BEIJING--China will pass on some of the higher costs of natural
gas to consumers, but again excluded residential users in its first
price increase in more than a year.
The move comes as the country aims to eliminate overcapacity in
industries that rely heavily on cheap natural gas and as Beijing
slowly loosens its grip on energy prices to accelerate the
development of unconventional resources such as shale and coal-bed
methane gas.
China's Natural Development and Reform Commission, its top
economic-planning agency, said Tuesday that it would raise the
government-set wholesale price of natural gas by as much as 0.4
yuan (6 U.S. cents) per cubic meter from Sept. 1.
China divides natural gas sold to nonresidential users into two
categories. The first, known as existing reserves, is based on the
volume of natural gas consumed in 2012. The second, known as
incremental reserves, is the volume of gas consumed above that
level.
Last year, the NDRC said existing reserves were 112 billion
cubic meters, and it estimated incremental reserves of 11 billion
cubic meters. China's total natural-gas consumption was 170 billion
cubic meters in 2013, after factoring in imports. Consumption is
expected to reach 420 billion cubic meters by 2020.
The price increase announced Tuesday, which will vary by region,
affects only existing reserves, the NDRC said in a statement on its
website. The increase is aimed at promoting the development of
natural-gas resources and accelerating the reform of industries
with backward capacity that rely on natural gas as a feedstock, it
said.
Tian Miao, an energy analyst at research firm NSBO, said in a
note that PetroChina Co., the country's largest gas supplier, will
be the largest beneficiary of the price increase because it
controls most of the pipelines and wholesale distribution in China.
The increases should eventually trickle down to benefit gas
distributors such as Kunlun Energy Co., ENN Energy Holdings Ltd.
and China Gas Holdings Ltd., she said.
"Those with higher exposures to direct distribution, commercial
and industrial customers--rather than residential users--will see
the greatest upside as industrial prices are usually raised faster
than residential prices," she said.
The NDRC said China's natural-gas consumption has been growing
at an average rate of 15% a year and that domestic production isn't
enough to meet demand. As a result, natural-gas imports--which are
more expensive--have risen each year, adding to pressure to
accelerate domestic pricing reform, it said. China imported 53
billion cubic meters of natural gas in 2013, or about 30% of its
total needs, according to the NDRC.
Concerned about the impact of inflation on its population, China
has used price controls to blunt the effects of rising natural-gas
prices. In March, however, the NDRC said it would introduce a
three-tiered pricing structure for residential natural-gas users by
the end of 2015. The tiers will be similar to recent pricing
reforms for residential water and electricity prices, which charge
more based on higher consumption.
--Liyan Qi contributed to this article.
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