shares	Common Shares		Additional Paid in Capital		Cumulative Net Income		Cumulative Common Distributions		Cumulative Preferred Distributions		Noncontrolling Interest		Total
Balance at July 1, 2024	4,915,196	$	119,263	107,327,691	$	1,073	$	3,939,583	$	3,976,534	$	(4,864,499)	$	(737,670)	$	3,503	$	2,437,787
Net loss	—	—		—	—		—		(26,189)		—		—		(38)		(26,227)


Share-based compensation	—	—		—	—		2,705		—		—		—		53		2,758

Distributions	—	—		—	—		—		—		811		(1,997)		50		(1,136)

Adjustment for noncontrolling interest	—	—		—	—		101		—		—		—		(101)		—
Balance at September 30, 2024	4,915,196	$	119,263	107,327,691	$	1,073	$	3,942,389	$	3,950,345	$	(4,863,688)	$	(739,667)	$	3,467	$	2,413,182

Balance at January 1, 2024	4,915,196	$	119,263	106,847,438	$	1,068	$	3,935,873	$	3,926,979	$	(4,864,440)	$	(733,676)	$	5,046	$	2,390,113

Net income	—	—		—	—		—		23,366		—		—		51		23,417



Surrender of shares for tax withholding	—	—		(161,837)	(2)		(3,054)		—		—		—		—		(3,056)
Share-based compensation	—	—		564,297	6		7,787		—		—		—		154		7,947

Distributions	—	—		—	—		—		—		752		(5,991)		—		(5,239)
OP Unit redemption	—	—		77,793	1		1,443		—		—		—		(1,444)		—
Adjustment for noncontrolling interest	—	—		—	—		340		—		—		—		(340)		—
Balance at September 30, 2024	4,915,196	$	119,263	107,327,691	$	1,073	$	3,942,389	$	3,950,345	$	(4,863,688)	$	(739,667)	$	3,467	$	2,413,182

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EQUITY COMMONWEALTH

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY (CONTINUED)

(amounts in thousands, except share data)

(unaudited)


	Equity Commonwealth Shareholders
	Number of Series D Preferred Shares	Series D Preferred Shares		Number of Common Shares	Common Shares		Additional Paid in Capital		Cumulative Net Income		Cumulative Common Distributions		Cumulative Preferred Distributions		Noncontrolling Interest		Total
Balance at July 1, 2023	4,915,196	$	119,263	109,730,457	$	1,097	$	3,984,681	$	3,874,284	$	(4,865,668)	$	(729,682)	$	7,852	$	2,391,827
Net income	—	—		—	—		—		26,146		—		—		86		26,232


Repurchase of shares	—	—		(3,018,411)	(30)		(56,773)		—		—		—		—		(56,803)

Share-based compensation	—	—		—	—		2,447		—		—		—		52		2,499

Distributions	—	—		—	—		—		—		478		(1,997)		—		(1,519)

Adjustment for noncontrolling interest	—	—		—	—		17		—		—		—		(17)		—
Balance at September 30, 2023	4,915,196	$	119,263	106,712,046	$	1,067	$	3,930,372	$	3,900,430	$	(4,865,190)	$	(731,679)	$	7,973	$	2,362,236

Balance at January 1, 2023	4,915,196	$	119,263	109,428,252	$	1,094	$	3,979,566	$	3,835,815	$	(4,393,522)	$	(725,688)	$	7,204	$	2,823,732

Net income	—	—		—	—		—		64,615		—		—		204		64,819


Repurchase of shares	—	—		(3,018,411)	(30)		(56,773)		—		—		—		—		(56,803)
Surrender of shares for tax withholding	—	—		(134,193)	(1)		(3,394)		—		—		—		—		(3,395)
Share-based compensation	—	—		436,398	4		10,807		—		—		—		2,665		13,476

Distributions	—	—		—	—		—		—		(471,668)		(5,991)		(1,934)		(479,593)

Adjustment for noncontrolling interest	—	—		—	—		166		—		—		—		(166)		—
Balance at September 30, 2023	4,915,196	$	119,263	106,712,046	$	1,067	$	3,930,372	$	3,900,430	$	(4,865,190)	$	(731,679)	$	7,973	$	2,362,236

See accompanying notes.

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EQUITY COMMONWEALTH

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(amounts in thousands)

(unaudited)


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income	$	23,417	$	64,819
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation	10,894		11,353

Straight-line rental income	(559)		445

Other amortization	1,859		1,907
Amortization of right-of-use asset	126		—
Share-based compensation	7,947		13,476
Loss on asset impairment	50,226		—





Change in assets and liabilities:
Rents receivable and other assets	(1,907)		(1,082)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other	(4,328)		(4,253)
Rent collected in advance	779		(222)

Net cash provided by operating activities	88,454		86,443

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

Real estate improvements	(12,706)		(4,613)







Cash used in investing activities	(12,706)		(4,613)

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

Repurchase and retirement of common shares	(3,056)		(60,198)






Distributions to common shareholders	(2,036)		(468,232)
Distributions to preferred shareholders	(5,991)		(5,991)
Distributions to holders of noncontrolling interest	(50)		(1,843)

Net cash used in financing activities	(11,133)		(536,264)

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	64,615		(454,434)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	2,160,535		2,582,222
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	2,225,150	$	2,127,788

See accompanying notes.

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EQUITY COMMONWEALTH

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)

(amounts in thousands)

(unaudited)


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION:

Taxes paid, net	$	182	$	1,946

NON-CASH INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

Recognition of right-of-use asset and lease liability	$	873	$	—
Accrued capital expenditures	$	1,621	$	1,819


NON-CASH FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Distributions payable	$	2,803	$	6,390
OP Unit redemption	1,444		—

See accompanying notes.

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EQUITY COMMONWEALTH

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1. Business

Equity Commonwealth, or the Company, is a real estate investment trust, or REIT, formed in 1986 under the laws of the State of Maryland. Our business is primarily the ownership and operation of office properties in the United States.

The Company operates in an umbrella partnership real estate investment trust, or UPREIT, and conducts substantially all of its activities through EQC Operating Trust, a Maryland real estate investment trust, or the Operating Trust. The Company beneficially owned 99.86% of the outstanding shares of beneficial interest, designated as units, in the Operating Trust, or OP Units, as of September 30, 2024, and the Company is the sole trustee of the Operating Trust. As the sole trustee, the Company generally has the power under the declaration of trust of the Operating Trust to manage and conduct the business of the Operating Trust, subject to certain limited approval and voting rights of other holders of OP Units.

On October 2, 2024 the Company filed a definitive proxy statement, the Definitive Proxy, with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission related to a Special Meeting of Shareholders, the Special Shareholder Meeting, for the following purposes: (i) to consider and vote upon the Plan of Sale and Dissolution of the Company, the Plan of Sale, including the wind-down and complete liquidation of the Company, and the dissolution and termination of the Company, including the establishment of a Liquidating Entity (as defined in the Definitive Proxy), and (ii) on an advisory, non-binding basis, to consider and vote upon compensation that may become payable by the Company to its named executive officers in connection with the Plan of Sale. The Plan of Sale, which the Company’s Board of Trustees has determined is in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders, authorizes the Company to sell all of its remaining properties, wind-down the Company’s affairs and distribute the net proceeds to shareholders. As disclosed in the Definitive Proxy, the Special Shareholder Meeting is scheduled to be held virtually on November 12, 2024 for shareholders of record at the close of business on October 1, 2024. If the Plan of Sale is approved by the Company's shareholders, the Company will adopt the liquidation basis of accounting which requires the Company's assets to be recognized at the estimated amounts expected to be collected and liabilities to be recognized at the estimated amounts at which they are expected to be settled.

At September 30, 2024, our portfolio consisted of four properties (eight buildings), with a combined 1.5 million square feet, and we had $2.2 billion of cash and cash equivalents.

Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements of EQC have been prepared without audit. Certain information and footnote disclosures required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, for complete financial statements have been condensed or omitted. We believe the disclosures made are appropriate. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, or our Annual Report, for the year ended December 31, 2023. Capitalized terms used, but not defined in this Quarterly Report, have the same meanings as in our Annual Report.

In the opinion of our management, all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation, have been included. All intercompany transactions and balances with or among our subsidiaries have been eliminated. Operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates in the condensed consolidated financial statements include the assessment of the collectability of rental revenue, purchase price allocations, useful lives of fixed assets and impairment of real estate and intangible assets.

Dollar amounts presented may be approximate. Share amounts are presented in whole numbers, except where noted.

New Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which improves the disclosures about a public entity's reportable segments and addresses requests from investors for additional, more detailed information about a reportable segment's expenses. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim

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EQUITY COMMONWEALTH

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 2023-07 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which enhances the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. This update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted for annual financial statements that have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 2023-09 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Note 3. Real Estate Properties

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, we made improvements, excluding tenant-funded improvements, to our properties totaling $11.4 million and $5.5 million, respectively.

Properties Held for Sale

We classify all properties that meet the criteria outlined in FASB Accounting Standards Codification 360, Property, Plant and Equipment as held for sale on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 2023, we did not have any properties classified as held for sale. As of September 30, 2024, we classified the following properties as held for sale:


Asset	Number of Properties	Number of Buildings	Square Footage
1250 H Street, NW	1	1	196,490
206 East 9th Street (Capitol Tower)	1	1	175,510
Bridgepoint Square	1	5	440,007
	3	7	812,007

Summarized balance sheet information for the properties classified as held for sale is as follows (in thousands):


	September 30, 2024
Real estate properties	$	86,707

Other assets, net	96
Properties held for sale	$	86,803

Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	4,755
Rent collected in advance	1,445

Liabilities related to properties held for sale	$	6,200

Lease Payments

Rental revenue consists of the following (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Lease payments	$	8,470	$	9,115	$	25,908	$	26,878
Variable lease payments	4,312		4,813		13,583		14,634
Rental revenue	$	12,782	$	13,928	$	39,491	$	41,512

Note 4. Shareholders’ Equity

Common Share Issuances

See Note 7 for information regarding equity issuances related to share-based compensation.

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EQUITY COMMONWEALTH

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Common Share Repurchases

On June 18, 2024, our Board of Trustees authorized the repurchase of up to $150.0 million of our outstanding common shares from July 1, 2024 through June 30, 2025. We did not repurchase any common shares under our share repurchase program during the nine months ended September 30, 2024. As of September 30, 2024, we had $150.0 million of remaining availability under our share repurchase program, which expires on June 30, 2025.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, certain of our employees and former employees surrendered 161,837 and 134,193 common shares owned by them, respectively, to satisfy their statutory tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of such common shares pursuant to our equity compensation plans.

Common Share Distributions

In February 2024, the number of earned awards for recipients of the Company’s restricted stock units granted in January 2021 was determined. Pursuant to the terms of such awards, we paid one-time catch-up cash distributions to these recipients in the aggregate amount of $2.0 million, for distributions to common shareholders declared by our Board of Trustees during such awards’ performance measurement period.

Preferred Share Distributions

In 2024, our Board of Trustees declared distributions on our series D preferred shares to date as follows:

Declaration Date

Record Date

Payment Date

Series D Dividend Per Share

January 16, 2024

January 31, 2024

February 15, 2024

0.40625

April 16, 2024

April 30, 2024

May 15, 2024

0.40625

July 16, 2024

July 31, 2024

August 15, 2024

0.40625

October 16, 2024

October 31, 2024

November 15, 2024

0.40625

Note 5. Noncontrolling Interest

Noncontrolling interest represents the portion of the OP Units not beneficially owned by the Company. The ownership of an OP Unit and a common share of beneficial interest have essentially the same economic characteristics. Distributions with respect to OP Units will generally mirror distributions with respect to the Company’s common shares. Unitholders (other than the Company) generally have the right, commencing six months from the date of issuance of such OP Units, to cause the Operating Trust to redeem their OP Units in exchange for cash or, at the option of the Company, common shares of the Company on a one-for-one basis. As sole trustee, the Company has the sole discretion to elect whether the redemption right will be satisfied by the Company in cash or the Company’s common shares. As a result, the Noncontrolling interest is classified as permanent equity. As of September 30, 2024, the portion of the Operating Trust not beneficially owned by the Company is in the form of OP Units and LTIP Units (see Note 7 for a description of LTIP Units). LTIP Units may be subject to additional vesting requirements.

The following table presents the changes in Equity Commonwealth’s issued and outstanding common shares and units for the nine months ended September 30, 2024:


	Common Shares	OP Units and LTIP Units	Total
Outstanding at January 1, 2024	106,847,438	226,018	107,073,456
Repurchase and surrender of shares	(161,837)	—	(161,837)
OP Unit redemption	77,793	(77,793)	—
Share-based compensation grants and vesting, net of forfeitures	564,297	6,218	570,515
Outstanding at September 30, 2024	107,327,691	154,443	107,482,134
Noncontrolling ownership interest in the Operating Trust			0.14	%

The carrying value of the Noncontrolling interest is allocated based on the number of OP Units and LTIP Units in proportion to the number of OP Units and LTIP Units plus the number of common shares. We adjust the Noncontrolling interest balance at the end of each period to reflect the noncontrolling partners’ interest in the net assets of the Operating Trust. Net income is allocated to the Noncontrolling interest in the Operating Trust based on the weighted average ownership

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EQUITY COMMONWEALTH

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

percentage during the period. Equity Commonwealth’s weighted average ownership interest in the Operating Trust was 99.86% and 99.83% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively.

Note 6. Income Taxes

We have elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and are generally not subject to federal and state income taxes provided we distribute a sufficient amount of our taxable income to our shareholders and meet other requirements for qualifying as a REIT. However, we are subject to certain state and local taxes without regard to our REIT status.

Our provision for income taxes consists of the following (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Current:
State and local	$	(22)	$	(30)	$	(486)	$	(90)
Federal	—		—		—		(1,816)





Income tax expense	$	(22)	$	(30)	$	(486)	$	(1,906)

Federal income tax expense in the 2023 period relates to federal income taxes at our taxable REIT subsidiary.

Note 7. Share-Based Compensation

Recipients of the Company’s restricted shares have the same voting rights as any other common shareholder. During the period of restriction, holders of unvested restricted shares are eligible to receive dividend payments on their shares at the same rate and on the same date as any other common shareholder. The restricted shares are service based awards and vest over a service period determined by the Compensation Committee of our Board of Trustees, or the Compensation Committee.

Recipients of the Company’s restricted stock units, or RSUs, are entitled to receive dividends with respect to the common shares underlying the RSUs if and when the RSUs are earned, at which time the recipient will be entitled to receive an amount in cash equal to the aggregate amount of cash dividends that would have been paid in respect to the common shares underlying the recipient’s earned RSUs had such common shares been issued to the recipient on the first day of the performance period. To the extent that an award does not vest, the dividends related to unvested RSUs will be forfeited. The RSUs are market-based awards with a service condition and recipients may earn RSUs based on the Company’s total shareholder return, or TSR, relative to the TSRs of the companies that comprise the Nareit Office Index over a three-year performance period. Following the end of the three-year performance period, the number of earned awards will be determined. The earned awards vest in two tranches with 50% of the earned award vesting following the end of the performance period on the date the Compensation Committee determines the level of achievement of the performance metric and the remaining 50% of the earned award vesting approximately one year thereafter, subject to the grant recipient’s continued employment. Compensation expense for the RSUs is determined using a Monte Carlo simulation model and is recognized ratably from the grant date to the vesting date of each tranche.

LTIP Units are a class of beneficial interests in the Operating Trust that may be issued to employees, officers or trustees of the Operating Trust, the Company or their subsidiaries. Time-based LTIP Units have the same general characteristics as restricted shares and market-based LTIP Units have the same general characteristics as RSUs. Each LTIP Unit will convert automatically into an OP Unit on a one-for-one basis when the LTIP Unit becomes vested and its capital account is equalized with the per-unit capital account of the OP Units. Holders of LTIP Units generally will be entitled to receive the same per-unit distributions as the other outstanding OP Units in the Operating Trust, except that market-based LTIP Units will not participate in distributions until expiration of the applicable performance period, at which time any earned market-based LTIP Units generally will become entitled to receive a catch-up distribution for the periods prior to such time.

2024 Equity Award Activity

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, 391,061 RSUs vested, and, as a result, we issued 391,061 common shares, prior to certain employees surrendering their common shares to satisfy tax withholding obligations (see Note 4).

On January 29, 2024, the Compensation Committee approved grants in the aggregate amount of 142,146 restricted shares and 288,596 RSUs at target (719,326 RSUs at maximum) to the Company’s officers and certain employees, as part of their

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EQUITY COMMONWEALTH

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

compensation for fiscal year 2023. The restricted shares were valued at $19.36 per share, the closing price of our common shares on the New York Stock Exchange, or the NYSE, on the grant date. The assumptions and fair value for the RSUs granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 are included in the following table on a per share basis.


	2024
Fair value of market-based awards granted	$	27.08
Expected term (years)	4
Expected volatility	15.46		%

Risk-free rate	4.06		%

On June 18, 2024, in accordance with the Company’s compensation program for independent Trustees, the Committee awarded each of the six independent Trustees $0.1 million in restricted shares or time-based LTIP Units as part of their compensation for the 2024-2025 year of service on the Board of Trustees. These awards equated to 6,218 shares or time-based LTIP Units per Trustee, for a total of 31,090 shares and 6,218 time-based LTIP Units, valued at $19.30 per share and unit, the closing price of our common shares on the NYSE on that day. These shares and time-based LTIP Units vest one year after the date of the award, on June 18, 2025.

2023 Equity Award Activity

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, 274,739 RSUs vested, and, as a result, we issued 274,739 common shares, prior to certain employees surrendering their common shares to satisfy tax withholding obligations.

On January 26, 2023, the Compensation Committee approved grants in the aggregate amount of 132,794 restricted shares and 269,609 RSUs at target (672,000 RSUs at maximum) to the Company’s officers, certain employees, and to Mr. Zell, the former Chairman of our Board of Trustees, as part of their compensation for fiscal year 2022. The restricted shares were valued at $25.61 per share, the closing price of our common shares on the NYSE on the grant date. The RSUs were valued at $36.51 per share, their fair value on the grant date.

On June 13, 2023, in accordance with the Company’s compensation program for independent Trustees, the Committee awarded each of the six independent Trustees $0.1 million in restricted shares or time-based LTIP Units as part of their compensation for the 2023-2024 year of service on the Board of Trustees. These awards equated to 5,773 shares or time-based LTIP Units per Trustee, for a total of 28,865 shares and 5,773 time-based LTIP Units, valued at $20.79 per share and unit, the closing price of our common shares on the NYSE on that day. These shares and time-based LTIP Units vested on June 13, 2024.

Outstanding Equity Awards

As of September 30, 2024, the estimated future compensation expense for all unvested restricted shares and time-based LTIP Units was $5.3 million. Compensation expense for the restricted share and time-based LTIP Unit awards is being recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for each separately vesting portion of the award. The weighted average period over which the future compensation expense will be recorded for the restricted shares and time-based LTIP Units is approximately 2.4 years.

As of September 30, 2024, the estimated future compensation expense for all unvested RSUs and market-based LTIP Units was $12.0 million. The weighted average period over which the future compensation expense will be recorded for the RSUs and market-based LTIP Units is approximately 2.3 years.

During the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, we recorded $2.8 million and $2.5 million, respectively, and during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, we recorded $8.0 million and $13.5 million, respectively, of compensation expense, net of forfeitures, in general and administrative expense for grants to our trustees, employees and an eligible consultant related to our equity compensation plans. Compensation expense recorded during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 includes $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively, of accelerated vesting due to staffing reductions. Compensation expense recorded during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 includes $0 and $5.2 million, respectively, of accelerated vesting due to the passing of our former Chairman in 2023. Forfeitures are recognized as they occur. At September 30, 2024, 1,406,557 shares/units remain available for issuance under the Equity Commonwealth 2015 Omnibus Incentive Plan, as amended.

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EQUITY COMMONWEALTH

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Note 8. Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities

Properties Held for Sale

Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. A three-level valuation hierarchy exists for disclosures of fair value measurements based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. A financial instrument's categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. See Note 2 to the financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 for additional information. The three levels are defined below:

•Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

•Level 2 - Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

•Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

At September 30, 2024, we have classified 1250 H Street, NW, 206 East 9th Street and Bridgepoint Square as held for sale in accordance with ASC 360. As a result of our current estimates of market value less estimated costs to sell, it was necessary to record impairment charges of $50.2 million which includes $16.3 million of impairment related to non-real estate assets. We determined these impairments based on third-party offer prices, which are level 2 inputs according to the fair value hierarchy established in ASC 820. We reduced the aggregate carrying values of these properties from $136.9 million to their estimated fair value less estimated costs to sell of $86.7 million. We evaluated each of our properties and determined there were no additional valuation adjustments necessary at September 30, 2024.

Financial Instruments

Our financial instruments include our cash and cash equivalents. At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the fair value of these financial instruments was not different from their carrying values.

Other financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of rents receivable. As of September 30, 2024, no single tenant of ours is responsible for more than 10% of our consolidated revenues.

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EQUITY COMMONWEALTH

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Note 9. Earnings Per Common Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share (amounts in thousands except per share amounts):


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Numerator for earnings per common share - basic:
Net (loss) income	$	(26,227)	$	26,232	$	23,417	$	64,819
Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interest	38		(86)		(51)		(204)
Preferred distributions	(1,997)		(1,997)		(5,991)		(5,991)


Numerator for net (loss) income per share - basic	$	(28,186)	$	24,149	$	17,375	$	58,624

Numerator for earnings per common share - diluted:
Net (loss) income	$	(26,227)	$	26,232	$	23,417	$	64,819
Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interest	38		(86)		(51)		(204)
Preferred distributions	(1,997)		(1,997)		(5,991)		(5,991)

Numerator for net (loss) income per share - diluted	$	(28,186)	$	24,149	$	17,375	$	58,624

Denominator for earnings per common share - basic and diluted:
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic(1)	107,456		108,931		107,363		109,494
RSUs(2)	—		1,176		921		1,299
LTIP Units(3)	—		110		107		123


Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - diluted	107,456		110,217		108,391		110,916

Net (loss) income per common share attributable to Equity Commonwealth common shareholders:
Basic	$	(0.26)	$	0.22	$	0.16	$	0.54
Diluted	$	(0.26)	$	0.22	$	0.16	$	0.53

Anti-dilutive securities(4):
Effect of Series D preferred shares; 6.50% cumulative convertible	4,032		4,032		4,032		4,032
Effect of RSUs(2)	640		—		—		—
Effect of LTIP Units(3)	101		—		—		—
Effect of OP Units and time-based LTIP Units(5)	154		361		180		348

(1) The three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, include 128 and 131 weighted-average, unvested, earned RSUs, respectively, and the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, include 129 and 125 weighted-average, unvested, earned RSUs, respectively.

(2) Represents the weighted-average number of common shares that would have been issued if the quarter-end was the measurement date for unvested, unearned RSUs.

(3) Represents the weighted-average dilutive shares issuable from market-based LTIP Units if the quarter-end was the measurement date for the periods shown.

(4) These securities are excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation for one or more of the periods presented because including them results in anti-dilution.

(5) Beneficial interests in the Operating Trust.

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EQUITY COMMONWEALTH

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Note 10. Segment Information

Our primary business is the ownership and operation of office properties, and we currently have one reportable segment. One hundred percent of our revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 were from office properties.

Note 11. Related Person Transactions

The following discussion includes a description of our related person transactions for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

We lease office space for our corporate headquarters from Two North Riverside Plaza Joint Venture Limited Partnership, an entity associated with Equity Group Investments (EGI), a private entrepreneurial investment firm founded by Sam Zell, our former Chairman who passed away on May 18, 2023. Messrs. Helfand and Weinberg continue to be advisors to EGI and certain other members of our team are expected to continue to have limited involvement in its activities.

In December 2022, we entered into a third amendment to our July 20, 2015 lease with Two North Riverside Plaza Joint Venture Limited Partnership to occupy office space on the twentieth and twenty-first floors of Two North Riverside Plaza in Chicago, Illinois. The amendment extended the lease term for one year, through December 31, 2023, with no renewal options, for a lease payment of $0.4 million per year. In August 2023, we entered into a fourth amendment to the lease extending the lease term for one year, through December 31, 2024, with no renewal options and contracting square feet to the existing space on the twentieth floor, for a lease payment of $0.4 million per year. In April 2024, we entered into a fifth amendment to the lease extending the lease term for two additional years, through December 31, 2026, with no renewal options (as amended by the first through fifth lease amendments, the Two North Office Lease), for a lease payment of $0.4 million per year. The Two North Office Lease allows EQC to terminate the lease early for a termination fee equal to three-months’ base rent.

During the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, we recognized expenses of $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively, and during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, we recognized expenses of $0.3 million and $0.3 million, respectively, pursuant to the Two North Office Lease. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we did not have any amounts due to Two North Riverside Plaza Joint Venture Limited Partnership pursuant to the Two North Office Lease.

Note 12. Subsequent Events

Preferred Share Distribution

On October 16, 2024, our Board of Trustees declared a dividend of $0.40625 per series D preferred share, which will be paid on November 15, 2024 to shareholders of record on October 31, 2024.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and in our Annual Report.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Some of the statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws including, but not limited to, statements pertaining to our anticipated business strategies, goals, policies and objectives, capital resources and financing, portfolio performance, lease expiration schedules, results of operations or anticipated market conditions, including our statements regarding remote working trends and the overall impact of COVID-19, and changing laws, statutes, regulations, and the interpretations thereof, on the foregoing. Any forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are intended to be made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. Forward-looking statements relate to expectations, beliefs, projections, future plans and strategies, anticipated events or trends and similar expressions concerning matters that are not historical facts. You can identify forward-looking statements by the use of forward-looking terminology, including but not limited to, “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” or “potential” or the negative of these words and phrases or similar words or phrases which are predictions of or indicate future events or trends and which do not relate solely to historical matters. You can also identify forward-looking statements by discussions of strategy, plans or intentions.

Any forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q reflect our current views about future events and are subject to numerous known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions and changes in circumstances that may cause our actual results to differ significantly from those expressed in any forward-looking statement. We do not guarantee that the transactions and events described will happen as described (or that they will happen at all). We disclaim any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement to reflect changes in underlying assumptions or factors, of new information, data or methods, future events or other changes. For a further discussion of these and other factors that could cause our future results to differ materially from any forward-looking statements, see the section entitled “Risk Factors” in our most recent Annual Report, in Part II, Item 1A “Risk Factors” of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2024 and in our Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed on October 2, 2024.

OVERVIEW

We are an internally managed and self-advised REIT primarily engaged in the ownership and operation of office properties in the United States. We were formed in 1986 under Maryland law. The Company operates as an UPREIT, conducting substantially all of its activities through the Operating Trust. As of September 30, 2024, the Company beneficially owned 99.86% of the outstanding OP Units.

At September 30, 2024, our portfolio consisted of four properties (eight buildings), with a combined 1.5 million square feet, and we had $2.2 billion of cash and cash equivalents.

We use leasing and occupancy metrics to evaluate the performance of our properties. We believe these metrics provide useful information to investors because they reflect the leasing activity and vacant space at the properties and may facilitate comparisons of our leasing and occupancy metrics with other REITs and real estate companies.

As of September 30, 2024, our overall portfolio was 69.7% leased. During the three months ended September 30, 2024, we did not enter into any leases.

We have engaged CBRE, Inc., or CBRE, to provide property management services. We pay CBRE a property-by-property management fee and may engage CBRE from time-to-time to perform project management services, such as coordinating and overseeing the completion of tenant improvements and other capital projects at the properties. We reimburse CBRE for certain expenses incurred in the performance of its duties, including certain personnel and equipment costs. For the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, we incurred expenses of $0.8 million and $0.8 million, respectively, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, we incurred expenses of $2.4 million and $2.3 million, respectively, related to our property management agreement with CBRE, for property management fees, typically calculated as a percentage of the properties’ revenues, and salary and benefits reimbursements for property personnel, such as property managers, engineers and maintenance staff. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had amounts payable pursuant to these services of $0.3 million and $0.4 million, respectively.

Our business has been and is continuing to be impacted by economic uncertainty and an overall slowdown in the office leasing market following the COVID-19 pandemic due to a variety of factors, including tenant uncertainty regarding office

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space needs given the evolving remote and hybrid working trends and other factors impacting the demand for office space. Many of our employees and the majority of our tenants’ employees are currently working at least in part remotely, with many businesses reassessing their long-term demand for office space. Overall, our business has experienced a significant reduction in leasing interest and activity as well as parking revenue when compared to pre-pandemic levels. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2019, our comparable property portfolio was 69.7% and 91.5% leased, respectively. The duration of these business disruptions continues to be unknown at this time, and we currently are not able to estimate the full impact of the overall slowdown in the office leasing market on our business.

As previously disclosed, we had been evaluating potential investment opportunities in an effort to create long-term value for our shareholders while concurrently taking steps to facilitate the potential wind down of our business. On July 30, 2024, our Board of Trustees: (i) determined that it is advisable and in the best interests of our shareholders to proceed with the wind down of our operations and the liquidation of our assets in order to maximize shareholder value, and (ii) directed management to prepare proxy materials seeking shareholder approval of a plan of sale and dissolution.

Property Operations

Leased occupancy data for 2024 and 2023 are as follows (square feet in thousands):


	All Properties				Comparable Properties(1)
	As of September 30,				As of September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Total properties	4		4		4		4
Total square feet	1,521		1,521		1,521		1,521
Percent leased(2)	69.7	%	80.8	%	69.7	%	80.8	%

(1)Based on properties owned continuously from January 1, 2023 through September 30, 2024.

(2)Percent leased is the percent of space subject to signed leases. Percent leased is disclosed to quantify the ratio of leased square feet to rentable square feet and we believe it provides useful information as to the proportion of rentable square feet subject to a lease.

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As of September 30, 2024, approximately 2.1% of our leased square feet and 2.1% of our annualized rental revenue, determined as set forth below, are included in leases scheduled to expire through December 31, 2024. Renewal and new leases and rental rates at which available space may be relet in the future will depend on prevailing market conditions at the times these leases are negotiated. We believe that the in-place cash rents for leases expiring for the remainder of 2024, that have not been backfilled, are approximately market. Lease expirations by year, as of September 30, 2024, are as follows (square feet and dollars in thousands):


Year	Number of Tenants Expiring(1)	Leased Square Feet Expiring(2)	% of Leased Square Feet Expiring(2)		Cumulative % of Leased Square Feet Expiring(2)		Annualized Rental Revenue Expiring(3)		% of Annualized Rental Revenue Expiring		Cumulative % of Annualized Rental Revenue Expiring
2024	3	22	2.1	%	2.1	%	$	1,105	2.1	%	2.1	%
2025	9	140	13.2	%	15.3	%	6,839		13.2	%	15.3	%
2026	11	69	6.5	%	21.8	%	3,271		6.3	%	21.6	%
2027	17	220	20.8	%	42.6	%	10,616		20.3	%	41.9	%
2028	11	123	11.6	%	54.2	%	5,860		11.3	%	53.2	%
2029	10	149	14.1	%	68.3	%	7,016		13.5	%	66.7	%
2030	12	170	15.9	%	84.2	%	8,259		15.9	%	82.6	%
2031	4	58	5.5	%	89.7	%	2,698		5.2	%	87.8	%
2032	1	32	3.0	%	92.7	%	1,989		3.8	%	91.6	%
2033	3	23	2.2	%	94.9	%	1,174		2.3	%	93.9	%
Thereafter	4	54	5.1	%	100.0	%	3,167		6.1	%	100.0	%
	85	1,060	100.0	%			$	51,994	100.0	%

Weighted average remaining lease term (in years):		4.0					4.2

(1)Tenants with leases expiring in multiple years are counted in each year they expire.

(2)Leased Square Feet as of September 30, 2024 includes space subject to leases that have commenced for revenue recognition purposes in accordance with GAAP, space being fitted out for occupancy pursuant to existing leases, and space which is leased but is not occupied or is being offered for sublease by tenants. The Leased Square Feet Expiring corresponds to the latest-expiring signed lease for a given suite. Thus, backfilled suites expire in the year stipulated by the new lease.

(3)Annualized rental revenue is annualized contractual rents from our tenants pursuant to leases which have commenced as of September 30, 2024, plus estimated recurring expense reimbursements; excludes lease value amortization, straight-line rent adjustments, abated (free) rent periods and parking revenue. We calculate annualized rental revenue by aggregating the recurring billings outlined above for the most recent month during the quarter reported, adding abated rent, and multiplying the sum by 12 to provide an estimation of near-term potentially-recurring revenues. Annualized rental revenue is a forward-looking non-GAAP measure. Annualized rental revenue cannot be reconciled to a comparable GAAP measure without unreasonable efforts, primarily due to the fact that it is calculated from the billings of tenants in the most recent month at the most recent rental rates during the quarter reported, whereas historical GAAP measures include billings from a potentially different group of tenants over multiple months at potentially different rental rates.

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The principal source of funds for our operations is rents from tenants at our properties. Rents are generally received from our tenants monthly in advance. As of September 30, 2024, tenants representing 2.5% or more of our total annualized rental revenue were as follows (square feet in thousands):


Tenant		Square Feet(1)	% of Total Leased Square Feet(1)		% of Annualized Rental Revenue(2)		Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term
1.	Salesforce.com, Inc.	66	6.2	%	6.1	%	1.2
2.	KPMG, LLP	66	6.2	%	5.5	%	4.7
3.	Crowdstrike, Inc.	48	4.5	%	5.5	%	5.4
4.	CBRE, Inc.	41	3.9	%	4.2	%	3.5
5.	RSM US LLP	32	3.0	%	3.8	%	7.7
6.	Jones Lang LaSalle Americas, Inc.	42	4.0	%	3.8	%	5.8
7.	SonarSource US, Inc.	28	2.6	%	3.2	%	2.9
8.	Alden Torch Financial, LLC	35	3.3	%	3.1	%	2.4
9.	Ballard Spahr LLP	30	2.8	%	2.7	%	0.9
10.	Simply Good Foods USA, Inc	29	2.7	%	2.7	%	3.2
11.	Wunderman Thompson, LLC	24	2.3	%	2.7	%	2.8
12.	Shiseido Americas Corporation	21	2.0	%	2.6	%	5.1
13.	Comcast Cable Communications	30	2.8	%	2.5	%	2.3
	Total	492	46.3	%	48.4	%	3.7

(1)Total Leased Square Feet as of September 30, 2024 includes space subject to leases that have commenced, space being fitted out for occupancy pursuant to existing leases, and space which is leased but is not occupied or is being offered for sublease by tenants.

(2)Annualized rental revenue is annualized contractual rents from our tenants pursuant to leases which have commenced as of September 30, 2024, plus estimated recurring expense reimbursements; excludes lease value amortization, straight-line rent adjustments, abated (free) rent periods and parking revenue. We calculate annualized rental revenue by aggregating the recurring billings outlined above for the most recent month during the quarter reported, adding abated rent, and multiplying the sum by 12 to provide an estimation of near-term potentially-recurring revenues. Annualized rental revenue is a forward-looking non-GAAP measure. Annualized rental revenue cannot be reconciled to a comparable GAAP measure without unreasonable efforts, primarily due to the fact that it is calculated from the billings of tenants in the most recent month at the most recent rental rates during the quarter reported, whereas historical GAAP measures include billings from a potentially different group of tenants over multiple months at potentially different rental rates.

Regulation FD Disclosures

We use any of the following to comply with our disclosure obligations under Regulation FD: press releases, SEC filings, public conference calls, or our website. We routinely post important information on our website at www.eqcre.com, including information that may be deemed to be material. We encourage investors and others interested in the Company to monitor these distribution channels for material disclosures. Our website address is included in this Quarterly Report as a textual reference only and the information on the website is not incorporated by reference into this Quarterly Report.

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Three Months Ended September 30, 2024, Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2023


	Comparable Properties Results(1)								Other Properties Results(2)				Consolidated Results
	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		$ Change		% Change		2024		2023		2024		2023		$ Change		% Change
	(dollars in thousands)
Rental revenue	$	12,782	$	13,927	$	(1,145)	(8.2)	%	$	—	$	1	$	12,782	$	13,928	$	(1,146)	(8.2)	%
Other revenue	1,206		1,277		(71)		(5.6)	%	—		7		1,206		1,284		(78)		(6.1)	%
Operating expenses	(6,863)		(6,719)		(144)		2.1	%	—		(3)		(6,863)		(6,722)		(141)		2.1	%
Net operating income(3)	$	7,125	$	8,485	$	(1,360)	(16.0)	%	$	—	$	5	7,125		8,490		(1,365)		(16.1)	%
Other expenses:
Depreciation and amortization													4,214		4,436		(222)		(5.0)	%
General and administrative													8,886		7,061		1,825		25.8	%
Loss on asset impairment													50,226		—		50,226		N/A
Total other expenses													63,326		11,497		51,829		450.8	%
Interest and other income, net													29,996		29,269		727		2.5	%



(Loss) income before income taxes													(26,205)		26,262		(52,467)		(199.8)	%
Income tax expense													(22)		(30)		8		(26.7)	%
Net (loss) income													(26,227)		26,232		(52,459)		(200.0)	%
Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interest													38		(86)		124		(144.2)	%
Net (loss) income attributable to Equity Commonwealth													(26,189)		26,146		(52,335)		(200.2)	%
Preferred distributions													(1,997)		(1,997)		—		—	%


Net (loss) income attributable to Equity Commonwealth common shareholders													$	(28,186)	$	24,149	$	(52,335)	(216.7)	%

(1)Comparable properties consist of four properties we owned continuously from July 1, 2023 to September 30, 2024.

(2)Other properties consist of properties sold.

(3)We define net operating income, or NOI, as income from our real estate including lease termination fees received from tenants less our property operating expenses. NOI excludes amortization of capitalized tenant improvement costs and leasing commissions and corporate level expenses. For a discussion of why we consider NOI to be an appropriate supplemental measure to net income as well as a reconciliation of NOI to net income, the most directly comparable financial measure under GAAP reported on our consolidated financial statements, please see the section entitled “- Liquidity and Capital Resources - Property Net Operating Income (NOI).”

Rental revenue. Rental revenue at the comparable properties decreased $1.1 million, or 8.2%, in the 2024 period, compared to the 2023 period, primarily due to a $0.6 million decrease in base rent, a $0.2 million decrease in escalations and a $0.2 million decrease in real estate tax recoveries.

Operating expenses. Operating expenses increased $0.1 million, or 2.1%, at the comparable properties in the 2024 period, compared to the 2023 period, primarily due to a $0.2 million increase in maintenance and repairs, a $0.1 million increase in utility expense, a $0.1 million increase in HVAC expense and $0.1 million of expense in the 2024 period to prepare the properties for sale, partially offset by a $0.2 million decrease in real estate tax expense and a $0.2 million decrease in pre-leasing demolition costs.

Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization decreased $0.2 million, or 5.0% in the 2024 period, compared to the 2023 period, primarily due to acceleration of depreciation and amortization related to a lease contraction in the prior period and a decrease in occupancy.

General and administrative. General and administrative expenses increased $1.8 million, or 25.8% in the 2024 period, compared to the 2023 period, primarily due to a $0.9 million increase in legal expenses, $0.5 million of severance expense in the 2024 period, a $0.2 increase in share-based compensation expense and a $0.1 million increase in payroll expense.

Loss on asset impairment. We recorded impairment charges of $50.2 million in the 2024 period related to 1250 H Street, NW, 206 East 9th Street and Bridgepoint Square, as a result of our current estimates of market value less estimated costs to sell.

Interest and other income, net. Interest and other income, net increased $0.7 million, or 2.5% in the 2024 period, compared to the 2023 period, primarily due to more interest received from higher average cash balances.

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Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interest. From 2017 through 2024, we granted LTIP Units to certain of our trustees and employees. Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interest of $38,000 in the 2024 period and $(0.1) million in the 2023 period relates to the allocation of income to the LTIP/OP Unit holders.

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024, Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023


	Comparable Properties Results(1)								Other Properties Results(2)				Consolidated Results
	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		$ Change		% Change		2024		2023		2024		2023		$ Change		% Change
	(dollars in thousands)
Rental revenue	$	39,491	$	41,511	$	(2,020)	(4.9)	%	$	—	$	1	$	39,491	$	41,512	$	(2,021)	(4.9)	%
Other revenue	3,796		3,848		(52)		(1.4)	%	—		18		3,796		3,866		(70)		(1.8)	%
Operating expenses	(20,099)		(20,914)		815		(3.9)	%	(19)		(6)		(20,118)		(20,920)		802		(3.8)	%
Net operating income(3)	$	23,188	$	24,445	$	(1,257)	(5.1)	%	$	(19)	$	13	23,169		24,458		(1,289)		(5.3)	%
Other expenses:
Depreciation and amortization													12,753		13,260		(507)		(3.8)	%
General and administrative													25,565		29,470		(3,905)		(13.3)	%
Loss on asset impairment													50,226		—		50,226		N/A
Total other expenses													88,544		42,730		45,814		107.2	%
Interest and other income, net													89,278		84,997		4,281		5.0	%



Income before income taxes													23,903		66,725		(42,822)		(64.2)	%
Income tax expense													(486)		(1,906)		1,420		(74.5)	%
Net income													23,417		64,819		(41,402)		(63.9)	%
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest													(51)		(204)		153		(75.0)	%
Net income attributable to Equity Commonwealth													23,366		64,615		(41,249)		(63.8)	%
Preferred distributions													(5,991)		(5,991)		—		—	%


Net income attributable to Equity Commonwealth common shareholders													$	17,375	$	58,624	$	(41,249)	(70.4)	%

(1)Comparable properties consist of four properties we owned continuously from January 1, 2023 to September 30, 2024.

(2)Other properties consist of properties sold.

Rental revenue. Rental revenue at the comparable properties decreased $2.0 million, or 4.9%, in the 2024 period, compared to the 2023 period, primarily due to a $1.0 million decrease in escalations, a $0.9 million decrease in base rent and a $0.5 million decrease in real estate tax recoveries, partially offset by a $0.4 million increase in lease termination fees.

Operating expenses. Operating expenses at the comparable properties decreased $0.8 million, or 3.9%, in the 2024 period, compared to the 2023 period primarily due to a $1.1 million decrease in pre-leasing demolition costs and a $0.6 million decrease in real estate tax expense, partially offset by a $0.3 million increase in maintenance and repairs, a $0.2 million increase in utility expense, $0.2 million of expense in the 2024 period to prepare the properties for sale, a $1.0 million increase in HVAC expense and a $1.0 million increase in landscaping expense.

Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization decreased $0.5 million, or 3.8% in the 2024 period, compared to the 2023 period, primarily due to acceleration of depreciation and amortization related to a lease contraction in the prior period and a decrease in occupancy.

General and administrative. General and administrative expenses decreased $3.9 million, or 13.3%, in the 2024 period, compared to the 2023 period, primarily due to $6.0 million of compensation expenses related to the passing of our former chairman in the 2023 period and a $0.4 million decrease in share-based compensation expense, partially offset by a $1.3 million increase in legal expenses, $0.5 million of severance expense in the 2024 period, a $0.3 million increase in payroll expense, a $0.2 million increase in professional fees and a $0.2 million increase in bonus expense. Excluding the $6.0 million of compensation expense related to the passing of our former chairman in the 2023 period, general and administrative expenses increased $2.1 million, or 8.7%, in the 2024 period, compared to the 2023 period.

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Interest and other income, net. Interest and other income, net increased $4.3 million, or 5.0%, in the 2024 period, compared to the 2023 period, primarily due to more interest received from higher average interest rates, partially offset by lower average cash balances.

Income tax expense. Income tax expense decreased $1.4 million in the 2024 period, compared to the 2023 period, primarily due to a decrease in federal income taxes at our taxable REIT subsidiary.

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest. From 2017 through 2024, we granted LTIP Units to certain of our trustees and employees. Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest of $0.1 million in the 2024 period and $0.2 million in the 2023 period relates to the allocation of income to the LTIP/OP Unit holders.

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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Our Operating Liquidity and Resources

On July 30, 2024, our Board of Trustees: (i) determined that it is advisable and in the best interests of our shareholders to proceed with the wind down of our operations and the liquidation of our assets in order to maximize shareholder value, and (ii) directed management to prepare proxy materials seeking shareholder approval of a plan of sale and dissolution. On October 2, 2024, we filed the Definitive Proxy with the SEC and set November 12, 2024 as the date for the Special Shareholder Meeting for shareholders of record at the close of business on October 1, 2024 to vote on the proposed Plan of Sale. The vote on these matters will materially impact our long-term capital needs and our plan to meet those needs. As of September 30, 2024, we had $2.2 billion of cash and cash equivalents. We expect to use our cash balances, cash flow from our operations and proceeds of any future property sales to fund our operations, make distributions, repurchase our common shares, make investments in our existing properties, fund tenant improvements and leasing costs and for other general business purposes. We believe our cash balances and the cash flow from our operations, as well as expected proceeds from the sale of our assets, will be sufficient to fund our ordinary course activities.

Our future cash flows from operating activities will depend on our ability to collect rent from our current tenants under their leases. Our ability to collect rent and generate parking revenue in the near term may continue to be adversely impacted by the market disruption caused by economic uncertainty and an overall slowdown in the office leasing market following the COVID-19 pandemic, including remote and hybrid working trends and other factors impacting the demand for office space. We cannot predict the ultimate impact of the overall slowdown in the office leasing market on our results of operations.

Our future cash flows from operating activities will also depend upon our:

•ability to maintain or improve the occupancy of, and the rental rates at, our properties; and

•ability to control operating and financing expense increases at our properties.

In addition, our future cash flows will also depend in part on interest income earned on our invested cash balances.

Volatility in energy costs and real estate taxes may cause our future operating expenses to fluctuate; however, the impact of these fluctuations is expected to be partially offset by the pass through of operating expenses to our tenants pursuant to lease terms, although there can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully offset these expenses or that doing so would not negatively impact our competitive position or business.

Net cash flows provided by (used in) operating, investing and financing activities were $88.5 million, $(12.7) million and $(11.1) million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, and $86.4 million, $(4.6) million and $(536.3) million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. Changes in our cash flows between 2024 and 2023 are primarily related to distributions to common shareholders and repurchase and retirement of common shares.

Our Investment and Financing Liquidity and Resources

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we paid an aggregate of $6.0 million of distributions on our series D preferred shares. On October 16, 2024, our Board of Trustees declared a dividend of $0.40625 per series D preferred share, which will be paid on November 15, 2024 to shareholders of record on October 31, 2024.

We may utilize various types of financings, including debt or equity, to fund obligations as they become due. Although we are not currently rated by the debt rating agencies, the completion and the costs of any future debt transactions will depend primarily upon market conditions and our credit ratings at such time, if any. We have no control over market conditions. Any credit ratings will depend upon evaluations by credit rating agencies of our business practices and plans and, in particular, whether we appear to have the ability to maintain our earnings, to space any debt maturities and to balance our use of debt and equity capital so that our financial performance and leverage ratios afford us flexibility to withstand any reasonably foreseeable adverse changes.

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During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, amounts capitalized at our properties for tenant improvements, leasing costs and building improvements were as follows (amounts in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Tenant improvements(1)	$	758	$	224	$	8,325	$	3,332
Leasing costs(2)	8		646		333		2,481
Building improvements(3)	536		1,438		3,121		2,166

(1)Tenant improvements include capital expenditures to improve tenants’ spaces.

(2)Leasing costs include leasing commissions and related legal expenses.

(3)Building improvements generally include expenditures to replace obsolete building components and expenditures that extend the useful life of existing assets. Tenant-funded capital expenditures are excluded.

NON-GAAP MEASURES

Funds from Operations (FFO) and Normalized FFO

We compute FFO in accordance with standards established by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, or Nareit. Nareit defines FFO as net income, calculated in accordance with GAAP, excluding real estate depreciation and amortization, gains (or losses) from sales of depreciable property, impairment of depreciable real estate, and our portion of these items related to equity investees and noncontrolling interests. Our calculation of Normalized FFO differs from Nareit’s definition of FFO because we exclude certain items that we view as nonrecurring or impacting comparability from period to period. We consider FFO and Normalized FFO to be appropriate measures of operating performance for a REIT, along with net income, net income attributable to Equity Commonwealth common shareholders and cash flow from operating activities.

We believe that FFO and Normalized FFO provide useful information to investors because by excluding the effects of certain historical amounts, such as depreciation expense, FFO and Normalized FFO may facilitate a comparison of our operating performance between periods and with other REITs. FFO and Normalized FFO do not represent cash generated by operating activities in accordance with GAAP and should not be considered as alternatives to net income, net income (loss) attributable to Equity Commonwealth common shareholders or cash flow from operating activities, determined in accordance with GAAP, or as indicators of our financial performance or liquidity, nor are these measures necessarily indicative of sufficient cash flow to fund all of our needs. These measures should be considered in conjunction with net income, net income (loss) attributable to Equity Commonwealth common shareholders and cash flow from operating activities as presented in our condensed consolidated statements of operations and condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. Other REITs and real estate companies may calculate FFO and Normalized FFO differently than we do.

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The following table provides a reconciliation of net income to FFO attributable to Equity Commonwealth common shareholders and unitholders and a reconciliation to Normalized FFO attributable to Equity Commonwealth common shareholders and unitholders (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Reconciliation to FFO:
Net (loss) income	$	(26,227)	$	26,232	$	23,417	$	64,819
Real estate depreciation and amortization	4,202		4,429		12,717		13,231
Loss on asset impairment(1)	50,226		—		50,226		—

FFO attributable to Equity Commonwealth	28,201		30,661		86,360		78,050
Preferred distributions	(1,997)		(1,997)		(5,991)		(5,991)

FFO attributable to Equity Commonwealth common shareholders and unitholders	$	26,204	$	28,664	$	80,369	$	72,059

Reconciliation to Normalized FFO:
FFO attributable to Equity Commonwealth common shareholders and unitholders	$	26,204	$	28,664	$	80,369	$	72,059

Straight-line rent adjustments	(77)		(107)		(559)		445
Wind down costs	1,246		—		1,246		—



Former chairman accelerated compensation expense	—		—		—		5,957



Normalized FFO attributable to Equity Commonwealth common shareholders and unitholders	$	27,373	$	28,557	$	81,056	$	78,461

(1)Includes $16.3 million of loss on asset impairment related to non-real estate assets which will be written off or transferred to a buyer upon sale.

Property Net Operating Income (NOI)

We use another non-GAAP measure, property net operating income, or NOI, to evaluate the performance of our properties. We define NOI as income from our real estate including lease termination fees received from tenants less our property operating expenses. NOI excludes amortization of capitalized tenant improvement costs and leasing commissions and corporate level expenses.

The following table includes the reconciliation of NOI to net income, the most directly comparable financial measure under GAAP reported in our consolidated financial statements. We consider NOI to be an appropriate supplemental measure to net income because it may help to understand the operations of our properties. We use NOI internally to evaluate property level performance, and we believe that NOI provides useful information to investors regarding our results of operations because it reflects only those income and expense items that are incurred at the property level and may facilitate comparisons of our operating performance between periods and with other REITs. NOI does not represent cash generated by operating activities in accordance with GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to net income, net income attributable to Equity Commonwealth common shareholders or cash flow from operating activities, determined in accordance with GAAP, or as an indicator of our financial performance or liquidity, nor is this measure necessarily indicative of sufficient cash flow to fund all of our needs. This measure should be considered in conjunction with net income, net income (loss) attributable to Equity Commonwealth common shareholders and cash flow from operating activities as presented in our consolidated statements of operations and consolidated statements of cash flows. Other REITs and real estate companies may calculate NOI differently than we do.

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A reconciliation of NOI to net (loss) income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, is as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Rental revenue	$	12,782	$	13,928	$	39,491	$	41,512
Other revenue	1,206		1,284		3,796		3,866
Operating expenses	(6,863)		(6,722)		(20,118)		(20,920)
NOI	$	7,125	$	8,490	$	23,169	$	24,458

NOI	$	7,125	$	8,490	$	23,169	$	24,458
Depreciation and amortization	(4,214)		(4,436)		(12,753)		(13,260)
General and administrative	(8,886)		(7,061)		(25,565)		(29,470)
Loss on asset impairment	(50,226)		—		(50,226)		—
Interest and other income, net	29,996		29,269		89,278		84,997



(Loss) income before income taxes	(26,205)		26,262		23,903		66,725
Income tax expense	(22)		(30)		(486)		(1,906)
Net (loss) income	$	(26,227)	$	26,232	$	23,417	$	64,819

Related Person Transactions

For information about our related person transactions, see Note 11 to the notes to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

The Company’s market risk has not changed materially from the amounts and information reported in Part II, Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk, in our Annual Report.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

As of the end of the period covered by this report, our management carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chair of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer and our Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to the Exchange Act Rule 13a-15 and Rule 15d-15. Based upon that evaluation, our Chair of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer and our Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II. Other Information

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

We are or may become a party to various legal proceedings. We are not currently involved in any litigation nor, to our knowledge, is any litigation threatened against us where the outcome would, in our judgment based on information currently available to us, have a material adverse effect on the Company.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

Other than as previously disclosed in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2024 and in our Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed on October 2, 2024, there have been no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed in our Annual Report.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.

There are no unresolved staff comments.

Item 1C. Cybersecurity.

There have been no material changes for cybersecurity previously disclosed in our Annual Report.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

Not applicable.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

Not applicable.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information.

None of our officers or directors adopted or terminated any contract, instruction or written plan for the purchase or sale of our securities intended to satisfy the affirmative defense condition of Rule 10b5-1(c) or any non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement.

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Item 6. Exhibits.


Exhibit Number			Description
3.1			Articles of Amendment and Restatement of Declaration of Trust of the Company, dated July 1, 1994, as amended to date. (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed August 1, 2014.)

3.2			Articles Supplementary, dated October 10, 2006. (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 11, 2006.)

3.3			Articles Supplementary, dated May 31, 2011. (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 31, 2011.)

3.4			Articles Supplementary, dated March 14, 2018. (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 15, 2018.)

3.5			Fourth Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company, adopted April 2, 2020. (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed April 3, 2020.)

4.1			Form of Common Share Certificate. (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2014.)

4.2			Form of 6.50% Series D Cumulative Convertible Preferred Share Certificate. (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012.)

31.1			Rule 13a-14(a) Certification . (Filed herewith.)

31.2			Rule 13a-14(a) Certification. (Filed herewith.)

32.1			Section 1350 Certification. (Furnished herewith.)

101			The following materials from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2024, formatted in Inline XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity, (iv) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (v) related notes to these condensed consolidated financial statements, tagged as blocks of text and in detail. (Filed herewith.)

104			Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


EQUITY COMMONWEALTH


By:	/s/ David A. Helfand
	David A. Helfand
	Chair of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer
	Dated:	October 24, 2024


By:	/s/ William H. Griffiths
	William H. Griffiths
	Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
	Dated:	October 24, 2024

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO EXCHANGE ACT RULES 13a-14(a) AND 15d-14(a)

I, David A. Helfand, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Equity Commonwealth;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.


Date:	October 24, 2024	/s/ David A. Helfand
		David A. Helfand
		Chair of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer

EXHIBIT 31.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO EXCHANGE ACT RULES 13a-14(a) AND 15d-14(a)

I, William H. Griffiths, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Equity Commonwealth;

b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.


Date:	October 24, 2024	/s/ William H. Griffiths
		William H. Griffiths
		Executive Vice President, Chief
		Financial Officer and Treasurer

Exhibit 32.1


Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Sec. 1350

In connection with the filing by Equity Commonwealth (the “Company”) of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2024 (the “Report”), each of the undersigned hereby certifies, to the best of his knowledge:

1)The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2)The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.


/s/ David A. Helfand		/s/ William H. Griffiths
David A. Helfand		William H. Griffiths
Chair of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer		Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
		and Treasurer

Date:	October 24, 2024

Cover Page - shares	9 Months Ended
Cover Page - shares	Sep. 30, 2024	Oct. 18, 2024
Document Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2024
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	1-9317
Entity Registrant Name	EQUITY COMMONWEALTH
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	MD
Entity Tax Identification Number	04-6558834
Entity Address, Address Line One	Two North Riverside Plaza, Suite 2000
Entity Address, City or Town	Chicago
Entity Address, State or Province	IL
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	60606
City Area Code	(312)
Local Phone Number	646-2800
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding (in shares)		107,334,031
Entity Central Index Key	0000803649
Amendment Flag	false
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Common Shares of Beneficial Interest
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Shares of Beneficial Interest
Trading Symbol	EQC
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
6.50% Series D Cumulative Convertible Preferred Shares of Beneficial Interest
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	6.50% Series D Cumulative Convertible Preferred Shares of Beneficial Interest
Trading Symbol	EQCpD
Security Exchange Name	NYSE

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Real estate properties:
Land	$ 22,400	$ 44,060
Buildings and improvements	158,152	367,827
Total real estate properties, at cost, gross	180,552	411,887
Accumulated depreciation	(69,254)	(180,535)
Total real estate properties, at cost, net	111,298	231,352
Assets held for sale	86,803	0
Cash and cash equivalents	2,225,150	2,160,535
Rents receivable	8,046	15,737
Other assets, net	9,833	17,417
Total assets	2,441,130	2,425,041
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Liabilities related to properties held for sale	6,200	0
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other	17,621	27,298
Rent collected in advance	1,324	1,990
Distributions payable	2,803	5,640
Total liabilities	27,948	34,928
Shareholders’ equity:
Series D preferred shares; 6.50% cumulative convertible; $4,915,196 shares issued and outstanding, aggregate liquidation preference of $122,880	119,263	119,263
Common shares of beneficial interest, $0.01 par value: $350,000,000 shares authorized; $107,327,691 and $106,847,438 shares issued and outstanding, respectively	1,073	1,068
Additional paid in capital	3,942,389	3,935,873
Cumulative net income	3,950,345	3,926,979
Cumulative common distributions	(4,863,688)	(4,864,440)
Cumulative preferred distributions	(739,667)	(733,676)
Total shareholders’ equity	2,409,715	2,385,067
Noncontrolling interest	3,467	5,046
Total equity	2,413,182	2,390,113
Total liabilities and equity	$ 2,441,130	$ 2,425,041

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Preferred shares of beneficial interest, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred shares of beneficial interest, shares authorized (in shares)	50,000,000	50,000,000
Preferred shares, dividend percentage	6.50%	6.50%
Preferred shares of beneficial interest, shares issued (in shares)	4,915,196	4,915,196
Preferred shares, of beneficial interest, shares outstanding (in shares)	4,915,196	4,915,196
Preferred shares, aggregate liquidation preference	$ 122,880	$ 122,880
Common shares of beneficial interest, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common shares of beneficial interest, shares authorized (in shares)	350,000,000	350,000,000
Common shares of beneficial interest, shares issued (in shares)	107,327,691	106,847,438
Common shares of beneficial interest, shares outstanding (in shares)	107,327,691	106,847,438

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Revenues:
Rental revenue	$ 12,782	$ 13,928	$ 39,491	$ 41,512
Other revenue	1,206	1,284	3,796	3,866
Total revenues	13,988	15,212	43,287	45,378
Expenses:
Operating expenses	6,863	6,722	20,118	20,920
Depreciation and amortization	4,214	4,436	12,753	13,260
General and administrative	8,886	7,061	25,565	29,470
Loss on asset impairment	50,226	0	50,226	0
Total expenses	70,189	18,219	108,662	63,650
Interest and other income, net	29,996	29,269	89,278	84,997
(Loss) income before income taxes	(26,205)	26,262	23,903	66,725
Income tax expense	(22)	(30)	(486)	(1,906)
Net (loss) income	(26,227)	26,232	23,417	64,819
Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interest	38	(86)	(51)	(204)
Net (loss) income attributable to Equity Commonwealth	(26,189)	26,146	23,366	64,615
Preferred distributions	(1,997)	(1,997)	(5,991)	(5,991)
Net (loss) income attributable to Equity Commonwealth common shareholders	$ (28,186)	$ 24,149	$ 17,375	$ 58,624
Weighted average common shares outstanding — basic (in shares)	107,456	108,931	107,363	109,494
Weighted average common shares outstanding — diluted (in shares)	107,456	110,217	108,391	110,916
Earnings per common share attributable to Equity Commonwealth common shareholders:
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ (0.26)	$ 0.22	$ 0.16	$ 0.54
Diluted (in dollars per share)	(0.26)	0.22	0.16	0.53
Distributions declared per common share (in dollars per share)	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 4.25

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Series D Preferred Shares	Common Shares	Additional Paid in Capital	Cumulative Net Income	Cumulative Common Distributions	Cumulative Preferred Distributions	Noncontrolling Interest
Balance as of beginning of period (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022		4,915,196	109,428,252
Balance as of beginning of period at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 2,823,732	$ 119,263	$ 1,094	$ 3,979,566	$ 3,835,815	$ (4,393,522)	$ (725,688)	$ 7,204
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net income	64,819				64,615			204
Share-based compensation (in shares)			436,398
Share-based compensation	13,476		$ 4	10,807				2,665
Distributions	(479,593)					(471,668)	(5,991)	(1,934)
Adjustment for noncontrolling interest	0			166				(166)
Surrender of shares for tax withholding (in shares)			(134,193)
Surrender of shares for tax withholding	(3,395)		$ (1)	(3,394)
Repurchase of shares (in shares)			(3,018,411)
Repurchase of shares	(56,803)		$ (30)	(56,773)
Balance as of end of period (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023		4,915,196	106,712,046
Balance as of end of period at Sep. 30, 2023	2,362,236	$ 119,263	$ 1,067	3,930,372	3,900,430	(4,865,190)	(731,679)	7,973
Balance as of beginning of period (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2023		4,915,196	109,730,457
Balance as of beginning of period at Jun. 30, 2023	2,391,827	$ 119,263	$ 1,097	3,984,681	3,874,284	(4,865,668)	(729,682)	7,852
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net income	26,232				26,146			86
Share-based compensation	2,499			2,447				52
Distributions	(1,519)					478	(1,997)
Adjustment for noncontrolling interest	0			17				(17)
Repurchase of shares (in shares)			(3,018,411)
Repurchase of shares	(56,803)		$ (30)	(56,773)
Balance as of end of period (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023		4,915,196	106,712,046
Balance as of end of period at Sep. 30, 2023	2,362,236	$ 119,263	$ 1,067	3,930,372	3,900,430	(4,865,190)	(731,679)	7,973
Balance as of beginning of period (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023		4,915,196	106,847,438
Balance as of beginning of period at Dec. 31, 2023	2,390,113	$ 119,263	$ 1,068	3,935,873	3,926,979	(4,864,440)	(733,676)	5,046
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net income	23,417				23,366			51
Share-based compensation (in shares)			564,297
Share-based compensation	7,947		$ 6	7,787				154
Distributions	(5,239)					752	(5,991)
Adjustment for noncontrolling interest	0			340				(340)
Surrender of shares for tax withholding (in shares)			(161,837)
Surrender of shares for tax withholding	(3,056)		$ (2)	(3,054)
OP unit redemption (in shares)			77,793
OP Unit redemption	0		$ 1	1,443				(1,444)
Balance as of end of period (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2024		4,915,196	107,327,691
Balance as of end of period at Sep. 30, 2024	2,413,182	$ 119,263	$ 1,073	3,942,389	3,950,345	(4,863,688)	(739,667)	3,467
Balance as of beginning of period (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2024		4,915,196	107,327,691
Balance as of beginning of period at Jun. 30, 2024	2,437,787	$ 119,263	$ 1,073	3,939,583	3,976,534	(4,864,499)	(737,670)	3,503
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net income	(26,227)				(26,189)			(38)
Share-based compensation	2,758			2,705				53
Distributions	(1,136)					811	(1,997)	50
Adjustment for noncontrolling interest	0			101				(101)
Balance as of end of period (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2024		4,915,196	107,327,691
Balance as of end of period at Sep. 30, 2024	$ 2,413,182	$ 119,263	$ 1,073	$ 3,942,389	$ 3,950,345	$ (4,863,688)	$ (739,667)	$ 3,467

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income	$ 23,417	$ 64,819
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation	10,894	11,353
Straight-line rental income	(559)	445
Other amortization	1,859	1,907
Amortization of right-of-use asset	126	0
Share-based compensation	7,947	13,476
Loss on asset impairment	50,226	0
Change in assets and liabilities:
Rents receivable and other assets	(1,907)	(1,082)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other	(4,328)	(4,253)
Rent collected in advance	779	(222)
Net cash provided by operating activities	88,454	86,443
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Real estate improvements	(12,706)	(4,613)
Cash used in investing activities	(12,706)	(4,613)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Repurchase and retirement of common shares	(3,056)	(60,198)
Distributions to common shareholders	(2,036)	(468,232)
Distributions to preferred shareholders	(5,991)	(5,991)
Distributions to holders of noncontrolling interest	(50)	(1,843)
Net cash used in financing activities	(11,133)	(536,264)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	64,615	(454,434)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	2,160,535	2,582,222
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	2,225,150	2,127,788
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Taxes paid, net	182	1,946
Recognition of right-of-use asset and lease liability	873	0
NON-CASH INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Accrued capital expenditures	1,621	1,819
NON-CASH FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Distributions payable	2,803	6,390
OP Unit redemption	$ 1,444	$ 0

Business	9 Months Ended
Business	Sep. 30, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Business	Business Equity Commonwealth, or the Company, is a real estate investment trust, or REIT, formed in 1986 under the laws of the State of Maryland. Our business is primarily the ownership and operation of office properties in the United States. The Company operates in an umbrella partnership real estate investment trust, or UPREIT, and conducts substantially all of its activities through EQC Operating Trust, a Maryland real estate investment trust, or the Operating Trust. The Company beneficially owned 99.86% of the outstanding shares of beneficial interest, designated as units, in the Operating Trust, or OP Units, as of September 30, 2024, and the Company is the sole trustee of the Operating Trust. As the sole trustee, the Company generally has the power under the declaration of trust of the Operating Trust to manage and conduct the business of the Operating Trust, subject to certain limited approval and voting rights of other holders of OP Units. On October 2, 2024 the Company filed a definitive proxy statement, the Definitive Proxy, with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission related to a Special Meeting of Shareholders, the Special Shareholder Meeting, for the following purposes: (i) to consider and vote upon the Plan of Sale and Dissolution of the Company, the Plan of Sale, including the wind-down and complete liquidation of the Company, and the dissolution and termination of the Company, including the establishment of a Liquidating Entity (as defined in the Definitive Proxy), and (ii) on an advisory, non-binding basis, to consider and vote upon compensation that may become payable by the Company to its named executive officers in connection with the Plan of Sale. The Plan of Sale, which the Company’s Board of Trustees has determined is in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders, authorizes the Company to sell all of its remaining properties, wind-down the Company’s affairs and distribute the net proceeds to shareholders. As disclosed in the Definitive Proxy, the Special Shareholder Meeting is scheduled to be held virtually on November 12, 2024 for shareholders of record at the close of business on October 1, 2024. If the Plan of Sale is approved by the Company's shareholders, the Company will adopt the liquidation basis of accounting which requires the Company's assets to be recognized at the estimated amounts expected to be collected and liabilities to be recognized at the estimated amounts at which they are expected to be settled. At September 30, 2024, our portfolio consisted of four properties (eight buildings), with a combined 1.5 million square feet, and we had $2.2 billion of cash and cash equivalents.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	9 Months Ended
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Sep. 30, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements of EQC have been prepared without audit. Certain information and footnote disclosures required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, for complete financial statements have been condensed or omitted. We believe the disclosures made are appropriate. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, or our Annual Report, for the year ended December 31, 2023. Capitalized terms used, but not defined in this Quarterly Report, have the same meanings as in our Annual Report. In the opinion of our management, all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation, have been included. All intercompany transactions and balances with or among our subsidiaries have been eliminated. Operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates in the condensed consolidated financial statements include the assessment of the collectability of rental revenue, purchase price allocations, useful lives of fixed assets and impairment of real estate and intangible assets. Dollar amounts presented may be approximate. Share amounts are presented in whole numbers, except where noted. New Accounting Pronouncements In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which improves the disclosures about a public entity's reportable segments and addresses requests from investors for additional, more detailed information about a reportable segment's expenses. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 2023-07 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which enhances the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. This update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted for annual financial statements that have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 2023-09 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Real Estate Properties

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Real Estate [Abstract]

Real Estate Properties

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, we made improvements, excluding tenant-funded improvements, to our properties totaling $11.4 million and $5.5 million, respectively.

Properties Held for Sale


Asset	Number of Properties	Number of Buildings	Square Footage
1250 H Street, NW	1	1	196,490
206 East 9th Street (Capitol Tower)	1	1	175,510
Bridgepoint Square	1	5	440,007
	3	7	812,007

Summarized balance sheet information for the properties classified as held for sale is as follows (in thousands):


	September 30, 2024
Real estate properties	$	86,707

Other assets, net	96
Properties held for sale	$	86,803

Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	4,755
Rent collected in advance	1,445

Liabilities related to properties held for sale	$	6,200

Lease Payments

Rental revenue consists of the following (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Lease payments	$	8,470	$	9,115	$	25,908	$	26,878
Variable lease payments	4,312		4,813		13,583		14,634
Rental revenue	$	12,782	$	13,928	$	39,491	$	41,512

Shareholders' Equity

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

Shareholders' Equity

Shareholders’ Equity

Common Share Issuances

See Note 7 for information regarding equity issuances related to share-based compensation.

Common Share Repurchases

Common Share Distributions

Preferred Share Distributions

In 2024, our Board of Trustees declared distributions on our series D preferred shares to date as follows:

Declaration Date

Record Date

Payment Date

Series D Dividend Per Share

January 16, 2024

January 31, 2024

February 15, 2024

0.40625

April 16, 2024

April 30, 2024

May 15, 2024

0.40625

July 16, 2024

July 31, 2024

August 15, 2024

0.40625

October 16, 2024

October 31, 2024

November 15, 2024

0.40625

Noncontrolling Interest

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]

Noncontrolling Interest

The following table presents the changes in Equity Commonwealth’s issued and outstanding common shares and units for the nine months ended September 30, 2024:


	Common Shares	OP Units and LTIP Units	Total
Outstanding at January 1, 2024	106,847,438	226,018	107,073,456
Repurchase and surrender of shares	(161,837)	—	(161,837)
OP Unit redemption	77,793	(77,793)	—
Share-based compensation grants and vesting, net of forfeitures	564,297	6,218	570,515
Outstanding at September 30, 2024	107,327,691	154,443	107,482,134
Noncontrolling ownership interest in the Operating Trust			0.14	%

Income Taxes

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Our provision for income taxes consists of the following (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Current:
State and local	$	(22)	$	(30)	$	(486)	$	(90)
Federal	—		—		—		(1,816)





Income tax expense	$	(22)	$	(30)	$	(486)	$	(1,906)

Federal income tax expense in the 2023 period relates to federal income taxes at our taxable REIT subsidiary.

Share-Based Compensation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Share-Based Compensation

2024 Equity Award Activity


	2024
Fair value of market-based awards granted	$	27.08
Expected term (years)	4
Expected volatility	15.46		%

Risk-free rate	4.06		%

2023 Equity Award Activity

Outstanding Equity Awards

Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities	9 Months Ended
Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities	Sep. 30, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities	Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities Properties Held for Sale Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. A three-level valuation hierarchy exists for disclosures of fair value measurements based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. A financial instrument's categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. See Note 2 to the financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 for additional information. The three levels are defined below: •Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. •Level 2 - Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. •Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. At September 30, 2024, we have classified 1250 H Street, NW, 206 East 9th Street and Bridgepoint Square as held for sale in accordance with ASC 360. As a result of our current estimates of market value less estimated costs to sell, it was necessary to record impairment charges of $50.2 million which includes $16.3 million of impairment related to non-real estate assets. We determined these impairments based on third-party offer prices, which are level 2 inputs according to the fair value hierarchy established in ASC 820. We reduced the aggregate carrying values of these properties from $136.9 million to their estimated fair value less estimated costs to sell of $86.7 million. We evaluated each of our properties and determined there were no additional valuation adjustments necessary at September 30, 2024. Financial Instruments Our financial instruments include our cash and cash equivalents. At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the fair value of these financial instruments was not different from their carrying values. Other financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of rents receivable. As of September 30, 2024, no single tenant of ours is responsible for more than 10% of our consolidated revenues.

Earnings Per Common Share

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings Per Common Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share (amounts in thousands except per share amounts):


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Numerator for earnings per common share - basic:
Net (loss) income	$	(26,227)	$	26,232	$	23,417	$	64,819
Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interest	38		(86)		(51)		(204)
Preferred distributions	(1,997)		(1,997)		(5,991)		(5,991)


Numerator for net (loss) income per share - basic	$	(28,186)	$	24,149	$	17,375	$	58,624

Numerator for earnings per common share - diluted:
Net (loss) income	$	(26,227)	$	26,232	$	23,417	$	64,819
Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interest	38		(86)		(51)		(204)
Preferred distributions	(1,997)		(1,997)		(5,991)		(5,991)

Numerator for net (loss) income per share - diluted	$	(28,186)	$	24,149	$	17,375	$	58,624

Denominator for earnings per common share - basic and diluted:
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic(1)	107,456		108,931		107,363		109,494
RSUs(2)	—		1,176		921		1,299
LTIP Units(3)	—		110		107		123


Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - diluted	107,456		110,217		108,391		110,916

Net (loss) income per common share attributable to Equity Commonwealth common shareholders:
Basic	$	(0.26)	$	0.22	$	0.16	$	0.54
Diluted	$	(0.26)	$	0.22	$	0.16	$	0.53

Anti-dilutive securities(4):
Effect of Series D preferred shares; 6.50% cumulative convertible	4,032		4,032		4,032		4,032
Effect of RSUs(2)	640		—		—		—
Effect of LTIP Units(3)	101		—		—		—
Effect of OP Units and time-based LTIP Units(5)	154		361		180		348

(2) Represents the weighted-average number of common shares that would have been issued if the quarter-end was the measurement date for unvested, unearned RSUs.

(3) Represents the weighted-average dilutive shares issuable from market-based LTIP Units if the quarter-end was the measurement date for the periods shown.

(4) These securities are excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation for one or more of the periods presented because including them results in anti-dilution.

(5) Beneficial interests in the Operating Trust.

Segment Information	9 Months Ended
Segment Information	Sep. 30, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Segment Information	Segment InformationOur primary business is the ownership and operation of office properties, and we currently have one reportable segment. One hundred percent of our revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 were from office properties.

Related Person Transactions	9 Months Ended
Related Person Transactions	Sep. 30, 2024
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]
Related Person Transactions	Related Person Transactions The following discussion includes a description of our related person transactions for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. We lease office space for our corporate headquarters from Two North Riverside Plaza Joint Venture Limited Partnership, an entity associated with Equity Group Investments (EGI), a private entrepreneurial investment firm founded by Sam Zell, our former Chairman who passed away on May 18, 2023. Messrs. Helfand and Weinberg continue to be advisors to EGI and certain other members of our team are expected to continue to have limited involvement in its activities. In December 2022, we entered into a third amendment to our July 20, 2015 lease with Two North Riverside Plaza Joint Venture Limited Partnership to occupy office space on the twentieth and twenty-first floors of Two North Riverside Plaza in Chicago, Illinois. The amendment extended the lease term for one year, through December 31, 2023, with no renewal options, for a lease payment of $0.4 million per year. In August 2023, we entered into a fourth amendment to the lease extending the lease term for one year, through December 31, 2024, with no renewal options and contracting square feet to the existing space on the twentieth floor, for a lease payment of $0.4 million per year. In April 2024, we entered into a fifth amendment to the lease extending the lease term for two additional years, through December 31, 2026, with no renewal options (as amended by the first through fifth lease amendments, the Two North Office Lease), for a lease payment of $0.4 million per year. The Two North Office Lease allows EQC to terminate the lease early for a termination fee equal to three-months’ base rent. During the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, we recognized expenses of $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively, and during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, we recognized expenses of $0.3 million and $0.3 million, respectively, pursuant to the Two North Office Lease. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we did not have any amounts due to Two North Riverside Plaza Joint Venture Limited Partnership pursuant to the Two North Office Lease.

Subsequent Events	9 Months Ended
Subsequent Events	Sep. 30, 2024
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
Subsequent Events	Subsequent Events Preferred Share Distribution On October 16, 2024, our Board of Trustees declared a dividend of $0.40625 per series D preferred share, which will be paid on November 15, 2024 to shareholders of record on October 31, 2024.

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net Income (Loss)	$ (26,189)	$ 26,146	$ 23,366	$ 64,615

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
Insider Trading Arrangements	Sep. 30, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	9 Months Ended
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	Sep. 30, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Basis of Presentation	Basis of Presentation The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements of EQC have been prepared without audit. Certain information and footnote disclosures required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, for complete financial statements have been condensed or omitted. We believe the disclosures made are appropriate. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, or our Annual Report, for the year ended December 31, 2023. Capitalized terms used, but not defined in this Quarterly Report, have the same meanings as in our Annual Report. In the opinion of our management, all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation, have been included. All intercompany transactions and balances with or among our subsidiaries have been eliminated. Operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates in the condensed consolidated financial statements include the assessment of the collectability of rental revenue, purchase price allocations, useful lives of fixed assets and impairment of real estate and intangible assets. Dollar amounts presented may be approximate. Share amounts are presented in whole numbers, except where noted.
New Accounting Pronouncements	New Accounting Pronouncements In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which improves the disclosures about a public entity's reportable segments and addresses requests from investors for additional, more detailed information about a reportable segment's expenses. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 2023-07 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which enhances the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. This update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted for annual financial statements that have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 2023-09 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Properties Held for Sale	Properties Held for Sale Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. A three-level valuation hierarchy exists for disclosures of fair value measurements based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. A financial instrument's categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. See Note 2 to the financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 for additional information. The three levels are defined below: •Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. •Level 2 - Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. •Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

Real Estate Properties (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Real Estate [Abstract]

Schedule of Real Estate Properties

As of September 30, 2024, we classified the following properties as held for sale:


Asset	Number of Properties	Number of Buildings	Square Footage
1250 H Street, NW	1	1	196,490
206 East 9th Street (Capitol Tower)	1	1	175,510
Bridgepoint Square	1	5	440,007
	3	7	812,007

Summary of Properties Held-for-sale

Summarized balance sheet information for the properties classified as held for sale is as follows (in thousands):


	September 30, 2024
Real estate properties	$	86,707

Other assets, net	96
Properties held for sale	$	86,803

Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	4,755
Rent collected in advance	1,445

Liabilities related to properties held for sale	$	6,200

Schedule of Rental Revenue

Rental revenue consists of the following (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Lease payments	$	8,470	$	9,115	$	25,908	$	26,878
Variable lease payments	4,312		4,813		13,583		14,634
Rental revenue	$	12,782	$	13,928	$	39,491	$	41,512

Shareholders' Equity (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

Schedule of Declared Distributions

In 2024, our Board of Trustees declared distributions on our series D preferred shares to date as follows:

Declaration Date

Record Date

Payment Date

Series D Dividend Per Share

January 16, 2024

January 31, 2024

February 15, 2024

0.40625

April 16, 2024

April 30, 2024

May 15, 2024

0.40625

July 16, 2024

July 31, 2024

August 15, 2024

0.40625

October 16, 2024

October 31, 2024

November 15, 2024

0.40625

Noncontrolling Interest (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]

Schedule of Issued and Outstanding Common Shares

The following table presents the changes in Equity Commonwealth’s issued and outstanding common shares and units for the nine months ended September 30, 2024:


	Common Shares	OP Units and LTIP Units	Total
Outstanding at January 1, 2024	106,847,438	226,018	107,073,456
Repurchase and surrender of shares	(161,837)	—	(161,837)
OP Unit redemption	77,793	(77,793)	—
Share-based compensation grants and vesting, net of forfeitures	564,297	6,218	570,515
Outstanding at September 30, 2024	107,327,691	154,443	107,482,134
Noncontrolling ownership interest in the Operating Trust			0.14	%

Schedule of Issued and Outstanding Units

The following table presents the changes in Equity Commonwealth’s issued and outstanding common shares and units for the nine months ended September 30, 2024:


	Common Shares	OP Units and LTIP Units	Total
Outstanding at January 1, 2024	106,847,438	226,018	107,073,456
Repurchase and surrender of shares	(161,837)	—	(161,837)
OP Unit redemption	77,793	(77,793)	—
Share-based compensation grants and vesting, net of forfeitures	564,297	6,218	570,515
Outstanding at September 30, 2024	107,327,691	154,443	107,482,134
Noncontrolling ownership interest in the Operating Trust			0.14	%

Income Taxes (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Provision for Income Taxes

Our provision for income taxes consists of the following (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Current:
State and local	$	(22)	$	(30)	$	(486)	$	(90)
Federal	—		—		—		(1,816)





Income tax expense	$	(22)	$	(30)	$	(486)	$	(1,906)

Federal income tax expense in the 2023 period relates to federal income taxes at our taxable REIT subsidiary.

Share-Based Compensation (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Summary of Assumptions and Fair Values for RSUs and Market-based LTIP Units Granted in the Period

The assumptions and fair value for the RSUs granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 are included in the following table on a per share basis.


	2024
Fair value of market-based awards granted	$	27.08
Expected term (years)	4
Expected volatility	15.46		%

Risk-free rate	4.06		%

Earnings Per Common Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share (amounts in thousands except per share amounts):


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Numerator for earnings per common share - basic:
Net (loss) income	$	(26,227)	$	26,232	$	23,417	$	64,819
Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interest	38		(86)		(51)		(204)
Preferred distributions	(1,997)		(1,997)		(5,991)		(5,991)


Numerator for net (loss) income per share - basic	$	(28,186)	$	24,149	$	17,375	$	58,624

Numerator for earnings per common share - diluted:
Net (loss) income	$	(26,227)	$	26,232	$	23,417	$	64,819
Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interest	38		(86)		(51)		(204)
Preferred distributions	(1,997)		(1,997)		(5,991)		(5,991)

Numerator for net (loss) income per share - diluted	$	(28,186)	$	24,149	$	17,375	$	58,624

Denominator for earnings per common share - basic and diluted:
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic(1)	107,456		108,931		107,363		109,494
RSUs(2)	—		1,176		921		1,299
LTIP Units(3)	—		110		107		123


Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - diluted	107,456		110,217		108,391		110,916

Net (loss) income per common share attributable to Equity Commonwealth common shareholders:
Basic	$	(0.26)	$	0.22	$	0.16	$	0.54
Diluted	$	(0.26)	$	0.22	$	0.16	$	0.53

Anti-dilutive securities(4):
Effect of Series D preferred shares; 6.50% cumulative convertible	4,032		4,032		4,032		4,032
Effect of RSUs(2)	640		—		—		—
Effect of LTIP Units(3)	101		—		—		—
Effect of OP Units and time-based LTIP Units(5)	154		361		180		348

(2) Represents the weighted-average number of common shares that would have been issued if the quarter-end was the measurement date for unvested, unearned RSUs.

(3) Represents the weighted-average dilutive shares issuable from market-based LTIP Units if the quarter-end was the measurement date for the periods shown.

(4) These securities are excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation for one or more of the periods presented because including them results in anti-dilution.

(5) Beneficial interests in the Operating Trust.

Business (Details) $ in Thousands, ft² in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($) ft² property building	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents \| $	$ 2,225,150	$ 2,160,535
Consolidated Properties
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Number of Properties \| property	4
Number of Buildings \| building	8
Square footage (in sqft) \| ft²	1.5
Operating Trust
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Noncontrolling interest, ownership percentage by parent	99.86%

Real Estate Properties - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Real Estate [Abstract]
Real estate improvements	$ 11.4	$ 5.5

Real Estate Properties - Summary of Properties Held-For-Sale (Details) - Held-for-sale	Sep. 30, 2024 ft² building
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Number of Properties	3
Number of Buildings	7
Square footage (in sqft) \| ft²	812,007
1250 H Street, NW
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Number of Properties	1
Number of Buildings	1
Square footage (in sqft) \| ft²	196,490
206 East 9th Street (Capitol Tower)
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Number of Properties	1
Number of Buildings	1
Square footage (in sqft) \| ft²	175,510
Bridgepoint Square
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Number of Properties	1
Number of Buildings	5
Square footage (in sqft) \| ft²	440,007

Real Estate Properties - Summary of Properties Held-for-sale (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Liabilities related to properties held for sale	$ 6,200	$ 0
Held-for-sale
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Real estate properties	86,707
Other assets, net	96
Properties held for sale	86,803
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	4,755
Rent collected in advance	1,445
Liabilities related to properties held for sale	$ 6,200

Real Estate Properties - Rental Revenue (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Real Estate [Abstract]
Lease payments	$ 8,470	$ 9,115	$ 25,908	$ 26,878
Variable lease payments	4,312	4,813	13,583	14,634
Rental revenue	$ 12,782	$ 13,928	$ 39,491	$ 41,512

Shareholders' Equity - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
Shareholders' Equity - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	Feb. 29, 2024	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 18, 2024
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Distributions to common shareholders/unitholders	$ 2,000,000.0	$ 2,036,000	$ 468,232,000
Common Shares
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares repurchased (in shares)		0
Stock repurchase program, remaining authorized repurchase amount		$ 150,000,000.0
Stock repurchase program, authorized amount				$ 150,000,000.0
Surrender of shares for tax withholding (in shares)		161,837	134,193

Shareholders' Equity - Schedule of Declared Distributions (Details) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Dividend paid (in dollars per share)		$ 0.40625	$ 0.40625	$ 0.40625
Dividend declared (in dollars per share)		$ 0.40625	$ 0.40625	$ 0.40625
Subsequent event
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Dividend paid (in dollars per share)	$ 0.40625
Dividend declared (in dollars per share)	$ 0.40625

Noncontrolling Interest - Narrative (Details)	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
Noncontrolling Interest - Narrative (Details)	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2024
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Common stock, conversion term (in months)		6 months
Common stock, conversion basis		1
Operating Trust
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Noncontrolling interest, weighted average ownership percentage by parent	99.86%	99.83%

Noncontrolling Interest - Common Shares and Units Activity (Details)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024 shares
Equity Commonwealth
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Noncontrolling ownership interest in the Operating Trust	0.14%
Common Stock, OP Units, and LTIP Units
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Balance as of beginning of period (in shares)	107,073,456
Repurchase and surrender of shares (in shares)	(161,837)
OP unit redemption (in shares)	0
Share-based compensation grants and vesting, net of forfeitures (in shares)	570,515
Balance as of end of period (in shares)	107,482,134
Common Shares
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Balance as of beginning of period (in shares)	106,847,438
Repurchase and surrender of shares (in shares)	(161,837)
OP unit redemption (in shares)	77,793
Share-based compensation grants and vesting, net of forfeitures (in shares)	564,297
Balance as of end of period (in shares)	107,327,691
OP Units and LTIP Units \| Noncontrolling Interest
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Balance as of beginning of period (in shares)	226,018
Repurchase and surrender of shares (in shares)	0
OP unit redemption (in shares)	(77,793)
Share-based compensation grants and vesting, net of forfeitures (in shares)	6,218
Balance as of end of period (in shares)	154,443

Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Current:
State and local	$ (22)	$ (30)	$ (486)	$ (90)
Federal	0	0	0	(1,816)
Income tax expense	$ (22)	$ (30)	$ (486)	$ (1,906)

Share-Based Compensation - Narrative (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions					3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 18, 2024 USD ($) trustee $ / shares shares	Jan. 29, 2024 $ / shares shares	Jun. 13, 2023 USD ($) trustee $ / shares shares	Jan. 26, 2023 $ / shares shares	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($) shares	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($) shares	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($) tranche $ / shares shares	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($) shares	Dec. 31, 2023 shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of trustees in board of trustees \| trustee	6		6
Share based compensation amount \| $	$ 0.1		$ 0.1
Common stock issued (in shares)					107,327,691		107,327,691		106,847,438
Compensation expense, accelerated vesting due to a staffing reduction \| $					$ 0.1	$ 0.0	$ 0.1	$ 5.2
Common shares available for issuance (in shares)					1,406,557		1,406,557
General and Administrative Expense
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Compensation expense \| $					$ 2.8	$ 2.5	$ 8.0	$ 13.5
RSUs
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period (in years)							3 years
Number of tranches \| tranche							2
Share-based compensation arrangement (in shares)							391,061	274,739
Common stock issued (in shares)					391,061	274,739	391,061	274,739
Granted shares value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares							$ 27.08
RSUs \| Vesting in three years
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting percent							50.00%
RSUs \| Vesting in four years
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period (in years)							1 year
Vesting percent							50.00%
RSUs at target
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of equity awards granted (in shares)		288,596		269,609
RSUs at maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of equity awards granted (in shares)		719,326		672,000
LTIP Units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Conversion basis					1		1
Restricted Shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of equity awards granted (in shares)	31,090	142,146	28,865	132,794
Granted shares value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares		$ 19.36
Restricted Shares and Time-Based LTIP Units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period (in years)	1 year
Granted shares value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares				$ 25.61
Exercise price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 19.30		$ 20.79
Estimated future compensation expense for unvested shares \| $					$ 5.3		$ 5.3
Weighted average period over which compensation expense will be recorded (in years)							2 years 4 months 24 days
Restricted Shares and Time-Based LTIP Units \| Independent Trustee
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of equity awards granted (in shares)	6,218		5,773
RSUs and Market-Based LTIP Units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Granted shares value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares				$ 36.51
Estimated future compensation expense for unvested shares \| $					$ 12.0		$ 12.0
Weighted average period over which compensation expense will be recorded (in years)							2 years 3 months 18 days
Time-based LTIP Units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of equity awards granted (in shares)	6,218		5,773

Share-Based Compensation - Summary of Assumptions and Fair Values for RSUs and Market-based LTIP Units Granted in the Period (Details) - RSUs	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024 $ / shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions and Methodology [Abstract]
Fair value of market-based awards granted	$ 27.08
Expected term (years)	4 years
Expected volatility	15.46%
Risk-free rate	4.06%

Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Fair value of assets and liabilities
Impairment		$ 50,226	$ 0	$ 50,226	$ 0
Real estate properties, net	$ 111,298	111,298		111,298		$ 231,352
Held-for-sale
Fair value of assets and liabilities
Real estate properties, net	136,900	136,900		136,900
Selling costs	86,700	$ 86,700		$ 86,700
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) \| Held-for-sale
Fair value of assets and liabilities
Impairment	50,200
Impairment of non-real estate assets	$ 16,300

Earnings Per Common Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Numerator for earnings per common share - basic:
Net income	$ (26,227)	$ 26,232	$ 23,417	$ 64,819
Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interest	38	(86)	(51)	(204)
Preferred distributions	(1,997)	(1,997)	(5,991)	(5,991)
Net (loss) income attributable to Equity Commonwealth common shareholders	(28,186)	24,149	17,375	58,624
Numerator for earnings per common share - diluted:
Net income	(26,227)	26,232	23,417	64,819
Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interest	38	(86)	(51)	(204)
Preferred distributions	(1,997)	(1,997)	(5,991)	(5,991)
Numerator for net (loss) income per share - diluted	$ (28,186)	$ 24,149	$ 17,375	$ 58,624
Denominator for earnings per common share - basic and diluted:
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding — basic (in shares)	107,456	108,931	107,363	109,494
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding — diluted (in shares)	107,456	110,217	108,391	110,916
Net (loss) income per common share attributable to Equity Commonwealth common shareholders:
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ (0.26)	$ 0.22	$ 0.16	$ 0.54
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (0.26)	$ 0.22	$ 0.16	$ 0.53
Anti-dilutive securities:
Preferred shares, dividend percentage			6.50%		6.50%
Weighted average number of shares, restricted stock units, unvested (in shares)	128	131	129	125
6.50% Series D Cumulative Convertible Preferred Shares of Beneficial Interest
Anti-dilutive securities:
Effect of anti-dilutive securities (in shares)	4,032	4,032	4,032	4,032
RSUs
Anti-dilutive securities:
Effect of anti-dilutive securities (in shares)	640	0	0	0
LTIP Units
Anti-dilutive securities:
Effect of anti-dilutive securities (in shares)	101	0	0	0
OP Units and LTIP Units
Anti-dilutive securities:
Effect of anti-dilutive securities (in shares)	154	361	180	348
RSUs
Denominator for earnings per common share - basic and diluted:
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding, dilutive adjustment (in shares)	0	1,176	921	1,299
LTIP Units
Denominator for earnings per common share - basic and diluted:
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding, dilutive adjustment (in shares)	0	110	107	123

Segment Information (Details)	9 Months Ended
Segment Information (Details)	Sep. 30, 2024 segment
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Number of reportable segments	1
Office Building \| Total rents \| Product Concentration Risk
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Concentration risk	100.00%

Related Person Transactions (Details) - Two North Riverside Plaza Joint Venture Limited Partnership - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Aug. 31, 2023
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Lease payment					$ 0.4	$ 0.4	$ 0.4
Operating lease, expense	$ 0.1	$ 0.1	$ 0.3	$ 0.3

Subsequent Events (Details) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended
Subsequent Events (Details) - $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Dividend declared (in dollars per share)		$ 0.40625	$ 0.40625	$ 0.40625
Dividend paid (in dollars per share)		$ 0.40625	$ 0.40625	$ 0.40625
Subsequent event
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Dividend declared (in dollars per share)	$ 0.40625
Dividend paid (in dollars per share)	$ 0.40625

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