Form 10-Q - Quarterly report [Sections 13 or 15(d)]

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D. C. 20549

FORM 10-Q


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2024


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission file number 001-41511

LiveWire Group, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

87-4730333

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

3700 West Juneau Avenue

(650) 447-8424

Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53208

(Address of principal executive office)

(Issuer’s Telephone Number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per share	LVWR	New York Stock Exchange
Warrants to purchase common stock	LVWR WS	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☐

Accelerated filer

☐

Emerging growth company

☒

Non-accelerated filer

☒

Smaller reporting company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding at May 1, 2024: 203,162,565 shares

LiveWire Group, Inc.

Form 10-Q

For The Quarter Ended March 31, 2024


Part I	Financial Information	5
Item 1.	Financial Statements	5
	Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss	5
	Consolidated Balance Sheets	6
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	7
	Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity	8
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	9
	1. Description of Business and Basis of Presentation	9
	2. New Accounting Standards	9
	3. Revenue	10
	4. Income Taxes	12
	5. Earnings Per Share	12
	6. Additional Balance Sheet Information	13
	7. Warrant Liabilities	13
	8. Fair Value	14
	9. Product Warranty and Recall Campaigns	16
	10. Commitments and Contingencies	16
	11. Related Party Transactions	17
	12. Reportable Segments	18
	1 3. Subsequent Event	19
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	20
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	28
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	28
Part II	Other Information	29
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	29
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	29
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	29
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	29
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	29
Item 5.	Other Information	29
Item 6.	Exhibits	30
Signatures		31

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Quarterly Report”) contains forward-looking statements. The Company intends such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this Quarterly Report may be forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “could,” “intends,” “targets,” “projects,” “contemplates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “forecasts,” “predicts,” “potential” or “continue” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. Forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report include, but are not limited to statements regarding future results of operations and financial position, industry and business trends, equity compensation, business strategy, plans, market growth, plans and objectives relating to the Company’s climate commitment, and the Company’s objectives for future operations.

The forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report are only predictions. The Company has based these forward-looking statements largely on current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that the Company believes may affect the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to, the Company’s history of losses and expectation to incur significant expenses and continuing losses for the foreseeable future; the Company’ ability to execute its business model, including market acceptance of its planned electric vehicles; risks related to the Company’s limited operating history, the rollout of its business and the timing of expected business milestones, including the Company’s ability to develop and sell electric vehicles of sufficient quality and appeal to customers on schedule and on a large scale; the Company’s financial and business performance, including financial projections and business metrics and any underlying assumptions thereunder; changes in the Company’s strategy, future operations, financial position, estimated revenues and losses, projected costs, prospects and plans; the Company’s ability to attract and retain a large number of customers; the Company’s future capital requirements and sources and uses of cash; the Company’s ability to obtain funding for its operations and manage costs; risks related to challenges the Company faces as a pioneer into the highly-competitive and rapidly-evolving electric vehicle industry; risks related to Harley Davidson, Inc. (“H-D”) making decisions for its overall benefit that could negatively impact the Company’s overall business; risks related to the Company’s relationship with H-D and its impact on the Company’s other business relationships; the Company’s ability to leverage contract manufacturers, including H-D and Kwang Yang Motor Co., Ltd., KYMCO Capital Fund I Co., Ltd., SunBright Investment Co., Ltd., CycleLoop Co., Ltd. and Kwang Yang Holdings Limited (collectively, the “KYMCO Group”), to contract manufacture its electric vehicles; risks related to retail partners being unwilling to participate in the Company’s go-to-market business model or its inability to establish or maintain relationships with customers for the Company’ electric vehicles; risks related to potential delays in the design, manufacture, financing, regulatory approval, launch and delivery of the Company’s electric vehicles; risks related to building out the Company’s supply chain, including the Company’s dependency on its existing suppliers and the Company’s ability to source suppliers, in each case many of which are single-sourced or limited-source suppliers, for its critical components such as batteries and semiconductor chips; the Company’s ability to rely on third-party and public charging networks; the Company’s ability to attract and retain key personnel; the Company’s business, expansion plans and opportunities, including its ability to scale its operations and manage its future growth effectively; the effects on the Company’s future business of competition, the pace and depth of electric vehicle adoption generally and its ability to achieve planned competitive advantages with respect to its electric vehicles and products, including with respect to reliability, safety and efficiency; risks related to the Company’s business and H-D’s business overlapping and being perceived as competitors; the Company’s inability to maintain a strong relationship with H-D or to resolve favorably any disputes that may arise between the Company and H-D; the Company’s dependency on H-D for a number of services, including services relating to quality and safety testing, and if those service arrangements terminate, it may require significant investment for the Company to build its own safety and testing facilities, or the Company may be required to obtain such services from another third-party at increased costs; risks related to any decision by the Company to electrify H-D products, or the products of any other company; the Company’s expectations regarding its ability to obtain and maintain intellectual property protection and not infringe on the rights of others; potential harm caused by misappropriation of the Company’s data and compromises in cybersecurity; changes in laws, regulatory requirements, governmental incentives and fuel and energy prices; the impact of health epidemics on the Company’s business, the other risks it face and the actions it may take in response thereto; litigation, regulatory proceedings, complaints, product liability claims and/or adverse; the possibility that the Company may be adversely affected by other economic, business and/or competitive factor publicity; and; the other important factors discussed in Part II, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in this Quarterly Report, as well as in Item “1A. Risk Factors” of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. The forward-looking statements are made as of the date of the filing of this report May 6, 2024, and the Company disclaims any obligation to publicly update such forward-looking statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances. The forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report are based upon information available to the Company as of the date of this Quarterly Report, and while the Company believes such information forms a

reasonable basis for such statements, such information may be limited or incomplete, and the Company’s statements should not be read to indicate that the Company has conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all potentially available relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely upon these statements.

You should read this Quarterly Report and the documents that the Company references in this Quarterly Report and have filed as exhibits to this Quarterly Report with the understanding that actual future results, performance and achievements may be materially different from what the Company expects. The Company qualifies all of the forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements. The forward-looking statements in this report speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report. Except as required by applicable law, the Company does not plan to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report, whether as a result of any new information, future events or otherwise.

As used in this Quarterly Report, unless otherwise stated or the context requires otherwise, references to “LiveWire,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our,” refer to LiveWire Group, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

PART I

Item 1. Financial Statements

LIVEWIRE GROUP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)


	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Revenue, net	$	4,978	$	7,762
Costs and expenses:
Cost of goods sold (including related party amounts of $5,176 and $2,047 in 2024 and 2023, respectively, as described in Note 11)	9,105		6,498
Selling, administrative and engineering expense (including related party amounts of $2,948 and $3,397 in 2024 and 2023, respectively, as described in Note 11)	26,295		26,171
Total operating costs and expenses	35,400		32,669
Operating loss	(30,422)		(24,907)


Interest income	2,016		2,692
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities	4,758		1,068
Loss before income taxes	(23,648)		(21,147)
Income tax benefit	(4)		—
Net loss	(23,644)		(21,147)
Other comprehensive loss:
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(18)		—
Comprehensive loss	$	(23,662)	$	(21,147)

Net loss per share, basic and diluted (Note 5)	$	(0.12)	$	(0.10)

The accompanying notes are integral to the consolidated financial statements.

LIVEWIRE GROUP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except par value)


	(Unaudited)
	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	141,033	$	167,904
Accounts receivable, net	2,086		4,295
Accounts receivable from related party	1,051		3,402
Inventories, net	35,105		32,122
Other current assets	3,129		3,004
Total current assets	182,404		210,727
Property, plant and equipment, net	37,718		37,682
Goodwill	8,327		8,327
Deferred tax assets	11		4
Lease assets	1,527		1,868
Intangible assets, net	1,249		1,347
Other long-term assets	5,852		6,192
Total assets	$	237,088	$	266,147
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	1,770	$	3,554
Accounts payable to related party	25,687		20,371
Accrued liabilities	15,762		21,189
Current portion of lease liabilities	914		1,152
Total current liabilities	44,133		46,266
Long-term portion of lease liabilities	677		792
Deferred tax liabilities	93		93
Warrant liabilities	7,561		12,319
Other long-term liabilities	847		814
Total liabilities	53,311		60,284
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)
Shareholders' equity:
Preferred Stock, $0.0001 par value; 20,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023	—		—
Common Stock, $0.0001 par value; 800,000 shares authorized; 203,410 issued and 203,163 outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and 203,210 issued and 203,030 outstanding as of December 31, 2023	20		20
Treasury Stock, at cost: March 31, 2024 - 247 shares and December 31, 2023 - 180 shares	(2,675)		(1,969)
Additional paid-in-capital	342,065		339,783
Accumulated deficit	(155,632)		(131,988)
Accumulated other comprehensive income	(1)		17
Total shareholders' equity	183,777		205,863
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	237,088	$	266,147

The accompanying notes are integral to the consolidated financial statements.

LIVEWIRE GROUP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)


	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(23,644)	$	(21,147)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities
Depreciation and amortization	2,326		667
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities	(4,758)		(1,068)
Stock compensation expense	2,282		1,824
Provision for doubtful accounts	3		39
Deferred income taxes	(7)		—
Inventory write-down	2,522		673
Cloud computing arrangements development costs	—		(967)
Other, net	4		(779)
Changes in current assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, net	2,206		1,356
Accounts receivable from related party	2,351		(317)
Inventories	(5,505)		(2,560)
Other current assets	24		731
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	(6,046)		(4,894)
Accounts payable to related party	5,316		1,892
Net cash used by operating activities	(22,926)		(24,550)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures	(3,239)		(4,648)
Net cash used by investing activities	(3,239)		(4,648)
Cash flows from financing activities:

Repurchase of common stock	(706)		—
Net cash used by financing activities	(706)		—
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	$	(26,871)	$	(29,198)

Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash and cash equivalents—beginning of period	$	167,904	$	265,240
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(26,871)		(29,198)
Cash and cash equivalents—end of period	$	141,033	$	236,042

The accompanying notes are integral to the consolidated financial statements.

LIVEWIRE GROUP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)


	Common Stock			Additional paid-in capital		Accumulated Deficit		Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		Treasury Stock		Total
	Issued shares	Balance
Balance, December 31, 2023	203,210	$	20	$	339,783	$	(131,988)	$	17	$	(1,969)	$	205,863
Net loss	—	—		—		(23,644)		—		—		(23,644)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—	—		—		—		(18)		—		(18)
Share-based compensation expense	200	—		2,282		—		—		—		2,282

Repurchase of common stock	—	—		—		—		—		(706)		(706)
Balance, March 31, 2024	203,410	$	20	$	342,065	$	(155,632)	$	(1)	$	(2,675)	$	183,777


	Common Stock			Additional paid-in capital		Accumulated Deficit		Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		Treasury Stock		Total
	Issued shares	Balance
Balance, December 31, 2022	202,403	$	20	$	329,218	$	(22,438)	$	—	$	—	$	306,800
Net loss	—	—		—		(21,147)		—		—		(21,147)

Share-based compensation expense	6	—		1,824		—		—		—		1,824
Balance, March 31, 2023	202,409	$	20	$	331,042	$	(43,585)	$	—	$	—	$	287,477

The accompanying notes are integral to the consolidated financial statements.

LIVEWIRE GROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

1. Description of Business and Basis of Presentation

LiveWire Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its consolidated subsidiaries are referred to in these consolidated financial statements and notes as “we,” “our,” “us,” the “Company,” or “LiveWire.” The Company designs and sells electric motorcycles and electric balance bikes for kids with related electric motorcycle parts, accessories, and apparel. The Company operates in two segments: Electric Motorcycles and STACYC.

On September 26, 2022, the Company consummated a previously announced business combination and related financing transactions (collectively the “Business Combination”) pursuant to a business combination agreement, dated as of December 12, 2021 (the “Business Combination Agreement”), by and among AEA-Bridges Impact Corp (“ABIC”), LiveWire Group Inc., (formerly known as LW EV Holdings, Inc.), LW EV Merger Sub, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Merger Sub”), Harley-Davidson, Inc., a Wisconsin corporation (“H-D”), and LiveWire EV, LLC (“Legacy LiveWire”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of H-D. The Business combination was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization. Under this method of accounting, ABIC was treated as the “acquired” company for financial reporting purposes. The net assets of ABIC were stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. The Business Combination resulted in net proceeds of approximately $293.7 million. The Company also assumed the Public Warrants and Private Warrants upon consummation of the Business Combination. See further detail in Note 7, Warrant Liabilities.

In connection with the Business Combination, H-D has the right to receive up to an additional 12,500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock in the future (the “Earn-Out Shares”) upon the occurrence of certain triggering events: (i) a one-time issuance of 6,250,000 Earn Out Shares if the volume-weighted average price (“VWAP”) of Common Stock is greater than or equal to $14.00 over any 20 trading days within any 30 consecutive trading day period; and (ii) a one-time issuance of 6,250,000 Earn Out Shares if the VWAP of Common Stock is greater than or equal to $18.00 over any 20 trading days within any 30 consecutive trading-day period, in each case, during a period beginning 18 months from September 26, 2022, the closing date of the Business Combination, and expiring five years thereafter.

Basis of Presentation

In the opinion of the Company’s management, the accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2024 and the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the three month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

Certain information and disclosures normally included in complete financial statements have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial reporting. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the Company’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. All intercompany transactions within the Company have been eliminated in preparing the consolidated financial statements.

2. New Accounting Standards

Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (ASU 2023-07). ASU 2023-07 is intended to improve reportable segment disclosures, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The main provisions of ASU 2023-07 require a public entity to disclose on an annual and interim basis: (i) significant segment expenses provided to the chief operating decision maker, (ii) an amount representing the difference between segment revenue less segment expenses disclosed under the significant segment expense principle and each reported measure of segment profit or loss and a description of its composition, (iii) provide all annual disclosures about a reportable segment's profit or loss and assets currently required under Topic 280 in interim periods, (iv) clarify that if the chief operating decision maker uses more than one measure of a segment's profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources, a public entity may report one or more of those additional measures of segment profit, (v) the title and position of the chief operating decision maker and an explanation of how the chief operating decision maker uses the reported measure of segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources, and (vi) all disclosures required by ASU 2023-07 and all existing segment disclosures under Topic 280 for an entity with a single reportable segment. The new guidance is effective for the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is still evaluating the impact ASU 2023-07 will have on the Company's consolidated financial statement disclosures.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which is intended to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. The main provisions of ASU 2023-09 require a public entity to disclose on an annual basis (i) specific prescribed categories in the rate reconciliation, (ii) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold, (iii) the amount of income taxes paid, net of refunds received, disaggregated by federal, state, and foreign taxes, (iv) the amount of income taxes paid, net of refunds received, disaggregated by individual jurisdictions in which income taxes paid is equal to greater than 5 percent of total income taxes paid, (v) income or loss from continuing operations before income tax expense or benefit disaggregated between domestic and foreign, and (vi) income tax expense or benefit from continuing operations disaggregated by federal, state, and foreign. ASU 2023-09 also removes certain disclosure requirements related to unrecognized tax benefits and cumulative unrecognized temporary differences. The new guidance is effective for the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is still evaluating the impact ASU 2023-09 will have on the Company's consolidated financial

statement disclosures.

3. Revenue

The Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control of a good or service to a customer. Revenue is measured based on the consideration that the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for the goods or services transferred. Taxes that are collected from a customer concurrent with revenue-producing activities are excluded from revenue.

Disaggregated revenue, net by major source was as follows (in thousands):


	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Electric Motorcycles
Electric motorcycles	$	1,007	$	1,411
Parts, accessories and apparel	237		71
	$	1,244	$	1,482
STACYC
Electric balance bikes	$	2,616	$	5,508
Parts, accessories and apparel	1,118		772
	$	3,734	$	6,280
Total Revenue, net	$	4,978	$	7,762

Revenue from the sale of LiveWire One electric motorcycles, electric balance bikes as well as parts and accessories and apparel are recorded when control is transferred to the customer, generally at the time of shipment to independent dealers and distributors or at the time of delivery to retail customers. S2 electric motorcycles, being motorcycles produced from LiveWire’s S2 platform using the Arrow Architecture model, contain two performance obligations, which is the sale of the electric motorcycle and a stand ready obligation to transfer Firmware Over The Air (“FOTA”) software updates to the electric motorcycle, when-and-if available, to the customer. Revenue on the sale of the S2 electric motorcycles is recorded at a point-in-time when control is transferred to the customer. As the unspecified FOTA software updates to S2 electric motorcycles are provided when-and-if they become available, revenue related to these updates is recognized ratably over the period the updates will be provided, estimated by management to be five years, commencing when control of the electric motorcycle is transferred to the customer. The standalone selling prices of performance obligations are estimated by considering costs to develop and deliver the good or service, third-party pricing of similar goods or services and other information that may be available. The Company allocates the transaction price among the performance obligations in proportion to the standalone selling price of the Company’s performance obligations.

The Company offers sales incentive programs to independent dealers and retail customers designed to promote the sale of its products. The Company estimates its variable consideration related to its sales incentive programs using the expected value method. The Company accounts for consideration payable to a customer as part of its sales incentives as a reduction of revenue, which is accrued at the later of the date the related sale is recorded or the date the incentive program is both approved and communicated. Variable consideration related to sales incentives and rights to return is adjusted at the earliest of when the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive changes, or the consideration becomes fixed. During the first quarter of 2024, the Company revised its retail partner strategy and introduced new incentives with its retail partners resulting in $419 thousand of adjustments for variable consideration related to previously recognized sales. Adjustments for variable consideration for the three months ended March 31, 2023 were not material.

The Company offers the right to return eligible parts and accessories and apparel and, in limited circumstances, on electric motorcycles. The Company estimates returns based on an analysis of historical trends and probability of returns and records revenue on the initial sale only in the amount that it expects to be entitled. The remaining consideration is deferred in a refund liability account. The refund liability is remeasured for changes in the estimate at each reporting date with a corresponding adjustment to revenue. The Company records a refund asset at the carrying amount of the goods at the time of sale, less any expected costs to recover the goods and any expected reduction in value as a reduction to cost of goods sold. This amount is monitored and adjusted for impairment as necessary. The Company had a refund asset of $264 thousand and $299 thousand at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The Company had a refund liability of $292 thousand and $327 thousand at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

Shipping and handling costs associated with freight after control of a product has transferred to a customer are accounted for as fulfillment costs in Cost of goods sold. The Company accrues for the shipping and handling in the same period that the related revenue is recognized.

The Company offers standard, limited warranties on its electric motorcycles, electric balance bikes, and parts and accessories. These warranties provide assurance that the product will function as expected and are not separate performance obligations. The Company accounts for estimated warranty costs as a liability when control of the product transfers to the customer.

Contract Liabilities

The Company maintains certain contract liability balances related to payments received at contract inception in advance of the Company’s performance under the contract that generally relates to customer deposits for electric balance bikes and electric motorcycles and consideration received upon transfer of control of the S2 motorcycles for FOTA software updates. Contract liabilities are recognized as revenue once the Company performs under the contract. The current portion of contract liabilities of $310 thousand and $214 thousand were included in Accrued liabilities and the long-term portion of contract liabilities of $281 thousand and $245 thousand were included in Other long-term liabilities in the Company's Consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The Company expects to recognize $310 thousand included in Accrued Liabilities as of March 31, 2024 over the next twelve months. The Company expects to recognize $281 thousand included in Other long-term liabilities at March 31, 2024 over the next five years.

Previously deferred revenue recognized as revenue in the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023 was $70 thousand and $78 thousand, respectively.

4. Income Taxes

The Company’s effective income tax rate was 0% for each of the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

The Company’s effective tax rate for each period differs from the U.S. statutory rate of 21% as the Company is not recognizing an income tax benefit related to the losses generated as there is not sufficient positive evidence regarding the ability to realize the benefit of these losses.

5. Earnings Per Share

The Company computes earnings per share (“EPS”) in accordance with ASC 260, Earnings per Share. Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted EPS is computed using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock, plus the effect of potentially dilutive securities. The Company applies the treasury method to calculate the dilution impact of share-based awards- restricted stock, performance share units, and warrants. Because the Company has reported a net loss for all periods presented, diluted net loss per share is the same as basic net loss per share as all of the potentially dilutive shares were anti-dilutive in those periods.

Computation of basic and diluted earnings per share was as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):


	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Net loss	$	(23,644)	$	(21,147)

Basic weighted-average shares outstanding	203,100		202,404
Effect of dilutive securities – warrants	—		—
Effect of dilutive securities – employee stock compensation awards	—		—
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding	203,100		202,404
Earnings per share (1):
Basic	$	(0.12)	$	(0.10)
Diluted	$	(0.12)	$	(0.10)

(1) Earnings per share amounts are calculated discretely and, therefore, may not add up to the total due to rounding

Diluted net loss per share is computed by giving effect to all potential shares of common stock, to the extent dilutive, including unvested restricted stock units (“RSUs”), unvested performance share units (“PSUs”), and Warrants (as defined in Note 7, Warrant Liabilities). Potential shares of common stock are excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share if their effect would have been anti-dilutive for the periods presented or if the issuance of shares is contingent upon events that did not occur by the end of the period. For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, 3,118 thousand and 3,129 thousand employee stock compensation plan awards, respectively, were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share because the effect would have been anti-dilutive. For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, 30,365 thousand and 30,500 thousand warrants, respectively, were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share because the effect would have been anti-dilutive. Additionally, the Company has not included the impact of the Earn-Out Shares, discussed in Note 1, Description of Business and Basis of Presentation, in the calculation of EPS as the triggering events have not occurred.

6. Additional Balance Sheet Information

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value using the first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) method for electric motorcycles and related products and average costing method for electric balance bikes. Inventories, net consisted of the following (in thousands):


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Raw materials and work in process	$	—	$	486
Electric motorcycles and electric balance bikes	32,317		28,205
Parts and accessories and apparel	2,788		3,431
Inventories, net	$	35,105	$	32,122

Accrued liabilities primarily include accrued capital expenditures of $3,768 thousand, accrued payroll and employee benefits of $3,632 thousand, and accrued engineering costs of $3,319 thousand as of March 31, 2024. Accrued liabilities primarily include accrued capital expenditures of $4,933 thousand, accrued payroll and employee benefits of $7,077 thousand, and accrued engineering costs of $5,215 thousand as of December 31, 2023.

7. Warrant Liabilities

Upon consummation of the Business Combination, the Company assumed 30,499,990 Warrants to purchase the Company’s Common Stock, comprised of 19,999,990 public warrants, originally issued by ABIC as part of ABIC’s IPO of units (the “Public Warrants”) and 10,500,000 of outstanding warrants originally issued in a private placement in connection with the IPO of ABIC (the “Private Placement Warrants”, collectively with the Public Warrants, the “Warrants”). The Warrants expire five years from the completion of the Business Combination. There were 19,865,207 Public Warrants outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and 10,500,000 Private Warrants outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

Each Warrant entitles the registered holder to purchase one share of Common Stock at a price of $11.50 per share. A Warrant holder may exercise its Warrants only for a whole number of shares of Common Stock. This means only a whole Warrant may be exercised at a given time by a Warrant holder. No fractional Warrants were issued upon separation of the units and only whole warrants trade. The Company will receive the proceeds from the exercise of any warrants in cash. The Warrants will expire five years after the completion of the Business Combination, or earlier upon redemption or liquidation.

Public Warrants

Redemption of Warrants when the price per Common Stock share equals or exceeds $18.00: The Company may redeem the outstanding Warrants (except as described with respect to the Private Placement Warrants):

•in whole and not in part;

•at a price of $0.01 per Warrant;

•upon not less than 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption; and

•if, and only if, the reported last sales price of the Company’s Common Stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the Company sends the notice of redemption to the Warrant holders.

Redemption of Warrants when the price per Common Stock share equals or exceeds $10.00: Once the Warrants become exercisable, the Company may redeem the outstanding Warrants:

•in whole and not in part;

•at $0.10 per Warrant upon a minimum 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption provided that holders will be able to exercise their Warrants on a cashless basis prior to redemption and receive that number of shares determined by reference to the agreed table, based on the redemption date and the “fair market value” of Common Stock;

•if, and only if, the closing price of the shares of Common Stock equals or exceeds $10.00 per share (as adjusted for adjustments to the number of shares issuable upon exercise or the exercise price of a Warrant) for any 20 trading days within the 30-trading day period ending three trading days before we send the notice of redemption to the Warrant holders; and

•if the closing price of the shares of Common Stock for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which we send the notice of redemption to the Warrant holders is less than $18.00 per share (as adjusted for adjustments to the number of shares issuable upon exercise or the exercise price of a Warrant), the Private Placement Warrants must also be concurrently called for redemption on the same terms as the outstanding Warrants, as described above.

Private Placement Warrants

The Private Placement Warrants have terms and provisions that are similar to those of the Public Warrants, including as to the exercise price, exercisability and exercise period. The Private Placement Warrants will not be redeemable by the Company so long as they are (i) held by the initial purchasers of the Private Placement Warrants or its permitted transferees and (ii) the reference value exceeds $18.00 per share. The initial Private Placement Warrant purchasers, or its permitted transferees, have the option to exercise the Private Placement Warrants on a cashless basis if the reference value is between $10.00 and $18.00. If the Private Placement Warrants are held by holders other than AEA-Bridges Impact Sponsor, LLC (the “Sponsor”) or its permitted transferees, the Private Placement Warrants will be redeemable by the Company in all redemption scenarios and exercisable by the holders on the same basis as the Public Warrants.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, there were no redemptions or exercises of the Public Warrants or Private Warrants.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized income of $4,758 thousand and $1,068 thousand, respectively, as a change in fair value of warrant liabilities in the Consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The Company determined the Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants do not meet the criteria to be classified in stockholders’ equity and the fair value of the warrants should be classified as a liability. The Company’s Warrant liability was $7,561 thousand and $12,319 thousand as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

8. Fair Value

The Company assesses the inputs used to measure fair value using a three-tier hierarchy.

•Level 1 inputs include quoted prices for identical instruments and are the most observable.

•Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets and observable inputs.

•Level 3 inputs are not observable in the market and include the Company’s judgments about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.

The Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, aggregated by the level in the fair value hierarchy within which those measurements fall, were as follows (in thousands):


	March 31, 2024
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Money market funds	$	135,000	$	—	$	—	$	135,000
Liabilities:
Public Warrants	$	4,946	$	—	$	—	$	4,946
Private Placement Warrants	—		2,615		—		2,615
Share-based awards settled in cash	666		—		—		666
	$	5,612	$	2,615	$	—	$	8,227

	December 31, 2023
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Money market funds	$	161,000	$	—	$	—	$	161,000
Liabilities:
Public Warrants	$	8,059	$	—	$	—	$	8,059
Private Placement Warrants	—		4,260		—		4,260
Share-based awards settled in cash	1,268		—		—		1,268
	$	9,327	$	4,260	$	—	$	13,587

There were no significant assets or liabilities on the Company’s Consolidated balance sheets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis.

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

Money Market Funds

Money market funds include highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three or fewer months and are presented within Cash and cash equivalents in the Consolidated balance sheets. They are valued using quoted market prices in active markets and are classified under Level 1 within the fair value hierarchy.

Warrant Liabilities

The Public Warrants are publicly traded under the symbol “LVWR WS” and the fair value of the Public Warrants at a specific date is determined by the closing price of the Public Warrants as of that date. As such, the Public Warrants are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of the Private Placement Warrants was determined using the closing price of the Public Warrants as the Private Placement Warrants have terms and provisions that are economically similar to those of the Public Warrants. The Private Placement Warrants are classified as Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy due to the use of an observable market quote for a similar asset in an active market.

Share-based awards settled in cash

Share-based awards settled in cash represent grants of share-based awards that will be settled with employees in cash and are presented within Accrued liabilities and Other long-term liabilities in the Consolidated balance sheets. They are valued using the market price of the Company’s and Harley-Davidson, Inc.’s stock and are remeasured at each balance sheet date and are classified under Level 1 under the fair value hierarchy.

Other Fair Value Measurements

The fair value of financial instruments classified as Cash and cash equivalents, Accounts receivable, net, and Accounts payable on the Consolidated balance sheets approximate carrying value due to the short-term nature and the relative liquidity of the instruments.

9. Product Warranty and Recall Campaigns

The Company provides a limited warranty on new electric motorcycles for a period of two years, except for the battery which is covered for five years. The Company also provides limited warranties on parts and accessories and electric balance bikes. The warranty coverage for the retail customer generally begins when the product is sold to the retail customer. The Company accrues for future warranty claims at the time of sale by the Company using an estimated cost based primarily on historical Company claim information. In the case of both warranty and recall costs, as actual experience becomes available it is used to update the accruals.

Additionally, the Company may from time-to-time initiate certain voluntary recall campaigns. The Company records estimated recall costs when the liability is both probable and estimable. This generally occurs when the Company’s management approves and commits to a recall. The warranty and recall liability are included in Accrued liabilities and Other long-term liabilities on the Consolidated balance sheets.

Changes in the Company’s warranty and recall liability were as follows (in thousands):


	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Balance, beginning of period	$	1,011	$	566
Warranties issued during the period	122		69
Settlements made during the period	(265)		(32)

Recalls and changes to pre-existing warranty liabilities	14		(3)
Balance, end of period	$	882	$	600

The liability for recall campaigns included in the above table was $78 thousand and zero as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

10. Commitments and Contingencies

Contingencies – The Company is subject to claims related to product and other commercial matters. In determining costs to accrue related to these items, the Company carefully analyzes cases and considers the likelihood of adverse judgments or outcomes, as well as the potential range of possible loss. The Company accrues for matters when losses are both probable and estimable. Any amounts accrued for these matters are monitored on an ongoing basis and are updated based on new developments or new information as it becomes available for each matter. Refer to Note 9, Product Warranty and Recall Campaigns, for a discussion of warranty and recall liabilities. The Company had no product liability claims as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

Litigation and Other Claims – The Company from time to time may be subject to lawsuits and other claims related to product, commercial, employee, environmental and other matters in the normal course of business. In determining costs to accrue related to these items, the Company carefully analyzes cases and considers the likelihood of adverse judgments or outcomes, as well as the potential range of possible loss. The Company accrues for matters when losses are both probable and estimable. Any amounts accrued for these matters are monitored on an ongoing basis and are updated based on new developments or new information as it becomes available for each matter. The Company, through H-D, also maintains insurance coverage for product liability exposures. The Company believes that its accruals and insurance coverage are adequate and there are no material exposures to loss in excess of amounts accrued and insured for losses related to these matters.

11. Related Party Transactions

In connection with the Business Combination, the Company entered into a various number of agreements with H-D to govern and provide a framework for the relationship between the parties going forward pursuant to which the Company and/or H-D have continuing obligations to each other. All transactions with H-D subsequent to the Business Combination are considered related party transactions. Agreements that the Company entered into in connection with the separation from H-D that resulted in related party transactions include the Transition Services Agreement, Master Services Agreement, Contract Manufacturing Agreement, Joint Development Agreement, and Tax Matters Agreement. Refer to Note 16, Related Party Transactions, of the consolidated financial statements in the Company’s 2023 Form 10-K for additional details on the agreements entered into by the Company as part of the Separation.

Related Party Sales and Purchases in the Ordinary Course of Business

Transactions Associated with Service Agreements with H-D

Cost of goods sold - There are $5,176 thousand and $2,047 thousand of Cost of goods sold with H-D, respectively, related to purchases from H-D, primarily electric motorcycles, under the terms of the Contract Manufacturing Agreement, on the Consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. These purchases of electric motorcycles from H-D are sold to the Company’s customers resulting in Cost of goods sold.

Selling, administrative and engineering - During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, there were $2,948 thousand and $3,397 thousand, respectively, in expenses associated with services rendered in conjunction with the various service agreements with H-D, which are presented within Selling, administrative and engineering on the Consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Accounts payable to related party - As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there is $25,687 thousand and $20,371 thousand, respectively, due to H-D and presented as Accounts payable to related party on the Consolidated balance sheets. Of the amount outstanding to H-D as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, $14,140 thousand and $10,020 thousand, respectively, is associated with inventory purchased under the Contract Manufacturing Agreement and $5,340 thousand and $4,042 thousand, respectively, is associated with services under the various service agreements with H-D and $6,207 thousand and $6,309 thousand, respectively, is associated with the obligation to reimburse H-D for excess inventory components held by H-D that the Company expects to be obligated to reimburse H-D under the terms of the Contract Manufacturing Agreement. This amount represents the Company’s best estimate of the liability as of each of the balance sheet dates and is subject to adjustment based on final negotiations with H-D regarding amounts owed under the terms of the Contract Manufacturing Agreement.

Convertible Delayed Draw Term Loan Agreement

On February 14, 2024, the Company entered into a Convertible Delayed Draw Term Loan Agreement (the “Convertible Term Loan”) with H-D providing for term loans from H-D to the Company in one or more advances up to an aggregate principal amount of $100 million. The outstanding principal under the Convertible Term Loan bears interest at a floating rate per annum, as calculated by H-D as of the date of each advance and as of each June 1 and December 1 thereafter, equal to the sum of (i) the forward-looking term rate based on SOFR (i.e., the secured overnight financing rate published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (or a successor administrator of the secured overnight financing rate)) for a 6-month interest period, plus (ii) 4.00%. The Company may elect to pay up to 100% of the amount of any interest due by increasing the outstanding principal amount of the applicable advance. The Convertible Term Loan does not include affirmative covenants impacting the operations of the Company. The Convertible Term Loan includes negative covenants restricting the ability of the Company to incur indebtedness, create liens, sell assets, make investments, make fundamental changes, make dividends or other restricted payments and enter into affiliate transactions. The Convertible Term Loan has a maturity date of the earlier of (i) 24 months from the date of the first draw on the loan or (ii) October 31, 2026. In the event that the Convertible Term Loan cannot be settled in cash by the Company at maturity, unless otherwise agreed between the Company and H-D, the Convertible Term Loan will be converted to equity of Company at a conversion price per share of common stock of the Company equal to 90% of the volume weighted average price per share of Common Stock for the 30 trading days immediately preceding the conversion date. As of March 31, 2024, there were no amounts outstanding under the Convertible Term Loan and the Company remained in compliance with all of the existing covenants.

Other transactions

Sales of electric motorcycles and related products to independent dealers and customers are primarily financed through Harley-Davidson Financial Services (“HDFS”), a wholly owned subsidiary of H-D; therefore, the Company’s accounts receivable related to these sales are recorded in Accounts receivable from related party on the Consolidated balance sheets. Amounts financed through HDFS, not yet remitted to the Company by HDFS, are generally settled within 30 days. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there is $1,051 thousand and $3,351 thousand due from HDFS and other related receivables due from H-D, which is presented as Accounts receivable from related party on the Consolidated balance sheets, respectively.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded $20 thousand and $5 thousand, respectively, in related party sales between the Company and H-D with $15 thousand and $3 thousand, respectively, in Cost of goods sold. All sales were for the STACYC segment which sells electric balance bikes to H-D. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there was zero and $51 thousand due from H-D, which is presented as Accounts receivable from related party on the Consolidated balance sheets, respectively.

On September 26, 2022, the Company entered into a lease agreement with H-D to sublease a Product Development Center. Additionally, on August 28, 2023, the Company amended a lease agreement with H-D for office space to extend the term of the lease to a 12-month period expiring on September 26, 2024. These are classified as operating leases. As of March 31, 2024, the right of use assets included within Lease assets, short-term lease liabilities included within Current portion of lease liabilities, and long-term lease liabilities included within Long-term portion of lease liabilities in the Consolidated balance sheets were $233 thousand, $158 thousand, and $74 thousand, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, the right of use assets included within Lease assets, short-term lease liabilities included within Current portion of lease liabilities, and long-term lease liabilities included within Long-term portion of lease liabilities in the Consolidated balance sheets were $274 thousand, $162 thousand, and $112 thousand, respectively. In addition, the Company incurred $44 thousand in rent expense during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, which is included within Selling, administrative and engineering expense on the Consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

12. Reportable Segments

The Company operates in two segments: Electric Motorcycles and STACYC. The Company’s reportable segments are strategic business units that offer different products and services and are managed separately based on the fundamental differences in their operations.

The Electric Motorcycles segment consists of the business activities related to the design and sales of electric motorcycles. The Electric Motorcycles segment also sells electric motorcycle parts, accessories, and apparel. The Company’s products are sold at wholesale to a network of independent dealers and at retail through a Company-owned dealership and through online sales, and direct to customers through select international partners primarily in Europe.

The STACYC segment consists of the business activities related to the design and sales of the STACYC brand of electric balance bikes for kids. The STACYC segment also sells electric balance bike parts, accessories, and apparel. STACYC products are sold in the U.S., Canada, Australia and Europe. The STACYC segment products are sold through independent retail partners in the U.S. and Canada, including powersports dealers, H-D dealers, bicycle retailers and direct to customers online. In Australia and Europe, STACYC sells its products through independent distributors.

Selected segment information is set forth below (in thousands):


	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Electric Motorcycles
Revenue, net	$	1,244	$	1,482
Cost of goods sold	6,471		2,440
Selling, administrative and engineering expense	23,780		23,811
Operating loss	(29,007)		(24,769)
STACYC
Revenue, net	3,734		6,280
Cost of goods sold	2,634		4,058
Selling, administrative and engineering expense	2,515		2,360
Operating loss	(1,415)		(138)
Operating loss	$	(30,422)	$	(24,907)

Total assets for the Electric Motorcycles and STACYC segments were $206,479 thousand and $30,610 thousand, respectively, as of March 31, 2024 and $232,981 thousand and $33,166 thousand, respectively, as of December 31, 2023.

13. Subsequent Event

On April 24, 2024, the Company announced a plan to both relocate the operations of LiveWire Labs, the Company’s west coast product development facility, from Mountain View, California to Milwaukee, Wisconsin and streamline headcount at the Company. The Company believes this plan will enable synergies and optimize efficiencies in product development and simplify the Company’s overall path to future profitability.

Under this plan, the Company expects to incur one-time relocation costs of $1.0 million to $1.5 million and one-time termination benefit costs of $2.0 million to $3.5 million related to the Electric Motorcycles segment and expects the vast majority to be cash charges. The Company expects to complete this plan by the end of September 2024.

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis is intended to help the reader understand the Company, the Company’s financial condition and results of operations, and the Company’s present business environment. The following discussion and analysis should be read together with the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report and the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes in the 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Overview

LiveWire is an industry-leading all-electric vehicle brand with a mission to pioneer the rapidly growing two-wheel electric motorcycle space. The Company operates in two segments: Electric Motorcycles and STACYC.

The Electric Motorcycles segment sells electric motorcycles, related parts and accessories and apparel in the United States and certain international markets, while the STACYC segment sells electric balance bikes, related parts and accessories and apparel in the United States and certain international markets.

Electric motorcycles are sold at wholesale to a network of independent retail partners, at retail through a Company-owned dealership, through online sales and direct to customers through select international partners. Electric balance bikes are sold at wholesale to independent dealers and independent distributors, as well as direct to customers online. As discussed below, on September 26, 2022 as part of the Business Combination, the Company, which included LiveWire branded electric motorcycles and STACYC, became a separate, publicly traded company.

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company’s net loss was $23,644 thousand compared to $21,147 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The Company’s net losses reflect the early-stage nature of the Company’s business. The increase in net losses of $2,497 thousand in 2024 reflect the segment results discussed below and a decrease of $676 thousand in interest income, offset by an increase of $3,690 thousand of non-operating income related to the decrease in fair value of the outstanding warrants as of March 31, 2024 as compared to prior year.

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Electric Motorcycles segment operating loss was $29,007 thousand, compared to an operating loss of $24,769 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase in operating loss of $4,238 thousand resulted from a decrease in revenue due to product mix and a revised structure around our retail partners in the first quarter of 2024, which introduced new incentives, and an increase in cost of sales resulting from increased net realizable value adjustments, volumes and depreciation expense. Refer to the Electric Motorcycles segment analysis below for further discussion.

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the STACYC segment operating loss was $1,415 thousand, as compared to an operating loss of $138 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase in operating loss of $1,277 thousand was primarily related to a decrease in volumes to our independent distributors. Refer to the STACYC segment analysis below for further discussion.

Business Combination

The Business Combination was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization. Under this method of accounting, ABIC was treated as the “acquired” company for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, the Business Combination was treated as the equivalent of the Company issuing stock for the net assets of ABIC, accompanied by a recapitalization. The net assets of ABIC were stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. The Business Combination resulted in net proceeds of approximately $293.7 million. The Company also assumed the Public Warrants and Private Warrants upon consummation of the Business Combination. See further detail in Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements, Warrant Liabilities.

2024 Outlook

For 2024, LiveWire's focus continues to be on our investment into product development, product innovation, and future additional models on the S2 platform, as well as market expansion and continued cost improvements. LiveWire plans to continue to expand globally in 2024 with the focus on our priority markets in Europe.

Key Business Metrics

To analyze LiveWire’s business performance, determine financial forecasts and help develop long-term strategic plans, management reviews the following key business metrics, which are important measures that represent the growth of the business:

•Wholesale Motorcycle Unit Sales – LiveWire defines Wholesale Motorcycle Unit Sales as the number of electric motorcycles sold by LiveWire to independent dealers for which LiveWire recognized revenue during the period.

•Company Retail Motorcycle Unit Sales – LiveWire defines Company Retail Motorcycle Unit Sales as the number of new electric motorcycles sold at retail by LiveWire through its Company-owned dealership, through online sales or direct to customers through select international partners for which LiveWire recognized revenue during the period.

•Independent Retail Motorcycle Unit Sales – LiveWire defines Independent Retail Motorcycle Unit Sales as the number of new electric motorcycles sold at retail by Independent Retail Partners. These unit sales do not generate revenues for LiveWire but generate revenues for individual retail partners. The data source for electric motorcycle retail sales figures is new sales warranty and registration information provided by Independent Retail Partners and compiled by LiveWire. LiveWire must rely on information that its Independent Retail Partners supply concerning new retail sales, and LiveWire does not regularly verify the information that its independent retail partners supply. This information is subject to revision.

•Retail Motorcycle Unit Sales – LiveWire defines retail motorcycle unit sales as the sum of Company Retail Motorcycle Unit Sales and Independent Retail Motorcycle Unit Sales.

•Company-owned dealership – Dealership owned and operated by LiveWire to sell electric motorcycles, related products, and services.

•Independent Retail Partners (Electric Motorcycles) – Retail Partners owned and operated by independent entities under contract with LiveWire to sell LiveWire electric motorcycles, related products, and services.

•Electric Balance Bike Unit Sales (STACYC) – LiveWire defines Electric Balance Bike Unit Sales as the number of electric balance bikes sold by LiveWire for which LiveWire recognized revenue during the period.

•Independent Retail Partners (STACYC) – Retail Partners owned and operated by independent entities under contract with STACYC to sell electric balance bikes, related products, and services.

The following table details the key business metric amounts for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024	March 31, 2023
Wholesale Motorcycle Unit Sales	74	45
Company Retail Motorcycle Unit Sales	43	18
Total LiveWire Motorcycle Unit Sales	117	63

Retail Motorcycle Unit Sales:
Company Retail Motorcycle Unit Sales (1)	43	18
Independent Retail Partners (2)	128	34
Total Retail Motorcycle Unit Sales	171	52

Electric Balance Bike Unit Sales:
US	2,342	7,261
International	590	967
Total Electric Balance Bike Unit Sales	2,932	8,228

(1) Data source for Company Retail Motorcycle Unit Sales figures shown above is LiveWire’s records.

(2) Data source for Independent Retail Motorcycle Unit Sales figures shown above is new sales warranty and registration information provided by retail partners and compiled by LiveWire. LiveWire must rely on information that its Independent Retail Partners supply concerning new retail sales, and LiveWire does not regularly verify the information that its Independent Retail Partners supply. This information is subject to revision.

The following table details the number of retail partners:


	As of	As of
	March 31, 2024	December 31, 2023
Electric Motorcycles
Company-owned dealership	1	1
Independent Retail Partners	123	126
Total Electric Motorcycles Retail Partners	124	127

STACYC
Independent Retail Partners:
U.S.	1,998	1,975
International	137	137
Total STACYC Independent Retail Partners	2,135	2,112

The Electric Motorcycles independent retail partners shown above include those that have been contracted by LiveWire to sell LiveWire motorcycles. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, this total includes 3 and 4 partners, respectively, that were actively working to complete the licensing required to sell LiveWire motorcycles as of the end of the period. LiveWire intends to grow this network as it expands its distribution capabilities.

LiveWire believes these key business metrics provide useful information to help investors understand and evaluate LiveWire’s business performance. Wholesale Motorcycle Unit Sales and Company Retail Motorcycle Unit Sales are key drivers of revenue and operating results for the Electric Motorcycles segment. Retail Motorcycle Unit Sales made through both the Company-owned dealership and Independent Retail Partners are a key measure of consumer demand and market share for LiveWire’s electric motorcycles. Total Electric Balance Bike Unit Sales is a key driver of revenue and profit for STACYC.

Results of Operations

The following table presents consolidated results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):


	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023		$ Change		% Change
Operating loss from Electric Motorcycles	$	(29,007)	$	(24,769)	$	(4,238)	17.1	%
Operating loss from STACYC	(1,415)		(138)		(1,277)		925.4	%
Operating loss	(30,422)		(24,907)		(5,515)		22.1	%

Interest income	2,016		2,692		(676)		(25.1)	%
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities	4,758		1,068		3,690		345.5	%
Loss before income taxes	(23,648)		(21,147)		(2,501)		11.8	%
Income tax benefit	(4)		—		(4)		nm
Net loss	(23,644)		(21,147)		(2,497)		11.8	%
Other comprehensive loss:
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(18)		—		(18)		nm
Comprehensive loss	$	(23,662)	$	(21,147)	$	(2,515)	11.9	%
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(0.12)	$	(0.10)	$	(0.02)	20.0	%

*nm - not meaningful

Operating Income (Loss)

The Company reported an operating loss of $30,422 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to an operating loss of $24,907 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The Electric Motorcycles segment reported an operating loss of $29,007 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2024, as compared to an operating loss of $24,769 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The STACYC segment reported operating loss of $1,415 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to operating loss of $138 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2023. Refer to the Electric Motorcycles and STACYC Segment discussions for a more detailed analysis of the factors affecting operating results.

Interest Income (Expense)

Interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $2,016 thousand, as compared to interest income of $2,692 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease was primarily driven by the decrease in the balance of money market funds at March 31, 2024 as compared to the prior year. The Company had investments of $135,000 thousand and $232,000 thousand in money market funds as of March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, respectively.

Change in Fair Value of Warrant Liabilities

Change in fair value of warrant liabilities for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was income of $4,758 thousand, as compared to income of $1,068 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The income recognized was due to the decrease in the estimated fair value of the warrants during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 due to fluctuations in the market price of the warrants. See Note 7, Warrant Liabilities, in the consolidated financial statements for further discussion.

Income Tax (Benefit) Provision

The income tax benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $4 thousand, as compared to income tax benefit of zero for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The Company believes there is not sufficient positive evidence for the tax benefit generated by the current period operating loss in the U.S. to be benefited in future periods.

Segment Results

Electric Motorcycles

The following table presents consolidated results of operations for the Electric Motorcycles segment for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):


	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023		$ Change		% Change
Revenue:
Electric motorcycles	$	1,007	$	1,411	$	(404)	(28.6)	%
Parts, accessories and apparel	237		71		166		233.8	%
Revenue, net	1,244		1,482		(238)		(16.1)	%
Cost of goods sold	6,471		2,440		4,031		165.2	%
Gross profit	(5,227)		(958)		(4,269)		445.6	%
Operating expenses:
Selling, administrative and engineering expense	23,780		23,811		(31)		(0.1)	%
Operating loss	$	(29,007)	$	(24,769)	$	(4,238)	17.1	%

Revenue

Revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2024 decreased by $238 thousand, or 16.1%, to $1,244 thousand from $1,482 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2023. Unit sales increased by 86% driven by more products in the market, including the new S2 Mulholland model launched in the first quarter of 2024. The Company has three bikes in market at March 31, 2024 as compared to one bike in market at March 31, 2023. The impact on revenue of the increased unit sales in the first quarter 2024 was offset by a reduction in revenue of $688 thousand resulting from product mix due to the S2 Del Mar and Mulholland having lower selling prices than LiveWire ONE and $498 thousand resulting from the impact of new incentives associated with a revised strategy with our retail partners implemented in the first quarter of 2024.

Cost of Goods Sold

Cost of goods sold for the three months ended March 31, 2024 increased by $4,031 thousand, or 165.2%, to $6,471 thousand from $2,440 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase was primarily due to increased net realizable value adjustments of $1,703 thousand, increased depreciation expense of $784 thousand, and the impact of increased volumes in the first quarter 2024 as compared to the first quarter 2023.

Selling, Administrative and Engineering Expense

Selling, administrative and engineering expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 remained relatively flat compared to prior year, decreasing by $31 thousand, or 0.1%, to $23,780 thousand from $23,811 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2023.

STACYC

The following table presents consolidated results of operations for the STACYC segment for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):


	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023		$ Change		% Change
Revenue:
Electric balance bikes	$	2,616	$	5,508	$	(2,892)	(52.5)	%
Parts, accessories and apparel	1,118		772		346		44.8	%
Revenue, net	3,734		6,280		(2,546)		(40.5)	%
Cost of goods sold	2,634		4,058		(1,424)		(35.1)	%
Gross profit	1,100		2,222		(1,122)		(50.5)	%
Operating expenses:
Selling, administrative and engineering expense	2,515		2,360		155		6.6	%
Operating income	$	(1,415)	$	(138)	$	(1,277)	925.4	%

Revenue

Revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2024 decreased by $2,546 thousand, or 40.5%, to $3,734 thousand from $6,280 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease in revenue of $2,546 thousand was driven by a $2,678 thousand reduction in electric balance bikes revenue due to lower shipment volumes primarily to our independent distributors and a $214 thousand reduction due to pricing in the three months ended March 31, 2024. This decrease was offset by a $346 thousand increase in parts, accessories and apparel revenue due primarily to increased battery and replacement part sales in the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Cost of Goods Sold

Cost of goods sold for the three months ended March 31, 2024 decreased by $1,424 thousand, or 35.1%, to $2,634 thousand from $4,058 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease was primarily due to lower volumes in alignment with the decreased revenue described above.

Selling, Administrative and Engineering Expense

Selling, administrative and engineering expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 increased by $155 thousand, or 6.6%, to $2,515 thousand from $2,360 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase was primarily due to increased research and development costs relating to new product development of $156 thousand, increased personnel costs of $131 thousand, offset by decreased marketing expense of $132 thousand in the first quarter of 2024.

Other Matters

Commitments and Contingencies

The Company is subject to lawsuits and other claims related to product, commercial, employee, environmental and other matters. In determining costs to accrue related to these items, the Company carefully analyzes cases and considers the likelihood of adverse judgments or outcomes, as well as the potential range of possible loss. Any amounts accrued for these matters are monitored on an ongoing basis and are updated based on new developments or new information as it becomes available for each matter. Refer to Note 10, Commitments and Contingencies, in the consolidated financial statements for a discussion of the Company's commitments and contingencies

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, LiveWire’s cash and cash equivalents were $141,033 thousand and $167,904 thousand, respectively.

As an early growth company, LiveWire does not expect to generate positive cash flow from operations over the next twelve months. Prior to the Business Combination, H-D supported LiveWire’s operating, investing and financing activities. Following the Business Combination, LiveWire received net proceeds of approximately $293.7 million as more fully described below.

On September 26, 2022, LiveWire consummated the Business Combination with ABIC resulting in net proceeds of approximately $293.7 million. The Company also assumed the Public Warrants and Private Warrants upon consummation of the Business Combination. See further detail in Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements, Warrant Liabilities.

In the event of the exercise of any of Warrants for cash, LiveWire will receive the proceeds from such exercise. Assuming the exercise in full of all of Warrants for cash, LiveWire would receive an aggregate of approximately $349.2 million, but would not receive any proceeds from the sale of the shares of Common Stock issuable upon such exercise. To the extent any of the Warrants are exercised on a “cashless basis,” LiveWire will not receive any proceeds upon such exercise. LiveWire expects to use any proceeds it receives from Warrant exercises for general corporate and working capital purposes, which would increase its liquidity. LiveWire believes the likelihood that warrant holders will exercise their Warrants, and therefore the amount of cash proceeds LiveWire would receive, is dependent upon the trading price of its Common Stock. As of March 31, 2024, the reported sales price of Common Stock was $7.23 per share. If the trading price of Common Stock is less than the $11.50 exercise price per share of the Warrants, LiveWire expects that warrant holders will not exercise their Warrants. There is no guarantee the Warrants will be in the money following the time they become exercisable and prior to their expiration, and as such, the Warrants may expire worthless and LiveWire may receive no proceeds from the exercise of Warrants. As a result, LiveWire does not expect to rely on the cash exercise of Warrants to fund its operations and LiveWire does not believe that it needs such proceeds to support working capital and capital expenditure requirements for the next twelve months. LiveWire will continue to evaluate the probability of Warrant exercises and the merit of including potential cash proceeds from the exercise of the Warrants in its future liquidity projections. LiveWire instead currently expects to rely on the sources of funding described below, if available on reasonable terms or at all.

Management believes that cash on hand, including the proceeds received from the Business Combination, and the Convertible Term Loan will provide sufficient liquidity to meet LiveWire’s projected obligations, including those related to existing contractual obligations, for at least the next twelve months.

The Company plans to use its current cash on hand, including the financing raised through the Business Combination, and available funds under the Convertible Term Loan to support its core business operations and strategic plan, invest in new product development, and enhance its global distribution capabilities. LiveWire expects its capital expenditures and working capital requirements to increase in the future, as it grows the business, develops its customer support and marketing infrastructure and expands its product development efforts.

The Company’s material contractual operating cash commitments at March 31, 2024 relate to leases and inventory purchase commitments. In addition, as a result of the Business Combination completed on September 26, 2022, LiveWire will be subject to certain payments in the event minimum purchase commitments under the Contract Manufacturing Agreement with H-D are not met beginning in the year 2025.

Cash Flow Activity

The following table presents condensed highlights from the Company’s Consolidated statements of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):


	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Net cash used by operating activities	$	(22,926)	$	(24,550)
Net cash used by investing activities	(3,239)		(4,648)
Net cash used by financing activities	(706)		—
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	$	(26,871)	$	(29,198)

The overall decrease in cash during the three months ended March 31, 2024 was due primarily to cash used for operating activities, as described below.

Operating Activities

The Company had negative cash flow from operating activities during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. Net cash used by operating activities decreased by $1,624 thousand to $22,926 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to $24,550 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease in negative cash flow from operating activities was primarily driven by favorable changes in Accounts receivable, net, Account receivable from related party, and Accounts payable to related party offset by unfavorable changes in other working capital amounts, including Inventories, Other current assets, and Accounts payable and accrued liabilities, and the increase in net loss of $2,497 thousand.

Investing Activities

Net cash used by investing activities decreased by $1,409 thousand to $3,239 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to $4,648 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease was due to higher capital expenditures in 2023 related to investments to support future product development activities.

The Company expects to fund future cash flows used in investing activities with the financing raised through the Business Combination and available funds under the Convertible Term Loan. The Company estimates capital expenditures to be between $10 million and $20 million in 2024.

Financing Activities

Net cash used by financing activities decreased by $706 thousand to $706 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to zero for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The $706 thousand cash outflow related to the repurchase of common stock to satisfy withholding taxes in connection with the vesting of restricted stock.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

As of March 31, 2024, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents amounted to $141,033 thousand. The Company manages its liquidity risk by effectively managing its working capital, capital expenditures and cash flows.

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk principally consist of accounts receivable. The Company limits its credit risk with respect to accounts receivable by performing credit evaluations and requiring collateral to secure amounts owed to the Company by its customers, each when deemed necessary.

Inflationary factors, such as cost increases for logistics, manufacturing, raw materials and purchased components, may adversely affect the Company’s operating results. Although the Company does not believe inflation has had a material impact on its financial condition given its lower production volumes, a high rate of inflation in the future may have an adverse effect on the Company’s ability to increase its gross margin or decrease its operating expenses as a percentage of its revenues if the selling prices of its products do not increase as much or more than its increase in costs.

The Company is also exposed to possible disruption of supply or shortage of materials, in particular for lithium-ion battery cells and key semiconductor chip components necessary for electric vehicles, and any inability to purchase raw materials and components could negatively impact the Company’s operations.

The Company sells electric balance bikes and its electric motorcycles and related products internationally, and in most markets, those sales are made in the foreign country’s local currency. As a result, the Company’s operating results are affected by fluctuations in the values of the U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies, however, the impact of such fluctuations on the Company’s operations to date are not material given the majority of the Company’s sales are currently in the U.S. The Company plans to expand its business and operations internationally and expects its exposure to currency rate risk to increase as it grows its international presence.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Limitations on Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

In designing and evaluating the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. In addition, the design of the disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and that management is required to apply judgment in evaluating the benefits of possible controls and procedures relative to their costs.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company’s management, with the participation of the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, evaluated, as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act). Based on that evaluation, the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time period specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms, and to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, as identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, that occurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

The information required under this Item 1 of Part II is contained in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q in Note 10, Commitments and Contingencies, to the Notes to consolidated financial statements, and such information is incorporated herein by reference in this Item 1 of Part II.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes to the principal risks that the Company believes are material to the Company’s business, results of operations, and financial condition from those disclosed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” of the 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Sales of Unregistered Equity Securities

There were no unregistered sales of equity securities for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Purchases of Equity Securities

The Company’s share repurchases, which consisted of shares of Common Stock surrendered to satisfy withholding taxes in connection with the vesting of restricted stock units were as follows during the quarter ended March 31, 2024:


2024 Fiscal Date of Vest	Total Number of Shares Repurchased	Price Per Share Paid	Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
February 1 – February 29	66,923	$10.26	—	—

The LiveWire Group, Inc. 2022 Incentive Award Plan provides that the withholding obligations be settled by the Company retaining shares that are part of the award. During the first quarter of 2024, the Company retained 66 thousand shares of common stock to satisfy withholding taxes in connection with the vesting of restricted stock units.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None of our directors or executive officers adopted or terminated a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or a non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement (as defined in Item 408(c) of Regulation S-K) during the first quarter of 2024.

Item 6. Exhibits

LiveWire Group, Inc.
Exhibit Index to Form 10-Q

Exhibit No.

Description

Form

File No.

Filing Date

Exhibit Number

Filed/Furnished herewith

2.1†

Business Combination Agreement, dated as of December 12, 2021, by and among Harley-Davidson, Inc., AEA-Bridges Impact Corp., LW EV Holdings, Inc., LW EV Merger Sub, Inc. and LiveWire EV, LLC

8-K

001-39584

12/15/2021

2.1

3.1

Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of LiveWire Group, Inc.

8-K

001-41511

9/30/2022

3.1

3.2

Amended and Restated Bylaws of LiveWire Group, Inc.

8-K

001-41511

9/30/2022

3.2

4.1

Warrant Agreement, dated as of October 1, 2022, by and between the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as Warrant Agent

8-K

001-39584

10/7/2020

4.4

4.2

Specimen Warrant Certificate

S-1

333-248785

9/14/2020

4.3

10.1

Convertible Delayed Draw Term Loan Agreement, dated as of February 14, 2024, by and among Harley-Davidson, Inc., LiveWire EV, LLC, and LiveWire Group, Inc.

8-K

001-41511

2/16/2024

10.1

31.1

Chief Executive Officer Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)

31.2

Chief Financial Officer Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)

32.1

Written Statement of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350

101.INS

XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document

101.SCH

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

104

Cover Page Interactive Data File - formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101

* Filed herewith.

** Furnished herewith.

† The annexes, schedules and certain exhibits to this Exhibit have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K. The Registrant hereby agrees to furnish supplementally a copy of any omitted annex, schedule or exhibit to the SEC upon request.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

LiveWire Group, Inc.

Date:

May 6, 2024

/s/ Karim Donnez

Karim Donnez

Chief Executive Officer

Date:

May 6, 2024

/s/ Tralisa Maraj

Tralisa Maraj

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

Exhibit 31.1

Chief Executive Officer Certification

Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

I, Karim Donnez, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of LiveWire Group, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15-d-15(e))for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) [Omitted];

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth quarter in case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function):

a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.


Date: May 6, 2024			/s/ Karim Donnez
			Karim Donnez
			Chief Executive Officer

Exhibit 31.2

Chief Financial Officer Certification

Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

I, Tralisa Maraj, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of LiveWire Group, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15-d-15(e)) for the registrant and have:

a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)[Omitted];

c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth quarter in case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.


Date: May 6, 2024			/s/ Tralisa Maraj
			Tralisa Maraj
			Chief Financial Officer

Exhibit 32.1

Written Statement of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant to

Section 906 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002

Solely for the purpose of complying with 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to §906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, we, the undersigned Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer of LiveWire Group, Inc. (the “Company”), hereby certify, pursuant to our knowledge, that the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of the Company for the quarter ended March 31, 2024 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Sections 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and that the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.


Date: May 6, 2024
			/s/ Karim Donnez
			Karim Donnez
			Chief Executive Officer

			/s/ Tralisa Maraj
			Tralisa Maraj
			Chief Financial Officer

Cover Page - shares	3 Months Ended
Cover Page - shares	Mar. 31, 2024	May 01, 2024
Document Information
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2024
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-41511
Entity Registrant Name	LiveWire Group, Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	87-4730333
Entity Address, Address Line One	3700 West Juneau Avenue
Entity Address, City or Town	Milwaukee
Entity Address, State or Province	WI
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	53208
City Area Code	650
Local Phone Number	447-8424
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	true
Entity Ex Transition Period	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		203,162,565
Entity Central Index Key	0001898795
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Amendment Flag	false
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Common Stock
Document Information
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per share
Trading Symbol	LVWR
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Warrant
Document Information
Title of 12(b) Security	Warrants to purchase common stock
Trading Symbol	LVWR WS
Security Exchange Name	NYSE

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Revenues [Abstract]
Revenue, net	$ 4,978	$ 7,762
Costs and expenses:
Cost of goods sold (including related party amounts of $5,176 and $2,047 in 2024 and 2023, respectively, as described in Note 11)	9,105	6,498
Selling, administrative and engineering expense (including related party amounts of $2,948 and $3,397 in 2024 and 2023, respectively, as described in Note 11)	26,295	26,171
Total operating costs and expenses	35,400	32,669
Operating loss	(30,422)	(24,907)
Interest income	2,016	2,692
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities	4,758	1,068
Loss before income taxes	(23,648)	(21,147)
Income tax benefit	(4)	0
Net loss	(23,644)	(21,147)
Other comprehensive loss:
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(18)	0
Comprehensive loss	$ (23,662)	$ (21,147)
Net loss per share, basic (Note 5) (in dollars per share)	$ (0.12)	$ (0.10)
Net loss per share, diluted (Note 5) (in dollars per share)	$ (0.12)	$ (0.10)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Cost of goods sold	$ 9,105	$ 6,498
Selling, administrative and engineering expense	26,295	26,171
Related Party
Cost of goods sold	5,176	2,047
Selling, administrative and engineering expense	$ 2,948	$ 3,397

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 141,033	$ 167,904
Inventories, net	35,105	32,122
Other current assets	3,129	3,004
Total current assets	182,404	210,727
Property, plant and equipment, net	37,718	37,682
Goodwill	8,327	8,327
Deferred tax assets	11	4
Lease assets	1,527	1,868
Intangible assets, net	1,249	1,347
Other long-term assets	5,852	6,192
Total assets	237,088	266,147
Current liabilities:
Accrued liabilities	15,762	21,189
Current portion of lease liabilities	914	1,152
Total current liabilities	44,133	46,266
Long-term portion of lease liabilities	677	792
Deferred tax liabilities	93	93
Warrant liabilities	7,561	12,319
Other long-term liabilities	847	814
Total liabilities	53,311	60,284
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)
Shareholders' equity:
Preferred Stock, $0.0001 par value; 20,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023	0	0
Common Stock, $0.0001 par value; 800,000 shares authorized; 203,410 issued and $203,163 outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and 203,210 issued and $203,030 outstanding as of December 31, 2023	20	20
Treasury Stock, at cost: March 31, 2024 - 247000 shares and December 31, 2023 - 180000 shares	(2,675)	(1,969)
Additional paid-in-capital	342,065	339,783
Accumulated deficit	(155,632)	(131,988)
Accumulated other comprehensive income	(1)	17
Total shareholders' equity	183,777	205,863
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	237,088	266,147
Nonrelated Party
Current assets:
Accounts receivable, net	2,086	4,295
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	1,770	3,554
Related Party
Current assets:
Accounts receivable, net	1,051	3,402
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$ 25,687	$ 20,371

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Preferred stock stated value per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Preferred stock shares authorized (in shares)	20,000,000	20,000,000
Preferred stock, issued (in shares)	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0	0
Common stock stated value per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock shares authorized (in shares)	800,000,000	800,000,000
Common stock, issued (in shares)	203,410,000	203,210,000
Common stock, share outstanding (in shares)	203,163,000	203,030,000
Treasury stock, common, shares (in shares)	247,000	180,000

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$ (23,644)	$ (21,147)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities
Depreciation and amortization	2,326	667
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities	(4,758)	(1,068)
Stock compensation expense	2,282	1,824
Provision for doubtful accounts	3	39
Deferred income taxes	(7)	0
Inventory write-down	2,522	673
Cloud computing arrangements development costs	0	(967)
Other, net	4	(779)
Changes in current assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, net	2,206	1,356
Accounts receivable from related party	2,351	(317)
Inventories	(5,505)	(2,560)
Other current assets	24	731
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	(6,046)	(4,894)
Accounts payable to related party	5,316	1,892
Net cash used by operating activities	(22,926)	(24,550)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures	(3,239)	(4,648)
Net cash used by investing activities	(3,239)	(4,648)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Repurchase of common stock	(706)	0
Net cash used by financing activities	(706)	0
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(26,871)	(29,198)
Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash and cash equivalents—beginning of period	167,904	265,240
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(26,871)	(29,198)
Cash and cash equivalents—end of period	$ 141,033	$ 236,042

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Additional paid-in capital	Accumulated Deficit	Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	Treasury Stock
Balance, beginning at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 306,800	$ 20	$ 329,218	$ (22,438)	$ 0	$ 0
Balance, beginning of period (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022		202,403
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net loss	(21,147)			(21,147)
Share-based compensation expense	1,824		1,824
Share-based compensation expense (in shares)		6
Balance, ending at Mar. 31, 2023	287,477	$ 20	331,042	(43,585)	0	0
Balance, ending of period (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023		202,409
Balance, beginning at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 205,863	$ 20	339,783	(131,988)	17	(1,969)
Balance, beginning of period (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023	203,210	203,210
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net loss	$ (23,644)			(23,644)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	(18)				(18)
Share-based compensation expense	2,282		2,282
Share-based compensation expense (in shares)		200
Repurchase of common stock	(706)					(706)
Balance, ending at Mar. 31, 2024	$ 183,777	$ 20	$ 342,065	$ (155,632)	$ (1)	$ (2,675)
Balance, ending of period (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024	203,410	203,410

Description of Business and Basis of Presentation	3 Months Ended
Description of Business and Basis of Presentation	Mar. 31, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Description of Business and Basis of Presentation	Description of Business and Basis of Presentation LiveWire Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its consolidated subsidiaries are referred to in these consolidated financial statements and notes as “we,” “our,” “us,” the “Company,” or “LiveWire.” The Company designs and sells electric motorcycles and electric balance bikes for kids with related electric motorcycle parts, accessories, and apparel. The Company operates in two segments: Electric Motorcycles and STACYC. On September 26, 2022, the Company consummated a previously announced business combination and related financing transactions (collectively the “Business Combination”) pursuant to a business combination agreement, dated as of December 12, 2021 (the “Business Combination Agreement”), by and among AEA-Bridges Impact Corp (“ABIC”), LiveWire Group Inc., (formerly known as LW EV Holdings, Inc.), LW EV Merger Sub, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Merger Sub”), Harley-Davidson, Inc., a Wisconsin corporation (“H-D”), and LiveWire EV, LLC (“Legacy LiveWire”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of H-D. The Business combination was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization. Under this method of accounting, ABIC was treated as the “acquired” company for financial reporting purposes. The net assets of ABIC were stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. The Business Combination resulted in net proceeds of approximately $293.7 million. The Company also assumed the Public Warrants and Private Warrants upon consummation of the Business Combination. See further detail in Note 7, Warrant Liabilities. In connection with the Business Combination, H-D has the right to receive up to an additional 12,500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock in the future (the “Earn-Out Shares”) upon the occurrence of certain triggering events: (i) a one-time issuance of 6,250,000 Earn Out Shares if the volume-weighted average price (“VWAP”) of Common Stock is greater than or equal to $14.00 over any 20 trading days within any 30 consecutive trading day period; and (ii) a one-time issuance of 6,250,000 Earn Out Shares if the VWAP of Common Stock is greater than or equal to $18.00 over any 20 trading days within any 30 consecutive trading-day period, in each case, during a period beginning 18 months from September 26, 2022, the closing date of the Business Combination, and expiring five years thereafter. Basis of Presentation In the opinion of the Company’s management, the accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2024 and the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the three month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. Certain information and disclosures normally included in complete financial statements have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial reporting. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the Company’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. All intercompany transactions within the Company have been eliminated in preparing the consolidated financial statements.

New Accounting Standards	3 Months Ended
New Accounting Standards	Mar. 31, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
New Accounting Standards	New Accounting Standards Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (ASU 2023-07). ASU 2023-07 is intended to improve reportable segment disclosures, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The main provisions of ASU 2023-07 require a public entity to disclose on an annual and interim basis: (i) significant segment expenses provided to the chief operating decision maker, (ii) an amount representing the difference between segment revenue less segment expenses disclosed under the significant segment expense principle and each reported measure of segment profit or loss and a description of its composition, (iii) provide all annual disclosures about a reportable segment's profit or loss and assets currently required under Topic 280 in interim periods, (iv) clarify that if the chief operating decision maker uses more than one measure of a segment's profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources, a public entity may report one or more of those additional measures of segment profit, (v) the title and position of the chief operating decision maker and an explanation of how the chief operating decision maker uses the reported measure of segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources, and (vi) all disclosures required by ASU 2023-07 and all existing segment disclosures under Topic 280 for an entity with a single reportable segment. The new guidance is effective for the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is still evaluating the impact ASU 2023-07 will have on the Company's consolidated financial statement disclosures. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which is intended to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. The main provisions of ASU 2023-09 require a public entity to disclose on an annual basis (i) specific prescribed categories in the rate reconciliation, (ii) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold, (iii) the amount of income taxes paid, net of refunds received, disaggregated by federal, state, and foreign taxes, (iv) the amount of income taxes paid, net of refunds received, disaggregated by individual jurisdictions in which income taxes paid is equal to greater than 5 percent of total income taxes paid, (v) income or loss from continuing operations before income tax expense or benefit disaggregated between domestic and foreign, and (vi) income tax expense or benefit from continuing operations disaggregated by federal, state, and foreign. ASU 2023-09 also removes certain disclosure requirements related to unrecognized tax benefits and cumulative unrecognized temporary differences. The new guidance is effective for the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is still evaluating the impact ASU 2023-09 will have on the Company's consolidated financial statement disclosures.

Revenue

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue

Disaggregated revenue, net by major source was as follows (in thousands):


	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Electric Motorcycles
Electric motorcycles	$	1,007	$	1,411
Parts, accessories and apparel	237		71
	$	1,244	$	1,482
STACYC
Electric balance bikes	$	2,616	$	5,508
Parts, accessories and apparel	1,118		772
	$	3,734	$	6,280
Total Revenue, net	$	4,978	$	7,762

Contract Liabilities

Previously deferred revenue recognized as revenue in the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023 was $70 thousand and $78 thousand, respectively.

Income Taxes	3 Months Ended
Income Taxes	Mar. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes	Income Taxes The Company’s effective income tax rate was 0% for each of the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. The Company’s effective tax rate for each period differs from the U.S. statutory rate of 21% as the Company is not recognizing an income tax benefit related to the losses generated as there is not sufficient positive evidence regarding the ability to realize the benefit of these losses.

Earnings Per Share

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings Per Share

Computation of basic and diluted earnings per share was as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):


	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Net loss	$	(23,644)	$	(21,147)

Basic weighted-average shares outstanding	203,100		202,404
Effect of dilutive securities – warrants	—		—
Effect of dilutive securities – employee stock compensation awards	—		—
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding	203,100		202,404
Earnings per share (1):
Basic	$	(0.12)	$	(0.10)
Diluted	$	(0.12)	$	(0.10)

(1) Earnings per share amounts are calculated discretely and, therefore, may not add up to the total due to rounding

Additional Balance Sheet Information

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Additional Balance Sheet Information


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Raw materials and work in process	$	—	$	486
Electric motorcycles and electric balance bikes	32,317		28,205
Parts and accessories and apparel	2,788		3,431
Inventories, net	$	35,105	$	32,122

Warrant Liabilities	3 Months Ended
Warrant Liabilities	Mar. 31, 2024
Warrant Liabilities [Abstract]
Warrant Liabilities	Warrant Liabilities Upon consummation of the Business Combination, the Company assumed 30,499,990 Warrants to purchase the Company’s Common Stock, comprised of 19,999,990 public warrants, originally issued by ABIC as part of ABIC’s IPO of units (the “Public Warrants”) and 10,500,000 of outstanding warrants originally issued in a private placement in connection with the IPO of ABIC (the “Private Placement Warrants”, collectively with the Public Warrants, the “Warrants”). The Warrants expire five years from the completion of the Business Combination. There were 19,865,207 Public Warrants outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and 10,500,000 Private Warrants outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Each Warrant entitles the registered holder to purchase one share of Common Stock at a price of $11.50 per share. A Warrant holder may exercise its Warrants only for a whole number of shares of Common Stock. This means only a whole Warrant may be exercised at a given time by a Warrant holder. No fractional Warrants were issued upon separation of the units and only whole warrants trade. The Company will receive the proceeds from the exercise of any warrants in cash. The Warrants will expire five years after the completion of the Business Combination, or earlier upon redemption or liquidation. Public Warrants Redemption of Warrants when the price per Common Stock share equals or exceeds $18.00: The Company may redeem the outstanding Warrants (except as described with respect to the Private Placement Warrants): •in whole and not in part; •at a price of $0.01 per Warrant; •upon not less than 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption; and •if, and only if, the reported last sales price of the Company’s Common Stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the Company sends the notice of redemption to the Warrant holders. Redemption of Warrants when the price per Common Stock share equals or exceeds $10.00: Once the Warrants become exercisable, the Company may redeem the outstanding Warrants: •in whole and not in part; •at $0.10 per Warrant upon a minimum 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption provided that holders will be able to exercise their Warrants on a cashless basis prior to redemption and receive that number of shares determined by reference to the agreed table, based on the redemption date and the “fair market value” of Common Stock; •if, and only if, the closing price of the shares of Common Stock equals or exceeds $10.00 per share (as adjusted for adjustments to the number of shares issuable upon exercise or the exercise price of a Warrant) for any 20 trading days within the 30-trading day period ending three trading days before we send the notice of redemption to the Warrant holders; and •if the closing price of the shares of Common Stock for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which we send the notice of redemption to the Warrant holders is less than $18.00 per share (as adjusted for adjustments to the number of shares issuable upon exercise or the exercise price of a Warrant), the Private Placement Warrants must also be concurrently called for redemption on the same terms as the outstanding Warrants, as described above. Private Placement Warrants The Private Placement Warrants have terms and provisions that are similar to those of the Public Warrants, including as to the exercise price, exercisability and exercise period. The Private Placement Warrants will not be redeemable by the Company so long as they are (i) held by the initial purchasers of the Private Placement Warrants or its permitted transferees and (ii) the reference value exceeds $18.00 per share. The initial Private Placement Warrant purchasers, or its permitted transferees, have the option to exercise the Private Placement Warrants on a cashless basis if the reference value is between $10.00 and $18.00. If the Private Placement Warrants are held by holders other than AEA-Bridges Impact Sponsor, LLC (the “Sponsor”) or its permitted transferees, the Private Placement Warrants will be redeemable by the Company in all redemption scenarios and exercisable by the holders on the same basis as the Public Warrants. During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, there were no redemptions or exercises of the Public Warrants or Private Warrants. During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized income of $4,758 thousand and $1,068 thousand, respectively, as a change in fair value of warrant liabilities in the Consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The Company determined the Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants do not meet the criteria to be classified in stockholders’ equity and the fair value of the warrants should be classified as a liability. The Company’s Warrant liability was $7,561 thousand and $12,319 thousand as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

Fair Value

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value

The Company assesses the inputs used to measure fair value using a three-tier hierarchy.

•Level 1 inputs include quoted prices for identical instruments and are the most observable.

•Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets and observable inputs.

•Level 3 inputs are not observable in the market and include the Company’s judgments about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.


	March 31, 2024
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Money market funds	$	135,000	$	—	$	—	$	135,000
Liabilities:
Public Warrants	$	4,946	$	—	$	—	$	4,946
Private Placement Warrants	—		2,615		—		2,615
Share-based awards settled in cash	666		—		—		666
	$	5,612	$	2,615	$	—	$	8,227

	December 31, 2023
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Money market funds	$	161,000	$	—	$	—	$	161,000
Liabilities:
Public Warrants	$	8,059	$	—	$	—	$	8,059
Private Placement Warrants	—		4,260		—		4,260
Share-based awards settled in cash	1,268		—		—		1,268
	$	9,327	$	4,260	$	—	$	13,587

There were no significant assets or liabilities on the Company’s Consolidated balance sheets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis.

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

Money Market Funds

Warrant Liabilities

Share-based awards settled in cash

Other Fair Value Measurements

Product Warranty and Recall Campaigns

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Guarantees and Product Warranties [Abstract]

Product Warranty and Recall Campaigns

Changes in the Company’s warranty and recall liability were as follows (in thousands):


	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Balance, beginning of period	$	1,011	$	566
Warranties issued during the period	122		69
Settlements made during the period	(265)		(32)

Recalls and changes to pre-existing warranty liabilities	14		(3)
Balance, end of period	$	882	$	600

The liability for recall campaigns included in the above table was $78 thousand and zero as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

Commitments and Contingencies	3 Months Ended
Commitments and Contingencies	Mar. 31, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	Commitments and Contingencies Contingencies – The Company is subject to claims related to product and other commercial matters. In determining costs to accrue related to these items, the Company carefully analyzes cases and considers the likelihood of adverse judgments or outcomes, as well as the potential range of possible loss. The Company accrues for matters when losses are both probable and estimable. Any amounts accrued for these matters are monitored on an ongoing basis and are updated based on new developments or new information as it becomes available for each matter. Refer to Note 9, Product Warranty and Recall Campaigns, for a discussion of warranty and recall liabilities. The Company had no product liability claims as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Litigation and Other Claims – The Company from time to time may be subject to lawsuits and other claims related to product, commercial, employee, environmental and other matters in the normal course of business. In determining costs to accrue related to these items, the Company carefully analyzes cases and considers the likelihood of adverse judgments or outcomes, as well as the potential range of possible loss. The Company accrues for matters when losses are both probable and estimable. Any amounts accrued for these matters are monitored on an ongoing basis and are updated based on new developments or new information as it becomes available for each matter. The Company, through H-D, also maintains insurance coverage for product liability exposures. The Company believes that its accruals and insurance coverage are adequate and there are no material exposures to loss in excess of amounts accrued and insured for losses related to these matters.

Related Party Transactions	3 Months Ended
Related Party Transactions	Mar. 31, 2024
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]
Related Party Transactions	Related Party Transactions In connection with the Business Combination, the Company entered into a various number of agreements with H-D to govern and provide a framework for the relationship between the parties going forward pursuant to which the Company and/or H-D have continuing obligations to each other. All transactions with H-D subsequent to the Business Combination are considered related party transactions. Agreements that the Company entered into in connection with the separation from H-D that resulted in related party transactions include the Transition Services Agreement, Master Services Agreement, Contract Manufacturing Agreement, Joint Development Agreement, and Tax Matters Agreement. Refer to Note 16, Related Party Transactions, of the consolidated financial statements in the Company’s 2023 Form 10-K for additional details on the agreements entered into by the Company as part of the Separation. Related Party Sales and Purchases in the Ordinary Course of Business Transactions Associated with Service Agreements with H-D Cost of goods sold - There are $5,176 thousand and $2,047 thousand of Cost of goods sold with H-D, respectively, related to purchases from H-D, primarily electric motorcycles, under the terms of the Contract Manufacturing Agreement, on the Consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. These purchases of electric motorcycles from H-D are sold to the Company’s customers resulting in Cost of goods sold. Selling, administrative and engineering - During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, there were $2,948 thousand and $3,397 thousand, respectively, in expenses associated with services rendered in conjunction with the various service agreements with H-D, which are presented within Selling, administrative and engineering on the Consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Accounts payable to related party - As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there is $25,687 thousand and $20,371 thousand, respectively, due to H-D and presented as Accounts payable to related party on the Consolidated balance sheets. Of the amount outstanding to H-D as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, $14,140 thousand and $10,020 thousand, respectively, is associated with inventory purchased under the Contract Manufacturing Agreement and $5,340 thousand and $4,042 thousand, respectively, is associated with services under the various service agreements with H-D and $6,207 thousand and $6,309 thousand, respectively, is associated with the obligation to reimburse H-D for excess inventory components held by H-D that the Company expects to be obligated to reimburse H-D under the terms of the Contract Manufacturing Agreement. This amount represents the Company’s best estimate of the liability as of each of the balance sheet dates and is subject to adjustment based on final negotiations with H-D regarding amounts owed under the terms of the Contract Manufacturing Agreement. Convertible Delayed Draw Term Loan Agreement On February 14, 2024, the Company entered into a Convertible Delayed Draw Term Loan Agreement (the “Convertible Term Loan”) with H-D providing for term loans from H-D to the Company in one or more advances up to an aggregate principal amount of $100 million. The outstanding principal under the Convertible Term Loan bears interest at a floating rate per annum, as calculated by H-D as of the date of each advance and as of each June 1 and December 1 thereafter, equal to the sum of (i) the forward-looking term rate based on SOFR (i.e., the secured overnight financing rate published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (or a successor administrator of the secured overnight financing rate)) for a 6-month interest period, plus (ii) 4.00%. The Company may elect to pay up to 100% of the amount of any interest due by increasing the outstanding principal amount of the applicable advance. The Convertible Term Loan does not include affirmative covenants impacting the operations of the Company. The Convertible Term Loan includes negative covenants restricting the ability of the Company to incur indebtedness, create liens, sell assets, make investments, make fundamental changes, make dividends or other restricted payments and enter into affiliate transactions. The Convertible Term Loan has a maturity date of the earlier of (i) 24 months from the date of the first draw on the loan or (ii) October 31, 2026. In the event that the Convertible Term Loan cannot be settled in cash by the Company at maturity, unless otherwise agreed between the Company and H-D, the Convertible Term Loan will be converted to equity of Company at a conversion price per share of common stock of the Company equal to 90% of the volume weighted average price per share of Common Stock for the 30 trading days immediately preceding the conversion date. As of March 31, 2024, there were no amounts outstanding under the Convertible Term Loan and the Company remained in compliance with all of the existing covenants. Other transactions Sales of electric motorcycles and related products to independent dealers and customers are primarily financed through Harley-Davidson Financial Services (“HDFS”), a wholly owned subsidiary of H-D; therefore, the Company’s accounts receivable related to these sales are recorded in Accounts receivable from related party on the Consolidated balance sheets. Amounts financed through HDFS, not yet remitted to the Company by HDFS, are generally settled within 30 days. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there is $1,051 thousand and $3,351 thousand due from HDFS and other related receivables due from H-D, which is presented as Accounts receivable from related party on the Consolidated balance sheets, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded $20 thousand and $5 thousand, respectively, in related party sales between the Company and H-D with $15 thousand and $3 thousand, respectively, in Cost of goods sold. All sales were for the STACYC segment which sells electric balance bikes to H-D. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there was zero and $51 thousand due from H-D, which is presented as Accounts receivable from related party on the Consolidated balance sheets, respectively. On September 26, 2022, the Company entered into a lease agreement with H-D to sublease a Product Development Center. Additionally, on August 28, 2023, the Company amended a lease agreement with H-D for office space to extend the term of the lease to a 12-month period expiring on September 26, 2024. These are classified as operating leases. As of March 31, 2024, the right of use assets included within Lease assets, short-term lease liabilities included within Current portion of lease liabilities, and long-term lease liabilities included within Long-term portion of lease liabilities in the Consolidated balance sheets were $233 thousand, $158 thousand, and $74 thousand, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, the right of use assets included within Lease assets, short-term lease liabilities included within Current portion of lease liabilities, and long-term lease liabilities included within Long-term portion of lease liabilities in the Consolidated balance sheets were $274 thousand, $162 thousand, and $112 thousand, respectively. In addition, the Company incurred $44 thousand in rent expense during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, which is included within Selling, administrative and engineering expense on the Consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Reportable Segments

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Reportable Segments

Selected segment information is set forth below (in thousands):


	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Electric Motorcycles
Revenue, net	$	1,244	$	1,482
Cost of goods sold	6,471		2,440
Selling, administrative and engineering expense	23,780		23,811
Operating loss	(29,007)		(24,769)
STACYC
Revenue, net	3,734		6,280
Cost of goods sold	2,634		4,058
Selling, administrative and engineering expense	2,515		2,360
Operating loss	(1,415)		(138)
Operating loss	$	(30,422)	$	(24,907)

Subsequent Events	3 Months Ended
Subsequent Events	Mar. 31, 2024
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
Subsequent Events	Subsequent Event On April 24, 2024, the Company announced a plan to both relocate the operations of LiveWire Labs, the Company’s west coast product development facility, from Mountain View, California to Milwaukee, Wisconsin and streamline headcount at the Company. The Company believes this plan will enable synergies and optimize efficiencies in product development and simplify the Company’s overall path to future profitability. Under this plan, the Company expects to incur one-time relocation costs of $1.0 million to $1.5 million and one-time termination benefit costs of $2.0 million to $3.5 million related to the Electric Motorcycles segment and expects the vast majority to be cash charges. The Company expects to complete this plan by the end of September 2024.

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net Income (Loss)	$ (23,644)	$ (21,147)

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
Insider Trading Arrangements	Mar. 31, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

New Accounting Standards (Policies)	3 Months Ended
New Accounting Standards (Policies)	Mar. 31, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
New Accounting Standards	New Accounting Standards Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (ASU 2023-07). ASU 2023-07 is intended to improve reportable segment disclosures, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The main provisions of ASU 2023-07 require a public entity to disclose on an annual and interim basis: (i) significant segment expenses provided to the chief operating decision maker, (ii) an amount representing the difference between segment revenue less segment expenses disclosed under the significant segment expense principle and each reported measure of segment profit or loss and a description of its composition, (iii) provide all annual disclosures about a reportable segment's profit or loss and assets currently required under Topic 280 in interim periods, (iv) clarify that if the chief operating decision maker uses more than one measure of a segment's profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources, a public entity may report one or more of those additional measures of segment profit, (v) the title and position of the chief operating decision maker and an explanation of how the chief operating decision maker uses the reported measure of segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources, and (vi) all disclosures required by ASU 2023-07 and all existing segment disclosures under Topic 280 for an entity with a single reportable segment. The new guidance is effective for the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is still evaluating the impact ASU 2023-07 will have on the Company's consolidated financial statement disclosures. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which is intended to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. The main provisions of ASU 2023-09 require a public entity to disclose on an annual basis (i) specific prescribed categories in the rate reconciliation, (ii) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold, (iii) the amount of income taxes paid, net of refunds received, disaggregated by federal, state, and foreign taxes, (iv) the amount of income taxes paid, net of refunds received, disaggregated by individual jurisdictions in which income taxes paid is equal to greater than 5 percent of total income taxes paid, (v) income or loss from continuing operations before income tax expense or benefit disaggregated between domestic and foreign, and (vi) income tax expense or benefit from continuing operations disaggregated by federal, state, and foreign. ASU 2023-09 also removes certain disclosure requirements related to unrecognized tax benefits and cumulative unrecognized temporary differences. The new guidance is effective for the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is still evaluating the impact ASU 2023-09 will have on the Company's consolidated financial statement disclosures.

Revenue (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Schedule of Disaggregation of Revenue

Disaggregated revenue, net by major source was as follows (in thousands):


	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Electric Motorcycles
Electric motorcycles	$	1,007	$	1,411
Parts, accessories and apparel	237		71
	$	1,244	$	1,482
STACYC
Electric balance bikes	$	2,616	$	5,508
Parts, accessories and apparel	1,118		772
	$	3,734	$	6,280
Total Revenue, net	$	4,978	$	7,762

Earnings Per Share (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Earnings Per Share Basic and Diluted

Computation of basic and diluted earnings per share was as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):


	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Net loss	$	(23,644)	$	(21,147)

Basic weighted-average shares outstanding	203,100		202,404
Effect of dilutive securities – warrants	—		—
Effect of dilutive securities – employee stock compensation awards	—		—
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding	203,100		202,404
Earnings per share (1):
Basic	$	(0.12)	$	(0.10)
Diluted	$	(0.12)	$	(0.10)

(1) Earnings per share amounts are calculated discretely and, therefore, may not add up to the total due to rounding

Additional Balance Sheet Information (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Schedule of Inventories, Net

Inventories, net consisted of the following (in thousands):


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Raw materials and work in process	$	—	$	486
Electric motorcycles and electric balance bikes	32,317		28,205
Parts and accessories and apparel	2,788		3,431
Inventories, net	$	35,105	$	32,122

Fair Value (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis


	March 31, 2024
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Money market funds	$	135,000	$	—	$	—	$	135,000
Liabilities:
Public Warrants	$	4,946	$	—	$	—	$	4,946
Private Placement Warrants	—		2,615		—		2,615
Share-based awards settled in cash	666		—		—		666
	$	5,612	$	2,615	$	—	$	8,227

	December 31, 2023
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Money market funds	$	161,000	$	—	$	—	$	161,000
Liabilities:
Public Warrants	$	8,059	$	—	$	—	$	8,059
Private Placement Warrants	—		4,260		—		4,260
Share-based awards settled in cash	1,268		—		—		1,268
	$	9,327	$	4,260	$	—	$	13,587

Product Warranty and Recall Campaigns (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Guarantees and Product Warranties [Abstract]

Schedule of Warranty and Recall Liability

Changes in the Company’s warranty and recall liability were as follows (in thousands):


	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Balance, beginning of period	$	1,011	$	566
Warranties issued during the period	122		69
Settlements made during the period	(265)		(32)

Recalls and changes to pre-existing warranty liabilities	14		(3)
Balance, end of period	$	882	$	600

Reportable Segments (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Schedule of Information by Industry Segment

Selected segment information is set forth below (in thousands):


	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Electric Motorcycles
Revenue, net	$	1,244	$	1,482
Cost of goods sold	6,471		2,440
Selling, administrative and engineering expense	23,780		23,811
Operating loss	(29,007)		(24,769)
STACYC
Revenue, net	3,734		6,280
Cost of goods sold	2,634		4,058
Selling, administrative and engineering expense	2,515		2,360
Operating loss	(1,415)		(138)
Operating loss	$	(30,422)	$	(24,907)

Description of Business and Basis of Presentation (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions		3 Months Ended
	Sep. 26, 2022 USD ($) day $ / shares shares	Mar. 31, 2024 segment
Business Acquisition
Number of reportable segments \| segment		2
Net proceeds \| $	$ 293.7
Earn Out Shares
Business Acquisition
Derivative instrument, contingent consideration, liability (in shares) \| shares	12,500,000
Intiation period post transaction closing (months)	18 months
Earn out period expiration (years)	5 years
Derivative Instrument, Period, One \| Earn Out Shares
Business Acquisition
Derivative instrument, contingent consideration, liability (in shares) \| shares	6,250,000
Trigger price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 14.00
Trading days	20
Consecutive trading days	30
Derivative Instrument, Period, Two \| Earn Out Shares
Business Acquisition
Derivative instrument, contingent consideration, liability (in shares) \| shares	6,250,000
Trigger price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 18.00
Trading days	20
Consecutive trading days	30

Revenue - Disaggregation of Revenue (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue
Revenue, net	$ 4,978	$ 7,762
Electric Motorcycles
Disaggregation of Revenue
Revenue, net	1,244	1,482
STACYC
Disaggregation of Revenue
Revenue, net	3,734	6,280
Electric motorcycles \| Electric Motorcycles
Disaggregation of Revenue
Revenue, net	1,007	1,411
Parts, accessories and apparel \| Electric Motorcycles
Disaggregation of Revenue
Revenue, net	237	71
Parts, accessories and apparel \| STACYC
Disaggregation of Revenue
Revenue, net	1,118	772
Electric balance bikes \| STACYC
Disaggregation of Revenue
Revenue, net	$ 2,616	$ 5,508

Revenue - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
Revenue - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Variable consideration related to previously recognized sales	$ 419	$ 0
Refund asset	264		$ 299
Refund liability	292		327
Contract liability, current	310		214
Contract liability, non-current	281		$ 245
Contract liability, revenue recognized	$ 70	$ 78

Income Taxes (Details)	3 Months Ended
Income Taxes (Details)	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Effective tax rate	0.00%	0.00%

Earnings Per Share - Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Numerator:
Net loss	$ (23,644)	$ (21,147)
Denominator:
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding (in shares)	203,100	202,404
Effect of dilutive securities – warrants (in shares)	0	0
Effect of dilutive securities – employee stock compensation awards (in shares)	0	0
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding (in shares)	203,100	202,404
Earnings per share:
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ (0.12)	$ (0.10)
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (0.12)	$ (0.10)

Earnings Per Share - Narrative (Details) - shares shares in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Employee Stock
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share
Antidilutive securities (in shares)	3,118	3,129
Warrant
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share
Antidilutive securities (in shares)	30,365	30,500

Additional Balance Sheet Information - Schedule of Inventories, Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Raw materials and work in process	$ 0	$ 486
Electric motorcycles and electric balance bikes	32,317	28,205
Parts and accessories and apparel	2,788	3,431
Inventories, net	$ 35,105	$ 32,122

Additional Balance Sheet Information - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Accrued capital expenditures	$ 3,768	$ 4,933
Payroll and employee benefits	3,632	7,077
Engineering	$ 3,319	$ 5,215

Warrant Liabilities (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) day $ / shares shares	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) shares	Sep. 26, 2022 shares
Class of Warrant or Right
Warrants outstanding (in shares) \| shares				30,499,990
Warrants outstanding term (years)	5 years
Number or shares callable by each warrant (in shares) \| shares	1
Exercise price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 11.50
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities \| $	$ 4,758	$ 1,068
Warrant liabilities \| $	$ 7,561		$ 12,319
Public Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right
Warrants outstanding (in shares) \| shares	19,865,207		19,865,207	19,999,990
Warrants outstanding term (years)	5 years
Public Warrants \| Price Range One \| Common Stock
Class of Warrant or Right
Redemption trigger price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 18.00
Redemption price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 0.01
Notice period for redemption of warrant (day) \| day	30
Required number of trading days above trigger price (day) \| day	20
Number of trading day (day) \| day	30
Public Warrants \| Price Range Two \| Common Stock
Class of Warrant or Right
Redemption trigger price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 10.00
Redemption price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 0.10
Required number of trading days above trigger price (day) \| day	20
Number of trading day (day) \| day	30
Private Warrant
Class of Warrant or Right
Warrants outstanding (in shares) \| shares	10,500,000		10,500,000	10,500,000

Fair Value - Schedule of Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details) - Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Liabilities:
Share-based awards settled in cash	$ 666	$ 1,268
Liabilities, net	8,227	13,587
Public Warrants
Liabilities:
Warrants	4,946	8,059
Private Placement Warrants
Liabilities:
Warrants	2,615	4,260
Money market funds
Assets:
Money market funds	135,000	161,000
Level 1
Liabilities:
Share-based awards settled in cash	666	1,268
Liabilities, net	5,612	9,327
Level 1 \| Public Warrants
Liabilities:
Warrants	4,946	8,059
Level 1 \| Private Placement Warrants
Liabilities:
Warrants	0	0
Level 1 \| Money market funds
Assets:
Money market funds	135,000	161,000
Level 2
Liabilities:
Share-based awards settled in cash	0	0
Liabilities, net	2,615	4,260
Level 2 \| Public Warrants
Liabilities:
Warrants	0	0
Level 2 \| Private Placement Warrants
Liabilities:
Warrants	2,615	4,260
Level 2 \| Money market funds
Assets:
Money market funds	0	0
Level 3
Liabilities:
Share-based awards settled in cash	0	0
Liabilities, net	0	0
Level 3 \| Public Warrants
Liabilities:
Warrants	0	0
Level 3 \| Private Placement Warrants
Liabilities:
Warrants	0	0
Level 3 \| Money market funds
Assets:
Money market funds	$ 0	$ 0

Product Warranty and Recall Campaigns - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Guarantor Obligations
Liability for recall campaigns	$ 882	$ 1,011	$ 600	$ 566
Recall Campaign
Guarantor Obligations
Liability for recall campaigns	$ 78	$ 0
Electric motorcycles
Guarantor Obligations
Standard product warranty, period (years)	2 years
Battery For Electric Motorcycles
Guarantor Obligations
Standard product warranty, period (years)	5 years

Product Warranty and Recall Campaigns - Warranty and Recall Liability (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Movement in Standard Product Warranty Accrual
Balance, beginning of period	$ 1,011	$ 566
Warranties issued during the period	122	69
Settlements made during the period	(265)	(32)
Recalls and changes to pre-existing warranty liabilities	14	(3)
Balance, end of period	$ 882	$ 600

Related Party Transactions (Details)			3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
Related Party Transactions (Details)	Feb. 14, 2024 USD ($) day	Sep. 26, 2022	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Related Party Transaction
Cost of goods sold			$ 9,105,000	$ 6,498,000
Selling, administrative and engineering expense			26,295,000	26,171,000
Revenue, net			4,978,000	7,762,000
Lease assets			1,527,000		$ 1,868,000
Current portion of lease liabilities			914,000		1,152,000
Long-term portion of lease liabilities			677,000		792,000
STACYC
Related Party Transaction
Cost of goods sold			2,634,000	4,058,000
Selling, administrative and engineering expense			2,515,000	2,360,000
Revenue, net			3,734,000	6,280,000
Related Party
Related Party Transaction
Cost of goods sold			5,176,000	2,047,000
Selling, administrative and engineering expense			2,948,000	3,397,000
Accounts payable			25,687,000		20,371,000
Accounts receivable, net			1,051,000		3,402,000
Related Party \| Convertible Term Loan
Related Party Transaction
Line of credit, maximum borrowing capacity	$ 100,000,000
Federal reserve bank, SOFR , interest period (month)	6 months
Stated interest rate	4.00%
Debt instrument, maturity period, after first draw loan date (month)	24 months
Weighted average price (percent)	90.00%
Trading days \| day	30
Harley Davidson Inc. \| Related Party
Related Party Transaction
Cost of goods sold			15,000	3,000
Accounts receivable, net			1,051,000		3,351,000
Operating lease, rent expense			44,000	44,000
Harley Davidson Inc. \| Related Party \| STACYC
Related Party Transaction
Accounts receivable, net			0		51,000
Harley Davidson Inc. \| Service Agreement \| Related Party
Related Party Transaction
Cost of goods sold			5,176,000	2,047,000
Selling, administrative and engineering expense			2,948,000	3,397,000
Accounts payable			5,340,000		4,042,000
Harley Davidson Inc. \| Contract Manufacturing Agreement \| Related Party
Related Party Transaction
Accounts payable			14,140,000		10,020,000
Harley Davidson Inc. \| Excess Inventory Charge \| Related Party
Related Party Transaction
Inventory purchased from related party			6,207,000		6,309,000
Harley Davidson Inc. \| Sales \| Related Party
Related Party Transaction
Revenue, net			$ 20,000	$ 5,000
Harley Davidson Inc. \| Sales \| Related Party \| Electric motorcycles
Related Party Transaction
Transition services agreement, termination notice period (day)			30 days
Harley Davidson Inc. \| Lease Agreement \| Related Party
Related Party Transaction
Lessee, operating lease, amended term of contract (month)		12 months
Lease assets			$ 233,000		274,000
Current portion of lease liabilities			158,000		162,000
Long-term portion of lease liabilities			$ 74,000		$ 112,000

Reportable Segments - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
Reportable Segments - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) segment	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Segment Reporting Information
Number of reportable segments \| segment	2
Total assets	$ 237,088	$ 266,147
Electric Motorcycles
Segment Reporting Information
Total assets	206,479	232,981
STACYC
Segment Reporting Information
Total assets	$ 30,610	$ 33,166

Reportable Segments - Information By Strategic Business Units (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting Information
Revenue, net	$ 4,978	$ 7,762
Cost of goods sold	9,105	6,498
Selling, administrative and engineering expense	26,295	26,171
Operating loss	(30,422)	(24,907)
Electric Motorcycles
Segment Reporting Information
Revenue, net	1,244	1,482
Cost of goods sold	6,471	2,440
Selling, administrative and engineering expense	23,780	23,811
Operating loss	(29,007)	(24,769)
STACYC
Segment Reporting Information
Revenue, net	3,734	6,280
Cost of goods sold	2,634	4,058
Selling, administrative and engineering expense	2,515	2,360
Operating loss	$ (1,415)	$ (138)

Subsequent Events (Details) - Subsequent Event - Electric Motorcycles $ in Millions	Apr. 24, 2024 USD ($)
Employee Relocation \| Minimum
Subsequent Event
Expects to incur one-time relocation costs	$ 1.0
Employee Relocation \| Maximum
Subsequent Event
Expects to incur one-time relocation costs	1.5
One-time Termination Benefits \| Minimum
Subsequent Event
Expects to incur one-time relocation costs	2.0
One-time Termination Benefits \| Maximum
Subsequent Event
Expects to incur one-time relocation costs	$ 3.5

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