FMCIU Forum Merger II Corporation

Nature of Operations

General

Tattooed Chef, Inc. was originally incorporated in Delaware on May 4, 2018 under the name of Forum Merger II Corporation (“Forum”), as a special purpose acquisition company (“SPAC”) for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisitions, stock purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more business.

On October 15, 2020 (the “Closing Date”), Forum consummated the transactions contemplated within the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated June 11, 2020 as amended on August 10, 2020, (the “Merger Agreement”), by and among Forum, Myjojo, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Myjojo (Delaware)”), Sprout Merger Sub, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Forum (“Merger Sub”), and Salvatore Galletti, in his capacity as the holder representative (the “Holder Representative”). The transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement are referred to herein as the “Transaction”.

Upon the consummation of the Transaction, Merger Sub merged with and into Myjojo (Delaware) (the “Merger”), with Myjojo (Delaware) surviving the merger in accordance with the Delaware General Corporation Law. Immediately upon the completion of the Transaction, Myjojo (Delaware) became a direct wholly owned subsidiary of Forum. In connection with the closing of the Transaction (the “Closing”), Forum changed its name to Tattooed Chef, Inc. (“Tattooed Chef”). Tattooed Chef’s common stock began trading on the Nasdaq under the symbol “TTCF” on October 16, 2020.

Tattooed Chef, Inc. and its subsidiaries, (collectively, the “Company”) are principally engaged in the manufacturing of plant-based foods including, but not limited to, acai and smoothie bowls, zucchini spirals, riced cauliflower, vegetable bowls and cauliflower crust pizza primarily in the United States and Italy.

About Myjojo and Subsidiaries

Myjojo, Inc. was an S corporation formed under the laws of California (“Myjojo (California)”) on February 26, 2019 to facilitate a corporate reorganization of Ittella International Inc. On March 27, 2019, the sole stockholder of Ittella International, Inc. contributed all of his share ownership of Ittella International, Inc. to Myjojo (California) in exchange for 100% interest in the latter, becoming Myjojo (California)’s sole stockholder.

Ittella International, Inc. was formed in California as a tax pass-through entity and subsequently converted on April 10, 2019 to a limited liability company, Ittella International, LLC (“Ittella International”). On April 15, 2019, UMB Capital Corporation (“UMB”), a financial institution, acquired a 12.50% non-controlling interest in Ittella International (Notes 3).

Ittella’s Chef, Inc. was incorporated under the laws of the State of California on July 20, 2017 as a qualified Subchapter S subsidiary and a wholly owned subsidiary of Ittella International. Ittella’s Chef, Inc. was formed as a tax passthrough entity for purposes of holding Ittella International’s 70% ownership interest in Ittella Italy, S.R.L. (“Ittella Italy”). On March 15, 2019, Ittella’s Chef, Inc. was converted to a limited liability company, Ittella’s Chef, LLC (“Ittella’s Chef”).

On May 21, 2020, Myjojo (Delaware) was formed with Salvatore Galletti owning all of the shares of common stock. On May 27, 2020, Myjojo, Inc (California) merged into Myjojo, Inc., (Delaware) with Myjojo, Inc. (Delaware) issuing shares of common stock to the sole stockholder of Myjojo (California).

In connection with the Transaction and as a condition to the Closing, Myjojo (Delaware) entered into a Contribution Agreement with the minority members of Ittella International and the minority shareholders of Ittella Italy. Under the Contribution Agreement, the minority holders contributed all of their equity interests in Ittella International to Myjojo (Delaware) and Ittella Italy to Ittella’s Chef in exchange for Myjojo (Delaware) stock (the “Restructuring”). The Restructuring was consummated prior to the Transaction. The shares of Myjojo (Delaware) were exchanged for shares of Forum’s common stock upon consummation of the Transaction.

Basis of Consolidation. The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Tattooed Chef and its subsidiaries in which Tattooed Chef has a controlling interest directly or indirectly, and variable interest entities for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Basis of Presentation. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X of the SEC. Certain information or footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed consolidated or omitted, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC for interim financial reporting. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes necessary for a complete presentation of financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of a normal recurring nature, which are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, operating results and cash flows for the periods presented.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 as filed with the SEC on March 19, 2021, which contains the audited financial statements and notes thereto. The financial information as of December 31, 2020 is derived from the audited financial statements presented in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. The interim results for the three months ended March 31, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2021 or for any future interim periods.

The Transaction was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization in accordance with GAAP (the “Reverse Recapitalization”). Under this method, Forum was treated as the “acquired” company (“Accounting Acquiree”) and Myjojo (Delaware), the accounting acquirer, was assumed to have issued stock for the net assets of Forum, accompanied by a recapitalization.

The net assets of Forum are stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. The consolidated assets, liabilities and results of operations prior to the reverse recapitalization are those of Myjojo (Delaware). The shares and corresponding capital amounts and earnings per share available for common stockholders, prior to the reverse recapitalization, have been retroactively restated.

Revision of Previously Issued Financial Statements for Correction of Immaterial Errors.

The Company revised the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income for the period ended March 31, 2020 to reflect the correction of an immaterial error for amounts previously not reflected in the comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest. This revision has no impact on the Company’s net income, retained earnings, or earnings per share.

The Company revised the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020, and the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2020 (not included herein) to reflect the correction of an immaterial error related to the classification of Private Placement Warrants. These warrants are now classified as liabilities with the related changes in the fair value of these warrants recorded in the statement of operations and comprehensive income. This revision has an immaterial impact on the Company’s previously reported net income, earnings per share, total liabilities or stockholder’s equity. 

In further consideration of the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 815-40, Derivatives and Hedging — Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity, the Company concluded that a provision in the warrant agreement related to certain settlement methods specific to the Private Placement Warrants precludes the Private Placement Warrants from being accounted for as components of equity. As the Warrants meet the definition of a derivative as contemplated in ASC 815, the Private Placement Warrants should be recorded as derivative liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheet and measured at fair value upon recognition on October 15, 2020 the Closing date and at each reporting date in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, with changes in fair value recognized in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income in the period of change. Therefore, the Company concluded that it is appropriate to revise the classification of the Private Placement Warrants in the Company’s previously issued consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020, as previously reported in its Form 10-K.  

The revised classification and reported values of the Private Placement Warrants as accounted for under ASC 815-40 are included in the condensed consolidated financial statements herein. 

The following table summarizes the effect of the revision on each financial statement line item as of the dates, and for the periods ended, indicated:

The Company revised the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet and statement of stockholders’ equity as of December 31, 2020 to reflect the correction of an immaterial error related to the presentation of 81,087 treasury shares. The treasury shares are now presented separately from common stock shares. This revision has an immaterial impact on the Company’s previously reported net income, earnings per share, or stockholder’s equity.

Reclassifications. Certain prior period reclassifications were made to conform with the current period presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on reported income and comprehensive income, cash flows, total assets, total liabilities or stockholders’ equity as previously reported.

Cash. The Company’s cash may be in excess of amounts insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. The Company has not experienced any losses in these accounts.

Foreign Currency. The Company’s functional currency is the United States dollar for its U.S. entities. Ittella Italy’s functional currency is the Euro. Transactions in currency other than the functional currency are recognized at the rates of exchange prevailing at the dates of the transaction. Transaction gains and losses that arise from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency of each entity are included in the results of operations in income from operations as incurred.

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are expressed in United States dollars. Assets and liabilities of foreign operations are translated at period-end rates of exchange. Revenues, costs and expenses are translated at average rates of exchange prevailing during the period. Equity adjustments resulting from translating foreign currency financial statements are accumulated as a separate component of stockholders’ equity.

The Company conducts business globally and is therefore exposed to adverse movements in foreign currency exchange rates, specifically the Euro to US dollar. To limit the exposure related to foreign currency changes, the Company entered into foreign currency exchange forward contracts starting in 2020. The Company does not enter into contracts for speculative purposes.

In February 2020, the Company entered into a trading facility for derivative forward contracts. Under this facility, the Company has access to open foreign exchange forward contract instruments to purchase a specific amount of funds in Euros and to settle, on an agreed-upon future date, in a corresponding amount of funds in United States dollars. During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company entered into foreign currency exchange forward contracts to purchase 22.00 million Euros and 13.35 million Euros, respectively. The notional amounts of these derivatives are $26.90 million and $14.68 million for the three-month period ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

These derivatives are not designated as hedging instruments. Gains and losses on the contracts are included in other income net, and substantially offset foreign exchange gains and losses from the short-term effects of foreign currency fluctuations on assets and liabilities, such as purchases, receivables and payables, of which are denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the reporting entity. These derivative instruments generally have maturities of up to nine months.

Accounts Receivable. Trade receivables are customer obligations due under normal trade terms requiring payment generally within 7 to 45 days from the invoice date. The Company’s allowance for doubtful receivables is based on an analysis that estimates the amount of its total customer receivable balance that is not collectible. This analysis includes assessing a default probability to customers’ receivable balances, which is influenced by several factors, including (i) current market conditions, (ii) periodic review of customer credit worthiness, and (iii) review of customer receivable aging and payment trends.

Inventory. Inventory consists of raw materials and packaging materials, work in process and finished goods. Inventories are carried at the lower of cost or net realizable value on a weighted average basis. Inventory is initially measured at cost and consists of the sum of the applicable expenditures and charges directly and indirectly incurred to bring products to their existing condition and location. These costs include purchase costs and any other charges necessary to prepare the items for production. For work in process and finished goods, these costs normally include those incurred directly or indirectly in the production of inventory (i.e., direct labor and production overheads or conversion costs), and other expenses (i.e., inbound freight, transportation and handling charges, taxes and duties).

Overhead costs are allocated to the units produced within the reporting period, while abnormal costs are charged to current operations as incurred. The Company monitors the remaining utility of its inventory and writes down inventory for excess or obsolescence as appropriate.

Property, Plant and Equipment. Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization of property, plant and equipment is calculated using the straight-line method over a period considered adequate to amortize the total cost over the useful lives of the assets, which range from 5 to 7 years for machinery and equipment, 5 to 7 years for furniture and fixtures, 20 to 25 years for buildings, and 3 to 5 years for computer equipment. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful life of the improvements. Repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Renewals and enhancements are capitalized and depreciated over the remaining life of the specific property unit. When the Company retires or disposes of property, plant or equipment, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the Company’s accounts and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

Long-Lived Assets. Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment at the asset group level whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such asset group may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets within an asset group to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset group to the future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset group. If such asset groups are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is based upon their fair value. No impairment was recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments. Certain assets and liabilities are required to be recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value is determined based on the exchange price that would be received for an asset or transferred for a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. The carrying amounts of cash, accounts receivables, accounts payable and certain notes payable approximate fair value because of the short maturity and/or variable rates associated with these instruments. Long-term debt as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 approximates its fair value as the interest rates are indexed to market rates. The Company categorizes the inputs to the fair value measurements into three levels based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. These levels are:

Warrants. The Public Warrants are considered freestanding equity-classified instruments due to their detachable and separately exercisable features and meet the indexation criteria in ASC 815-40-15-7C. Accordingly, the Public Warrants are presented as a component of Stockholders’ Equity in accordance with ASC 815-40-25. The Agreements with respect to the Company’s Private Placement Warrants include provisions related to determining settlement amounts that preclude the Warrants from being accounted for as components of equity. As these Warrants meet the definition of a derivative as contemplated in ASC 815-40, the Private Placement Warrants are recorded as derivative liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets and measured at fair value at inception (on the Closing date) and at each reporting date in accordance with ASC 820, with changes in fair value recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive income (loss) in the period of change.

Revenue Recognition. The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASC Topic 606. The Company’s principal business is the manufacturing of plant-based foods including, but not limited to, acai and smoothie bowls, zucchini spirals, riced cauliflower, vegetable bowls and cauliflower crust pizza primarily in the United States and Italy. Revenue recognition is determined by (a) identifying the contract, or contracts, with a customer; (b) identifying the performance obligation in each contract; (c) determining the transaction price; and (d) allocating the transaction price to the performance obligation in each contract; and (e) recognizing revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies performance obligations by transferring the promised goods or services. Each unit of product delivered is determined as a separate performance obligation and in the event there are more than one unit of a product ordered, there will be multiple performance obligations satisfied under the same contract. When control of the promised products and services are transferred to the Company’s customers, the Company recognizes revenue in the amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for these products and services.

Control generally transfers to the customer when the product is shipped or delivered to the customer based upon applicable shipping terms. Customer contracts generally do include more than one performance obligation and the performance obligations in the Company’s contracts are satisfied within one year. No payment terms beyond one year are granted at contract inception.

The Company disaggregates revenue based on the type of products sold to its customers – private label, Tattooed Chef and other. The other revenue stream constitutes sale of similar food products directly to customers through a third-party vendor and the Company acts as a principal in these transactions.

Most contracts also include some form of variable consideration, the most common form are discounts and demonstration costs. Variable consideration is treated as a reduction in revenue when product revenue is recognized. Depending on the specific type of variable consideration, the Company uses either the expected value or most likely amount method to determine the variable consideration. The Company reviews and updates its estimates and related accruals of variable consideration each period based on the terms of the agreements, historical experience, and any recent changes in the market.

The Company does not have significant unbilled receivable balances arising from transactions with customers. The Company does not capitalize contract inception costs as contracts are one year or less and the Company does not incur significant fulfillment costs requiring capitalization. The Company’s deferred revenue balance is primarily compromised of customer arrangements with shipping terms as FOB destination that have been shipped but not yet received by the customer as of the reporting period. Deferred revenue was $0.97 million and $1.71 million as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

The Company recognizes shipping and handling costs related to products transferred to the end customer as fulfillment cost and includes these costs in cost of goods sold upon delivery of the product to the customer.

Sales and Marketing Expenses. The Company expenses costs associated with sales and marketing as incurred. Sales and marketing expenses were $5.10 million and $0.62 million for the periods ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and are included in operating expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

Interest Expense. Interest expense includes interest primarily related to the amortization of deferred financing costs, the Company’s notes payable and line of credit.

Deferred Financing Costs. Deferred financing costs include fees associated with the Company’s line of credit agreement. Such fees are amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the related line of credit agreement as a component of interest expense, which approximates the effective interest rate method, in accordance with the terms of the agreement. Deferred financing costs, net were $0.09 million and $0.09 million at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, and are recorded as a component of other assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. Amortization expense of deferred financing costs were $0.90 million and $0.02 million during the periods ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Stock-based Compensation. The Company measures compensation expense for stock options and other stock awards in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation — Stock Compensation. Stock-based compensation is measured at fair value on grant date and recognized as compensation expense over the requisite service period. The Company accounts for forfeitures when they occur. Generally, the Company issues stock options and other stock awards to employees with service-based and/or performance-based vesting conditions. For awards with only service-based vesting conditions, the Company records compensation cost for these awards using the straight-line method. For awards with performance-based vesting conditions, the Company recognizes compensation cost on a tranche-by-tranche basis (the accelerated attribution method) over the expected service period.

Under the provisions of ASC 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation, the Company measures stock-based awards granted to non-employees based on the fair value of the award on the date on which the related service is completed. Compensation expense is recognized over the period during which services are rendered by non-employees until service is completed.   

Income Taxes

As part of the process of preparing its condensed consolidated financial statements, the Company is required to estimate its provision for income taxes in each of the tax jurisdictions in which it conducts business, in accordance with the Income Tax Topic 740 of the ASC (“ASC 740”). The Company computes its annual tax rate based on the statutory tax rates and tax planning opportunities available to it in the various jurisdictions in which it earns income. Income taxes are accounted for using an asset and liability approach that requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the net deferred tax assets will not be realized. The factors used to assess the likelihood of realization include the Company’s forecast of the reversal of temporary differences, future taxable income, and available tax planning strategies that could be implemented to realize the net deferred tax assets. Failure to achieve forecasted taxable income in applicable tax jurisdictions could affect the ultimate realization of deferred tax assets and could result in an increase in the Company’s effective tax rate on future earnings. Based on our assessment, it appears more likely than not that the net deferred tax assets will be realized through future taxable income.

ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must first be determined to be more likely to be sustained based solely on its technical merits, and if so, then measured to be the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. There were no unrecognized tax benefits as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. No amounts were accrued for the payment of interest and penalties as of March 31, 2021. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payment, accruals, or material deviation from its position. The Company is subject to income tax examinations by major taxing authorities since inception. See Note 13 for more information on the Company’s accounting for income taxes.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss. Accumulated other comprehensive loss is defined as the change in equity resulting from transactions from non-owner sources. Other comprehensive income consisted of gains and losses associated with changes in foreign currency as a result of the translation of the financial results of the Company’s Italian subsidiary.

Use of Estimates. The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Concentrations of Credit Risk. The Company grants credit, generally without collateral, to customers primarily in the United States. Consequently, the Company is subject to potential credit risk related to changes in business and economic factors in this geographical area. No external suppliers accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s cost of goods sold during the period ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

Three customers accounted for 89% and 87% of the Company’s revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Customers accounting for more than 10% of the Company’s accounts receivable as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were:

Segment Information. The Company manages its operations on a company-wide basis as one operating segment, thereby making determinations as to the allocation of resources to the business as a whole rather than on a segment-level basis. Operating segments are identified as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete financial information is available for evaluation by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) in making decisions regarding resource allocation and assessing performance. The Company has determined that its Chief Executive Officer is the CODM. To date, the Company’s CODM has made such decisions and assessed performance at the Company-level.

A majority of the Company’s products are sold from the United States to customers.

Long-lived assets consist of property, plant and equipment - net and other non-current assets. The geographic location of long-lived assets is as follows:

COVID-19 Pandemic – The novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”), which was categorized by the World Health Organization as a pandemic in March 2020, continues to significantly impact the United States and the rest of the world and has altered the Company’s business environment and the overall working conditions.

Despite partial remote working conditions, the Company’s business activities have continued to operate with minimal interruptions.

Management acknowledges the pandemic may adversely affect the Company’s suppliers and could impair its ability to obtain raw material inventory in the quantities or of a quality the Company desires. The Company currently sources most of its raw materials from Italy. Though the Company is not dependent on any single Italian grower for its supply of a certain crop, events (including the pandemic) generally affecting these growers could adversely affect the Company’s business. If the Company is unable to manage its supply chain effectively and ensure that its products are available to meet consumer demand, operating costs could increase, and sales and profit margins could decrease.

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) was enacted. The CARES Act, among other things, includes provisions relating to refundable payroll tax credits, deferment of employer side social security payments, net operating loss carryback periods, alternative minimum tax credit refunds, modifications to the net interest deduction limitations, increased limitations on qualified charitable contributions and technical corrections to tax depreciation methods for qualified improvement property. It also appropriated funds for the SBA Paycheck Protection Programs that are forgivable in certain situations to promote continued employment, as well as Economic Injury Disaster Loans to provide liquidity to small businesses harmed by COVID-19. The Company has elected not to apply for a Paycheck Protection Program loan. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company has analyzed the provisions of the CARES Act and determined it did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

The extent to which this pandemic will adversely impact the Company’s future business, financial condition and results of operations is dependent upon various factors, many of which are highly uncertain and outside the control of the Company.

Earnings per share. Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. The weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period includes common stock but is exclusive of certain unvested stock awards that have no economic or participating rights. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the net income by the weighted average number of common shares and common share equivalents outstanding for the period. Common stock equivalents are only included when their effect is dilutive. The Company’s potentially dilutive securities which include outstanding stock options and restricted stock awards under the Company’s equity incentive plan and warrants have been considered in the computation of diluted earnings per share.

In December 2019, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“ASU 2019-12”), as part of its overall simplification initiative to reduce costs and complexity of applying accounting standards while maintaining or improving the usefulness of the information provided to users of financial statements. Amendments include removal of certain exceptions to the general principles of Topic 740, Income Taxes, and simplification in several other areas. ASU 2019-12 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020, and interim periods therein. The Company adopted the new standard on January 1, 2021, the first day of the reporting year. One of the amendments eliminates a limitation on the amount of income tax benefit that can be recognized in an interim period when a year-to-date loss exceeds the anticipated loss for the year. The adoption of this standard did not have material impact Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements for the period ended March 31, 2021.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13 (“ASU 2016-13”) regarding ASC Topic 326, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses, which modifies the measurement of expected credit losses of certain financial instruments. The Company will be required to use a forward-looking expected credit loss model for accounts receivables, loans, and other financial instruments. The amendments will become effective for the Company for periods beginning after December 15, 2022. Adoption of the standard will be applied using a modified retrospective approach. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2016-13 will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting (“ASU 2020-04”), which provides guidance for contract modifications and certain hedging relationships associated with the transition from reference rates that are expected to be discontinued. Interest on borrowings under the Company’s revolving credit facility is calculated based upon LIBOR. ASU 2020-04. was issued on March 12, 2020 and may be applied prospectively through December 31, 2022. This guidance has had no material effect on the Company for the period ended March 31, 2021. The Company will continue to evaluate the impact this guidance may have on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity (“ASU 2020-06”), which simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments. ASU 2020-06 removes certain accounting models that separate the embedded conversion features from the host contract for convertible instruments, requiring bifurcation only if the convertible debt feature qualifies as a derivative under ASC 815 or for convertible debt issued at a substantial premium. ASU 2020-06 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, including interim periods within those fiscal years and early adoption is permitted in annual reporting periods ending after December 15, 2020. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this guidance may have on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.  

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02” or “Topic 842”). The purpose of ASU 2016-02 is to provide financial statement users a better understanding of the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The adoption of ASU 2016-02 will result in the recognition of a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all leases. New disclosure requirements include qualitative and quantitative information about the amounts recorded in the financial statements. In September 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-13, Revenue Recognition (Topic 605), Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), Leases (Topic 840), and Leases (Topic 842), which provides additional implementation guidance on the previously issued ASU 2016-02 Leases (Topic 842). ASU 2016-02 requires a lessee to recognize assets and liabilities on the balance sheet for all leases with lease terms greater than 12 months. ASU 2016-02 requires a modified retrospective transition by means of a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the fiscal year in which the guidance is effective with the option to elect certain practical expedients and accounting policy elections. ASU 2016-02 will be effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. ASU 2020-05 extended the adoption to fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, with interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this update on its combined consolidated financial statements. 

On April 15, 2019, UMB contributed $6.00 million to acquire 6,000 units for a 12.5% ownership interest in Ittella International. The Company incurred issuance costs of $0.13 million resulting in net consideration received of $5.87 million.

Per the terms of Ittella International’s operating agreement, UMB was provided with a put right which may cause Ittella International to purchase all, but not less than all of UMB units upon notice (“Put Notice”). UMB could have provided the Put Notice to Ittella International at any time for any reason after April 15, 2024. If Ittella International did not accept the price proposed in the Put Notice, the consideration to be paid by Ittella International to UMB for the units that were the subject of the Put Notice will be the fair market value of the units as established by a third party appraisal, subject to a floor for the fair value at 85%. If the fair value was less than 85% of the consideration proposed by UMB in their Put Notice, UMB may have chosen to abandon the transfer. The put right constituted a redemption feature and therefore UMB’s noncontrolling interest (the “Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest”) was classified as temporary equity (mezzanine) in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.

The Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest was initially measured at fair value, which has been determined by the Company to equal the consideration received from UMB, net of transaction costs.

The Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest was not redeemable until April 2024; however, it was probable of becoming redeemable with the passage of time. Therefore, the subsequent measurement of the Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest at each reporting date was determined as the higher of (1) the initial carrying amount, increased or decreased for the redeemable noncontrolling interest’s share of net income and other comprehensive income, or (2) the redemption value, which was determined to be fair value per the terms of Ittella International’s operating agreement above. In determining the measurement method of redemption value, the Company elected to accrete changes in the redemption value over the period from the date of issuance to the earliest redemption date (i.e. April 2024) of the instrument using the effective interest method. Changes in the redemption value are considered to be changes in accounting estimates. Redemption value was determined using a combination of the market approach and income approach. Under the market approach, the Company estimated fair value based on market multiples of EBITDA of comparable companies. Under the income approach, the Company measured fair value based on a projected cash flow method using a discount rate determined by its Management which is commensurate with the risk inherent in its current business model.

There were no Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Changes in the carrying value of the Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest were as follows for the three months ended March 31, 2020:

All redeemable noncontrolling interest classified as mezzanine equity were reclassified to permanent equity in connection with the contribution of UMB’s 12.5% equity interests in Ittella International to Myjojo (Delaware) in exchange for Myjojo’s (Delaware)’s common stock and were subsequently exchanged for Forum Class A common stock upon consummation of the Transaction.

Nature of Revenues

Substantially all of the Company’s revenue from contracts with customers consist of the sale of plant-based foods including, but not limited to, acai and smoothie bowls, zucchini spirals, riced cauliflower, vegetable bowls and cauliflower crust pizza in the United States and is recognized at a point in time in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods. Each unit of food product sold to the customer is the performance obligation. Revenue from the sale of frozen food products is recognized upon the transfer of control to the customer, which is upon shipment to the customer.

The Company disaggregates revenue based on the type of products sold to its customers – private label, Tattooed Chef and other. The other revenue stream constitutes sale of similar food products directly to customers through third-party vendors and the Company acts as a principal in these transactions. All sales are recorded within revenue on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). The Company does not have any contract assets or contract liabilities as of March 31, 2021 and 2020.

Revenue streams for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:

Significant Judgments

Generally, the Company’s contracts with customers comprise a written quote and customer purchase order or statement of work and are governed by the Company’s trade terms and conditions. In certain instances, it may be further supplemented by separate pricing agreements. All products are sold on a standalone basis; therefore, when more than one product is included in a purchase order, the Company has observable evidence of stand-alone selling price. Contracts do not contain a significant financing component as payment terms on invoiced amounts are typically between 7 to 45 days, based on the Company’s credit assessment of individual customers, as well as industry expectations. Product returns are not significant. The contracts with customers do not include any additional performance obligations related to warranties and material rights.

From time to time, the Company may offer incentives to its customers considered to be variable consideration including discounts and demonstration costs. Customer incentives considered to be variable consideration are recorded as a reduction to revenue as part of the transaction price based on the agreement at the time of the transaction. Customer incentives are allocated entirely to the single performance obligation of transferring product to the customer.

Accounts receivable are reduced by an allowance for an estimate of amounts that are uncollectible. All of the Company’s receivables are due from customers in the United States. The Company extends credit to its customers based upon its evaluation of the following factors: (i) the customer’s financial condition, (ii) the amount of credit the customer requests, and (iii) the customer’s actual payment history (which includes disputed invoice resolution). The Company does not require its customers to post a deposit or supply collateral. The Company’s allowance for doubtful receivables is based on an analysis that estimates the amount of its total customer receivable balance that is not collectible. This analysis includes assessing a default probability to customers’ receivable balances, which is influenced by several factors, including (i) current market conditions, (ii) periodic review of customer credit worthiness, and (iii) review of customer receivable aging and payment trends.

The Company evaluates the creditworthiness of its customers regularly and based on its analysis, the Company has determined an allowance for doubtful receivables is not necessary as of the three months ended March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. The Company writes off accounts receivable whenever they become uncollectible, and any payments subsequently received on such receivables are recorded as bad debt recoveries in the period the payment is received. Credit losses from continuing operations have consistently been within management’s expectations.

The Company recorded depreciation expense for the periods ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 of $0.55 million and $0.19 million, respectively.

The Company enters into foreign currency exchange forward contracts to reduce the short-term effects of foreign currency fluctuations on assets and liabilities such as foreign currency inventory purchases, receivables and payables. The Company’s primary objective in holding derivatives is to reduce the volatility of earnings and cash flows associated with changes in foreign currency exchange rates. The Company’s derivatives expose the Company to credit risk to the extent that the counterparties may be unable to meet the terms of the arrangement. The Company does, however, seek to mitigate such risks by limiting its counterparties to major financial institutions. Management does not expect material losses as a result of defaults by counterparties.

The fair values of the Company’s derivative instruments classified as Level 2 financial instruments and the line items within the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets to which they were recorded are summarized as follows (in thousands):

The effect on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) of derivative instruments not designated as hedges   is summarized as follows (in thousands):

Unrealized and realized losses on forward currency derivatives for the three months ended March 31, 2021 were $2.18 million and $0.73 million, respectively. The Company has notional amounts of $55.00 million and $45.60 million on outstanding derivatives as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

Contingent Consideration Liabilities – Holdback Shares

The Company recognized and measured a contingent consideration liability associated with Holdback Shares at a fair value of $120.35 million, determined using a probability-weighted discounted cash flow model. Significant inputs used in the model includes certain financial metric growth rates, volatility rates, projections associated with the applicable contingency, the interest rate, and the related probabilities and payment structure in the Merger Agreement, which are not observable in the market and are therefore considered to be Level 3 inputs.

On November 16, 2020, the contingencies were met and accordingly the Holdback Shares were released. The remeasured fair value of the liability was $83.15 million based on the public share price on release date and was charged against additional paid-in capital. The change in fair value during the period resulted in a gain on settlement of the contingent consideration derivative of $37.20 million and was recorded within “other income” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2020.  

There were no changes in the estimated fair value of the Company’s liabilities measured on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Sponsor Earnout Shares Subject to Transfer Restrictions

The Company recognized and measured an asset associated with the Sponsor Earnout Shares at its fair value of $0 at the Closing date, determined using a probability-weighted discounted cash flow model. Significant inputs used in the models includes certain financial metric growth rates, volatility rates, projections associated with the applicable contingency, the interest rate, and the related probabilities and payment structure in the contingent consideration arrangement, which are not observable in the market and are therefore considered to be Level 3 inputs.

The Sponsor Earnout Shares were released on November 16, 2020 based on the remeasured fair value on the release date of $0, as none of the Sponsor Earnout Shares were forfeited on that date. No gain or loss was recorded by the Company in connection with the Sponsor Earnout Shares.

Warrant Liabilities

The Private Placement Warrants are accounted for as liabilities in accordance with ASC 815-40 and are presented within warrant liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The warrant liabilities are measured at fair value at inception (“initial measurement”), which is at the Closing date, and on a recurring basis (“subsequent remeasurement”), with changes in fair value presented within change in fair value of warrant liabilities in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

Initial Measurement

The fair value of the Private Placement Warrants were initially measured at fair value on October 15, 2020, the Closing date.

Subsequent Measurement

At each reporting period or upon exercise of the Warrants, the Company remeasures the Private Placement Warrants at their fair values with the change in fair value reported to current operations within the statements of operations and other comprehensive income (loss). During the three months ended March 31, 2021, 223,041 Private Placement Warrants were settled, resulting in an aggregate loss on settlements of $0.15 million.

For the three months ended March 31, 2021, change in the fair value of the warrant liabilities charged to current operations amounted to $0.47 million.

Fair Value Measurement

The fair value of the Private Placement Warrants was determined to be $10.16 per Warrant as of March 31, 2021 using Monte Carlo simulations and using Level 3 inputs. Inherent in a Monte Carlo simulation are assumptions related to expected stock-price volatility, expected life, risk-free interest rate and dividend yield. The Company estimates the volatility of its common stock warrants based on implied volatility from its traded warrants and historical volatility of select peers’ common stock with similar expected term of the Warrants. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury zero-coupon yield on the grant date with a maturity similar to the expected remaining term of the warrants. The expected term of the Warrants is assumed to be equivalent to their remaining contractual term. The dividend rate is based on the historical rate, which the Company estimated to remain at zero.

The following table provides quantitative information regarding the inputs to the fair value measurement of the Private Placement Warrants as of each measurement date:

On October 15, 2020, the fair value of the Private Placement Warrants was determined to be $13.85 per warrant, or an aggregate value of $9.07 million for 655,000 outstanding warrants. On December 31, 2020, the fair value of the Private Placement Warrants was determined to be $12.72 per warrant, or an aggregate value of $5.18 million for 407,577 outstanding warrants.

As of March 31, 2021, the aggregate fair value of the Private Placement Warrants was determined to be $1.87 million, based on the estimated fair value per Private Placement Warrant on that date of $10.16 for 184,536 outstanding warrants.

The following table presents the changes in the fair value of warrant liabilities:

The Company leases office and manufacturing facilities, equipment and vehicles under various operating arrangements. Certain of the leases are subject to escalation clauses and renewal periods. The Company recognizes lease expense, including predetermined fixed escalations, on a straight-line basis over the initial term of the lease from the time that the Company controls the leased property.

The future minimum lease commitments as of March 31, 2021 under operating leases having an initial or remaining non-cancelable term of one year or more are as follows (in thousands):

The Company’s rent expense for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 totaled $0.65 million and $0.50 million, respectively.

The following table presents the provision for income taxes and the effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020 in thousand:

The income tax (benefit) expense for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was primarily attributable to federal, state and foreign income tax expenses attributable to federal and state tax benefits on the Company’s U.S. loss as a C-corporation, offset by foreign income tax expenses on the Company’s foreign income in Italy.

The income tax (benefit) expense for the three months ended March 31, 2020 was primarily attributable to state and foreign income taxes.

The Company also believes that quarterly effective tax rates will vary from the fiscal 2021 effective tax rate as a result of recognizing the income tax effects of items that the Company cannot anticipate such as the changes in tax laws, tax amounts associated with foreign earnings at rates different from the United States federal statutory rate, the tax impact of stock-based compensation. The Company’s foreign earnings on Italian operations are subject to foreign taxes applicable to its income derived in Italy. These taxes include income tax.

As of December 31, 2020, and 2019, the Company had no open tax examinations by any taxing jurisdiction in which it operates. The taxing authorities of the most significant jurisdictions are the United States Internal Revenue Service and the California Franchise Tax Board and the Agenzia delle Entrate. The statute of limitations for which the Company’s tax returns are subject to examination are as follows: Federal 2017-2020, California 2016-2020, and Italy 2016-2020.